CN107096252B - The method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls - Google Patents
The method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls Download PDFInfo
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- CN107096252B CN107096252B CN201710307325.8A CN201710307325A CN107096252B CN 107096252 B CN107096252 B CN 107096252B CN 201710307325 A CN201710307325 A CN 201710307325A CN 107096252 B CN107096252 B CN 107096252B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
- B01D3/4211—Regulation; Control of columns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls.The actual operation parameters such as rectifying column top return temperature Te, tower top pressure P, overhead reflux liquid composition X are acquired, are determined with reference to the overhead reflux amount Re and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td under operating condition.Then, phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp are calculated according to parameter collected.Meanwhile according to principles of rectification, the regurgitant volume Re ' for guaranteeing tower top disintegrate-quality under different phegma temperature Te is calculated, binding isotherm derives founding mathematical models.Finally, the configuration mathematical model on the backstage Distributed Control System DCS, realizes the function of calculating control backflow volume Re ' by mathematical model.The present invention is by the control of optimization rectifying column cooling capacity input, according to the variation adjust automatically overhead reflux liquid measure Re ' of reflux temperature Te, achievees the effect that stable tower top product quality, energy-saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls.
Background technique
Rectifying column energy consumption accounting in chemical plant installations is larger, the rectifying column particularly with high-grade steam as heat source, energy
Consumption can even account for 50% or more of entire process or device, therefore the energy hole for optimizing rectifying column is of great significance.
Current most of the top of the distillation column are all made of regurgitant volume Set-value adjustment, phegma temperature because influenced by ambient temperature,
Variation range is then 3~7 DEG C small, and more then 20~80 DEG C.According to operating experience or theory analysis it is found that when regurgitant volume keeps certain
When, reflux temperature variation, then flow back flow stock carrying energy will change, the top of the distillation column substantially when ascending vapor and return
The Mas s balance and energy conservation process of flow liquid phase, when liquid phase carry energy change, the gas-liquid separation effect of tower top tower tray
It will change, reflux temperature is high, it is meant that reflux cooling capacity is small, it will be appreciated that small, the separation effect that compares design conditions for finite reflux
Fruit is bad, and product quality fails to meet production requirements；Reflux temperature is low, it is meant that reflux cooling capacity is big, it will be appreciated that is finite reflux ratio
Bigger than design conditions, more preferably, gas phase is by cold more for the separating effect of light component, it is meant that and yield will decline, meanwhile, tower reactor heat
Also by increasing to reach high score from demand, i.e. the unit consumption of product will increase power.So to guarantee that energy consumption is lower and meets simultaneously
Product quality requirement, when top products quality carries out bounder control, the variation of phegma temperature will cause product quality to fluctuate,
It is unqualified to likely result in product quality.The external disturbance into tower top cannot be made to reduce to most using traditional reflux Set-value adjustment
It is small.
In addition, certain rectifying columns can guarantee reflux using the scheme of return tank liquid level tandem adjustment regurgitant volume, the program
Tank level stability, but when ambient temperature variation, the energy that reflux stream carries can equally change, and influence the gas-liquid of rectifying column
Balance；Or certain towers are using the scheme of sensitive plate temperature cascade adjustment regurgitant volume, on the one hand, sensitive plate temperature-responsive may deposit
Unobvious compared with large time delay or temperature gradient distribution, for automatic control angle, i.e. the pure delay time of controlled variable it is too long or
Person's manipulating variable is too small to the gain of controlled variable, is all difficult to be adjusted by conventional pid loop, on the other hand, reflux
After temperature change, the variation of temperature will gradually pass to sensitive plate in tower, can just go adjustment regurgitant volume after sensitive plate response variation,
Inevitable process lag is equally existed, and using regurgitant volume self adaptive control is to adjust regurgitant volume in advance before entering tower,
Similar to the thinking of feedforward control, control more timely and effective；Or certain towers are using controlling under first layer tower tray by the way of liquid measure
Return valve is adjusted, the more difficult determination of liquid measure under the tower tray in this control mode under different operating conditions, operator cannot root
The setting value of liquid measure under tower tray is relatively reasonably given according to operating condition variation, unsuitable operator controls.
Accordingly, it is considered to control effectively using regurgitant volume automatic adjusument scheme to tower tray decline liquid measure in tower, the party
The more traditional reflux Set-value adjustment scheme of case, which has, reduces tower reactor steam, level fluctuation, reduces operator's workload and steady
The advantage of fixed output quota quality.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to stablize the cooling capacity of rectifying column top return, realize that the top of the distillation column is returned by mathematical model
Adaptive-flow is adjusted, and is mainly used for the change of phegma temperature caused by avoiding water cooler recirculated water or air cooler air temperature variations
Change the influence generated to the top of the distillation column product quality and tower reactor steam consumption, simultaneously as regurgitant volume automatically adjusts, device is certainly
Control rate is improved, and reduces manipulation strength.
According to the present invention, a kind of method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls is provided, method includes the following steps:
1) data acquire: determining the reference operating condition for meeting rectifying column separation requirement, determine reference corresponding with reference operating condition
Overhead reflux amount Re and with reference to overhead reflux liquid temperature Td under operating condition under operating condition；Acquisition includes the actual measurement phegma of the top of the distillation column
Temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid form the parameter including X；
2) simulation calculates: including actual measurement phegma temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and including overhead reflux liquid forms X
Parameter based on, phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance is calculated using chemical process simulation software Aspen
Cp；
3) it establishes model: establishing following formula (1) as mathematical model:
The finite reflux amount that Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating condition；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heat of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating condition；
Te=surveys phegma temperature；
4) the finite reflux amount Re ' for needing to control is calculated by the mathematical model on DCS.
Preferably, step 4) is done as follows:
Firstly, the calculation block of the backstage DCS configuration formula (1), inputs calculation block for Hv, Cp and Td and by operating
Then the numerical value of member write parameters Re on DCS picture will input calculation block by the Te of online thermometer real-time measurement
It is calculated, so that the value of Re ' be determined by calculation.
In the above-mentioned methods, it is preferable that Re ' is the setting value of a flow control circuit on DCS, to realize regurgitant volume
Automatic control.
Generally, in step 1), the ginseng for meeting rectifying column separation requirement is determined according to design document and actual operating data
Operating condition is examined, determines and refers to operating condition corresponding overhead reflux amount Re and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td, and acquire rectifying column using tool
The parameters such as overhead reflux liquid temperature Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X.
Generally, in step 3), it is based on rectifying column principle, when meeting separation requirement by theory deduction foundation, needs to control
Mathematical relationship between the finite reflux amount Re ' and finite reflux liquid temperature Te of system.
In general, step 4) are as follows:
4) DCS configuration: the calculation block of the backstage DCS configuration formula (1), the Te of entered function block are needed through online temperature
Degree meter real-time measurement, Hv, Cp, Td are to calculate determining parameter according to design document and simulation, and Re is operator on DCS picture
The value of Re ' is determined by calculation in the parameter of writeable value, calculation block；Re ' is the setting of a flow control circuit on DCS
Value, to realize the automatic control of regurgitant volume.
In simple terms, the present invention provides a kind of method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls, and this method includes following step
It is rapid: to determine the reference operating condition for meeting rectifying column separation requirement, determine and refer to the corresponding overhead reflux amount Re of operating condition and overhead reflux
Liquid temperature Td, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature Te is acquired using tool, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid form X parameter,
Data based on acquisition calculate phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp using chemical-process software Aspen, then
It establishes and maintains one timing of tower top cooling capacity, the mathematical model of phegma temperature Te and regurgitant volume Re ', and pass through the mathematics on DCS
Model calculates control backflow volume Re '.
Further, the reference operating condition for meeting rectifying column separation requirement is determined according to design document and actual operating data；
Further, it is based on rectifying column principle, when meeting separation requirement by theory deduction foundation, the reality that needs to control
Mathematical relationship between regurgitant volume Re ' and finite reflux liquid temperature Te is as follows:
In formula, finite reflux amount that Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating condition；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heat of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating condition；
Te=surveys phegma temperature.
The present invention compares more existing control, there is following advantage: (1) when overhead condenser is circulating water, working as recirculated water
When temperature change causes reflux temperature of charge variation, it is not required to manually adjust regurgitant volume；(2) when overhead condenser is that air is cooling,
When temperature control or circular temperature loads cause reflux temperature of charge variation, it is not required to manually adjust regurgitant volume；(3)
Since external environment causes reflux temperature variation to be compensated, enters tower cooling capacity temperature, stable product quality and steam are made
With generation favorable influence.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is reflux temperature Te and Re '/Re graph of relation, shows different reflux temperature Te and calculates adjustment automatically
Re’。
Fig. 2 is a kind of control schematic diagram of the top of the distillation column cooling capacity autocontrol method of the invention, and wherein f (x) is hair
Mathematical model described in bright content.
Wherein, S40 is 40 kg of vapor of reboiler heat source, FC (FIC-01001, FIC-01002, FIC-01003, FIC-
It 01004) is flow controller (respectively feed rate, steam flow, return flow and tower reactor produce flow), E0101 is to change
Hot device, P0101 and P0102 are pump, and PC (PIC-01001) is tower top pressure controller, and HC-01001 is input with reference under operating condition
The writeable parameter module of overhead reflux amount, LC (LIC-01001, LIC-01002) are fluid level controller, and TI (TI-01001) is back
Flow liquid temperature sensor.
The product of rectifying is needed to enter XX product tower (rectifying column) by FIC-01001 control, overhead product is via pump P0101
A part reflux, a part are seen off as separation product, and tower kettle product is conveyed via pump P0102.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
(1) the reference operating condition for meeting rectifying column separation requirement is determined according to design document and actual operating data, determines ginseng
Operating condition corresponding overhead reflux amount Re and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td are examined, and acquires rectifying column top return liquid temperature using tool
Te (TI-01001.PV), tower top pressure P (PIC-01001.PV) and overhead reflux liquid form X parameter；
(2) it is based on rectifying column top return liquid temperature Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X parameter utilize chemical industry
Process simulation software Aspen calculates phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp；
(3) backstage DCS increases by 3 variables, and variable name is set to overhead reflux liquid heat of gasification Hv, overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance
Cp and refer to operating condition overhead reflux liquid temperature Td, and determine corresponding parameter value according to (1) (2), only backstage as it can be seen that operator not
It is writeable；
(4) rectifying column top return liquid design temperature sensor, and in teletransmission to DCS picture, such as TI-01001, and
Increase parameter Te on the backstage DCS, signal quotes the measured value of TI-01001；
(5) backstage DCS increases the parameter Re that value is write for operator, and reference data links HC- on DCS picture
01001；
(6) backstage DCS increases computing module, and the input of computing module is Te, Td, Hv, Cp, Re, calculating formula such as formula
(1), the output of computing module is Re '
(7) backstage DCS increases FIC-01003 flow-control module, and links in DCS picture reference data, which sets
Meter manually, automatic and three kinds of control models of tandem, under tandem mode, loop settings value quotes Re '.
(8) it after solution Config, needs to adjust DCS relevant parameter such as pid parameter, then come into operation.
Embodiment 1
Certain chemical plant product tower is used for the separation of product and heavy constituent, and tower reactor uses S40 as heat source, because by environment temperature
Degree influence, condensation cycle coolant-temperature gage in Dong Xia and round the clock between change greatly, variation range is usually at 25~31 DEG C, so that product tower
Overhead reflux temperature fluctuates within the scope of 25~34 DEG C, flows back bigger, and tower reactor steam consumption is in 3.6t/h.For this purpose, according to
The method that this patent the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls is designed and implements, and it is 34 that determination, which is reflux temperature Td with reference to operating condition,
DEG C, regurgitant volume Re is 5.5t/h, acquires rectifying column top return liquid temperature Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid using tool
X parameter is formed, and determines that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is 467.8kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp by Aspen flowsheeting
It is 2.4kJ/kg. DEG C, changes after reflux temperature Te, regurgitant volume Re ' is according to configuration computing function (formula (1) ) flow adjustment is realized automatically, as shown in Figure 1.
After the product tower implements the method that this patent the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls, people is not necessarily to when reflux temperature changes
Work operates regurgitant volume, and operating frequency reduces by 5 times/class, and overhead product quality realizes edge operation, and the overhead product rate of recovery improves
0.1%, the fluctuation of tower sensitive plate reduces by 1.5 DEG C, and tower reactor level fluctuation reduces by 5%, and tower reactor steam energy consumption reduces 0.1t/h, economy effect
Beneficial about 11.2 ten thousand yuan/year.
Embodiment 2
Certain chemical plant treating column is used for the separation of product and impurity, and using S15 as heat source, which uses tower reactor
Air cooler condensation causes phegma temperature change section from 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C since northern Changes in weather is big, it is meant that practical to return
It flows cooling capacity variation greatly, brings the operating quantity of up to 26 times/class, tower reactor steam consumption is average in 15t/h.For this purpose, according to this patent
The method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls is designed and implements, and it is 59 DEG C that determination, which is reflux temperature Td with reference to operating condition, returns
Flow Re is 13t/h, acquires rectifying column top return liquid temperature Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X ginseng using tool
Number, and determine that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is 1330.68kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp is by Aspen flowsheeting
3.8kJ/kg. DEG C, the automatic control that comes into operation after the configuration mathematical model of the backstage DCS is (according to (formula (1) ), implement progress data analysis in 1 year: be effectively reduced operation 1800 time/month of the frequency, tower pressure fluctuation compared with
Few 0.3kpa, whole tower temperature fluctuation reduce by 2.3 DEG C, and overhead product quality fluctuation reduces by 0.3%, tower reactor energy consumption reduce by 780,000 yuan/
Year.
Embodiment 3
Certain chemical plant lightness-removing column is used for the separation of product and light component, and using S10 as heat source, which makes tower reactor
, with Changes in weather, lead to phegma temperature since circulation water and air has day and night temperature with air cooler and recirculated water B-grade condensation
Constant interval is spent from 30 DEG C to 78 DEG C, it is meant that finite reflux cooling capacity changes greatly, brings the operating quantity of up to 32 times/class, tower reactor
Steam consumption is average in 8t/h.For this purpose, be designed and implement according to the method that this patent the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls,
It is 65 DEG C that determination, which is reflux temperature Td with reference to operating condition, and regurgitant volume Re is 10t/h, and tool is utilized to acquire rectifying column top return liquid temperature
Te is spent, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid form X parameter, and determine that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is by Aspen flowsheeting
960.28kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp is 2.1kJ/kg. DEG C, and come into operation automatic control after the configuration mathematical model of the backstage DCS
System is (according to (formula (1)), implement half a year progress data analysis: operation frequency is effectively reduced
Secondary 2300 time/month, tower pressure fluctuate less 0.6kpa, and whole tower temperature fluctuation reduces by 2 DEG C, and overhead product quality fluctuation reduces by 0.4%,
Tower reactor energy consumption reduces by 590,000 yuan/year.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that the top of the distillation column cooling capacity automatically controls, method includes the following steps:
1) data acquire: determining the reference operating condition for meeting rectifying column separation requirement, determine corresponding with reference to operating condition with reference to operating condition
Lower overhead reflux amount Re and with reference to overhead reflux liquid temperature Td under operating condition；Acquisition includes the actual measurement phegma temperature of the top of the distillation column
Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid form the parameter including X；
2) simulation calculates: including surveying the ginseng including phegma temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid form X
Based on number, phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp is calculated using chemical process simulation software Aspen；
3) it establishes model: establishing following formula (1) as mathematical model:
The finite reflux amount that Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating condition；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heat of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating condition；
Te=surveys phegma temperature；
4) the finite reflux amount Re ' for needing to control is calculated by the mathematical model on DCS.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein step 4) is done as follows:
Firstly, the calculation block of the backstage DCS configuration formula (1), inputs calculation block for Hv, Cp and Td and is existed by operator
The numerical value of write parameters Re on DCS picture, then by by the Te of online thermometer real-time measurement input calculation block come into
Row calculates, so that the value of Re ' be determined by calculation.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Re ' is the setting value of a flow control circuit on DCS, from
And realize the automatic control of regurgitant volume.
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| CN109603186A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 北京世纪隆博科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rectifying tower top temperature and return tank liquid level decoupling control method |
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| CN114470845B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2024-06-25 | 山西潞安煤基清洁能源有限责任公司 | Rectifying tower top reflux temperature regulating system and process |
| CN114307219B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-03-17 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for rectifying and adjusting propylene rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN115113525A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-27 | 江苏师范大学 | Binary rectifying tower load interference suppression method and system |
| CN114970375B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-04 | 山东飞扬化工有限公司 | Rectification process monitoring method based on real-time sampling data |
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Denomination of invention: Automatic control method of overhead cooling capacity of distillation column Effective date of registration: 20211123 Granted publication date: 20190607 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Yantai branch Pledgor: Wanhua Chemical Group Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980013026 |
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