CN107940790A - Mixed circulation low-temperature refrigerator - Google Patents
Mixed circulation low-temperature refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107940790A CN107940790A CN201711346463.3A CN201711346463A CN107940790A CN 107940790 A CN107940790 A CN 107940790A CN 201711346463 A CN201711346463 A CN 201711346463A CN 107940790 A CN107940790 A CN 107940790A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, in particular to a mixed-cycle low-temperature refrigerator which comprises a gas compression unit and a first refrigeration unit connected with the gas compression unit of a first gas absorption valve, wherein a second refrigeration unit is arranged on the first refrigeration unit of the first gas absorption valve in parallel. The invention utilizes a Stirling refrigerator or a Stirling type pulse tube refrigerator to pre-cool a JT throttling refrigerator, adopts a single oil-free linear compressor to generate periodic reciprocating pressure fluctuation, and combines a one-way valve to generate high-pressure and low-pressure gas. Wherein the cyclically reciprocating pressure fluctuations are used to drive a multi-stage stirling cooler; the single compressor is adopted to simultaneously generate periodic alternating flow and high-low pressure driven unidirectional flow, and the advantages of high efficiency and high power density of the Stirling cycle in a temperature region above liquid hydrogen are utilized to exert the high efficiency, large cooling capacity, high reliability and no moving part of the helium throttling refrigerating machine in the liquid helium temperature region, so that the high-efficiency compact low-temperature refrigerating machine without the moving part, which operates in the liquid helium temperature region, is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-temperature refrigeration technology field, more particularly to a kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator.
Background technology
At present, the Cryo Refrigerator for working in liquid helium region leads in superelectron, low-temperature physics, outer space detection, quantum
Demand is had a wide range of applications in the fields such as letter, particularly with superconductor, its operation temperature area is generally located at liquid helium region, efficiently
The development of reliable Cryo Refrigerator has great importance progressive, the relevant industries development that advances science.At present in this warm area, make
Include GM refrigeration machines and GM type pulse tube refrigerating machines with more extensive technology.
GM refrigeration machines and GM type pulse tube refrigerating machines, it uses hydraulic shrinking machine compressed helium, is stored in high-pressure chamber, and
Suction side low-pressure gas is stored in low pressure volumes；High-low pressure cavity is connected by oil strainer with rotary valve, the rotary valve cycle
Property movement, gases at high pressure and switching in low pressure gas port, producing compression and bulking effect, driving regenerating type low-temperature freezes
Machine, its cycle of operation are about 1Hz.In regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator, by compression-expansion and displacer (or pulse tube refrigeration
Phase modulating mechanism in machine) phase modulation, produce refrigeration machine effect, lowest temperature can reach 2K.Especially its cost is low, efficiency relatively
Height, is applied widely in liquid helium region.
For GM refrigeration machines, since the switching of its high-low pressure uses rotary valve structure, larger pressure can be produced when gas flows through
Drop loss, causes the irreversible loss being difficult to avoid that, energy conversion efficiency is difficult to further improve；It is produced using hydraulic shrinking machine
High-low pressure gas is, it is necessary to be equipped with the equipment such as oil eliminator, systems bulky, and needs periodically to be safeguarded, the service life is difficult to protect
Card；It uses displacer phase modulation, causes larger vibration in cold head part, limits its application scenario.GM type pulse tube refrigerating machines
Phase modulating mechanism added using pulse tube to replace displacer in refrigerator-side, cold end movement-less part, can effectively reduce cold end and shake
It is dynamic, yet with the decline of phase modulation ability, its thermal efficiency be less than GM refrigeration machines.
The multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine or multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of linear compressor driving, utilize oil-free straight line piston
Reciprocating motion, compression and expansion system in helium, form periodic pressure oscillation, while utilize the row run under low temperature
Go out device and adjust complete machine sound-filed simulation, refrigeration effect is produced in regenerator, it is in the nature reversible Stirling cycle, is had higher
Theoretical efficiency.High yet with its running frequency, heat exchange and flow losses are big in regenerator under low temperature, although can be in liquid hydrogen
Above warm area obtains greater efficiency, but its operation temperature area is difficult to further decline.Stirling Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler operation logic
And basic framework is similar with sterlin refrigerator, compared with sterlin refrigerator, displacer structure is eliminated, using pulse tube knot
Structure isolates cold end and room temperature environment, make use of resistance element in the hot junction of pulse tube and is distributed to adjust acoustic impedance in regenerator,
It is excellent that so that refrigeration machine in cold end movement-less part, is brought, simple in structure, with small vibration, reliability is high, long lifespan, cost are low etc.
Point.
Burnt soup j-t refrigerator (JT refrigeration machines) produces refrigeration effect using the throttle effect of fluid, it will using compressor
Gas compression, radiates within the condenser, and throttling after cooling is decompressed to low temperature, and heat is absorbed in evaporator, produces refrigerating capacity and steams
Enter compressor after hair, form a closed cycle.It the advantage is that and exchanged heat using latent heat, refrigerating capacity is big, and heat exchange efficiency is high, and
And cold end movement-less part, rate of temperature fall are fast.But shortcoming is limited by working medium physical property, and operation temperature area is limited.It is attached in liquid helium region
Closely, in addition to helium, gas gas is liquid even solid-state., can only but helium throttle effect transition temperature is in below 30K
Precooling so far could obtain refrigeration effect below warm area.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator, it is intended to solves refrigeration system of the prior art
Unite the problem of bulky, complicated, reliability is low and refrigerating efficiency is low.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator, including gas compression
Unit and the first refrigeration unit being connected with the gas compression unit, have been arranged in parallel the second system on first refrigeration unit
Cold unit；First refrigeration unit includes multistage cold head, and second refrigeration unit includes multi-stage heat exchanger, the cold head and
The heat exchanger is arranged at intervals.
Wherein, the gas compression unit is gas compressor, and the gas compressor includes compressor housing and setting
It is stepped in the compresser cylinder of the compressor, the inner wall of the compresser cylinder.
Wherein, the internal diameter size of the compresser cylinder center section is more than the internal diameter of the compresser cylinder two end portions
Size.
Wherein, the gas compressor further includes the first compressor mover piston and the second compressor mover piston, described
First compressor mover piston and the second compressor mover piston are to be adapted with the compresser cylinder inner wall shape
Stepped piston, the first compressor mover piston and the second compressor mover piston respectively with the compressor gas
The both ends of cylinder are engaged.
Wherein, coil and mover magnet, the coil are provided between the compressor housing and the compresser cylinder
Be arranged on the inside of the compressor housing, the mover magnet is arranged on the outside of the compresser cylinder, the coil with it is described
Mover magnet is oppositely arranged.
Wherein, it is cold to include sequentially connected indoor temperature end heat exchanger, first order cold head and the second level for first refrigeration unit
Head, the indoor temperature end heat exchanger and the first compressor mover piston, the second compressor mover piston and the compression
The compression chamber that machine cylinder is formed is connected.
Wherein, phase modulation component, the phase modulation group are provided between the indoor temperature end heat exchanger and the gas compression unit
Part is connected on the indoor temperature end heat exchanger away from the first order cold head, one end of second level cold head.
Wherein, second refrigeration unit includes sequentially connected throttle valve, cool end heat exchanger and multistage Recuperative heat exchanger,
The Recuperative heat exchanger is connected with the first direct current cavity that the second compressor mover piston, the compresser cylinder are formed
Logical, the throttle valve is connected with the second direct current cavity that the first compressor mover piston, the compresser cylinder are formed
It is logical；Valve body is both provided with the first direct current cavity and the second direct current cavity.
Wherein, the valve body includes the first inlet valve, first row air valve, the second inlet valve and second row air valve, and described
One inlet valve and the first row air valve are located in the first direct current cavity, second inlet valve and the second row air valve
In the second direct current cavity；The first direct current cavity and the second direct current cavity pass through direct current pipeline connection.
Wherein, the valve body includes valve block and support spring, and the valve block is fixed on the pressure by the support spring
On contracting machine cylinder.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention has the advantages that：One kind provided by the invention
Mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator, by the way that the first refrigeration unit, the second refrigeration unit are integrated so that the system in the present invention
Cooling system volume reduces, and reliability is high, and refrigerating efficiency greatly improves.
The present invention utilizes sterlin refrigerator or Stirling Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler precooling JT j-t refrigerators, using list
The linear compressor of one oil-free produces cycle reciprocal pressure oscillation, in combination with check valve output high-low pressure gas.It is wherein all
Phase reciprocal pressure oscillation is used for driving multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine, its operation temperature area is located at liquid hydrogen warm area, precooling high-pressure helium,
And high-low pressure gas is used to drive JT j-t refrigerators, refrigerating capacity is produced in helium warm area；It is advantageous that using single compressed
Machine produces the one-way flow of periodicity Oscillating flow and high-low pressure driving at the same time, makes full use of Stirling cycle warm more than liquid hydrogen
The advantage that area is efficient, power density is high, while helium j-t refrigerator is played liquid helium region is efficient, cold is big, reliable
Property high, movement-less part the advantages of, form under a kind of liquid helium region the high-efficiency compact movement-less part Cryo Refrigerator run.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the second inlet valve shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of second row air valve shown in Fig. 1；
Wherein, 1- compressor housings；2- compresser cylinders；3- the first compressor mover pistons；4- the second compressor movers
Piston；The first inlet valves of 5-；6- first row air valves；The second inlet valves of 7-；8- second row air valves；9- compression chambers；The first direct currents of 10-
Cavity；11- the second direct current cavitys；12- direct current pipelines；13- the first mover magnet；14- the second mover magnet；15- first coils；
The second coils of 16-；17- air intake ducts；18- exhaust pipes；19- connecting tubes；20- phase modulation components；21- indoor temperature end heat exchangers；22- first
Level cold head；23- second level cold head；24- first order Recuperative heat exchangers；25- second level Recuperative heat exchanger；26- third level backheats are changed
Hot device；27- throttle valves；28- cool end heat exchangers；29- valve blocks；30- support springs；31- valve body cavities.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Following embodiments are used for
Illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " are meant that two or more；Unless otherwise saying
Bright, the implication of " nick shaped " is the shape in addition to section is concordant.Term " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " interior ", " outer ", " preceding
End ", " rear end ", " head ", the orientation of the instruction such as " afterbody " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship,
Be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than instruction or imply signified device or element must have it is specific
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ",
" second ", " 3rd " etc. are only used for description purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary.For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, concrete condition can be regarded and understand the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Referring to described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention provides a kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator, including gas compression unit
The first refrigeration unit being connected with gas compression unit, has been arranged in parallel the second refrigeration unit on the first refrigeration unit；First
Refrigeration unit includes multistage cold head, and the second refrigeration unit includes multi-stage heat exchanger, and cold head is arranged at intervals with heat exchanger.
A kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator provided by the invention, by by the first refrigeration unit, the second refrigeration unit collection
Into together so that the refrigeration system volume in the present invention reduces, and reliability is high, and refrigerating efficiency greatly improves.
Further, gas compression unit is gas compressor, and gas compressor includes compressor housing 1 and is arranged on pressure
Compresser cylinder 2 inside contracting casing body 1, the inner wall of compresser cylinder 2 are stepped.
Further, the internal diameter size of 2 center section of compresser cylinder is more than the internal diameter ruler of 2 two end portions of compresser cylinder
It is very little.
Further, gas compressor further includes the first compressor mover piston 3 and the second compressor mover piston 4, the
One compressor mover piston 3 and the second compressor mover piston 4 be adapted with 2 inner wall shape of compresser cylinder it is stepped
Piston, the first compressor mover piston 3 are engaged with the second 4 both ends respectively with compresser cylinder 2 of compressor mover piston.
Further, coil and mover magnet are provided between compressor housing 1 and compresser cylinder 2, coil is arranged on
The inner side of compressor housing 1, mover magnet are arranged on the outside of compresser cylinder 2, and coil is oppositely arranged with mover magnet.
Further, the first refrigeration unit includes sequentially connected indoor temperature end heat exchanger 21, first order cold head 22 and second
Level cold head 23,21 and first compressor mover piston 3 of indoor temperature end heat exchanger, the second compressor mover piston 4 and compresser cylinder 2
The compression chamber 9 formed is connected.
Further, phase modulation component 20, phase modulation component 20 are provided between indoor temperature end heat exchanger 21 and gas compression unit
It is connected on indoor temperature end heat exchanger 21 away from first order cold head 22, one end of second level cold head 23.
Further, the second refrigeration unit is changed including sequentially connected throttle valve 27, cool end heat exchanger 28 and multistage backheat
Hot device, Recuperative heat exchanger are connected with the first direct current cavity 10 that the second compressor mover piston 4, compresser cylinder 2 are formed,
Throttle valve 27 is connected with the second direct current cavity 11 that the first compressor mover piston 3, compresser cylinder 2 are formed；First is straight
Valve body is both provided with stream 10 and second direct current cavity 11 of cavity.The main function of valve body is to move back and forth alternation to be converted to list
Moved to direct current, its structure principle chart as shown in Figure 2,3, is made of valve block 29 and support spring 30, and 30 one end of support spring connects
On 2 inner wall of compresser cylinder, other end is connected with valve block 29；During as inlet valve, valve block 29 is located in valve body cavity 31
Side, fits closely with 31 inner wall of valve body cavity under spring force；During as air bleeding valve, valve block 29 is located at outside valve body cavity 31
Portion, fits closely with 31 outside wall of valve body cavity under spring force.
Further, valve body includes the first inlet valve 5, first row air valve 6, the second inlet valve 7 and second row air valve 8, the
One inlet valve 5 and first row air valve 6 are located in the first direct current cavity 10, and the second inlet valve 7 and second row air valve 8 are straight positioned at second
Flow in cavity 11；First direct current cavity 10 is connected with the second direct current cavity 11 by direct current pipeline 12.
Further, valve body includes valve block 29 and support spring 30, and valve block 29 is fixed on compressor by support spring 30
On cylinder 2.
A kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator provided by the invention, during work, filled with the helium with certain pressure in system
Gas, first coil 15, the second coil 16 both ends rely on certain frequency exchange electric drive, produce alternating magnetic field, first
Mover magnet 13, the second mover magnet 14 drive the first compressor mover piston 3, second to press respectively under the action of alternating magnetic field
The motor-driven sub- piston 4 that contracts makees straight reciprocating motion, is acted on by piston centre side end face, and periodic pressure is formed in compression chamber 9
Fluctuation, i.e. periodic compression-expansion；Pressure oscillation enters Stirling or pulse tube refrigeration by connecting tube 19 by compression chamber 9
In thermomechanical components, under the action of phase modulation component 20, refrigerating capacity is produced at first order cold head 22, second level cold head 23, wherein the
22 operation temperature area of level-one cold head is about 100-50K, and second level cold head 23 is located at 20-10K warm areas.
The ladder side of right side 2 and second compressor mover piston 4 of compresser cylinder together constitutes the first direct current chamber in Fig. 1
Body 10, when the second compressor mover piston 4 is in equilbrium position, the valve block 29 of the first inlet valve 5 and first row air valve 6 is in
Closure state, the second compressor mover piston 4 progressively move right, 10 volumetric expansion of the first direct current cavity, when the second compressor
When mover piston 4 is close to up to low order end, pressure reaches minimum, the effect of the valve block 29 of the first inlet valve 5 in both sides pressure difference
Under overcome spring force to open, the gas of j-t refrigerator is sucked, into level-one direct current cavity 8；Second compressor mover piston 4 arrives
During up to low order end, piston further to left movement, starts compressed gas, and pressure gradually rises at this time, the valve block of the first inlet valve 5
Closed under pressure and spring-force driven dual；The valve block 29 of first inlet valve 5 and first row air valve 6 is closed, when second
When compressor mover piston 4 is close to high order end, pressure is compressed into close to maximum, and the valve block 29 of first row air valve 6 exists at this time
Opened under differential pressure action, compressed gases at high pressure enter among connecting tube 12；Second compressor mover piston 4 reaches high order end
When, continue to move to the right, 6 valve block 29 is closed, and the pressure after gas expansion reduces, reexpansion-air-breathing-compression-exhaust-swollen
Swollen circulation.
The operation principle and level-one of second direct current cavity 11 are similar, are further carried on the basis of the first direct current cavity 10
High pressure.The ladder side of left side 2 and first compressor mover piston 3 of compresser cylinder together constitutes the second direct current chamber in Fig. 1
Body 11, when the first compressor mover piston 3 is in equilbrium position, the valve block 29 of the second inlet valve 7 and second row air valve 8 is in
Closure state, mover piston is progressively to left movement, 11 volumetric expansion of the second direct current cavity, when the first compressor mover piston 3 connects
During nearly arrival high order end, pressure reaches minimum, and the valve block 29 of the second inlet valve 7 overcomes spring force under the action of the pressure difference of both sides
Open, the gas after one stage of compression is sucked by connecting tube 9, into the second direct current cavity 11；First compressor mover piston 3 arrives
During up to high order end, piston moves further to the right, and starts compressed gas, and pressure gradually rises at this time, the valve of two level inlet valve 13
Piece 29 is closed under pressure and spring-force driven dual；The valve block 29 of second inlet valve 7 and second row air valve 8 is closed, when
When first compressor mover piston 3 is close to low order end, pressure is compressed into the valve block close to maximum, at this time second row air valve 8
29 open under differential pressure action, and compressed gases at high pressure are entered in the first refrigeration unit by exhaust pipe 18；First compression
When motor-driven sub- piston 3 reaches low order end, continuing to expand to the left, the valve block 29 of first row air valve 6 is closed, and pressure further reduces,
The circulation of reexpansion-air-breathing-compression-exhaust-expansion.
Gas after two stages of compression enters among j-t refrigerator, carries out following cyclic process successively：Initially enter
21 side of indoor temperature end heat exchanger, heat is distributed to room temperature, afterwards among first order Recuperative heat exchanger 24, the low pressure gas with return
Body carries out backheat exchange；Gas enters the first order cold head 22 of Stirling or pulse tube refrigerating machine afterwards, is cooled to 100-
50K warm areas；Then into second level Recuperative heat exchanger 25, heat exchange is further carried out with the low-pressure gas of return；Gas exists
20-10K warm areas are lowered at the second level cold head 23 of Stirling or pulse tube refrigerating machine；Changed in third level backheat
Low-pressure low-temperature gas among hot device 26 with return carries out heat exchange；Gases at high pressure after cooled enter throttle valve 27 it
Afterwards, constant enthalpy pressure reduction is carried out, temperature, which declines, produces refrigeration effect, reaches or close to reaching liquid helium region；It is low after throttling
Warm low-pressure gas or liquid enter among cool end heat exchanger 28, absorb the heat of cooled device, and the liquid after throttling is heated
The gas produced afterwards enters third level Recuperative heat exchanger 26 and carries out backheat with gases at high pressure；Hereafter second level backheat is passed sequentially through to change
Hot device 25 and first order Recuperative heat exchanger 24, until being connected to the first inlet valve 5 by air intake duct 17, form complete thermodynamics and follow
Ring.
A kind of mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator provided by the invention, has the following advantages that：1st, using step piston pattern
Compressor piston hierarchic structure, Oscillating flow and high-low pressure gas are produced using single compressor at the same time, can be effectively reduced and are
System volume weight；2nd, sterlin refrigerator or Stirling Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler precooling JT j-t refrigerators, fully profit are utilized
With Stirling cycle in the advantage that liquid hydrogen above warm area is efficient, power density is high, while helium j-t refrigerator is played in liquid
The advantages of helium warm area is efficient, cold is big, reliability is high, movement-less part, formed under a kind of liquid helium region run it is efficient tight
Gather movement-less part Cryo Refrigerator；3rd, Stirling or pulse tube refrigeration mechanism cold are used in liquid hydrogen above warm area, fully profit
With Stirling cycle in the advantage that liquid hydrogen above warm area is efficient, power density is high；4th, single compressor combination check valve is at the same time
Produce Oscillating flow and high-low pressure gas；5th, system employs two stages of compression.
The embodiment of the present invention provides for the sake of example and description, and is not exhaustively or by this to send out
It is bright to be limited to disclosed form.Many modifications and variations are obvious for the ordinary skill in the art.Choosing
It is to more preferably illustrate the principle of the present invention and practical application to select and describe embodiment, and makes those of ordinary skill in the art
It will be appreciated that the present invention is so as to design the various embodiments with various modifications suitable for special-purpose.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator, it is characterised in that including gas compression unit and with the gas compression unit First refrigeration unit of connection, has been arranged in parallel the second refrigeration unit on first refrigeration unit；First refrigeration unit Including multistage cold head, second refrigeration unit includes multi-stage heat exchanger, and the cold head is arranged at intervals with the heat exchanger.
- 2. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas compression unit is gas Compressor, the gas compressor include compressor housing (1) and are arranged on the internal compressor gas of the compressor housing (1) Cylinder (2), the inner wall of the compresser cylinder (2) are stepped.
- 3. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that among the compresser cylinder (2) Partial internal diameter size is more than the internal diameter size of the compresser cylinder (2) two end portions.
- 4. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the gas compressor further includes One compressor mover piston (3) and the second compressor mover piston (4), the first compressor mover piston (3) and described Two compressor mover pistons (4) are the stepped piston being adapted with the compresser cylinder (2) inner wall shape, and described first Compressor mover piston (3) matches with both ends of the second compressor mover piston (4) respectively with the compresser cylinder (2) Close.
- 5. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the compressor housing (1) and institute To state and coil and mover magnet are provided between compresser cylinder (2), the coil is arranged on the inside of the compressor housing (1), The mover magnet is arranged on the outside of the compresser cylinder (2), and the coil is oppositely arranged with the mover magnet.
- 6. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first refrigeration unit include according to Indoor temperature end heat exchanger (21), first order cold head (22) and the second level cold head (23) of secondary connection, the indoor temperature end heat exchanger (21) With the first compressor mover piston (3), the second compressor mover piston (4) and the compresser cylinder (2) institute shape Into compression chamber (9) be connected.
- 7. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the indoor temperature end heat exchanger (21) with Phase modulation component (20) is provided between the gas compression unit, the phase modulation component (20) is connected to the indoor temperature end heat exchanger (21) away from the first order cold head (22), one end of second level cold head (23) on.
- 8. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 6, it is characterised in that second refrigeration unit include according to Throttle valve (27), cool end heat exchanger (28) and the multistage Recuperative heat exchanger of secondary connection, the Recuperative heat exchanger and the described second pressure The the first direct current cavity (10) that motor-driven sub- piston (4), the compresser cylinder (2) are formed that contracts is connected, the throttle valve (27) it is connected with the second direct current cavity (11) that the first compressor mover piston (3), the compresser cylinder (2) are formed It is logical；Valve body is both provided with the first direct current cavity (10) and the second direct current cavity (11).
- 9. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the valve body includes the first inlet valve (5), first row air valve (6), the second inlet valve (7) and second row air valve (8), first inlet valve (5) and the first row Air valve (6) is located in the first direct current cavity (10), and second inlet valve (7) and the second row air valve (8) are located at institute State in the second direct current cavity (11)；The first direct current cavity (10) and the second direct current cavity (11) pass through direct current pipeline (12) connect.
- 10. mixing circulation Cryo Refrigerator according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the valve body includes valve block (29) With support spring (30), the valve block (29) is fixed on the compresser cylinder (2) by the support spring (30).
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| CN110425768A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Taper throttling refrigerator |
| CN110486979A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | The lamination of multistage unilateral pre-cooling interlocks microchannel throttling heat exchange refrigerator |
| CN110486978A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 上海理工大学 | Array cylinder group type multilevel stack microchannel throttling heat exchange refrigerator |
| CN110553416A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Active control alternating current-direct current composite deep low-temperature mechanical refrigeration system |
| CN114046611A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-15 | 上海超立安科技有限责任公司 | Integral Stirling refrigerating machine for low-temperature refrigerator |
| CN115289713A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-11-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Active piston phase modulation power recovery integrated pulse tube refrigerator supported by column spring |
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| CN114046611A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-15 | 上海超立安科技有限责任公司 | Integral Stirling refrigerating machine for low-temperature refrigerator |
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