CN107163222B - 耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107163222B
CN107163222B CN201710509236.1A CN201710509236A CN107163222B CN 107163222 B CN107163222 B CN 107163222B CN 201710509236 A CN201710509236 A CN 201710509236A CN 107163222 B CN107163222 B CN 107163222B
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杨林超
李明友
唐国涛
张佳佳
周生鹏
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Abstract

本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体涉及一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料及其制备方法。以官能度为4.5‑6、羟值为450‑480、pH为6.5‑7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇,官能度为3.5‑5.5、羟值为350‑380、pH为6.5‑7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇,官能度为2、羟值为270‑320、pH为6.5‑7的聚酯多元醇和多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯为原料制备得到。本发明采用微酸性、中心对称、极性偏弱的聚醚、聚酯相互搭配,同时用环保的甲酸甲酯作为发泡剂,制得的仿木制品密度低、硬度高,储存1个月指标无明显变化,满足聚氨酯仿木材料的性能指标要求,能够用来制备样式复杂的仿木产品,本发明还提供制备方法,科学合理、简单易行。

Description

耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,具体涉及一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的逐步提高,人们对于木材和木制品的需求量也随之增加,森林资源的过度开采利用,造成生态环境恶化和水土流失,能够用作替代木材的树脂包括聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等,其中,聚氨酯仿木材料具有很高的刚性和机械强度、生产工艺简单、制品外形美观等特点,可以完美代替木材来用作高档制品,因此,聚氨酯仿木材料成为一个阳光、可以有效替代木材的新型功能型材料。
虽然聚氨酯仿木材料性能优异,但是从环保角度来看,还存在一大问题,聚氨酯仿木材料通常分为141B发泡体系和全水发泡体系两类,其中,141B发泡体系为目前的主流体系,但是141B发泡体系不属于环保发泡剂,世界各地都在逐步对其进行限制使用;全水体系泡沫结皮薄、强度低,达不到应用要求,因此,寻求一种环保、泡沫强度高的发泡体系成为当务之急,甲酸甲酯发泡体系可以完全满足以上要求,但甲酸甲酯在常规组合料体系内易分解,本发明提出了一种有效的缓解甲酸甲酯分解的方法,从而制成耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,达到环保、高强度的要求,实现对木材的替代。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,环保,制备得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木制品具有密度低、硬度高的特点,储存1个月指标无明显变化,满足聚氨酯仿木材料的性能指标要求,能够用来制备样式复杂的仿木产品;本发明还提供其制备方法。
本发明所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,以官能度为4.5-6、羟值为450-480、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇,官能度为3.5-5.5、羟值为350-380、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇,官能度为2、羟值为270-320、pH为6.5-7的聚酯多元醇和多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯为原料制备得到。
本发明所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,由A组分和B组分制成,其中:
以重量份数计,A组分包括以下原料:
Figure BDA0001335373650000011
Figure BDA0001335373650000021
其中,聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚酯多元醇三种原料总重量份数为100份;
聚醚多元醇A为官能度为4.5-6、羟值为450-480、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇;
聚醚多元醇B为官能度为3.5-5.5、羟值为350-380、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇;
聚酯多元醇为官能度为2、羟值为270-320、pH为6.5-7的聚酯多元醇;
B组分为:多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯。
聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚酯多元醇均以对称结构分子为起始剂,优选地,聚醚多元醇A以山梨醇或二甘醇为起始剂,聚醚多元醇B以山梨醇或二甘醇为起始剂,聚酯多元醇以二元羧酸为起始剂。
聚醚多元醇A优选YNW-482,生产厂家为山东一诺威新材料有限公司。
聚醚多元醇B优选SA-380,生产厂家为山东蓝星东大有限公司。
聚酯多元醇C优选PS-2915生产厂家为南京斯泰潘化学有限公司。
所述的泡沫稳定剂为聚氨酯硬泡硅油,优选AK-8886,生产厂家为江苏美思德化学股份有限公司。
所述的催化剂为N,N-二甲基环己胺(Y-12)、N,N-二甲基苄胺(Y-27)、1,3,5-三(二甲氨基丙基)-六氢化三嗪(PC-41)或五甲基二亚乙基三胺(PC-5)中的一种或多种,生产厂家均为美国空气化工公司。
多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯优选为M20S,巴斯夫市售产品。
A组分与B组分的重量比为1:1。
本发明所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚酯多元醇加入反应釜中搅拌,然后加入泡沫稳定剂、甲酸甲酯和催化剂,常温下搅拌,得到A组分;
(2)将A组分与B组分按照重量比为1:1的比例混合进行反应,得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料。
步骤(1)中所述的搅拌时间为10-30分钟。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)本发明通过采用微酸性、中心对称、极性偏弱的聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇进行相互搭配,同时选取环保的甲酸甲酯作为发泡剂,制备得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木制品具有密度低、硬度高的特点,制品在密度为130-150kg/m3,邵氏硬度能够达到D45以上,储存1个月指标无明显变化,满足聚氨酯仿木材料的性能指标要求,能够用来制备样式复杂的仿木产品。
(2)本发明提供其制备方法,科学合理,简单易行。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,包括以下原料:
以重量份数计,A组分:
Figure BDA0001335373650000031
B组分:
巴斯夫M20S。
制备方法如下:
(1)将YNW-482、SA-380、PS-2915加入反应釜中搅拌,然后加入AK-8886、甲酸甲酯、Y-12、Y-27和PC-41,常温下搅拌20min,得到A组分;
(2)将A组分与B组分按照重量比为1:1.0的比例混合进行反应,得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,检测结果见表1。
表1实施例1产品检测结果
泡沫密度kg/m<sup>3</sup> 邵氏硬度D
刚生产完 137 46
储存1个月后 141 47
实施例2
一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,包括以下原料:
以重量份数计,A组分:
Figure BDA0001335373650000041
B组分:
巴斯夫M20S。
制备方法如下:
(1)将YNW-482、SA-380、PS-2915加入反应釜中搅拌,然后加入AK-8886、甲酸甲酯、PC-5、Y-27和PC-41,常温下搅拌20min,得到A组分;
(2)将A组分与B组分按照重量比为1:1.0的比例混合进行反应,得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,检测结果见表2。
表2实施例2产品检测结果
泡沫密度kg/m<sup>3</sup> 邵氏硬度D
刚生产完 140 47
储存1个月后 143 47
实施例3
一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,包括以下原料:
以重量份数计,A组分:
Figure BDA0001335373650000042
Figure BDA0001335373650000051
B组分:
巴斯夫M20S。
制备方法如下:
(1)将YNW-482、SA-380、PS-2915加入反应釜中搅拌,然后加入AK-8886、甲酸甲酯、Y-12、Y-27和PC-41,常温下搅拌20min,得到A组分;
(2)将A组分与B组分按照重量比为1:1.0的比例混合进行反应,得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,检测结果见表3。
表3实施例3产品检测结果
自由泡密度kg/m<sup>3</sup> 邵氏硬度D
刚生产完 147 49
储存1个月后 151 50
由实施例1-3可知,得到的聚氨酯仿木制品具有密度低、硬度高的特点,完全能够满足仿木制品的要求。

Claims (6)

1.一种耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,其特征在于:由A组分和B组分制成,其中:
以重量份数计,A组分为:
聚醚多元醇A 50-70份,
聚醚多元醇B 20-30份,
聚酯多元醇 10-20份,
泡沫稳定剂 2.0-3.0份,
催化剂 1.5-4份,
甲酸甲酯 2-5份;
其中:
聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B和聚酯多元醇三种原料总重量份数为100份;
聚醚多元醇A为官能度为4.5-6、羟值为450-480、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇;
聚醚多元醇B为官能度为3.5-5.5、羟值为350-380、pH为6.5-7的聚氧化丙烯多元醇;
聚酯多元醇为官能度为2、羟值为270-320、pH为6.5-7的聚酯多元醇;
B组分为:多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯;
聚醚多元醇A以山梨醇或二甘醇为起始剂,聚醚多元醇B以山梨醇或二甘醇为起始剂,聚酯多元醇以二元羧酸为起始剂;
聚醚多元醇A为YNW-482,聚醚多元醇B为SA-380,聚酯多元醇C为PS-2915;
催化剂为N,N-二甲基环己胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺、1,3,5-三(二甲氨基丙基)-六氢化三嗪或五甲基二亚乙基三胺中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,其特征在于:泡沫稳定剂为AK-8886。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,其特征在于:多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯为M20S。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料,其特征在于:A组分与B组分的重量比为1:1。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚酯多元醇加入反应釜中搅拌,然后加入泡沫稳定剂、甲酸甲酯和催化剂,常温下搅拌,得到A组分;
(2)将A组分与B组分按照重量比为1:1的比例混合进行反应,得到耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的耐储存甲酸甲酯聚氨酯仿木材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的搅拌时间为10-30分钟。
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