CN107402320B - A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system - Google Patents
A kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107402320B CN107402320B CN201710548882.9A CN201710548882A CN107402320B CN 107402320 B CN107402320 B CN 107402320B CN 201710548882 A CN201710548882 A CN 201710548882A CN 107402320 B CN107402320 B CN 107402320B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing systems, comprising: optical emitting module, optical signal modulation module, multicore optical fiber coupler, multi-core optical fiber, electromagnetic susceptibility composite material, photodetector and electronic signal processing module；One end of multi-core optical fiber is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler, and the other end of multi-core optical fiber and the reflecting surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material keep certain distance, and electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is connected in electric system to be measured.Present system has many advantages, such as strong electromagnetism interference, highly-safe, low in cost, flexible structure and good reliability, while being both capable of measuring direct current signal or being capable of measuring AC signal, can also combine with different composite material, realize the measurement of other physical parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensory field of optic fibre, pass more particularly, to a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber electric current
Sensing system.
Background technique
The intelligence of smart grid, that is, power grid, referred to as " power grid 2.0 ", are built upon integrated high-speed bidirectional communication network
On the basis of, by advanced sensing, measurement, control, equipment and DSS technology, realize reliable power grid, safety, economy,
Efficiently, green use.In smart grid, sensing equipment wants the information such as voltage and current in real-time monitoring network system, in conjunction with
Communication, automatic control technology etc. organically blend with power grid infrastructure, acquisition power grid panoramic information, prevention in time and discovery event
Barrier, and failure is quickly isolated, realize self-recovery.Therefore, efficient, accurate, energy-efficient sensor-based system is the pass in smart grid
Key link.
Sensing equipment used by power grid is mainly electrical sensor at present, and input/output signal is electric signal, such as electricity
Pressure sensor can be divided into resitstance voltage divider, capacitive divider, electromagnetic potential transformer, capacitance type potential transformer and Hall
Voltage sensor etc., current sensor are divided into current divider, electromagnetic current transducer and electronic current mutual inductor etc..Multiple
In the case of strays magnetic environment or long distance transmission, signal acquisition and the transmission of electrical sensor will be become difficult；And transducing part
It is active device, operability and safety are all poor, meet insulating requirements in high voltage and current route, need complexity
Process means.In addition, traditional electrical sensor needs to be coupled into examining system, accuracy will receive voltage and current water
The influence of many factors such as flat, frequency fluctuation, the fluctuation of load, remanent magnetism, geomagnetic induction current.
With the development of optic fibre manufacture process, people, which start to explore, to attempt to imitate using the i.e. Faraday of magneto-optic effect of medium
The measurement of electric current should be carried out to substitute electromagnetic induction principle.Current most fibre optic current sensor is to utilize Faraday
Effect realizes sensing, and the current measuring device of information transmission is completed using optical fiber.It is influenced by factors such as fiber birefringences,
At present fibre-optic current voltage sensor reliability, stability and in terms of it is to be improved, and be only limitted to measure
Direct current signal, mature practical product is seldom, most of principle prototype stage for all resting on laboratory.
It can be seen that the prior art there are safeties poor, poor anti jamming capability, accuracy be not high, poor reliability and only limits
In measure direct current signal the technical issues of.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core opticals
Fine current sensing system, thus solves that the prior art there are safeties poor, poor anti jamming capability, accuracy be high, poor reliability
And the technical issues of being only limitted to measurement direct current signal.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system, packets
It includes:
Optical emitting module, optical signal modulation module, multicore optical fiber coupler, multi-core optical fiber, electromagnetic susceptibility composite wood
Material, photodetector and electronic signal processing module；
Multicore optical fiber coupler includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core optical fiber includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；
The output end of optical emitting module is parallel by n single of optical signal modulation module and multicore optical fiber coupler
Branch connection, 1≤n < N；
Other (N-n) a single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler passes through the photodetector and the electric signal
The input terminal of processing module is connected；
One end of multi-core optical fiber is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler, and the other end and electromagnetism of multi-core optical fiber are quick
The reflecting surface for feeling composite material keeps certain distance, and the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is connected in electric system to be measured.
Further, the DC signal that electromagnetic susceptibility composite material receives electric system to be measured generates fixed displacement, connects
The AC signal for receiving electric system to be measured generates the mechanical oscillation of same frequency, electromagnetic susceptibility composite material and multi-core optical fiber end face away from
From 10mm is less than, angle is less than 5 °.
Further, at work, optical emitting module generates light beam and is adjusted via optical signal modulation module system
System generates signal light, and n single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler and n fibre core of multi-core optical fiber connect and transmit signal
Light, signal light are emitted to electromagnetic susceptibility composite material surface in multi-core optical fiber end face and reflect, in addition (N-n) of multi-core optical fiber
A fibre core receives reflected light, and connect transmission reflected light extremely in addition (N-n) a single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler
Photodetector carries out photoelectric conversion, and obtained electric signal handles to obtain received optical power through electronic signal processing module, using connecing
The displacement that optical power obtains the fixed displacement of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material or mechanical oscillation generate is received, it is compound in conjunction with electromagnetic susceptibility
The magnetostrictive effect of material obtains the information about power to be measured of electric system to be measured.
Further, electronic signal processing module includes: amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase-sensitive detection circuit, low-pass filtering
Device, analog-digital converter and host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter are tentatively amplified and are denoised to electric signal,
Locking phase amplification is carried out to signal frequency through phase-sensitive detection circuit, then after filtering out most of noise by low-pass filter circuit, by modulus
Converter is converted to digital signal and is handled in host computer processing module, obtains received optical power.
Further, host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing module, number
Digital signal is obtained according to Acquisition Circuit, is transmitted in data processing module by data transmission circuit and obtains received optical power.
Further, optical emitting module is incoherent light source, comprising: LED, wideband light source and ASE light source.
Preferably, optical emitting module LED.
Further, optical signal modulation module includes driving circuit and modulation circuit, and driving circuit passes through light for limiting
The current output signal light in source, modulation circuit is for receiving the stable signal light of signal light output.
Further, photodetector is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diode.
Preferably, photodetector is PIN photodiode.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) working method of reflection-type intensity modulated is realized using electromagnetic susceptibility composite material due to the present invention, it is significantly simple
Design structure is changed, has reduced costs；One fibre core indicates a channel, using the independence of multi-core optical fiber multichannel, improves
System sensitivity and measurement range, and can adjust transmitting-receiving structure according to actual needs, the flexibility with physical layer；It utilizes
The passivity of multi-core optical fiber and electromagnetic susceptibility composite material improves anti-electromagnetic interference capability, the safety and reliability of system.
(2) preferably, it is based on magnetostrictive effect, under suitable boundary condition, electromagnetic susceptibility material is to direct current telecommunications
Fixed displacement number can be generated, the mechanical oscillation of same frequency can be generated to AC signal, therefore the system had both been capable of measuring direct current letter
Number, also it is capable of measuring AC signal；By this system in conjunction with other composite materials, the measurement of other physical parameters can also be realized,
Such as using the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, it can be achieved that the measurement to voltage signal.
(3) preferably, electromagnetic susceptibility composite material and multi-core optical fiber end face distance are less than 10mm, and angle is being tied less than 5 °
Guarantee the accuracy of measurement while structure is compact, the present system for being reaches best effort effect.
(4) preferably, it since LED light source is easy to use, small in size, at low cost, the service life is long, the operation is stable, is more suitable for
In sensor-based system.PIN diode manufacturing process is simple, at low cost, and operating voltage is low, and noise robustness is good, be suitable in, short distance
From detection system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is multi-core optical fiber end view drawing provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the linear magnetostriction rate that provides of embodiment with external magnetic field strength variation relation curve synoptic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the received optical power that provides of embodiment with reflecting surface displacement variation relation curve synoptic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing systems, comprising:
Optical emitting module 1, optical signal modulation module 2, multicore optical fiber coupler 3, multi-core optical fiber 4, electromagnetic susceptibility are multiple
Condensation material 5, photodetector 6 and electronic signal processing module 7；
Multicore optical fiber coupler 3 includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core optical fiber 4 includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；
The output end of optical emitting module 1 passes through n single of optical signal modulation module 2 and multicore optical fiber coupler 3
Parallel branch connection, 1≤n < N；The intrinsic insertion loss of entire device is less than 2dB；
Other (N-n) a single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler 3 passes through the photodetector 6 and the telecommunications
The input terminal of number processing module 7 is connected；
One end of the multi-core optical fiber 4 is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler 3, the other end of multi-core optical fiber 4
Certain distance is kept with the reflecting surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material 5, the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material 5 is connected to power train to be measured
In system.
In embodiments of the present invention, the DC signal that electromagnetic susceptibility composite material 5 receives electric system to be measured generates solid
Positioning moves, and the AC signal for receiving electric system to be measured generates the mechanical oscillation of same frequency, electromagnetic susceptibility composite material 5 and multicore
Fiber end face distance is less than 10mm, and angle is less than 5 °.
When the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is connected in electric system to be measured, magnetic field is generated by electric field to be measured, in magnetic
Under field action, ferromagnetic crystal is magnetized, and macroscopically shows as elongating or shortening for linear dimension, i.e. linear magnetostriction effect.
For DC signal to be measured, D.C. magnetic field can produce through electromagnetic material such as coil etc., the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is straight
Certain displacement is generated under stream magnetic fields；AC signal can produce alternating magnetic field, the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material occur anti-
It elongates or shortens again, so that electric signal to be measured is changed into micro-displacement.Since linear magnetostriction direction is unrelated with magnetic direction,
The vibration frequency of the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is unrelated with magnetic direction under AC signal to be measured effect, therefore vibration frequency
For twice of measured signal, i.e. frequency-doubled effect；It can use DC signal in practice or permanent magnet generate one suitably
Constant bias magnetic field keeps vibration frequency identical as measured signal.
When the micro-displacement of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material, mainly since the end face when the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is anti-
Face is penetrated, when reflection line position variation, the emergent light of multi-core optical fiber transmission channel end face is transmitted to the light field on reflecting surface
Distribution can change, and the optical field distribution through transmission and reflection to multi-core optical fiber receiving channel endface can also change, thus
Change received optical power, when one timing of other parameters of sensor-based system, received optical power size is only compound with the electromagnetic susceptibility
The displacement of material is related, therefore measurement received optical power can obtain the displacement of the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material, thus
Information about power to be measured is measured indirectly.
In embodiments of the present invention, at work, optical emitting module 1 generates light beam via optical signal modulation mould to system
Block 2 is modulated generation signal light, and n single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler 3 and n fibre core of multi-core optical fiber 4 connect
Signal light is connect and transmits, signal light is emitted to 5 surface of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material in 4 end face of multi-core optical fiber and reflects, multicore
Referring to fig. 2, a fibre core of in addition (N-n) of multi-core optical fiber 4 receives reflected light, and and multicore optical fiber coupler to fiber end face schematic diagram
A single parallel branch connection transmission reflected light of 3 in addition (N-n) to photodetector 6 carries out photoelectric conversion, obtained telecommunications
It number is handled through electronic signal processing module 7 and to obtain received optical power, utilized received optical power to obtain electromagnetic susceptibility composite material 5 and consolidate
The displacement that positioning moves or mechanical oscillation generate, obtains power train to be measured in conjunction with the magnetostrictive effect of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material
The information about power to be measured of system.
In embodiments of the present invention, electronic signal processing module 7 includes: amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase sensitive detection electricity
Road, low-pass filter, analog-digital converter and host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter carry out electric signal preliminary
Amplification and denoising carry out locking phase amplification to signal frequency through phase-sensitive detection circuit, then filter out most of make an uproar by low-pass filter circuit
After sound, digital signal is converted to by analog-digital converter and is handled in host computer processing module, received optical power is obtained.
In embodiments of the present invention, host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing
Module, data acquisition circuit obtain digital signal, are transmitted in data processing module by data transmission circuit and obtain receiving light function
Rate.
In embodiments of the present invention, optical emitting module 1 is incoherent light source, comprising: LED, wideband light source and ASE light
Source.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that optical emitting module 1 is LED.
In embodiments of the present invention, optical signal modulation module 2 includes driving circuit and modulation circuit, and driving circuit is for limiting
System passes through the current output signal light of light source, and modulation circuit is for receiving the stable signal light of signal light output.
In embodiments of the present invention, photodetector 6 is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diode.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that photodetector 6 is PIN photodiode.
Electromagnetic susceptibility composite material is connected in electric system to be measured, due to linear magnetostriction effect, reflecting surface position
Shifting amount changes with curent change to be measured；Reflecting surface displacement can receive power to optical fiber and be modulated simultaneously, be connect by analysis
Receiving power can be obtained the information such as electric current to be measured.Linear magnetostriction effect, which can be used, can use magnetostrictivity magnetostrictivity λ
It indicates
Δ l is length of material variable quantity under magnetic fields in formula, and l is length of material, and typical magnetostrictivity is with outer magnetic
Field intensity variation relation curve such as Fig. 3, it can be seen that as magnetic field strength increases, magnetostrictivity tends to be full after being continuously increased
With.Typical received optical power is as shown in Figure 4 with reflecting surface displacement variation relation curve, it can be seen that when d very little, reflection
The reception fibre core of light field and multi-core optical fiber does not have intersection, does not receive optical power, i.e. generation dead zone；As distance d increases, receive
To optical power sharply become larger with the increase of overlapping region area, this intervals linear degree is preferable, high sensitivity, is suitable for
Measure the micro-displacement that material generates in this sensor-based system；Most light can be received when reflection light field, which is completely covered, receives fibre core
Power receives optical power and progressivelyes reach maximum value therewith；As distance d continues to increase, reflection light field light intensity reduces, and the two is handed over
Folded area be it is constant, cause the optical power for being coupled into reception optical fiber to reduce.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system characterized by comprising optical emitting module
(1), optical signal modulation module (2), multicore optical fiber coupler (3), multi-core optical fiber (4), electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5), photoelectricity
Detector (6) and electronic signal processing module (7)；
The multicore optical fiber coupler (3) includes N number of single parallel branch, and the multi-core optical fiber (4) includes N number of fibre core, N >=2；
The output end of the optical emitting module (1) passes through the n of optical signal modulation module (2) and multicore optical fiber coupler (3)
A single parallel branch connection, 1≤n < N；
Other (N-n) a single parallel branch of the multicore optical fiber coupler (3) by the photodetector (6) with it is described
The input terminal of electronic signal processing module (7) is connected；
One end of the multi-core optical fiber (4) is connected with one end of the multicore optical fiber coupler (3), multi-core optical fiber (4) it is another
The reflecting surface at end and electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) keeps certain distance, and the electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) is connected to be measured
In electric system.
2. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The DC signal that electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) receives electric system to be measured generates fixed displacement, receives electric system to be measured
AC signal generate same frequency mechanical oscillation, electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) and multi-core optical fiber end face distance be less than 10mm,
Angle is less than 5 °.
3. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described
At work, optical emitting module (1) generates light beam and is modulated generation signal via optical signal modulation module (2) system
N single parallel branch of light, multicore optical fiber coupler (3) connect and transmits signal light with n fibre core of multi-core optical fiber (4),
Signal light is emitted to electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) surface in multi-core optical fiber (4) end face and reflects, multi-core optical fiber (4) it is another
(N-n) a fibre core receives reflected light outside, and connect biography in addition (N-n) a single parallel branch of multicore optical fiber coupler (3)
Defeated reflected light to photodetector (6) carry out photoelectric conversion, and obtained electric signal is connect through electronic signal processing module (7) processing
Optical power is received, the fixed displacement of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material (5) or the position of mechanical oscillation generation are obtained using received optical power
It moves, obtains the information about power to be measured of electric system to be measured in conjunction with the magnetostrictive effect of electromagnetic susceptibility composite material.
4. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Electronic signal processing module (7) includes: amplifying circuit, bandpass filter, phase-sensitive detection circuit, low-pass filter, analog-digital converter
And host computer processing module, amplifying circuit and bandpass filter are tentatively amplified and are denoised to electric signal, through phase sensitive detection electricity
Road carries out locking phase amplification to signal frequency, then after filtering out most of noise by low-pass filter circuit, is converted to by analog-digital converter
Digital signal is simultaneously handled in host computer processing module, and received optical power is obtained.
5. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Host computer processing module includes data acquisition circuit, data transmission circuit, data processing module, and data acquisition circuit obtains number
Signal is transmitted in data processing module by data transmission circuit and obtains received optical power.
6. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, feature exist
In the optical emitting module (1) is incoherent light source, comprising: LED, wideband light source and ASE light source.
7. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Optical emitting module (1) is LED.
8. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, feature exist
In the optical signal modulation module (2) includes driving circuit and modulation circuit, and driving circuit is used to limit the electric current by light source
Output signal light, modulation circuit is for receiving the stable signal light of signal light output.
9. a kind of reflection-type intensity modulated multi-core optical fiber current sensing system a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, feature exist
In the photodetector (6) is PIN photodiode or APD avalanche diode.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0618567A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1994-01-25 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Optical-fiber current sensor |
| US5812711A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-09-22 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Magnetostrictively tunable optical fiber gratings |
| CN2350772Y (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 1999-11-24 | 西安同维科技发展有限责任公司 | Magneto-optical current transformer |
| CN201589873U (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 姚竑杰 | Sensing optical fiber for reflective all-fiber current sensor |
| CN101726647A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | Current sensor based on photonic crystal fiber grating |
| CN101710148A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2010-05-19 | 华南师范大学 | Current transformer and current detection system |
| CN101871959B (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2012-06-27 | 电子科技大学 | Optical fiber Fabry-perot current sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN103776897B (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-05-06 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetic flux leakage testing method and device based on defect magnetic flux leakage region reversed field |
| CN104198789B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-05 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of optical fiber current mutual inductor based on magnetostrictive effect |
| CN106093525B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-09-25 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of current sensor based on microdisplacement measurement |
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