CN107559366A - A kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly - Google Patents
A kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN107559366A CN107559366A CN201710827997.1A CN201710827997A CN107559366A CN 107559366 A CN107559366 A CN 107559366A CN 201710827997 A CN201710827997 A CN 201710827997A CN 107559366 A CN107559366 A CN 107559366A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly, including the main spring body of FRP composites, preceding grasswort, preceding external bushing, preceding neck bush, front axle tube, upper cover plate, lower bolster, rear grasswort, rear external bushing, rear neck bush, rear axle tube, FRP composite auxiliary springs body, central pin shaft and wearing plate.The sky of vehicle, the bearing capacity of full load condition and ride comfort are taken into account and met to FRP composite major-minor spring assemblies；FRP composite material plate springs will not once complete rupture, ensure the security of vehicle traveling；The weight of plate spring suspension brackets is greatly reduced, improves fuel oil effect；Improve the ride comfort of vehicle traveling；Improve the structure of FRP composite material plate springs body and metal connecting piece, the reliability for improving longitudinal FRP composite material plate springs improves the life-span of longitudinal plate spring suspension brackets, do not have to change flexible member as leaf spring in the range of vehicle service life, significantly reduce leaf spring use cost；Gap is small between upper cover plate and lower bolster and U bolt, effectively prevents the swing of back axle stress, improves the stability of vehicle traveling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to leaf springs of car technical field, particularly relates to a kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly.
Background technology
Leaf spring can be with longitudinal or horizontal on automobile.The latter is because longitudinal force will be transmitted, it is necessary to set additional
Load transfer device is oriented to, increases complicated, quality, so only being applied in a small number of light, minicars.Longitudinal leaf spring energy
Various power and torque are transmitted, there is guide function, and it is simple in construction, therefore be used widely on automobile.
Composite is that two or more combinations of materials combine together, by effective interface between material, performance is better than
Original material.Composite species is a lot, for example reinforced concrete is also composite, and mixed mud is mother metal, and reinforcing bar is to increase
Strong material.But the composite of modern industry meaning is mainly glass fiber compound material (GFRP) and carbon fiber composite
Expect (CFRP), mother metal is plastics (or being resin), and reinforcing material is glass fibre or carbon fiber, Modern Composite Materials leaf spring
Reinforcing material is mainly glass fibre, also there is carbon fiber, and mother metal is mostly epoxy resin.
With development in science and technology, composite material plate spring is progressively used for automotive suspension spring element.What present leaf springs of car used
Composite is all FRP composites.FRP is that English Fibre-Reinforced Plastic write a Chinese character in simplified form, and literal translation is fiber reinforcement
Plastics.FRP composite specific strengths specific modulus is high, has good fatigue performance, damping vibration attenuation performance and corrosion resistance
Can, therefore, leaf spring is done using FRP composites, the ride comfort and comfortableness of vehicle can be greatly improved, and quality is only steel plate
1/4 or so of spring, fuel oil effect is not only effectively improved, also reduces unsprung mass, reduced and vibrated under spring, while the longevity
Life is 3 times of leaf spring or so, and flexible member need not be changed in the range of integeral vehicle life, and vehicle uses and maintenance cost phase
To relatively low.
FRP composite material plate spring body forming methods, including continuous fiber winding process, mould pressing process, pultrusion work
The processes such as skill, resin transfer molding technique (RTM).If pressure is low when FRP composite material plate spring sheets are body formed,
Using the easy running of composite material plate spring body of a period of time FRP, leaf spring is caused to fail.Using high-pressure resin transfer modling into
Type technique (HP-RTM), cavity pressure are up to 160 atmospheric pressure, not only ensure reliability, the performance of body, and will not running.
Present lot of domestic and international auto vendor wants to substitute existing longitudinal leaf spring with FRP composite material plate springs, still, indulged
Putting leaf spring both ends grasswort will be fixed on vehicle body by bushing, and middle part will be fixed on vehicle body by U bolt, it is necessary to passed through
The connection and fixation of metalwork, these factors necessarily cause longitudinal FRP composite material plate springs local stress big, in the company of grasswort
Occur the phenomenon of fibrous fracture on the outside of the place of connecing and U bolt, greatly influence the life-span of FRP composite material plate springs.
Be as shown in Figure 1 prior art leaf spring structural representation, including preceding grasswort 01, main spring 02, clip 03, pair
Spring 04, centre bolt 05 and rear grasswort 06；Many commercial car have unloaded, fully loaded two states, as corresponding flexible member just
There is major-minor spring structure, main spring works when unloaded, and full load major-minor spring works simultaneously.Prior art major-minor spring assembly be by
Main spring, auxiliary spring, clip and centre bolt composition, main spring is formed by stacking by the wide leaf spring of multi-disc, and auxiliary spring is also by more
The wide leaf spring of piece is formed by stacking.There is grasswort at main spring both ends, and preceding grasswort is connected with preceding main spring bracket, and rear grasswort passes through hanger
It is connected with rear main spring bracket；Auxiliary spring plane and lower arc surface of two auxiliary spring supports on both ends when by effect more energetically
Contact.
The quality of the leaf spring of prior art is big, and fuel oil effect is low, and short life, ride comfort is poor, and unsprung mass is big, spring
Lower vibration is big.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly, to solve the leaf spring of prior art
Quality it is big, fuel oil effect is low, and short life, ride comfort is poor, unsprung mass is big and spring under vibrate the problem of big.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly, including it is the main spring body of FRP composites, preceding grasswort, preceding external bushing, preceding
Neck bush, front axle tube, upper cover plate, lower bolster, rear grasswort, rear external bushing, rear neck bush, rear axle tube, FRP composite auxiliary springs
Body, central pin shaft and wearing plate；
The preceding grasswort and the rear grasswort are respectively arranged at the both ends of the main spring body of the FRP composites；Before described
External bushing, the preceding neck bush and the front axle tube may be contained within the preceding grasswort；External bushing, the rear liner after described
Set and the rear axle tube may be contained within the rear grasswort；
Wearing plate is each provided with the both ends of the FRP composites auxiliary spring body；
The central pin shaft be arranged at the main spring body of the FRP composites and the FRP composites auxiliary spring body it
Between；Upper cover plate is provided with above the main spring body of FRP composites, is set below the FRP composites auxiliary spring body
It is equipped with lower bolster.
The main spring body of FRP composites includes body stage casing, parabola variable cross-section section and grasswort construction section；
When the main spring body of FRP composites extends from one end to the other end, successively including the grasswort construction section,
The parabola variable cross-section section, the body stage casing, the parabola variable cross-section section and the grasswort construction section；
Upper and lower surface in the body stage casing descends extension to form erecting bed and supporting table upwards respectively；In the installation
Counterbore is provided with platform, lower counterbore is provided with the supporting table；
Bolt through-hole is provided with each grasswort construction section；
The main spring body of FRP composites is more than the upper counterbore from the length of center to the front end of the upper counterbore
Center to rear end length.
The both ends of the erecting bed and the both ends of the supporting table are existed by inclined-plane and body stage casing transition bonding
Together, and in junction it is provided with fillet.
The center of circle of the upper counterbore is respectively positioned on the median vertical line in the body stage casing with the center of circle of the lower counterbore.
The thickness that the parabola variable cross-section section is connected one end with the body stage casing is h2, it is connected with grasswort construction section
The thickness of one end is h1；
h1Determined by formula (1),
Wherein, [τ] is shear stress allowable；Pmax is that FRP composite material plate springs body acts on volume in use
The maximum force at ear center；B is the width of FRP composite material plate spring bodies；λ is safety coefficient, more than 1.2；
h2Determined by formula (2),
h2=h1√l2/l1(2),
Wherein, l1 is distance of the parabola variable cross-section section thinnest part to grasswort center；L2 is that parabola variable cross-section section is most thick
Locate the distance to grasswort center.
The grasswort construction section is square, and the thickness of the grasswort construction section is slightly larger than the parabola variable cross-section section
The thickness of one end is connected with the grasswort construction section.
The preceding grasswort is identical with the structure of the rear grasswort, including arc surface, transition circle cambered surface and lower planes；
The arc surface, the transition circle cambered surface and the lower planes form circular hole and square groove；
The centerline collineation of the center line of the circular hole and the arc surface；It is provided with the lower planes relative
Bolt through-hole；
Wherein, the Circularhole diameter of preceding grasswort is more than the Circularhole diameter of the rear grasswort.
The structure of the FRP composites auxiliary spring body is similar to the structure of the main spring body of the FRP composites, bag
Include auxiliary spring body stage casing, auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section and wearing plate construction section；
When the FRP composites auxiliary spring body extends from one end to the other end, installed successively including the wearing plate
Section, the auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section, the auxiliary spring body stage casing, the auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section and described wear-resisting
Plate construction section；
Upper and lower surface in the auxiliary spring body stage casing descends extension to form auxiliary spring erecting bed and auxiliary spring support upwards respectively
Platform；Counterbore on auxiliary spring is provided with the auxiliary spring erecting bed, auxiliary spring lower counterbore is provided with the auxiliary spring supporting table；
Side groove is provided with the both sides of each wearing plate construction section；
The FRP composites auxiliary spring body is more than the pair from the length of the center of counterbore on the auxiliary spring to front end
The length of the center of counterbore to rear end on spring.
The wearing plate includes flat board and the outer claw being bent to form in the flat board both sides and interior claw；The wild card
In pawl clamping and the side groove.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
FRP composite material plate springs will not once complete rupture, ensure the security of vehicle traveling；Leaf spring is greatly reduced to hang
The weight of frame, improve fuel oil effect；Improve the ride comfort of vehicle traveling；Improve FRP composite material plate spring bodies to be connected with metal
The structure of part, the reliability for improving longitudinal FRP composite material plate springs improve the life-span of longitudinal plate spring suspension brackets, make longitudinal FRP compound
The life-span of material plate spring suspension brackets brings up to more than the three times in the life-span of longitudinal leaf spring, in the range of vehicle service life not
With flexible member as leaf spring is changed, significantly reduce leaf spring use cost；Between between upper cover plate and lower bolster and U bolt
Gap is small, effectively prevents the swing of back axle stress, improves the stability of vehicle traveling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is prior art leaf spring structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the main spring body construction of FRP composites；
Fig. 3 is the front view of the main spring body of FRP composites；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 A-A sectional views；
Fig. 5 is Fig. 3 B-B sectional views；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of FRP composite auxiliary spring body constructions；
Fig. 7 is wearing plate schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal FRP composites major-minor spring assembly；
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 front view；
Figure 10 is Fig. 9 C-C sectional views；
Figure 11 is preceding external bushing schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is preceding neck bush schematic diagram；
Figure 13 front linings are pressed schematic diagram；
Figure 14 is Fig. 9 D-D sectional views；
Figure 15 is Fig. 9 E-E sectional views；
Figure 16 is Fig. 9 F-F sectional views；
Figure 17 is enlarged drawing at Figure 10 IV；
Figure 18 is enlarged drawing at Figure 10 III；
Figure 19 is FRP composite material plate spring scheme of installations；
Figure 20 is backing plate schematic diagram；
Figure 21 is Figure 19 H-H sectional views.
Description of reference numerals
Grasswort before 01,02 main spring, 03 clip, 04 auxiliary spring, 05 centre bolt, grasswort after 06, the main spring sheet of 1FRP composites
Body, 100 body stage casings, 101 erecting beds, counterbore on 102,103 supporting tables, 104 parabola variable cross-section sections, the installation of 105 grassworts
Section, 106 lower counterbores, 107 middle part chamferings, 108 vias, grasswort before 2, external bushing before 3,31 inner cylinders, 32 rubber layers, liner before 4
Cover, 5 front axle tubes, 6 upper cover plates, 7 lower bolsters, 71 times alignment pins, grasswort after 8,81 arc surfaces, 82 transition circle cambered surfaces, about 83 is flat
Face, 84 circular holes, 85 square grooves, 86 bolt through-holes, external bushing after 9, neck bush after 10,11 rear axle tubes, 12 vehicle frames, 13 fore-stocks,
Bearing pin before 14,15U shape bolts, 16 back axles, 161 leaf spring brackets, 17 backing plates, alignment pin on 171,172 arc surfaces, 173 upwarp,
18 rear pin shafts, 19 hangers, 20 after-poppets, 21FRP composite auxiliary spring bodies, 210 auxiliary spring body stage casings, the installation of 211 auxiliary springs
Platform, counterbore on 212 auxiliary springs, 213 auxiliary spring supporting tables, 214 auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section sections, 215 wearing plate construction sections, 216 is secondary
Spring lower counterbore, 217 middle part chamferings, 218 side grooves, 22 central pin shafts, 23 wearing plates, 231 flat boards, 232 outer claws, 233 interior cards
Pawl, 24 auxiliary spring supports.
Embodiment
Describe technical scheme in detail by the following examples, following embodiment be only it is exemplary, only
Explanation and illustration technical scheme can be used for, and be not to be construed as the limitation to technical solution of the present invention.
It is exactly the flexible member machine of longitudinal plate spring suspension brackets the present invention relates to the suspension parts mechanism of vehicle
Structure.The present invention will replace existing steel on the premise of the Performance And Reliability of longitudinal leaf spring is ensured with FRP composite material plate springs
Flat spring；Improve the structure of FRP composite material plate springs body and metal connecting piece, that improves longitudinal FRP composite material plate springs can
By property；FRP composite material plate spring bodies shear strength allowable is relatively low, excellent according to the size of FRP composite material plate spring body stress
Change structure, fully ensure that life-span and the security of suspension；The weight of plate spring suspension brackets is greatly reduced, improves fuel oil effect；Improve car
Traveling ride comfort；The life-span of longitudinal plate spring suspension brackets is improved, brings up to the life-span of longitudinal FRP composite material plate springs suspension
More than the three times in the life-span of longitudinal leaf spring, do not have to change flexible member as leaf spring in the range of vehicle service life,
Significantly reduce leaf spring use cost.
The application provides a kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly, as shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 21, including FRP composites
Main spring body, preceding grasswort, preceding external bushing, preceding neck bush, front axle tube, upper cover plate, lower bolster, rear grasswort, rear external bushing, it is rear in
Bushing, rear axle tube, FRP composite auxiliary springs body, central pin shaft and wearing plate.
Preceding grasswort and rear grasswort are respectively arranged at the both ends of the main spring body of FRP composites；Preceding external bushing, preceding neck bush
And front axle tube may be contained within preceding grasswort；External bushing, rear neck bush and rear axle tube may be contained within rear grasswort afterwards.
Wearing plate is each provided with the both ends of FRP composite auxiliary spring bodies.
Central pin shaft is arranged between the main spring body of FRP composites and FRP composite auxiliary spring bodies；FRP composite woods
Expect to be provided with upper cover plate above main spring body, lower bolster is provided with below FRP composite auxiliary spring bodies.
The main spring body 1 of FRP composites is the shaping of the processes such as high-pressure resin Transfer molding technique (HP-RTM)
Wide FRP composites tabular structure, anterior-posterior length is different, and preceding segment length is lfSegment length is l afterwardsr, lf≥lr, i.e. FRP
The main spring body of composite is more than the length of center to the rear end of upper counterbore from the length of the center of upper counterbore to front end；Including
Body stage casing 100, erecting bed 101, upper counterbore 102, supporting table 103, parabola variable cross-section section 104, grasswort construction section 105, under
Counterbore 106, middle part chamfering 107, bolt through-hole 108, as shown in Figures 2 to 5.
The thickness in body stage casing 100 is h2, and there is erecting bed 101 top of body stage casing 100, and the thickness of erecting bed 101 is
hu, for the both ends of erecting bed 101 by 45 ° of inclined-plane together with the transition bonding of body stage casing 100, there is fillet junction, to reduce
There is upper counterbore 102 at stress between body stage casing 100 and parabola variable cross-section section 104, the middle part of erecting bed 101, and depth is about hu,
There is middle part chamfering 107 top, as shown in Figures 2 to 5.
Equally, there is supporting table 103 lower section of body stage casing 100, and the thickness of supporting table 103 is hl, the both ends of supporting table 103 lead to
45 ° of inclined-plane is crossed together with the transition bonding of body stage casing 100, there is fillet junction, to reduce body stage casing 100 and parabolic
There is lower counterbore 106 at stress between line variable cross-section section 104, the middle part of supporting table 103, and depth is about hl, there is middle part chamfering 107 below,
The diameter of lower counterbore 106 is more than upper counterbore 102, as shown in Figures 2 to 5.
Parabola variable cross-section section 104 is the important performance section of FRP composite material plate springs, can be according to operation principle described later
Formula (1), (2) determine the thinnest part thickness h of parabola variable cross-section section 1041With thickness thickness h2, it is then firm according to target
Angle value, suitably adjust h1And h2, and finally determine h1And h2, as shown in Figures 2 to 5.
Grasswort construction section 105 is square, thickness hd, hd＞ h1, i.e., it is slightly above parabolic above grasswort construction section 105
The thinnest part of line variable cross-section section 104, grasswort construction section 105 are slightly below the thinnest part of parabola variable cross-section section 104 below, are thrown with reducing
104 most thin stress of thing line variable cross-section section, grasswort construction section 105 have two bolt through-holes 108, as shown in Figures 2 to 5.
Grasswort 8 and preceding grasswort 2 are metalwork afterwards, and structure is identical, and outside is by wide arc surface 81, transition circle cambered surface 82
Formed with plane 83, inside there is circular hole 84 and square groove 85, the center line of circular hole and the centerline collineation of arc surface, square groove 85
Equidistant with lower planes 83, square groove respectively has two concentric bolt through-holes 86 about 84, and the Circularhole diameter d1 of preceding grasswort 2 is big
In the Circularhole diameter d2 of rear grasswort 8, as shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 10, Figure 14, Figure 15.
FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21 be the process such as high-pressure resin Transfer molding technique (HP-RTM) into
The wide FRP composites tabular structure of type, the knot of FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21 and the main spring body 1 of FRP composites
Structure is similar, and design method is also identical, and the front part is long and the back is short, including auxiliary spring body stage casing 210, auxiliary spring erecting bed 211, counterbore on auxiliary spring
212nd, in auxiliary spring supporting table 213, auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section 214, wearing plate construction section 215, auxiliary spring lower counterbore 216, auxiliary spring
Portion's chamfering 217, side groove 218, as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 to Figure 10.
The thickness in auxiliary spring body stage casing 210 is h2, and there are auxiliary spring erecting bed 211, auxiliary spring peace in the top of auxiliary spring body stage casing 210
The both ends of platform 211 are filled by 45 ° of inclined-plane together with the transition bonding of auxiliary spring body stage casing 210, there is fillet junction, to reduce
There is upper counterbore 212 at stress between auxiliary spring body stage casing 210 and auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section 214, the middle part of auxiliary spring erecting bed 211,
There is chamfering 217 in the middle part of auxiliary spring top, as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 to Figure 10.
Equally, there is an auxiliary spring supporting table 213 lower section of auxiliary spring body stage casing 210, and the both ends of auxiliary spring supporting table 213 are oblique by 45 °
Together with the transition bonding of auxiliary spring body stage casing 210, there is fillet junction in face, is thrown with reducing auxiliary spring body stage casing 210 and auxiliary spring
There is auxiliary spring lower counterbore 216 at stress between thing line variable cross-section section 214, the middle part of branch auxiliary spring support platform 213, there is chamfering in the middle part of auxiliary spring below
217, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
Auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section 214 is the important performance section of FRP composite material plate springs, can be according to work described later
The formula (1) of principle, (2) determine the thinnest part thickness h of auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section 2141With thickness thickness h2, Ran Hougen
According to target rigidity value, h is suitably adjusted1And h2, and finally determine h1And h2, as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 to Figure 10.
Wearing plate construction section 215 is square, is slightly above auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section above wearing plate construction section 215
214 thinnest parts of section, wearing plate construction section 215 is slightly below the thinnest part of auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section 214 below, to reduce auxiliary spring
214 most thin stress of parabola variable cross-section section, there are 2 side grooves 218 both sides of wearing plate construction section 215, such as Fig. 6, Fig. 8 to Figure 10
It is shown.
Wearing plate 23 is made up of flat board 231, outer claw 232, interior claw 233, and flat board 231 is used for and wearing plate construction section
215 upper plane adhesion and fitting；The outer end that outer claw 232 is used for wearing plate 23 is fixed, and prevents outer end stress from tilting and preventing
Only slide outward；The inner that interior claw 233 is used for wearing plate 23 is fixed, and prevents Inner ends stress from tilting, such as Fig. 7 to Figure 10
It is shown.
Central pin shaft 22 is cylinder, and there is chamfering at both ends, as shown in Figure 10, Figure 16, Figure 18, Figure 21.
Preceding external bushing 3 is vulcanized by inner cylinder 31 and rubber layer 32 to be formed, and inner cylinder 31 is located at the inner side of rubber layer 32, the phase of inner cylinder 31
To the cylinder body 123 of the inner side of rubber layer 32.Inner cylinder 31 is high intensity, the nonmetallic materials of antiwear heat resisting, and inside and outside is concentric circles
Cylinder, also jagged, there is the conical surface end；Have in rubber layer 32 small circle ring, fillet, cylinder body, small projection, groove, annulus,
The features such as conical surface annulus, rear external bushing 9 is identical with the preceding structure of external bushing 3, and simply internal diameter and external diameter are different, as Figure 11, Figure 14,
Shown in Figure 15.
Preceding neck bush 4 is nonmetallic materials, and the performance such as mechanical strength, wear-resisting, lubrication is better than metal material, such as modified Buddhist nun
Imperial PA66 etc., above there are cylindrical anchor ring, inner conical surface, male cone (strobilus masculinus), the inner side conical surface, inner circle anchor ring, L-shaped breach, cylinder, the end conical surface
Etc. feature.Neck bush 10 is identical with the preceding structure of neck bush 4 afterwards, and simply internal diameter is different with external diameter, such as Figure 12, Figure 14, Tu15Suo
Show.
Front axle tube 5 is metal material, and inside and outside is the concentric face of cylinder, and there are chamfering, rear axle tube 11 and front axle tube 5 in both ends
Structure is identical, and simply internal diameter is different with external diameter, as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15.
Upper cover plate 6 is groove profile, at center on have a via 61, at the center of lower bolster 7 on have via, via is built with lower fixed
Position pin 71, upper cover plate 6 is identical with the outside width of lower bolster 7, lateral thickness=(s-b-0.8)/2, and wherein s is U bolt 15
Inner side spacing, b is the width of FRP composite material plate spring bodies, as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 16, Figure 18, Figure 21.
There is via at the center of backing plate 17, via is built with upper alignment pin 171, and both ends there are four arc surfaces 172, to keep away
Exempt from U bolt 15 to interfere during installation, both ends upwarp 173 and are used to prevent U bolt 15 from deviating from, such as Figure 19, Figure 20, Tu21Suo
Show.
First preceding neck bush 4 is attached in the round table surface of following pressing element, neck bush 4 before then preceding external bushing 3 is enclosed on
On, before front axle tube 5 is inserted in neck bush 4, preceding grasswort 2 is put down from top to bottom, and make the rubber of preceding grasswort 2 and preceding external bushing 3
Glue-line contact, another preceding external bushing 3 is enclosed on another preceding neck bush 4, it is small upside down, the center of preceding neck bush 4 with it is upper
The center line alignment of the pressure core of face pressure tool, and the rubber layer of preceding external bushing 3 is bonded with the other end of preceding grasswort 2, pass through hydraulic pressure
Cylinder moves down pressing element, gradually depresses preceding external bushing 3 above, preceding neck bush 4 and preceding grasswort 2, reaches upper and lower two pressing elements
To certain distance, so, two preceding external bushings 3 and two preceding neck bush 4 are just pressed into preceding grasswort 2, such as Figure 11 to Figure 15
It is shown.
Equally, after neck bush 8 after external bushing 9 after two and two is pressed into grasswort 8, as shown in Figure 11 to Figure 15.
After the grasswort construction section 105 of the main rear end of spring body 1 of FRP composites is applied glue, the side of grasswort 8 after insertion
Shape groove 805, then the bolt mistake being each passed through with two bolts on the bolt through-hole 806 and grasswort construction section 105 on rear grasswort 8
Hole 108, and being fixed with two nuts, equally, preceding grasswort 2 is fixed on the front end of the main spring body 1 of FRP composites, as Fig. 8,
Shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 17.
Wearing plate after the inner side of one wearing plate 22 is applied glue with the rear end of FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21 is pacified
It is bonded above dress section 215, then respectively bends the originally outer claw 212 perpendicular to flat board 211, interior claw 213, and it is solid
It is scheduled on the wearing plate construction section 215 of the rear end of FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21, is equally fixed on another wearing plate 22
On the wearing plate construction section 215 of the front end of FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21, as shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 10, Figure 21.
First in 101 glue laid on of erecting bed of the main spring body 1 of FRP composites, the one end of central pin shaft 22 is inserted
Upper counterbore 102, then by the centring bearing pin 22 of auxiliary spring lower counterbore 216 of FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21, make FRP compound
The auxiliary spring supporting table 213 of material auxiliary spring body 21 is bonded simultaneously above with the erecting bed 101 of the main spring body 1 of FRP composites below
Bonding together, applied glue in the inner side of upper cover plate 6, via 61 is directed at counterbore 212 on the auxiliary spring at auxiliary spring erecting bed 211,
Upper cover plate 6 is fixed on FRP composite auxiliary springs body 21, equally, applied glue in the inner side of lower bolster 7, lower positioning
Pin 71 is directed at the lower counterbore 106 at supporting table 103, and lower bolster 7 is fixed on the main spring body 1 of FRP composites, completes FRP
The installation of composite major-minor spring assembly, as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 16.
Fore-stock 13 and after-poppet 20 are housed on vehicle frame 12, the upper upper counterbore 102 of the alignment of alignment pin 171, first filled backing plate 17
Onto upper cover plate 6, then lower alignment pin 71 is inserted in the hole of the leaf spring bracket 161 on back axle 6, with two Hes of U bolt 15
FRP composite major-minor spring assemblies are fixed on back axle 16 by nut, then pass through front axle tube 5 and fore-stock 13 with preceding bearing pin 14
Via, FRP composite major-minor spring assemblies front end is connected on fore-stock 13 with nut, equally, passed through with rear pin shaft 18
The via of rear axle tube 11 and after-poppet 20, FRP composite major-minor spring assemblies rear end is connected on after-poppet 20 with nut,
Installation of the FRP composite major-minor spring assemblies on vehicle is completed, as shown in Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19.
The outside width of upper cover plate 6 and lower bolster 7 differs 0.8mm, two U bolts with the inner side distance s of U bolt 15
After 15 are fixed together FRP composites major-minor spring assembly and back axle 16, the swing of the stress of back axle 16 can be effectively prevented, is carried
The stability of high vehicle traveling.
Operation principle
As shown in figure 4, the FRP composite material plate springs body of the present invention is equal in width parabola changeable section plate spring, leaf spring is most
Big shear stress is in leaf spring body thinnest part, and shear stress allowable [τ] very little of FRP composite material plate spring bodies, therefore must
Thinnest part thickness h 1 must be determined according to formula (1)：
Wherein, [τ] is shear stress allowable；Pmax is that FRP composite material plate springs body acts on volume in use
The maximum force at ear center；B is the width of FRP composite material plate spring bodies；λ is safety coefficient, more than 1.2.
As shown in figure 4, according to the relation of parabola variable cross-section, FRP composite material plate spring body interior thicknesses h2 is determined：
h2=h1√l2/l1 (2)
Wherein, l1 is distance of the thinnest part of parabola variable cross-section section 104 to grasswort center；L2 is parabola variable cross-section section
Distance of 104 thickness to grasswort center.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of changes, modification can be carried out to these embodiments, replace without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And deformation, the scope of the present invention are extremely equally limited by appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of FRP composites major-minor spring assembly, it is characterised in that including the main spring body of FRP composites, preceding grasswort, preceding
External bushing, preceding neck bush, front axle tube, upper cover plate, lower bolster, rear grasswort, rear external bushing, rear neck bush, rear axle tube, FRP are compound
Material auxiliary spring body, central pin shaft and wearing plate；
The preceding grasswort and the rear grasswort are respectively arranged at the both ends of the main spring body of the FRP composites；The preceding outer lining
Set, the preceding neck bush and the front axle tube may be contained within the preceding grasswort；External bushing, the rear neck bush and institute after described
Rear axle tube is stated to may be contained within the rear grasswort；
Wearing plate is each provided with the both ends of the FRP composites auxiliary spring body；
The central pin shaft is arranged between the main spring body of the FRP composites and the FRP composites auxiliary spring body；Institute
State and upper cover plate is provided with above the main spring body of FRP composites, be provided with down below the FRP composites auxiliary spring body
Backing plate.
2. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main spring of FRP composites
Body includes body stage casing, parabola variable cross-section section and grasswort construction section；
When the main spring body of FRP composites extends from one end to the other end, successively including the grasswort construction section, the throwing
Thing line variable cross-section section, the body stage casing, the parabola variable cross-section section and the grasswort construction section；
Upper and lower surface in the body stage casing descends extension to form erecting bed and supporting table upwards respectively；Set on the erecting bed
Counterbore is equipped with, lower counterbore is provided with the supporting table；
Bolt through-hole is provided with each grasswort construction section；
The main spring body of FRP composites is more than the center of the upper counterbore from the length of center to the front end of the upper counterbore
To the length of rear end.
3. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the both ends of the erecting bed and
The both ends of the supporting table together with the transition bonding of the body stage casing, and are provided with circle by inclined-plane in junction
Angle.
4. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the center of circle of the upper counterbore with
The center of circle of the lower counterbore is respectively positioned on the median vertical line in the body stage casing.
5. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the parabola variable cross-section section
The thickness that one end is connected with the body stage casing is h2, the thickness that one end is connected with grasswort construction section is h1；
h1Determined by formula (1),
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
<msub>
<mi>&lambda;P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mi>&tau;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, [τ] is shear stress allowable；Pmax is that FRP composite material plate spring bodies are acted in grasswort in use
The maximum force of the heart；B is the width of FRP composite material plate spring bodies；λ is safety coefficient, more than 1.2；
h2Determined by formula (2),
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>/</mo>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, l1 is distance of the parabola variable cross-section section thinnest part to grasswort center；L2 is that parabola variable cross-section section thickness is arrived
The distance at grasswort center.
6. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the grasswort construction section is just
Cube, the thickness of the grasswort construction section are connected the thickness of one end slightly larger than the parabola variable cross-section section with the grasswort construction section
Degree.
7. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preceding grasswort with it is described after
The structure of grasswort is identical, including arc surface, transition circle cambered surface and lower planes；The arc surface, the transition circle cambered surface and
The lower planes form circular hole and square groove；
The centerline collineation of the center line of the circular hole and the arc surface；Relative bolt is provided with the lower planes
Via；
Wherein, the Circularhole diameter of preceding grasswort is more than the Circularhole diameter of the rear grasswort.
8. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the FRP composites auxiliary spring
The structure of body is similar to the structure of the main spring body of the FRP composites, including auxiliary spring body stage casing, the change of auxiliary spring parabola are cut
Face section and wearing plate construction section；
When the FRP composites auxiliary spring body extends from one end to the other end, successively including the wearing plate construction section, described
Auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section, the auxiliary spring body stage casing, the auxiliary spring parabola variable cross-section section and the wearing plate construction section；
Upper and lower surface in the auxiliary spring body stage casing descends extension to form auxiliary spring erecting bed and auxiliary spring supporting table upwards respectively；Institute
State and counterbore on auxiliary spring is provided with auxiliary spring erecting bed, auxiliary spring lower counterbore is provided with the auxiliary spring supporting table；
Side groove is provided with the both sides of each wearing plate construction section；
The FRP composites auxiliary spring body is more than on the auxiliary spring from the length of the center of counterbore on the auxiliary spring to front end to sink
The length of the center in hole to rear end.
9. FRP composites major-minor spring assembly according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the wearing plate includes flat board
And the outer claw being bent to form in the flat board both sides and interior claw；In the outer claw clamping and the side groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710827997.1A CN107559366B (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | main and auxiliary spring assembly made of FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710827997.1A CN107559366B (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | main and auxiliary spring assembly made of FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) composite material |
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| CN107559366B CN107559366B (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710827997.1A Expired - Fee Related CN107559366B (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-09-14 | main and auxiliary spring assembly made of FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) composite material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108518436A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-11 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of uniformly shaped blade major-minor spring assembly |
| CN108583189A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of FRP composite materials major-minor spring assembly |
| CN108930743A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-04 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | The double arches overlapping variation rigidity leaf spring and production method being staggered using the perpendicular paving of horizontal paving |
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| CN105930563A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-07 | 周长城 | Method for calculating stress of each leaf of end contact-type main and auxiliary taper-leaf parabolic springs |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108930743A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-04 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | The double arches overlapping variation rigidity leaf spring and production method being staggered using the perpendicular paving of horizontal paving |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107559366B (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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