CN107620005A - A kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck - Google Patents
A kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN107620005A CN107620005A CN201710761316.6A CN201710761316A CN107620005A CN 107620005 A CN107620005 A CN 107620005A CN 201710761316 A CN201710761316 A CN 201710761316A CN 107620005 A CN107620005 A CN 107620005A
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- forklift truck
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fork truck accessory, more particularly to a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck, belong to mechanical manufacturing field.Fork of forklift truck of the present invention is made up of steel material, and the steel material includes the composition of following percentage by weight：C：0.25 0.30%, Si:0.20 0.30%, Mn:0.75 0.95%, Ce：0.01 0.015%, MgB2：0.1 0.2%, Al：0.01 0.02%, P:≤ 0.03%, S：≤ 0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.Ce, MgB are added in the steel composition of high intensity fork of forklift truck of the present invention2With Al elements, and using the rational coating of compatibility and specific post processing and Technology for Heating Processing are combined, can make obtained fork of forklift truck that there is high intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fork truck accessory, more particularly to a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck, belong to mechanical manufacturing field.
Background technology
Pallet fork is the accessory of fork truck, equivalent to the manipulator being mounted on fork truck, fork truck is turned into a kind of multipurpose high-efficiency
The material handbarrow of rate, substantially any envisioned moving object can be pitched, press from both sides, push away, drawing, sidesway and rotation etc.
Operation, so as to improve logistic efficiency, production cost is reduced, avoids product breakage, saves storage space.Fork of forklift truck extensive use
In storage, papermaking, packaging, printing, tobacco, household electrical appliances, wine and beverage, velvet apple weaving, port and pier, railway, automobile making, steel
The industries such as smelting, chemical industry and building.
Usual fork truck is equipped with two identical pallet forks, and its stress is big, and requires that section is small, in light weight, but as fork truck
Important component, the quality of pallet fork, performance and security in use increasingly cause the concern of people.At present, pallet fork
Fracture accident still can occur in use, and mostly occur in welding position, belong to brittle fracture, to production and safety
All bring certain influence.Therefore, in order to improve the quality of pallet fork, it is necessary in design to the material of fork of forklift truck, manufacture
Etc. making further modification.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following scheme：A kind of fork of forklift truck, the fork of forklift truck is by steel material
It is made, the steel material includes the composition of following percentage by weight：C：0.25-0.30%, Si:0.20-0.30%, Mn:
0.75-0.95%, Ce：0.01-0.015%, MgB2：0.1-0.2%, Al：0.01-0.02%, P:≤ 0.03%, S：≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention adds Ce elements in steel, and the degree of supercooling of molten steel can be improved by adding Ce, in certain degree of supercooling model
In enclosing, as the increase of degree of supercooling, nuclear driving force are also bigger so that nucleation rate and coarsening rate all increase, but nucleation rate
Growth rate to be generally faster than the coarsening rate of crystal grain, therefore crystal grain increasing number in unit volume, reduce crystallite dimension.
Ce is added in steel, substantially reduces the size of field trash, generates being distributed in for many tiny spherical rare-earth field trash disperses
In molten steel, equiax crystal is provided for heterogeneous nucleation；In addition, micro Ce elements are dissolved in molten steel, pass through in cooling procedure
Chemical reaction forms solid-phase compound particle, can also turn into Heterogeneous Nucleation particle.Therefore, nucleus increasing number, nucleation rate
Increase, in addition, in steel Dispersed precipitate tiny re inclusion, moreover it is possible to hinder growing up for nucleus, reduce the speed of growing up of crystal grain
Degree, so as to effectively reduce crystallite dimension.
The present invention adds MgB in steel2And Al, add MgB2Can be reacted life with the CO gases of micro generation
Into MgO and B2O3, the MgO of generation can be with Al2O3Continue reaction generation MgAl2O4, meanwhile, the B of generation2O3With Al2O3Reaction life
Into Al18B4O3, MgAl2O4The structure of steel can be strengthened, the porosity is reduced, so as to improve the inoxidizability of steel；And generate
Al18B4O33, surface of metal particles is covered in, reduces apparent porosity, dense protective layer is formed, prevents the intrusion of oxygen；And
Containing B2O3With Al2O3Liquid phase, be filled with stomata, plug the diffusion admittance of gas, so as to play antioxidation.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, described fork of forklift truck after Steel material melting by will be poured into multilayer
It is made in overall shell.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, described multilayer entirety shell is made by the following method：In advance into
Coating is immersed on the fusible wax pattern surface of type, and taking-up turns to no piling, drippage, then stucco, repeats 2-5 times and is calcined system
.
The present invention prepares high intensity fork of forklift truck using the above method, and the fork of forklift truck dimensional accuracy that can make to obtain is high, table
Surface roughness is low and increases the free degree of casting structure design, and using the method loose sand consolidation of the present invention, simplifies casting life
Process is produced, improves labor productivity.
Wherein, the coating includes the component of following parts by weight：Binding agent：40-50 parts, refractory material：10-20 parts, hang
Floating agent：5-10 parts, other auxiliary agents：5-10 parts；The preparation method of coating is：Binding agent is poured into L-type coating agitator, unlatching is stirred
Machine is mixed, is slowly added to fire resistant infilling, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, stirs 3-4h；
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the mixing speed of the mixer is 40-60r/min.The present invention adopts
With the purpose of stirring fully to contact binding agent and fire resistant infilling, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, the coating of function admirable is made.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the binding agent is waterglass, and refractory material is the aluminium alum of pretreatment
Soil sand, suspending agent are lithium bentonite, and other auxiliary agents include the component of following parts by weight：Wetting agent 5-10 parts, defoamer 5-10
Part.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the pre-treatment step of the bauxite powder includes washing, broken, sieve
Point, magnetic separation, hydromagnetic choosing, drying.Bauxite powder is pre-processed, can make the bauxite powder coefficient of expansion is small, refractoriness is high, change
It is good to learn stability, so as to improve casting qualified rate, reduce casting cost.
The stucco of the invention after coating is coated with, stucco can prevent coating to be lost in, and be also prevented from receiving when coating is dried
Contract and form crackle, and be advantageous to improve shell gas permeability.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the temperature of the roasting is 700-850 DEG C, time 2-4h.
The purpose of Baking is moisture removal, remaining mould material, sodium salt and the volatile matter such as saponified, to reduce shell
Gas-forming property and its gas permeability is improved, improve the phase composition of shell thing to improve its high-temperature behavior, be easy to hot shell to pour into a mould, to improve cast
The stowage capacity of molten steel.Sintering temperature and time are that sintering temperature is too low, and the time is too short an important factor for influenceing roasting quality,
Roasting is incomplete, and the performance such as the slight of shell, toughness, gas permeability is difficult to ensure that；Baking overlong time, temperature is too high, meeting
The mechanical property and high-temperature behavior of shell are influenceed, also results in the waste of the energy.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the cleaning includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, beaten
Mill.
In a kind of above-mentioned high intensity fork of forklift truck, the heat treatment includes normalizing and tempering.
Normalizing the performance of fork of forklift truck made from improvement, can obtain the tissue close to poised state with thinning microstructure.Tempering
It is that the casting after quenching is heated to a certain temperature below critical-temperature, held for some time, is then cooled to the heat of room temperature
Handling process because the hardness of casting is high after quenching, fragility is big, directly using brittle failure often occurs, can be reduced by being tempered or
Eliminate internal stress, reduce fragility, improve toughness；On the other hand the mechanical property and performance of casting after quenching can be adjusted.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has has beneficial effect as follows：
1st, Ce, MgB are added in the steel composition of high intensity fork of forklift truck of the present invention2With Al elements, not entering to refine
Grain size, moreover it is possible to strengthen the structure of steel, the porosity is reduced, so as to improve the inoxidizability of steel；
2nd, high intensity fork of forklift truck of the present invention is lost waxed standby using fusible pattern, can make obtained fork of forklift truck dimensional accuracy it is high,
Surface roughness is low and increases the free degree of casting structure design, and using the method loose sand consolidation of the present invention, binder free, letter
Change castings production process, improve labor productivity；
3rd, high intensity fork of forklift truck of the present invention using the rational coating of compatibility and combines specific post processing and heat treatment work
Skill, it can make obtained fork of forklift truck that there is high intensity.
Embodiment
It is the specific embodiment of the present invention below, technical scheme is further described, but the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to these embodiments.
Table 1：Embodiment 1-5 fork of forklift truck Steel material forms
Embodiment 1
Waterglass is poured into L-type coating agitator, opens mixer, is slowly added to pre-process in the case where rotating speed is 40r/min
Bauxite sand, lithium bentonite and other auxiliary agents, stirring 3h obtain coating, the component of coating is：Waterglass：40 parts, bauxite
Sand：10 parts, lithium bentonite：5 parts, 2 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of defoamer；Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, is taken
Go out and slowly turn to no piling, drippage, then stucco is so that sand grains uniform adhesion on coating, is repeated 2 times simultaneously according to this
Carry out being calcined obtained multilayer entirety shell, wherein, the temperature of roasting is 700 DEG C, time 2h；Goods will be prepared in the embodiment 1 of table 1
The raw material of fork is smelted into pouring molten steel in the shell after roasting, is taken out after cooling, obtains fork of forklift truck casting；Fork of forklift truck is cast
Fork of forklift truck finished product is cleared up and be thermally treated resulting in part；Wherein, cleaning includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, beaten
Mill, heat treatment include normalizing and tempering.
Embodiment 2
Binding agent is poured into L-type coating agitator, opens mixer, fire proofed wood is slowly added in the case where rotating speed is 44r/min
Material, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, stirring 3.2h obtain coating, and the component of coating is：Waterglass：42 parts, bauxite sand：12 parts, lithium
Base bentonite：6 parts, 3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of defoamer；Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, taking-up slowly rotates
To without piling, drippage, then stucco is so that sand grains uniform adhesion on coating, is repeated 3 times and carries out roasting system according to this
Multilayer monolithic devices shell is obtained, wherein, the temperature of roasting is 730 DEG C, time 2.4h；The raw material of pallet fork will be prepared in the embodiment 2 of table 1
Pouring molten steel is smelted into the shell after roasting, is taken out after cooling, obtains fork of forklift truck casting；Fork of forklift truck casting is carried out clear
Manage and be thermally treated resulting in fork of forklift truck finished product；Wherein, clearing up includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, polishing, at heat
Reason includes normalizing and tempering.
Embodiment 3
Binding agent is poured into L-type coating agitator, opens mixer, fire proofed wood is slowly added in the case where rotating speed is 48r/min
Material, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, stirring 3.4h obtain coating, and the component of coating is：Waterglass：45 parts, bauxite sand：15 parts, lithium
Base bentonite：8 parts, 4 parts of wetting agent, 4 parts of defoamer；Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, taking-up slowly rotates
To without piling, drippage, then stucco is so that sand grains uniform adhesion on coating, is repeated 4 times and carries out roasting system according to this
Multilayer monolithic devices shell is obtained, wherein, the temperature of roasting is 780 DEG C, time 2.8h；The raw material of pallet fork will be prepared in the embodiment 3 of table 1
Pouring molten steel is smelted into the shell after roasting, is taken out after cooling, obtains fork of forklift truck casting；Fork of forklift truck casting is carried out clear
Manage and be thermally treated resulting in fork of forklift truck finished product；Wherein, clearing up includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, polishing, at heat
Reason includes normalizing and tempering.
Embodiment 4
Binding agent is poured into L-type coating agitator, opens mixer, fire proofed wood is slowly added in the case where rotating speed is 55r/min
Material, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, stirring 3.7h obtain coating, and the component of coating is：Waterglass：47 parts, bauxite sand：17 parts, lithium
Base bentonite：9 parts, 5 parts of wetting agent, 4 parts of defoamer；Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, taking-up slowly rotates
To without piling, drippage, then stucco is so that sand grains uniform adhesion on coating, is repeated 4 times and carries out roasting system according to this
Multilayer monolithic devices shell is obtained, wherein, the temperature of roasting is 810 DEG C, time 3.5h；The raw material of pallet fork will be prepared in the embodiment 4 of table 1
Pouring molten steel is smelted into the shell after roasting, is taken out after cooling, obtains fork of forklift truck casting；Fork of forklift truck casting is carried out clear
Manage and be thermally treated resulting in fork of forklift truck finished product；Wherein, clearing up includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, polishing, at heat
Reason includes normalizing and tempering.
Embodiment 5
Binding agent is poured into L-type coating agitator, opens mixer, fire proofed wood is slowly added in the case where rotating speed is 60r/min
Material, suspending agent and other auxiliary agents, stirring 4h obtain coating, and the component of coating is：Waterglass：50 parts, bauxite sand：50 parts, lithium base
Bentonite：10 parts, 5 parts of wetting agent, 5 parts of defoamer；Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, taking-up slowly turns to
Without piling, drippage, then stucco so that sand grains uniform adhesion on coating, be repeated 5 times according to this and carry out roasting be made
Multilayer entirety shell, wherein, the temperature of roasting is 850 DEG C, time 4h；The raw material melting of pallet fork will be prepared in the embodiment 5 of table 1
Into pouring molten steel in the shell after roasting, taken out after cooling, obtain fork of forklift truck casting；To fork of forklift truck casting carry out cleaning and
It is thermally treated resulting in fork of forklift truck finished product；Wherein, cleaning includes sand removal, sanding wheel, ball blast, polishing, repair welding, polishing, heat treatment bag
Include normalizing and tempering.
Comparative example 1
With differing only in for embodiment 1, C content is 0.35% in the comparative example fork of forklift truck, other and the phase of embodiment 1
Together, here is omitted.
Comparative example 2
With differing only in for embodiment 1, MgB is free of in the comparative example fork of forklift truck2, other are same as Example 1, this
Place repeats no more.
Comparative example 3
With differing only in for embodiment 1, Al is free of in the comparative example fork of forklift truck, other are same as Example 1, herein
Repeat no more.
Comparative example 4
With differing only in for embodiment 1, the temperature being calcined in the comparative example fork of forklift truck is 680 DEG C, other and implementation
Example 1 is identical, and here is omitted.
Comparative example 5
With differing only in for embodiment 1, heat treatment step is not included in the comparative example fork of forklift truck, other and embodiment
1 is identical, and here is omitted.
Performance detection is carried out to above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5 fork of forklift truck, test result is shown in Table 2.
Table 2：Embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5 fork of forklift truck performance test results
From the embodiment of the present invention and numerous comparative examples, it is apparent that the steel composition of high intensity fork of forklift truck of the present invention
In add Ce, MgB2With Al elements, not entering being capable of crystal grain thinning size, moreover it is possible to and strengthen the structure of steel, reduce the porosity, from
And improve the inoxidizability of steel；And the present invention lost using fusible pattern it is waxed standby, can make obtained fork of forklift truck dimensional accuracy it is high,
Surface roughness is low and increases the free degree of casting structure design.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, but simultaneously
Do not deviate by the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
It is skilled to this area although having been made a detailed description to the present invention and being cited some specific embodiments
For technical staff, as long as it is obvious that can make various changes or correct without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high intensity fork truck lorry, it is characterised in that the fork of forklift truck is made up of steel material, the steel material bag
Include the composition of following percentage by weight：C：0.25-0.30%, Si:0.20-0.30%, Mn:0.75-0.95%, Ce：0.01-
0.015%, MgB2：0.1-0.2%, Al：0.01-0.02%, P:≤ 0.03%, S：≤ 0.03%, surplus is Fe and can not kept away
The impurity exempted from.
2. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fork of forklift truck is by by steel
It is poured into multilayer entirety shell and is made after material melting.
3. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described multilayer entirety shell passes through
Following method is made：Coating is immersed on preforming fusible wax pattern surface, taking-up turns to no piling, drippage, then spread
Sand, repeat 2-5 times and be calcined to be made.
4. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the coating includes following parts by weight
Component：Binding agent：40-50 parts, refractory material：10-20 parts, suspending agent：5-10 parts, other auxiliary agents：5-10 parts.
5. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the binding agent is waterglass, resistance to
Fiery material is the bauxite sand of pretreatment, and suspending agent is lithium bentonite, and other auxiliary agents include the component of following parts by weight：Wetting
Agent 5-10 parts, defoamer 5-10 parts.
6. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the temperature of the roasting is 700-
850 DEG C, time 2-4h.
7. a kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the heat treatment includes normalizing and returned
Fire.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710761316.6A CN107620005A (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | A kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710761316.6A CN107620005A (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | A kind of high intensity fork of forklift truck |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108705069A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-26 | 辽宁福鞍重工股份有限公司 | A kind of finishing process of monoblock cast heavy type combustion engine steering frame |
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| CN108705069A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-26 | 辽宁福鞍重工股份有限公司 | A kind of finishing process of monoblock cast heavy type combustion engine steering frame |
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