A kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal smelt technical field, and in particular to a kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc.
Background technology
Most of lead smelts manufacturing enterprise at present, contains Zn scrap returns caused by lead smelting process, is sold to all parts of the country
Electrolytic zinc producer, electrolytic zinc producer only reclaim zinc therein, and lead and remaining valuable metal then exist in waste residue as waste material, not only
Environment is polluted, also waste of resource.Domestic existing zinc abstraction technique is based on wet method, and pyrogenic process still accounts for 30%, the meeting in zinc abstraction technique
Waste water and dregs are produced, directly pollute environment, and waste of resource.Publication No. is that the B of CN 103014350 Chinese patent discloses one
The recoverying and utilizing method of kind of secondary zinc oxide, technological process are mainly that alkali cleaning, leaching, iron removaling, three sections of purification and impurity removals, ion exchanges are removed
Fluorine chlorine, zinc electrolysis, this technical process can produce substantial amounts of waste water and waste residue.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation process without waste water and dregs, environmentally friendly and good in economic efficiency lead smelting waste
The recovery method of material containing zinc.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc, comprises the following steps:
A. dispensing:Carry out dispensing to caused waste material material containing zinc in lead smelting process, the content of the material each component after dispensing
By mass percentage, 55%≤Zn≤82%, 1% < Fe < 5%, 12%≤Pb≤40%, 0≤Sb < 0.04%, 0≤F≤1.5%, 0
≤ Cl≤1.5%, 0≤As < 0.2%, 0≤Ge < 0.003%, remaining is impurity;
B. a leaching:The electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid is added in material after dispensing, PH controls are reacted 1 hour 4.8~5.0,
Press filtration obtains an immersion liquid and a phase analysis;
C. two leaching:The electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid is added in a phase analysis obtained by step b, temperature is warming up to 90~95 DEG C, reaction 3
~4 hours, press filtration obtained two immersion liquid and two phase analysis, reclaims and uses in the two immersion liquid return to step b;
D. dechlorinate:Add copper ashes in the immersion liquid obtained by step b, for remove an immersion liquid in chlorion, one after processing
Chloride ion content is less than 350mg/l, press filtration, an immersion liquid and dechlorination filter-press residues after must dechlorinating in immersion liquid;
E. iron removal by oxidation:An immersion liquid after step d dechlorinations removes the divalence in an immersion liquid using goethite process or ferriammonium sulfate method
Iron ion, press filtration, obtain an immersion liquid and the iron removal by oxidation filter-press residues of iron removal by oxidation;
F. one section of purification:By the immersion liquid after step e iron removal by oxidation, under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, add zinc powder and stir 20 points
Clock, then add dry powder stir 10 minutes, add zinc powder stir 20 minutes, remove an immersion liquid in copper ion and cadmium from
Son, one section of scavenging solution and one section of filter-press residues are obtained after press filtration;
G. two sections of purifications:By one section of scavenging solution obtained by step f, potassium permanganate is added, stirs and is warming up to 75 DEG C, then add
Copper sulphate and zinc powder, arsenic ion, germanium ion and antimony ion in one section of scavenging solution are removed, two sections of scavenging solutions and two sections are obtained after press filtration
Filter-press residues;
H. three sections of purifications:By two sections of scavenging solutions obtained by step g, 85~95 DEG C are warming up to, adds antimonic salt and zinc powder, reaction 1 is small
When, cobalt ions, nickel ion and the cadmium ion in two sections of scavenging solutions are removed, solution of zinc sulfate and three sections of filter-press residues are obtained after press filtration;
I. it is electrolysed:Using pb-ag alloy, aluminium sheet is negative electrode for anode, solution of zinc sulfate obtained by step h is electrolysed, negative electrode
Obtain metallic zinc.
Further, two phase analysis described in step c return to lead smelting system and used.
Further, goethite process described in step e is that the immersion liquid after dechlorination is warming up to 70~80 DEG C, in stirring condition
Lower addition hydrogen peroxide, while it is 4.0~4.5 to add dry powder to control PH, after reaction completely, is warming up to 80~85 DEG C, after press filtration
Obtain the immersion liquid after iron removal by oxidation and filter-press residues.
Further, ferriammonium sulfate method described in step e is that the immersion liquid after dechlorination is warming up to 70~80 DEG C, add sulfuric acid or
The electrolysis waste solution regulation PH of sulfur acid is 1.5~2.0, is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds manganese dioxide and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, reacts 3 hours
Afterwards, dry powder regulation PH to 4.5~5.0 is added, then adds potassium permanganate, press filtration, which must aoxidize, after reacting 20~30 minutes removes
An immersion liquid and filter-press residues after iron.
Further, stirred more than 20 minutes after one section of scavenging solution addition potassium permanganate described in step g and add copper sulphate
And zinc powder.
Further, antimonic salt described in step h is antimony sulfate.
Further, after step d press filtrations after the dechlorination filter-press residues of gained, press filtration described in step e gained iron removal by oxidation pressure
One section of filter-press residues described in filter residue, step f, two sections of filter-press residues described in step g, three sections of filter-press residues described in step h return to lead smelting
System uses.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of 1. recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc provided by the invention, to caused waste material in lead smelting process
Material containing zinc is reclaimed, and while reclaiming zinc, lead is also enriched with, and the electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid is used in production process, right
Electrolysis waste solution recycles, additional income and environmental protection;The present invention uses batching step, ensures that the zinc sulfate for sending to electrolysis step is molten
Electrolysis requires hydroful enough, because the stainless steel of chlorion heavy corrosion production equipment, chloride ion content height meeting in process in zinc electrolyzing
Corrode positive plate, and work as arsenic ion > 0.1mg/L in electrolytic solution, antimony ion > 0.1mg/L, germanium ion > 0.05mg/L can
Cause electrodeposition to burn plate, also avoid consuming excessive other materials when removing foreign ion, reduce production cost;In a dipped journey
In, 4.8~5.0, ferric ion can remove completely for PH controls, during form ferric hydroxide colloid, ferric hydroxide colloid
Absorption affinity is very strong, the impurity such as arsenic ion, antimony ion, germanium ion in energy adsorbent solution, and co-precipitation occurs therewith and separates out, and reaches simultaneously
To the purpose of Pb-Zn separation;One compregnate filter residue typically containing zinc between 22 ~ 24%, not yet react completely by main chemical compositions
Zinc sulphide hard to tolerate, zinc ferrite and zinc silicate under zinc oxide and low temperature, two dipped journeys reclaim a compregnate filter residue to greatest extent
In valuable metal, and lead is also enriched with, and the mass percent of the lead in two phase analysis is effectively reclaimed up to 35%;
2. a kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc provided by the invention, during two phase analysis return to lead and smelt
System uses, dechlorination, iron removal by oxidation, one section of purification, two sections of purifications and the filter-press residues also return lead smelting of three sections of purification process
System uses so that generation of the whole preparation process without waste water, waste residue, it is environmentally friendly and good in economic efficiency;
3. a kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc provided by the invention, iron removal by oxidation process adds dry powder, can
The fluorine ion in solution is removed simultaneously, is avoided fluorine ion from corroding the cathode aluminum plate of zinc electrolysis bath, is made metallic zinc be difficult to peel off.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
A kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc, comprises the following steps:
A. dispensing:Carry out dispensing to caused waste material material containing zinc in lead smelting process, the content of the material each component after dispensing
By mass percentage, Zn 55%, Fe 2%, Pb 12%, Sb 0.03%, F 1.5%, Cl 1.5%, As 0.1%, Ge
For 0.002%, remaining is impurity;
B. a leaching:The electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid will be added in material after dispensing, PH controls are reacted 1 hour 4.8~5.0,
Press filtration obtains an immersion liquid and a phase analysis;
C. two leaching:A phase analysis adds the electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid obtained by step b, and it is 150g/L to make sulfuric acid concentration, and temperature is warming up to
90~95 DEG C, react 3~4 hours, press filtration obtains two immersion liquid and two phase analysis, reclaims and uses in the two immersion liquid return to step b;
D. dechlorinate:Copper ashes is added in an immersion liquid obtained by step b, for removing the chlorion in an immersion liquid, the leaching after processing
Liquid chlorine ion concentration is less than 350mg/l, press filtration, an immersion liquid and dechlorination filter-press residues after must dechlorinating;
E. iron removal by oxidation:An immersion liquid after step d dechlorinations removes the divalence in an immersion liquid using goethite process or ferriammonium sulfate method
Iron ion, press filtration, obtain the immersion liquid after iron removal by oxidation and iron removal by oxidation filter-press residues;
F. one section of purification:An immersion liquid after step e iron removal by oxidation is taken into 50m3, under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, add 40kg zinc powders
Stirring 20 minutes, then add 5kg dry powders and stir 10 minutes, add 40kg zinc powders and stir 20 minutes, remove in an immersion liquid
Copper ion and cadmium ion, after press filtration one section of scavenging solution and one section of filter-press residues;
G. two sections of purifications:One section of scavenging solution obtained by step f is taken into 50m3, 2kg potassium permanganate is added, stirs and is warming up to 75 DEG C,
Then 3kg copper sulphate and 50kg zinc powders are added, removes arsenic ion, germanium ion and antimony ion in one section of scavenging solution, after press filtration
Two sections of scavenging solutions and two sections of filter-press residues;
H. three sections of purifications:Two sections of scavenging solutions obtained by step g are taken into 50m3, 85~95 DEG C are warming up to, adds 10g antimonic salts and 45kg
Zinc powder, react 1 hour, remove cobalt ions, nickel ion and cadmium ion in two sections of scavenging solutions, solution of zinc sulfate and three is obtained after press filtration
Section filter-press residues;
I. it is electrolysed:Using pb-ag alloy, aluminium sheet is negative electrode for anode, solution of zinc sulfate obtained by step h is electrolysed, negative electrode
Obtain metallic zinc.
Embodiment 2
A kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc, comprises the following steps:
A. dispensing:Carry out dispensing to caused waste material material containing zinc in lead smelting process, the content of the material each component after dispensing
By mass percentage, Zn 60%, Fe 3%, Pb 14%, Sb 0.02%, F 1.3%, Cl 0.7%, As 0.15%,
Ge is 0.001%, and remaining is impurity;
B. a leaching:The electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid will be added in material after dispensing, PH controls are reacted 1 hour 4.8~5.0,
Press filtration obtains an immersion liquid and a phase analysis;
C. two leaching:A phase analysis adds the electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid obtained by step b, and it is 150g/L to make sulfuric acid concentration, and temperature is warming up to
90~95 DEG C, react 3~4 hours, press filtration obtains two immersion liquid and two phase analysis, reclaims and uses in the two immersion liquid return to step b, two leachings
Slag returns to lead smelting system and used;
D. dechlorinate:Copper ashes is added in an immersion liquid obtained by step b, for removing the chlorion in an immersion liquid, the leaching after processing
Liquid chlorine ion concentration is less than 350mg/l, press filtration, an immersion liquid and dechlorination filter-press residues after must dechlorinating, the dechlorination filter-press residues return
Lead smelting system uses;
E. iron removal by oxidation:Step d dechlorination after an immersion liquid using goethite process remove an immersion liquid in ferrous ion, press filtration,
The goethite process is that the immersion liquid after dechlorination is warming up to 70~80 DEG C, is slowly added to hydrogen peroxide under agitation, is added simultaneously
It is 4.0~4.5 to enter dry powder to control PH, when the content of ferrous ion is less than 10mg/L, stops adding hydrogen peroxide, has reacted
Into being warming up to 80~85 DEG C, press filtration, obtain the immersion liquid after iron removal by oxidation and iron removal by oxidation filter-press residues, the iron removal by oxidation press filtration
Slag returns to lead smelting system and used;
F. one section of purification:An immersion liquid after step e processing is taken into 50m3, under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, add the stirring of 40kg zinc powders
20 minutes, then add 5kg dry powders and stir 10 minutes, add 40kg zinc powders and stir 20 minutes, remove the copper in an immersion liquid
Ion and cadmium ion, obtain one section of scavenging solution and one section of filter-press residues after press filtration, one section of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
G. two sections of purifications:One section of scavenging solution obtained by step f is taken into 50m3, 2kg potassium permanganate is added, stirs more than 20 minutes simultaneously
Be warming up to 75 DEG C, then add 3kg copper sulphate and 50kg zinc powders, remove arsenic ion, germanium ion and antimony in one section of scavenging solution from
Son, obtains two sections of scavenging solutions and two sections of filter-press residues after press filtration, two sections of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
H. three sections of purifications:Two sections of scavenging solutions obtained by step g are taken into 50m3, be warming up to 85~95 DEG C, add 10g antimony sulfates and
45kg zinc powders, react 1 hour, remove cobalt ions, nickel ion and cadmium ion in two sections of scavenging solutions, solution of zinc sulfate is obtained after press filtration
With three sections of filter-press residues, three sections of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
I. it is electrolysed:Using pb-ag alloy, aluminium sheet is negative electrode for anode, solution of zinc sulfate obtained by step h is electrolysed, negative electrode
Obtain metallic zinc.
Embodiment 3
A kind of recovery method of lead smelting waste material containing zinc, comprises the following steps:
A. dispensing:Carry out dispensing to caused waste material material containing zinc in lead smelting process, the content of the material each component after dispensing
Mass percent meter, Zn 58%, Fe 2%, Pb 18%, Sb 0.01%, F 0.9%, Cl 0.7%, As 0.1%, Ge are
0.001%, remaining is impurity;
B. a leaching:The electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid will be added in material after dispensing, PH controls are reacted 1 hour 4.8~5.0,
Press filtration obtains an immersion liquid and a phase analysis;
C. two leaching:A phase analysis adds the electrolysis waste solution of sulfur acid obtained by step b, and it is 150g/L to make sulfuric acid concentration, and temperature is warming up to
90~95 DEG C, react 3~4 hours, press filtration obtains two immersion liquid and two phase analysis, reclaims and uses in the two immersion liquid return to step b, two leachings
Slag returns to lead smelting system and used;
D. dechlorinate:Copper ashes is added in an immersion liquid obtained by step b, for removing the chlorion in an immersion liquid, the leaching after processing
Liquid chlorine ion concentration is less than 350mg/l, press filtration, an immersion liquid and dechlorination filter-press residues after must dechlorinating, the dechlorination filter-press residues return
Lead smelting system uses;
E. iron removal by oxidation:An immersion liquid after step d dechlorinations removes the ferrous ion in an immersion liquid, pressure using ferriammonium sulfate method
Filter, the ferriammonium sulfate method is the immersion liquid 80m after dechlorination370~80 DEG C are warming up to, adds the electrolysis waste solution of sulfuric acid or sulfur acid
It is 1.5~2.0 to adjust PH, is warming up to 85 DEG C, adds manganese dioxide and 100kg ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the addition quality of manganese dioxide are
2 times of ferrous ion in an immersion liquid after dechlorination, reaction 3 hours after, add dry powder regulation PH to 4.5~5.0, then with
Add 5kg potassium permanganate, after reaction 20~30 minutes press filtration obtain the immersion liquid after iron removal by oxidation and iron removal by oxidation filter-press residues, it is described
Iron removal by oxidation filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
F. one section of purification:An immersion liquid after step e processing is taken into 50m3, under the conditions of 50~60 DEG C, add the stirring of 40kg zinc powders
20 minutes, then add 5kg dry powders and stir 10 minutes, add 40kg zinc powders and stir 20 minutes, remove the copper in an immersion liquid
Ion and cadmium ion, obtain one section of scavenging solution and one section of filter-press residues after press filtration, one section of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
G. two sections of purifications:One section of scavenging solution obtained by step f is taken into 50m3, 2kg potassium permanganate is added, stirs more than 20 minutes simultaneously
Be warming up to 75 DEG C, then add 3kg copper sulphate and 50kg zinc powders, remove arsenic ion, germanium ion and antimony in one section of scavenging solution from
Son, obtains two sections of scavenging solutions and two sections of filter-press residues after press filtration, two sections of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
H. three sections of purifications:By two sections of scavenging solutions obtained by step g, 85~95 DEG C are warming up to, adds 10g antimony sulfates and 45kg zinc powders,
Reaction 1 hour, cobalt ions, nickel ion and cadmium ion in two sections of scavenging solutions are removed, solution of zinc sulfate is obtained after press filtration and three sections net
Change liquid, three sections of filter-press residues return to lead smelting system and used;
I. it is electrolysed:Using pb-ag alloy, aluminium sheet is negative electrode for anode, solution of zinc sulfate obtained by step h is electrolysed, negative electrode
Obtain metallic zinc.
Embodiment described above, simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits the scope of the present invention, therefore
All equivalent change or modifications done according to technical scheme described in the scope of the claims of the present invention, the present patent application patent model all should be included in
In enclosing.