CN107806807B - The quickly method in detection oscillating bearing gap - Google Patents
The quickly method in detection oscillating bearing gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN107806807B CN107806807B CN201711193394.7A CN201711193394A CN107806807B CN 107806807 B CN107806807 B CN 107806807B CN 201711193394 A CN201711193394 A CN 201711193394A CN 107806807 B CN107806807 B CN 107806807B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
- G01B5/146—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures measuring play on bearings
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Abstract
A kind of method in a kind of quickly detection oscillating bearing gap disclosed by the invention, it is desirable to provide measurement accuracy is high, the high detection method of detection efficiency.The technical scheme is that: the axial force distribution screw rod (5) for connecting axial radial alignment V-block and/or compressing centering V-block is produced in the longitudinal thickness direction of base platform (6), measured workpiece is fixed on positioning table (4) by oscillating bearing inner ring end-face hole by the clamp nut on interchangeable mandrel (1), and axial force distribution screw rod (5) and radial force screw rod (8) drive its lower connected axially eccentric cam (14), radial disbalance cam (15) respectively；Radial force screw rod rotation, it drives positioning table to generate upper and lower and be moved forward and backward, is arranged and obtains the measurement result of measured workpiece axis, radial clearance in the radial clearance indicator of front end locating piece (16) horizontal plane and the axial gap indicator that is arranged above oscillating bearing inner ring (12).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the radial directions that oscillating bearing 0.0mm~1.0mm after being installed on part is measured in a kind of machining
Gap, axial gap measurement problem method for fast measuring.
Background technique
With the fast development of mechanical industry, oscillating bearing has been widely used in aerospace, Precision Machining, automobile
In several big pillar industries of national economy such as manufacture, such as tail extension bar in aircraft shock absorber with double seal arrangement, rocket bearing support etc. is to realize peace
Dress is convenient, can adapt to the variation of low-angle automatically at work, all largely uses oscillating bearing.Universal joint bearing belongs to non-
Fluid friction sliding bearing (friction coefficient μ 0.05), working life are inversely proportional to relative sliding velocity v and contact stress p, only suitable
For low speed oscillations occasion (n≤30 beat/min), when working speed rises, it will cause slidingsurface sharply to wear, bearing temperature
Degree steeply rises, and causes bearing rapid failure.Rolling bearing should also ensure that between axial direction other than radial clearance to be guaranteed
Gap.When detecting axial gap, axis is moved into an extreme position, then measures axis from an extreme position with clearance gauge or dial gauge
To shifting amount, that is, axial gap of another extreme position.Radial direction of the oscillating bearing after being installed on part and in use, maintenance
Gap, axial gap the rapid survey of measurement be all crucial technical problem, to radial clearance, the axial direction in using, repairing
The control in gap will directly affect instrument properties of product, therefore, it is necessary to the oscillating bearing radial clearance in using, after maintenance, axis
It is carried out efficiently and the measurement of precision to gap.However, production, use, in maintenance, oscillating bearing is installed between the radial direction after part
Gap, axial gap measurement problem are difficult to solve, and the measurement accuracy of 0.0mm~1.0mm requires high.
When oscillating bearing is not installed on workpiece, oscillating bearing can carry out radial clearance, axial gap by special instrument
Measurement, but oscillating bearing be by being interference fitted and applying in certain coupling mechanism force Assembly part, oscillating bearing install
Radial clearance, axial gap after part can change with the size of magnitude of interference and coupling mechanism force, after being installed on part,
The rapid survey problem of the measurement of radial clearance, axial gap in use, after maintenance, be key technology in linear measure longimetry and
One of difficult point.The prior art is usually to load lotus block using single bearing, then measures bearing internal external lasso end face with amesdial
Difference or judge internal space ring and external space ring tightness with feel.But for various reasons, it is easy to produce error.If being completed in general assembly
After go wrong, need to dismantle, measure, install again, it is time-consuming.The work slidingsurface of the inside and outside circle of oscillating bearing is few
Hemisphere face, outer ring can mutually be swung with inner ring, and common height-gauge can not measure the parameter.Original detection
There are mainly two types of means: the first is measured using mandrel method, and there are four defects for the method for inspection:
(1) every kind of model need to be equipped with one and the consistent mandrel of blowout patche internal diameter；
(2) mandrel and blowout patche are clearance fits, and gap is too big, and measurement error is big；Gap is too small, it is not easy to which loading, unloading go out
Mandrel, measurement are difficult；
(3) big model and product of large quantities are detected, during loading, unloading go out mandrel to the physical fitness requirement of reviewer compared with
Height, large labor intensity, and careless slightly may weigh finger wounded；
(4) every set time measurement will repeat loading, unloading and go out mandrel, and detection efficiency is low.
It uses miking method second, is measured, needed when measurement anti-in the symmetric position of product with two micrometers
The measured value of the whole micrometer of polyphony, until measured value at this time is to assemble height after the measured value of two micrometers is consistent.It should
Kind method of inspection defect is:
(1) two micrometer, which obtains repeatedly to adjust, can just obtain measured value, measure cumbersome, low efficiency, be not suitable for measure batch；
(2) certain measurement technical ability is needed, accurate measured value can be just obtained.The defect of both the above measurement method is main
Be in order to overcome outer ring in the measurements and inner ring can mutually be swung and caused by, so how quickly to guarantee that two survey in the measurements
Amount datum level is parallel to each other this measurement difficult point as the emphasis and core designed.
In Automatic manual transmission, the fit clearance of oscillating bearing and moving axis must be suitable, and can just make oscillating bearing uses the longevity
It is more permanent to order.Oscillating bearing may bear certain axial load while bearing radial load.Bearing radial load
When, support shaft and bearing saddle bore must provide oscillating bearing and reliably and uniformly support, and can just make oscillating bearing running at full capacity.
In actual use, the main failure forms of oscillating bearing are abrasions, since abrasion increases the clearance of Bearing inner obviously, from
And the vibration at bearing support position and noise is caused to increase, so that mechanical operating status is deteriorated, often resulting in bearing cannot normal work
Make, destroys bearing before fatigue damage.Therefore the tappet of oscillating bearing and the fit clearance of guide sleeve are not greater than
Replacement when 0.6mm is more than.Ying Genghuan when oscillating bearing spherical surface radial direction abrasion loss on guide sleeve is more than 0.5mm.Joint shaft
It holds the hole at both ends and answers the good flawless of elasticity with, circlip for shaft.Clamping pin that tappet lower end is connect with pressure head or idler wheel,
It is more than 12mm that holding screw, which answers good pressure head bottom or idler wheel to wear away the fit clearance that must not exceed between bound requirements roller pin, hole,
When should replace and compress tension spring Ying Genghuan when fractureing, be plastically deformed, corroding serious.Big load, low speed and profit are occurring for oscillating bearing
It is sliding it is insufficient in the case where, it is easy to generate high friction and be seriously worn, thus the service life of oscillating bearing be mainly its friction with
Wear-out life.And rub, wear phenomenon be it is sufficiently complex, it is very difficult for accurately calculating this service life.Usual joint
Bearing is installed on the radial clearance after part, the detection of axial gap measurement generally uses following method.
1, ruler detection method is matched, rolling bearing common type: rolling mill bearing, oscillating bearing, turntable bearing, band base spherical outside surface axis
It holds, thrust ball bearing, unilateral bearing, completely fill roller bearing, thrust roller bearing, linear motion bearing.For what is be relatively large in diameter
Bearing, gap is larger, is directly detected with relatively narrow clearance gauge.Bearing lesser for diameter, gap is smaller, and inconvenience is surveyed with clearance gauge
Amount, but the sideshake of bearing, it is necessary to thickness clearance gauge measurement appropriate.
2, lead extrusion detection method.It is accurate but more bothersome compared with being detected with clearance gauge with lead extrusion method detection rolling bearing gap.Detection institute
Aluminium wire should be soft, and diameter should not be too big or too small, and optimal diameter is 1.5~2 times of gap, leads in real work
Common soft lead wire is detected.When detection, first bearing cap is opened, selects the galvanized wire of appropriate diameter, is cut into 15~40 millis
The long segment of rice, be placed on axle journal and metal (upper interface at, cover bearing cap, tighten fixing bolt by prescribed torque, so
It is loosering a bolt afterwards, is removing bearing cap, the galvanized wire thickness flattened with micrometer detection finds out the average value in bearing top gap.If
Bottom clearance is too small, can on upper and lower watt of faying face cushioning.If too big, subtract pad, scraping or pour again watt.
3, bearing shell clamp force measurement method is adjusted.The rotationally and axially shifting that bearing shell may occur during the work time in order to prevent
Dynamic, other than cooperation interference and stop part, bearing shell compresses bearing cap to measure, and method is measured soft as survey bottom clearance method
Galvanized wire thickness calculates bearing shell clamp force (being indicated with the compressed elastic deformation amount of bearing shell), bearing shell pressing force control amount 0.02
~0.04 millimeter.Pressing force is not inconsistent standardization, is adjusted with the method for increase and decrease bearing and the spacer thickness at bearing block joint surface,
Watt back mustn't cushioning.The above method is disadvantageous in that process is more, and measurement process is cumbersome, and measurement efficiency is low.It must be by people
Work operates the mobile measurement that could complete radial clearance, axial gap of measuring device, inconvenient, measurement radial clearance, axis
To during gap, the degree of automation is not high, and measurement error is larger, the precision of radial clearance, axial gap detection is not also high.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is to simple, easily operated, the measurement essences for a kind of structure in place of prior art Shortcomings, is provided
Degree is high, the method in the high quick detection oscillating bearing gap of detection efficiency, to solve production, use, maintenance oscillating bearing installation
The problem of radial clearance, axial gap measurement hardly possible after part.
It is of the present invention solve the problems, such as used by technical solution be: a method of quickly detection oscillating bearing gap, have
Following technical characteristic: one positioning table 4 being fixed on base platform 6 of preparation is fixed in 4 rectangular channel of positioning table
Centering locating piece, indicate measured workpiece 10 radial clearance indicator 9 and axial gap indicator 11；In the rectangular channel
The radial alignment V-block 7 and the relatively radially axial compression pair of centering V-block 7 of an abutting front end locating piece 16 are fixed in front end
Middle V-block 3, to form opposite symmetrical V-arrangement positioning hole groove；It is equipped between 7 backside of radial alignment V-block and front end locating piece 16
The radial force screw rod 8 of perpendicular positioning workbench 4, the longitudinal thickness direction of base platform 6 is formed with the above-mentioned axial-radial pair of connection
Middle V-block 7 and/or the axial force distribution screw rod 5 for compressing centering V-block 3；Radial alignment V-block 7 and axial compression centering V-block 3
Pass through the longitudinal axial force distribution screw rod 5 being assemblied in 6 platform screw hole of pedestal of the connection downwards of positioning table 4, oscillating bearing respectively
Measured workpiece 10 is fixed on positioning table 4 by 12 end-face hole of inner ring by the clamp nut 2 on interchangeable mandrel 1, is axially applied
Power screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8 drive its lower connected axially eccentric cam 14 and radial disbalance cam 15 respectively；It is axial inclined
Cardiac prominence wheel 14, radial disbalance cam 15 are in the case where axial force distribution screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8 rotate, axially eccentric 14 water of cam
Flat moving in rotation, radial disbalance cam 15 generate upper and lower rotary motion, and driving positioning table 4 generates upper and lower and front and back and moves
It is dynamic, the radial clearance indicator 9 of 16 horizontal plane of front end locating piece is set and the axial direction of 12 top of oscillating bearing inner ring is set
Gap indicator 11 obtains the measurement result of 10 axis of measured workpiece, radial clearance.
The present invention has the following effects that structure is simple compared with the prior art, easily operated, and measurement efficiency is high.The present invention
It is fixed on the front end of rectangular channel using radial alignment V-block 7, and is close to front end locating piece 16, axial compression centering V-block 3 is set
It sets and forms opposite symmetrical V-arrangement positioning hole groove at the rear of the rectangular channel, it is flat to be formed with connection pedestal 6 by V-arrangement positioning hole groove
The screw hole of platform, the base platform 6 between 7 backside of front end locating piece 16 and radial alignment V-block are equipped with the radial force spiral shell of connection
The screw hole of bar 8, the longitudinal thickness direction of base platform 6 are formed with the above-mentioned axial-radial centering V-block 7 of connection and/or compress centering V
The detection device in the composition measurement of the axial force distribution screw rod 5 oscillating bearing gap of type block 3, structure is simple, adaptable, be easy to grasp
Make, it is easy to use.By two eccentric cams make with workbench can up and down, move left and right, ensure that measured piece has a spy
Fixed and correct measurement stroke.And interchangeable mandrel has been used, so, the oscillating bearing of different inner holes can be measured, and
The shape that V-block is suitable for different measured workpieces again is compressed, measurement result is intuitively obtained by dial gauge, this makes between radial direction
Gap, axial gap measurement become very intuitive, instrument is worked with direct measurement method, and when measurement does not need to be compared with standard component,
It is disposable to complete to measure bearing radial gap, axial gap, end-play.
Measurement accuracy is high.The present invention is directed to oscillating bearing radial clearance, axial gap difficulty problem, using oscillating bearing inner ring
End face positioning method, what the outer ring of oscillating bearing was floated is measured using eccentric method, can be convex with two bias of movable workbench
Wheel belt moves movable workbench, moves oscillating bearing under desired measuring force.The X of workpiece, Y-direction are adjusted by force screw rod
Movement, it is mobile with eccentric method combination work, measured workpiece will not be damaged, can be in radial clearance, the axial direction for measuring 0~1mm
Gap, repeatable accuracy≤1 μm, measurement accuracy greatly improve.Overcoming the prior art must be by manual operation traverse measurement
It can complete the measurement of radial clearance, axial gap, it is inconvenient, the degree of automation is not high, measure radial clearance, axial gap mistake
Cheng Zhong, the defect that measurement error is larger, the precision of radial clearance, axial gap detection is not high.
Detection efficiency is high.The present invention uses 12 end face positioning method of oscillating bearing inner ring, by interchangeable mandrel 1, compresses spiral shell
Mother 2 is fixed on tested 10 on positioning table 4.Apply measurement request to axial force distribution screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8 respectively
Measuring force, axial force distribution screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8 drive axially eccentric cam 14, radial disbalance cam 15 again respectively,
It realizes about 4 positioning table and is moved forward and backward, measurement result is obtained by radial clearance indicator 9, axial gap indicator 11.
Oscillating bearing is measured using eccentric method, the labor intensity for reducing reviewer measured using eccentric method improves work
Efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and detection efficiency compares the prior art detection method detection efficiency of produced on-site practical application.
For the present invention using amesdial as instruction, measurement range is 0mm~1mm, calibrated dial 0.001mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main-body structure schematic diagram of the method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1. interchangeable mandrels, 2. clamp nuts, 3. axial compression centering V-blocks, 4. positioning tables, 5. axially apply
Power screw rod, 6. base platforms, 7. radial alignment V-blocks, 8. radial force screw rods, 9. radial clearance indicators, 10. tested works
Part, 11. axial gap indicators, 12. oscillating bearing inner rings, 13. oscillating bearing outer rings, 14. axially eccentric cams, 15. is radial
Eccentric cam, 16 front end locating pieces.
Specific embodiment
Refering to fig. 1,2.According to the present invention, a positioning table 4 being fixed on base platform 6 is prepared, it is fixed to be fixed on
Centering locating piece in 4 rectangular channel of workbench of position, indicates the radial clearance indicator 9 and axial gap indicator of measured workpiece 10
11；The radial alignment V-block 7 of an abutting front end locating piece 16 is fixed in the front end of the rectangular channel and relatively radially to middle V
The axial compression centering V-block 3 of type block 7, to form opposite symmetrical V-arrangement positioning hole groove；7 backside of radial alignment V-block is with before
The radial force screw rod 8 that perpendicular positioning workbench 4 is equipped between locating piece 16 is held, the longitudinal thickness direction of base platform 6 is formed with
It connects above-mentioned axial-radial centering V-block 7 and/or compresses the axial force distribution screw rod 5 of centering V-block 3；7 He of radial alignment V-block
Axial compression centering V-block 3 passes through the longitudinal axial direction being assemblied in 6 platform screw hole of pedestal of the connection downwards of positioning table 4 respectively
Exert a force screw rod 5, and it is fixed that measured workpiece 10 is fixed on by 12 end-face hole of oscillating bearing inner ring by the clamp nut 2 on interchangeable mandrel 1
On the workbench 4 of position, axial force distribution screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8 drive its lower connected axially eccentric cam 14 and diameter respectively
To eccentric cam 15；Axially eccentric cam 14, radial disbalance cam 15 are rotated in axial force distribution screw rod 5 and radial force screw rod 8
Under, axially eccentric cam 14 rotates horizontally movement, and radial disbalance cam 15 generates upper and lower rotary motion, drives positioning table 4
It generates upper and lower and is moved forward and backward, the radial clearance indicator 9 of 16 horizontal plane of front end locating piece is set and is arranged in oscillating bearing
The axial gap indicator 11 of 12 top of inner ring obtains the measurement result of 10 axis of measured workpiece, radial clearance.Radial force screw rod 8
It is connected in radial disbalance cam 15, radial disbalance cam 15 is of coupled connections 9 water-level contact of radial clearance indicator.Axial gap refers to
Show device 11 by the L bracket being fixed in 4 a side of positioning table, 11 contact pilotage of axial gap indicator is against oscillating bearing
13 spherical surface of outer ring.Radial alignment V-block 7 and 3 bottom plate of axial compression centering V-block are perpendicular through in 4 phase of positioning table
For connecting shaft to eccentric cam 14, axial force distribution screw rod 5 is horizontal by 4 platform of positioning table, passes through radial alignment V-block 7 and axis
To the longitudinal movement for compressing 3 bottom plate screw of centering V-block control radial alignment V-block 7 and axial compression centering V-block 3.
When measurement, oscillating bearing inner ring 12 in measured workpiece 10 is first assembled into contour inside and outside spacer ring and washer and is attached to V
Shape positioning hole groove, interchangeable mandrel 1 are inserted into 12 inner hole of oscillating bearing inner ring, nut 2 are rotatably compressed, by 12 end face of oscillating bearing inner ring
It is pressed on positioning table 4, then by adjusting axial compression centering V-block 3 and radial alignment V-block 7 by measured workpiece
10 is fixed, drives radial disbalance cam 15 to do rotary motion, the radial screw rod that exerts a force to axial force distribution screw rod 5 by torque spanner respectively
8 do the measuring force that rotary motion applies measurement request with trend eccentric cam 14, realize that about 4 positioning table and front and back move
It is dynamic, it does reciprocating linear motion, measurement knot will be obtained by amesdial radial clearance indicator 9, the reading of axial gap indicator 11
Fruit.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap, have following technical characteristic: preparation one is fixed on base platform
(6) positioning table (4) on, the centering locating piece being fixed in positioning table (4) rectangular channel indicate measured workpiece (10)
Radial clearance indicator (9) and axial gap indicator (11)；It is fixed that an abutting front end is fixed in the front end of the rectangular channel
The radial alignment V-block (7) of position block (16) and relatively radially the axial compression centering V-block (3) of centering V-block (7), to be formed
Opposite symmetrical V-arrangement positioning hole groove；Perpendicular positioning work is equipped between radial alignment V-block (7) backside and front end locating piece (16)
Make radial force screw rod (8) of platform (4), the longitudinal thickness direction of base platform (6) is formed with the above-mentioned radial alignment V-block of connection
(7) and/or the axial force distribution screw rod (5) of axial compression centering V-block (3)；Radial alignment V-block (7) and axial compression centering V
Type block (3) passes through the longitudinal axial force distribution screw rod being assemblied in pedestal (6) platform screw hole of positioning table (4) connection downwards respectively
(5), measured workpiece (10) is fixed on by oscillating bearing inner ring (12) end-face hole by the clamp nut (2) on interchangeable mandrel (1)
On positioning table (4), it is axially eccentric convex that axial force distribution screw rod (5) and radially force screw rod (8) drive it to be connected down respectively
Take turns (14) and radial disbalance cam (15)；Axially eccentric cam (14), radial disbalance cam (15) in axial force distribution screw rod (5) and
Under radial force screw rod (8) rotation, axially eccentric cam (14) rotates horizontally movement, and radial disbalance cam (15) generates upper and lower
Rotary motion, driving positioning table (4) are generated upper and lower and are moved forward and backward, and the diameter in front end locating piece (16) horizontal plane is arranged
Measured workpiece is obtained to gap indicator (9) and the axial gap indicator (11) being arranged above oscillating bearing inner ring (12)
(10) axis, radial clearance measurement result.
2. the method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: radial force screw rod (8)
It is connected in radial disbalance cam (15), radial disbalance cam (15) is of coupled connections radial clearance indicator (9) water-level contact.
3. the method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: axial gap indicator
(11) by the L bracket being fixed in positioning table (4) a side, axial gap indicator (11) contact pilotage abuts joint shaft
Bearing outer-ring (13) spherical surface.
4. the method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: radial alignment V-block (7)
With the bottom plate of axial compression centering V-block (3), perpendicular through positioning table (4) be connected axially eccentric cam (14),
Axial force distribution screw rod (5) is horizontal by positioning table (4) platform, passes through radial alignment V-block (7) and axial compression centering V
The plate screw of type block (3) bottom controls the longitudinal movement of radial alignment V-block (7) and axial compression centering V-block (3).
5. the method in quickly detection oscillating bearing gap as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when measurement, measured workpiece
(10) oscillating bearing inner ring (12) assembles contour inside and outside spacer ring in, and washer is mounted in V-arrangement positioning hole groove, interchangeable mandrel (1) insertion
Oscillating bearing inner ring (12) end face is pressed on positioning table (4) by oscillating bearing inner ring (12) inner hole, clamp nut (2),
Axial compression centering V-block (3) and radial alignment V-block (7) are fixed by measured workpiece (10), axial force distribution screw rod (5) and diameter
Its lower connected axially eccentric cam (14) and radial disbalance cam (15) is driven to do rotary motion respectively to force screw rod (8),
Apply the measuring force of measurement request, realizes positioning table (4) up and down and front and back linear reciprocating motion, it will be by amesdial radial direction
Gap indicator (9), axial gap indicator (11) reading obtain measurement result.
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| CN105588718A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-18 | 吉林大学 | Machine tool spindle comprehensive property detection/monitoring test system and method |
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