CN107306149B - Aviation communication method and system - Google Patents
Aviation communication method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107306149B CN107306149B CN201610245077.4A CN201610245077A CN107306149B CN 107306149 B CN107306149 B CN 107306149B CN 201610245077 A CN201610245077 A CN 201610245077A CN 107306149 B CN107306149 B CN 107306149B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15507—Relay station based processing for cell extension or control of coverage area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
- H04W92/10—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aviation communication method and a system, wherein the aviation communication system is used for establishing wireless honeycomb seamless coverage to an airspace by one or more ground 4G and evolution technology wireless base stations (hereinafter referred to as wireless base stations), and the embodiment of the invention modifies the air interface protocol of the ground 4G and evolution technology mobile communication so as to be suitable for aircrafts flying at high speed in the air; and the aircraft flies in the airspace covered by the aviation communication system, and the carried receiver can receive and transmit signals with the ground 4G of the aviation system and the evolution technology wireless base station thereof, establish connection and perform high-speed data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an aviation communication method and system.
Background
With the rapid development of aviation technology and communication technology, an aircraft can carry various terminals, and the terminals can communicate with a ground base station during the flight of the aircraft.
At present, the communication process between the aircraft and the ground base station is generally realized by means of a satellite. When the communication between the aircraft and the ground base station is realized through the satellite, the problem of low data transmission speed exists when the communication between the aircraft and the ground base station is carried out because the bandwidth which can be provided by the satellite is small; further, the communication between the aircraft and the ground base station is realized by the satellite, which also has a problem of high communication cost.
Based on the above problems, there is a scheme that a terminal carried on an aircraft is directly accessed to a ground base station, but under an existing communication protocol, when the distance between the aircraft and the ground base station is large, a signal transmission delay problem exists, which causes that data needs to be continuously retransmitted between the aircraft and the ground base station, and under a more serious condition, the aircraft cannot communicate with the ground base station, so that the current ground base station cannot solve the problem that the aircraft communicates through the ground base station.
Therefore, the terminal in the aircraft cannot communicate through the ground base station during the flight of the aircraft at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an aviation communication method and system, which are used for solving the problem that the terminal in an aircraft cannot communicate through a ground base station in the flight process of the existing aircraft.
The embodiment of the invention provides the following specific technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an aviation communication method is provided, which is applied to an aviation communication system, where the aviation communication system includes an aircraft and at least one ground base station, there is a communication connection between the aircraft and the ground base station, and there is an overlapping area between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations, the method includes: when the aircraft transmits communication data for the first time, transmitting control information UCI corresponding to the communication data to a ground base station; and the communication data is packaged; in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends the packaged communication data to the ground base station and informs the ground base station to receive the packaged communication data according to the UCI; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the aircraft further includes at least one radio frequency antenna and a wireless communication terminal, where the radio frequency antenna is in communication connection with the wireless communication terminal, and the wireless communication terminal communicates with the ground base station through the radio frequency antenna; the radio frequency antenna is a vertical polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and when the radio frequency antenna is the vertical polarization antenna, the vertical polarization antenna is a directional antenna with a wave beam broadband in a preset range.
With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the method further includes: in the HARQ process, the sequence of the version numbers of the communication data after being processed by the aircraft retransmission packet is version 0, version 2, version 3, and version 1.
In a second aspect, an aviation communication method is provided, which is applied to an aviation communication system, the aviation communication system includes an aircraft, at least one ground base station, a communication connection exists between the aircraft and the ground base station, and an overlapping area exists between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations, the method includes: the ground base station receives a data packet sent by the aircraft for the first time, and if communication data sent by the aircraft are not obtained after the data packet is demodulated, the ground base station performs hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) combining processing from the first time of data retransmission; wherein, the maximum retransmission times of the HARQ is at least five times, and the data packet at least contains control information UCI; and the ground base station receives the communication data retransmitted by the aircraft according to the UCI.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the method further includes: in the HARQ process, the sequence of the version numbers of the communication data retransmitted by the aircraft received by the ground base station is version 0, version 2, version 3 and version 1.
In a third aspect, an aeronautical communication system is provided, which includes an aircraft and at least one ground base station, where there is a communication connection between the aircraft and the ground base station, and there is an overlapping area between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations, where: the aircraft is used for transmitting control information UCI corresponding to communication data to a ground base station when the aircraft transmits the communication data for the first time; and the communication data is packaged; in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends packed and processed communication data to the ground base station; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five; and the ground base station is used for receiving the communication data after the group packet processing according to the UCI.
With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the aircraft further includes at least one radio frequency antenna and a wireless communication terminal, where the radio frequency antenna is in communication connection with the wireless communication terminal, and the wireless communication terminal communicates with the ground base station through the radio frequency antenna; the radio frequency antenna is a vertical polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and when the radio frequency antenna is the vertical polarization antenna, the vertical polarization antenna is a directional antenna with a wave beam broadband in a preset range.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the radio frequency antenna is located on the belly or the top of the aircraft; or, the radio frequency antenna is positioned on the left side or the right side of the aircraft; alternatively, the radio frequency antennas are mounted on the belly and the crown of the aircraft, respectively.
With reference to the third aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, in the HARQ process, the order of the version numbers of the communication data after being processed by the aircraft retransmission packet set is version 0, version 2, version 3, and version 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, a wireless broadband network system which provides continuous signal coverage for an aircraft and is based on a 4G and evolution technology ground mobile cellular network technology is provided, the aeronautical communication system establishes wireless cellular seamless coverage for an airspace by one or more ground 4G and evolution technology wireless base stations (hereinafter referred to as wireless base stations), and the embodiment of the invention modifies an air interface protocol of ground 4G and evolution technology mobile communication so that the aeronautical system can be suitable for high-speed flight in the air; and the aircraft flies in the airspace covered by the aviation communication system, and the carried receiver can receive and transmit signals with the ground 4G of the aviation system and the evolution technology wireless base station thereof, establish connection and perform high-speed data transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aerial communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an aviation communication process according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 and fig. 4 are timing diagrams of uplink data transmission in a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 and fig. 6 are timing diagrams of downlink data transmission in a second aeronautical communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an airborne communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the airborne communication system includes an aircraft 10, and at least one ground base station 11, where:
there is a communication connection between the aircraft 10 and the ground base station 11, and there is an overlapping area between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations 11, where:
an aircraft 10 configured to transmit control information (UCI) corresponding to communication data to a ground base station when the aircraft 10 initially transmits the communication data; and the communication data is packaged; in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends the packed and processed communication data to the ground base station; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five;
and the ground base station 11 is configured to receive the grouped and processed communication data according to the UCI.
Further, the aircraft 10 further includes at least one radio frequency antenna and a wireless communication terminal, where the radio frequency antenna is in communication connection with the wireless communication terminal, and the wireless communication terminal communicates with the ground base station 11 through the radio frequency antenna; the radio frequency antenna is a vertical polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and when the radio frequency antenna is the vertical polarization antenna, the vertical polarization antenna is a directional antenna with a wave beam broadband in a preset range.
Optionally, the radio frequency antenna and the wireless communication terminal are connected by a wired manner.
Optionally, the radio frequency antenna is located on the belly or on the roof of the aircraft; or, the radio frequency antenna is positioned on the left side or the right side of the aircraft; alternatively, the radio frequency antennas are mounted on the belly and the crown of the aircraft, respectively.
Further, in the HARQ process, the sequence of the version numbers of the communication data after being processed by the aircraft retransmission packet is version 0, version 2, version 3, and version 1.
Optionally, the aviation communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to FDD (frequency aircraft nc division duplex; frequency division duplex) LTE (Long Term Evolution) application scenarios.
Example two
Based on the aviation communication system according to the first embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a data transmission process of the aviation communication system includes:
step 200: when the aircraft transmits communication data for the first time, transmitting control information UCI corresponding to the communication data to a ground base station, and packaging the communication data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before the data retransmission is performed between the aircraft and the ground base station, the aircraft and the ground base station should be synchronized.
Step 210: in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends packed and processed communication data to the ground base station; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five.
In the embodiment of the invention, for an FDD LTE system, the uplink HARQ is in a synchronous mode, and the number of HARQ processes is 8. Referring to fig. 3, which is a timing diagram (TX diagram) of a HARQ process that is normal in the prior art, after the aircraft performs uplink and downlink synchronization, the timing is completely synchronized with the ground base station. In a certain HARQ process, after sending DCI0 to the aircraft at subframe 0, the ground base station expects to receive uplink data sent by the aircraft at subframe 4, and after demodulating, the ground base station feeds back the a/N result of the uplink data to the aircraft at subframe 8, and if the result fed back by the ground base station is NACK, the aircraft needs to retransmit the uplink data block at subframe 12. In this process, each time data is initially transmitted, the MAC (Media Access Control) layer needs to perform a packet packing operation on the transmission data, which takes a long time, and at least 3 milliseconds are required to transmit uplink data from the time when the aircraft receives the DCI0 sent by the ground base station to the time when the packet packing is completed. And in each retransmission, because the uplink data does not need to be packaged again, the uplink data can be transmitted only by selecting different retransmission versions, and the processing time can be shortened to 2 milliseconds. When the coverage area of a cell is 200 kilometers, at the edge of the cell, the path delay corresponding to data transmission between an aircraft and a ground base station can reach 1.34 milliseconds, the aircraft needs to send uplink data 1.3 milliseconds in advance, because the time length required by the aircraft for data packet reassembly is 3 milliseconds, the transmission time length required by the aircraft for transmitting the reassembled data packet to the ground base station is 1.34 milliseconds, the sum of the reassembly time length and the transmission time length is more than 4 milliseconds, the aircraft cannot send the reassembled data packet to the ground base station in a subframe 4, when data is initially transmitted, the coverage area of the cell is too large, the processing capacity of the aircraft is exceeded, and retransmission has no problem.
Based on the above technical problem, referring to fig. 4, when the aircraft is closer to the ground base station (less than a set value, e.g., 100 km), the aircraft performs initial data transmission and retransmission processing according to the normal HARQ processing timing shown in fig. 2; when the aircraft is far away from the ground base station (more than a set value), the aircraft does not transmit real uplink data but only transmits UCI information to the ground base station at each initial transmission, and the ground base station replies NACK to the aircraft according to a normal HARQ processing sequence and starts a retransmission program when the initial transmission data of the aircraft is not received at a subframe 8; and in the retransmission, the aircraft has enough time to finish the transmission of the uplink data, and the aircraft and the base station finish the combination and retransmission according to the normal HARQ processing sequence. In order not to affect the demodulation performance of the base station, the maximum number of retransmissions is increased from 4 times to 5 times, which are specified in the existing protocol.
Further, in the above five retransmission processes, the order of retransmission version numbers is changed from (0, 2, 3, 1) to (0, 0, 2, 3, 1); for the ground base station, if the result of the ground base station returning the value aircraft after the initial transmission demodulation is NACK, the ground base station performs HARQ combination from the first retransmission. In addition, the ground base station does not refer to the initial Block error rate (BLER) for scheduling resources such as MCS (Mymova Checkin System; modulation and coding strategy) and RB (Resource Block; Resource Block), and refers to the BLER of the first retransmission in case of the initial transmission error.
Similar to the uplink HARQ problem, in order to support a cell radius of 200 km, the downlink HARQ process also needs to be modified. As shown in fig. 5, a normal downlink HARQ process in the FDD LTE system assumes a synchronous mode, there are 8 HARQ processes, and the RTT of each HARQ process is 8 subframes (one subframe is 1ms), that is, the ground base station transmits downlink data in subframe 0, the aircraft needs to return an a/N result in subframe 4, and the ground base station performs retransmission in subframe 8. The aircraft processes a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and prepares an A/N feedback value, at least 3 milliseconds are needed, the corresponding path delay of data transmission between the aircraft and a ground base station is 1.34 milliseconds at a distance of 200 kilometers, and the aircraft cannot prepare the A/N value in time if a normal Downlink HARQ time sequence is adopted.
Based on the above technical problem, referring to fig. 6, when the aircraft is far away from the ground base station, the aircraft fixedly replies NACK at the time (subframe 4) when the a/N result of the downlink initial transmission needs to be replied, while the downlink decoding continues, and the obtained a/N value is stored by software. And after receiving the NACK again, the ground base station retransmits the NACK in a subframe 8, and in a subframe 12, the aircraft feeds back an A/N value according to the stored last A/N result. And if the last A/N result is ACK, the aircraft does not decode the retransmission and directly discards the retransmission. In order to guarantee demodulation performance, the retransmission times are increased from 4 times specified by the existing protocol to 5 times, and the retransmission version order is changed to (0, 1, 2, 3, 0).
Step 220: and the ground base station receives the communication data after the group packet processing according to the UCI.
In summary, in the aviation communication system, one or more ground 4G and its evolved technology radio base station (hereinafter referred to as radio base station) establish a wireless cellular seamless coverage to airspace, and the embodiment of the present invention modifies the air interface protocol of the ground 4G and its evolved technology mobile communication, so that it is suitable for an aircraft flying at high speed in the air; and the aircraft flies in the airspace covered by the aviation communication system, and the carried receiver can receive and transmit signals with the ground 4G of the aviation system and the evolution technology wireless base station thereof, establish connection and perform high-speed data transmission.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. An aeronautical communication method applied to an aeronautical communication system, wherein the aeronautical communication system comprises an aircraft and at least two ground base stations, a communication connection exists between the aircraft and the ground base stations, and an overlapping area exists between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the aircraft transmits communication data for the first time, transmitting control information UCI corresponding to the communication data to a ground base station; and are
Performing packet packing processing on the communication data;
in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends the packaged communication data to the ground base station and informs the ground base station to receive the packaged communication data according to the UCI; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aircraft further comprises at least one radio frequency antenna and a wireless communication terminal, the radio frequency antenna being in communication connection with the wireless communication terminal, the wireless communication terminal communicating with the ground base station through the radio frequency antenna;
the radio frequency antenna is a vertical polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and when the radio frequency antenna is the vertical polarization antenna, the vertical polarization antenna is a directional antenna with a wave beam broadband in a preset range.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the method further comprises:
in the HARQ process, the sequence of the version numbers of the communication data after being processed by the aircraft retransmission packet is version 0, version 2, version 3, and version 1.
4. An airborne communication system, comprising an aircraft and at least two ground base stations, wherein a communication connection exists between the aircraft and the ground base stations, and an overlapping area exists between coverage areas of signals transmitted by two adjacent ground base stations, wherein:
the aircraft is used for transmitting control information UCI corresponding to communication data to a ground base station when the aircraft transmits the communication data for the first time; and the communication data is packaged; in a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process, the aircraft sends packed and processed communication data to the ground base station; wherein the maximum number of retransmissions of the HARQ is at least five;
and the ground base station is used for receiving the communication data after the group packet processing according to the UCI.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the aircraft further comprises at least one radio frequency antenna and a wireless communication terminal, the radio frequency antenna being in communication connection with the wireless communication terminal, the wireless communication terminal communicating with the ground base station through the radio frequency antenna;
the radio frequency antenna is a vertical polarization antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, and when the radio frequency antenna is the vertical polarization antenna, the vertical polarization antenna is a directional antenna with a wave beam broadband in a preset range.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the radio frequency antenna is located on the belly or on the crown of the aircraft; or, the radio frequency antenna is positioned on the left side or the right side of the aircraft; alternatively, the radio frequency antennas are mounted on the belly and the crown of the aircraft, respectively.
7. The system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in the HARQ process, the sequence of the version numbers of the communication data processed by the aircraft retransmission packet is version 0, version 2, version 3 and version 1.
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| CN201610245077.4A CN107306149B (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | Aviation communication method and system |
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| CN111050381B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| US11424868B2 (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2022-08-23 | Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for user equipment processing timeline enhancement in mobile communications |
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