CN1076647A - A kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1076647A CN1076647A CN 93100598 CN93100598A CN1076647A CN 1076647 A CN1076647 A CN 1076647A CN 93100598 CN93100598 CN 93100598 CN 93100598 A CN93100598 A CN 93100598A CN 1076647 A CN1076647 A CN 1076647A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method.The friction welding (FW) process is finished on the Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine, and stainless steel tube is a round end, and copper pipe is a stiff end.Totally-enclosed pressurize chamber is settled in the outside, copper pipe end, settles fixedly conic mandrel bar in the pipe, welds by the friction welding technological standard of determining.Determine pressurize chamber and plug size with the compression ratio computing formula.The welding of employing this method under the condition that guarantees the various mechanical performances of welding point, is carried out moulding control in the joint, and the inner nosepiece wall overlap is few, smooth smooth, can guarantee that there is big as far as possible interior latus rectum the joint, and interior latus rectum can reach 90～97%.
Description
The present invention relates to the friction butt welding between foreign material.
Friction welding (FW) production both at home and abroad for many years, studies show that, copper and stainless steel are because both thermophysical property, mechanical performance comprises that elevated temperature strength differs very big, in the friction welding (FW) process as do not controlled, the copper that intensity is low will be extruded rubbing surface and form a large amount of overlaps, take away heat, increase material consumption, can not guarantee that joint obtains higher bonding strength.For the friction butt welding between copper-rod iron material, employing is at present installed the sealing pressurization of pressurize chamber in the copper rod outside and is finished.The copper rod diameter that needs butt welding except the pressurize chamber is installed is processed into garden awl or garden taper type greater than rod iron diameter 10～25% before the weldering of rod iron butt welding end face.This method is inapplicable to the copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe butt joint with diameter.The weldering difference that rubs of docking between the butt joint friction welding (FW) between the pipe and the bar is that also the mobile while of metal in the friction welding (FW) process carries out to the inside and outside both sides of pipe, makes that latus rectum diminishes in the pipe, and interior moulding destroys.To the friction welding (FW) between the foreign material of tubule footpath, mainly be to adopt the mach method of postwelding to remove and the interior burr of cleaning at present.U.S. US4331280, patent is introduced φ 8 millimeters * 1 millimeter tube wall thickness～φ 6.35 millimeters * 0.8 millimeter tube wall thickness copper-aluminum pipe friction welding (FW) the copper pipe end face is processed into the inclined-plane of certain angle, and friction is carried out on the inclined-plane, and interior latus rectum can reach 70%.Latus rectum is less than normal in this result, and method only is suitable for the copper-aluminum pipe of little caliber.Owing to above reason, although friction welding (FW) has the productivity ratio height, steady quality is specially adapted to the advantage that foreign material welds.But molding control method is blank at home in Data acquisition, copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding (FW) reaches, and does not also see the special topic report abroad in the available data.
The present invention is the deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned welding method and equipment existence, design moulding copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method and equipment in a kind of the control, guaranteeing under the various mechanical performance conditions of welding point to reach, inner nosepiece wall inwall overlap is few, smooth smooth, φ 8 millimeters * 1 millimeter tube wall thickness～φ 25 millimeters * 2 millimeter tube wall thickness pipe welding point places there is the purpose of big as far as possible interior latus rectum.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus comprises: taper plug (1), and pad (2), by bit copper pipe (3), pressurize chamber (4).Before weldering,, use with rub heat-resisting, the anti-material that wastes of solderability difference of copper, stainless steel and make totally-enclosed pressurize chamber according to the external diameter of different tubing.Make stationary core rod in the pipe with certain taper with the material of above-mentioned performance according to pipe internal diameter.Taper plug (1) is divided into four parts: the supporting section L1 of taper plug; The Cylinder section L2 of taper plug; The taper work section L3 of taper plug; The extension L4 of conic mandrel bar section L3.Pressurize chamber (4) is divided into two sections: the gripping section B section of the active section A section in totally enclosed pressurize chamber (4) and pressurize chamber (4), its internal diameter is a straight garden tube, 45 ° cone angle and the transition of B section are arranged at the bottom, and A section internal diameter is slightly larger than by the gripping section B section in welded tube external diameter pressurize chamber (4) and cuts open along the pressurize cavity diameter, the bottom has a through hole near the A section along cavity diameter, and its internal diameter equals or is slightly larger than by the external diameter of bit copper pipe (3).Fixedly taper plug semi-cone angle α is 0.3～1.5 °.Taper plug (1) and pressurize chamber (4) comprise spheroidal graphite cast-iron and chrome-molybdenum steel by making with heat-resisting, the high-abrasive material of copper-stainless-steel friction solderability difference.The friction welding (FW) process is to carry out on the Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine, pressurize chamber diameter, fixedly taper diameter of mandrel and tapering according to by welded tube footpath specification and in the latus rectum requirement, wherein a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method:
Overall compression ratio=[interval area/tubing sectional area that 1-is total] * 100%;
Inboard allocations ratio=[inboard interval area/total backlash area] * 100%;
Outside allocations ratio=[outside interval area/total backlash area] * 100%;
The overall compression ratio that satisfies a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method is 10～70(%); Inboard allocations ratio is 6～40(%); Outside allocations ratio is 60～95(%).Determine the internal diameter of pressurize chamber (4) then by inside and outside side clearance distribution ratio and compression ratio formula result of calculation, the external diameter of taper plug (1), by the external diameter of bit copper pipe (3), by the internal diameter of welding steel pipe, by the interior latus rectum of welded tube, the friction welding (FW) process is finished on the Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine, and stainless steel tube is a round end, is stiff end by bit copper pipe (3).Settled totally-enclosed pressurize chamber (4) by the outside of bit copper pipe (3), settled fixedly conic mandrel bar (1) in the bit copper pipe (3).Coat a small amount of graphite and machine oil mixed liquor during arrangement on pressurize chamber and plug, then weld by following friction welding process parameter, a kind of technological parameter of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding (FW) is:
Spindle revolutions is 1250～2500(rev/min);
Friction pressure is 68～250MPa;
Upsetting force is 160～360MPa;
Work speed is 1.5～4 mm/second;
Fraction time is 2～5 seconds;
Extension elongation behind the stainless steel tube clamping=A segment length+10 millimeter;
Copper pipe goes out modulus and is-2～5 millimeters.
After welding, unclamp anchor clamps, withdraw from taper plug (1) and get final product.
Advantage of the present invention and effect:
1: be applicable to φ 8 millimeters * 1 millimeter tube wall thickness～φ 25 millimeters * 2 millimeter tube wall thickness all size copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding (FW) production processes, under the condition that guarantees the various mechanical performances of welding point, carry out moulding control in the joint.2: adopt overlap flow and shape in the fixedly taper plug restriction, change the size of controlling interior moulding latus rectum by different semi-cone angle α on the fixing taper plug, the gained inner nosepiece wall is smooth, and interior latus rectum can reach 90～97%.3: select for use and copper, heat-resisting, the high-abrasive material of stainless steel friction solderability difference are made pressurize chamber and taper plug, coat lubricant before the weldering, the inside and outside overlap of extruding in the reduction welding process and the friction of pressurize chamber (4) and taper plug (1), prevent to burn chamber and sticking to mould, improve the service life of equipment.4: help postwelding taper plug (1) and withdraw from, the taking-up of the pipe that welding is good.5: calculate definite pressurize chamber and taper plug size by the compression ratio formula, be equipped with suitable welding condition again, strength of welded joint is higher than copper base metal, and anti-bending strength is good.
Fig. 1 is the mounting structure schematic diagram.
Among Fig. 1: taper plug (1), pad (2), be that extension, the taper plug semi-cone angle of conic mandrel bar section L3 is α by bit copper pipe (3), pressurize chamber (4), A section are the active section of pressurize chamber (4), gripping section that the B section is pressurize chamber (4), L1 is the taper plug supporting section, Cylinder section that L2 is the taper plug, taper work section, L4 that L3 is the taper plug.
That the invention will be further described is as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1:
1, workpiece is handled before the weldering: will be flat before the weldering by bit copper pipe (3) and stainless steel tube end face car, remove oil, rust, water, oxide skin.Show out metallic luster with the emery cloth abrasive end again before facing weldering.
2, pressurize chamber (4) shape and riding position: welded stainless steel tube is placed in friction-welding machine by collet or other installation way round end.Be placed in non-rotating stiff end by bit copper pipe (3), be equipped with pressurize chamber (4) by bit copper pipe (3) outside.The A section is the active section of pressurize chamber (4), is totally enclosed type.Internal diameter is garden tube always, and one 45 ° cone angle and the transition of B section are arranged at the bottom.A section internal diameter is slightly larger than by the welded tube external diameter and between the welded tube external diameter certain clearance is arranged, and its size depends on welded piece diameter and wall thickness, determines than formula by outside allocations.Totally enclosed type pressurize chamber (4) evenly distributes the outer overlap that produces in the friction welding (FW) process and is limited in the external series gap, helps improving friction pressure and makes end force even, has guaranteed the consistent rapidly heating of end face, thereby has obtained stay-in-grade seam effect.Wall thickness between pressurize chamber (4) external diameter and the internal diameter is got 4～6 times by the welded tube wall thickness.The B section is the gripping section of pressurize chamber (4), with the A section be one, internal diameter equals or is slightly larger than by bit copper pipe (3) external diameter.This section is milled along the pressurize cavity diameter with spark machined or 1 millimeter garden dish and is cut open, the V-type chuck of the non-rotating fixedly translation of friction-welding machine end is clamped in the B section, will be by bit copper pipe (3) clamping in case pipe rotation and mobile in the friction welding process by the closure of machining gap.B section bottom has the through hole of 3 millimeters of φ～4 millimeters thickness of pipe to be used for crack arrest and is convenient to clamping along cavity diameter near the A section.
3, taper plug shape and riding position, taper plug (1) are placed on by in the bit copper pipe (3).Taper plug (1) can be divided into four parts according to its profile and effect.
[1] L1 is the supporting section of taper plug, is supported on the Mobile Slide rear portion, prevents that taper plug (1) from axial float taking place in welding process.
[2] L2 is the Cylinder section of taper plug, and external diameter is equal to or slightly less than by the internal diameter of bit copper pipe (3), and length slightly is shorter than by bit copper pipe (3), by the thickness of adjusting pad (2) the L2 high order end is positioned near the last position that forms of weld seam.
[3] L3 is the taper work section of taper plug, and L3 and L2 intersection are near the bottom of pressurize chamber (4) A section.From taper plug (1) is tapered here, the gap of it and inside pipe wall just in the overlap gap of flowing, be the groundwork section, add and to guarantee high fineness and little form and position tolerance man-hour, stationary core rod semi-cone angle α is respectively: 0.3 °, and 1.0 °, 1.5 °.Coat a little lubricant (graphite adds machine oil) before the weldering.
[4] L4 is the extension of conic mandrel bar section L3, is about 25 millimeters.Effect is that the interior overlap of extruding and roll is limited between the gap of the internal diameter of stainless steel tube and its conical surface, is convenient to postwelding taper plug (1) and withdraws from.Evenly the overlap of resistance to compression between L4 and bore helps reducing the vibration of pipe, and it is steady to help welding process.
4, interior external series gap compression ratio distribution formula:
Inboard allocations ratio=[inboard interval area/total backlash area] * 100%
Outside allocations ratio=[outside interval area/total backlash area] * 100%
Overall compression ratio=[interval area/tubing sectional area that 1-is total] * 100%
Be applicable to that the present invention is respectively the inboard allocations ratio of the copper-stainless-steel pipe butt welding of φ 8 millimeters * 1 millimeter tube wall thickness～φ 25 millimeters * 2 millimeter tube wall thickness: 6%, 15%, 30%, 40%.
Outside allocations ratio is respectively: 60%, 75%, 85%, 95%.
Overall compression ratio is respectively: 10%, 25%, 40%, 55%, 64%, 70%.
5, friction welding (FW) standard parameter
Spindle revolutions is respectively: 1250 rev/mins, 1650 rev/mins, 1950 rev/mins, 2250 rev/mins, 2500 rev/mins.
Friction pressure is respectively: 68MPa, 100MPa, 150MPa, 200MPa, 250MPa.
Upsetting force is respectively: 160MPa, 210MPa, 285MPa, 305MPa, 335MPa, 360MPa.
Work speed is respectively: 1.5 mm/second, 2.0 mm/second, 3.0 mm/second, 3.5 mm/second, 4.0 mm/second.
Fraction time is respectively: 2 seconds, 3 seconds, 4 seconds, 5 seconds.
Extension elongation behind the stainless steel tube clamping=pressurize chamber A section+10 millimeters.
Copper pipe goes out modulus (stretching out the pressurize chamber) and is respectively :-2 millimeters ,-1 millimeter, 0 millimeter, 1 millimeter, 2 millimeters, 3 millimeters, 4 millimeters, 5 millimeters.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus is characterized in that: a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus comprises taper plug (1), and pad (2) is by bit copper pipe (3) and pressurize chamber (4).
2, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
A: taper plug (1) is divided into four parts: the supporting section L1 of taper plug; The Cylinder section L3 of taper plug; The extension L4 of conic mandrel bar section L3;
B: pressurize chamber (4) are divided into two sections: the gripping section B section of the active section A section in totally enclosed pressurize chamber (4) and pressurize chamber (4), its internal diameter is a straight garden tube, 45 ° cone angle and the transition of B section are arranged at the bottom, and A section internal diameter is slightly larger than by the gripping section B section in welded tube external diameter pressurize chamber (4) and cuts open along the pressurize cavity diameter, the bottom has a through hole near the A section along cavity diameter, and its internal diameter equals or is slightly larger than by the external diameter of bit copper pipe (3).
3, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: fixedly taper plug semi-cone angle α is 0.3～1.5 °.
4, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: taper plug (1) and pressurize chamber (4) comprise spheroidal graphite cast-iron and chrome-molybdenum steel by making with heat-resisting, the high-abrasive material of copper-stainless-steel friction solderability difference.
5, according to claim 1 or 2, the method of a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus that is suitable for, it is characterized in that: workpiece preliminary treatment before the weldering, regulate the overall compression ratio that the friction welding (FW) process is used, inboard allocations ratio, outside allocations ratio, taper plug (1) is placed on by in the bit copper pipe (3), lay pressurize chamber (4), carry out the friction welding (FW) process on the Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine, postwelding withdraws from taper plug (1).
6, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the overall compression ratio that the friction welding (FW) process is used is adjusted to 10～70(%), inboard allocations ratio is adjusted to 6～40(%), and allocations ratio in the outside is adjusted to 60～95(%)
7, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
A: overall compression ratio=[interval area/tubing sectional area that 1-is total] * 100%;
Inboard allocations ratio=[inboard interval area/total backlash area] * 100%;
Outside allocations ratio=[outside interval area/total backlash area] * 100%;
B: the internal diameter of pressurize chamber (4), the external diameter of taper plug (1) by the external diameter of bit copper pipe (3), by the internal diameter of welding steel pipe, by the interior latus rectum of welded tube, satisfies the requirement of inside and outside side clearance distribution ratio and compression ratio formula.
8, a kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the friction welding (FW) standard parameter:
Spindle revolutions is 1250～2500(rev/min);
Friction pressure is 68～250MPa;
Upsetting force is 160～360MPa;
Work speed is 1.5～4 mm/second;
Fraction time is 2～5 seconds;
Extension elongation behind the stainless steel tube clamping=A segment length+10 millimeter;
Copper pipe goes out modulus and is-2～5 millimeters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93100598 CN1076647A (en) | 1993-02-01 | 1993-02-01 | A kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93100598 CN1076647A (en) | 1993-02-01 | 1993-02-01 | A kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus and method |
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| CN1076647A true CN1076647A (en) | 1993-09-29 |
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| CN 93100598 Pending CN1076647A (en) | 1993-02-01 | 1993-02-01 | A kind of copper-stainless-steel thin-wall pipe friction welding apparatus and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101153652B (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2010-06-02 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Bonding structures for containers, torque converter shell and method of bonding same |
| CN105127582A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-09 | 姜海 | Composite sealing device and sealing method for thin-walled aluminum alloy tube end |
-
1993
- 1993-02-01 CN CN 93100598 patent/CN1076647A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101153652B (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2010-06-02 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Bonding structures for containers, torque converter shell and method of bonding same |
| CN105127582A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-09 | 姜海 | Composite sealing device and sealing method for thin-walled aluminum alloy tube end |
| CN105127582B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-01-23 | 宣城市健龙橡塑密封件有限公司 | A kind of thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe end composite seal device and encapsulating method |
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