CN107024665B - Method for calibrating residual capacity of battery - Google Patents
Method for calibrating residual capacity of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024665B CN107024665B CN201710349787.6A CN201710349787A CN107024665B CN 107024665 B CN107024665 B CN 107024665B CN 201710349787 A CN201710349787 A CN 201710349787A CN 107024665 B CN107024665 B CN 107024665B
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- battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calibrating the residual capacity of a battery, which comprises the following steps: determining the working voltage range required by the load of the battery; in the working voltage range, performing discharge test on the battery, and testing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery by using an open-circuit voltage method; storing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery; judging whether the battery is in a standby state or not; and if so, detecting the current terminal voltage of the battery, and calibrating the residual capacity of the battery according to the relation curve. The method comprises the steps of judging whether the battery is in a standby state or not through the condition that the battery is in the using process, detecting the current terminal voltage of the battery, and calibrating the residual capacity of the battery by utilizing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery, so that errors are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a method for calibrating the residual capacity of a battery.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy in recent years, the energy storage field is valued by all countries in the world, and both new energy automobiles and large container energy storage systems or household small energy storage systems are developed greatly. The battery energy storage system can not only provide power output of an automobile, but also optimize electric energy configuration in power grid configuration, store clean electric energy generated by a photovoltaic system and timely emit the clean electric energy when needed. However, the energy storage system needs to be used with an inverter in the using process, and the inverter generally performs charge and discharge logic control according to the SOC (the remaining capacity of the battery), so the accuracy of the SOC is very important for the stability of the energy storage system. The SOC is related not only to the battery voltage but also to temperature, humidity, SOH (state of health of the battery), current, and the like. Currently, internationally, SOC is a difficult subject, and many countries research it, among which algorithms such as neural network method, kalman filtering method, etc. are not lacked, but these algorithms are complex to implement and require a large amount of data and hardware support with strong data processing capability. The current popular SOC algorithm is a mode of combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method to calculate the SOC, the open-circuit voltage method is used for calibrating the SOC value during power-on, the ampere-hour integration method is used for calculating the SOC change in the actual charging and discharging process, but if the system is always in a starting state, the error of the SOC is highlighted along with the application of the ampere-hour integration along with the time advance, so that the SOC display is full or is not fully discharged in the state that the system is not fully charged, and the SOC display is completely discharged.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for calibrating the remaining capacity of a battery, which can effectively reduce errors during the use of the battery, in order to solve the problem that the existing method for calibrating the remaining capacity of the battery has errors during normal use.
A remaining capacity calibration method of a battery, comprising: determining the working voltage range required by the load of the battery; in the working voltage range, performing discharge test on the battery, and testing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery by using an open-circuit voltage method; storing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery; judging whether the battery is in a standby state or not; and if so, detecting the current terminal voltage of the battery, and calibrating the residual capacity of the battery according to the relation curve.
According to the method for calibrating the residual capacity of the battery, whether the battery is in a standby state or not is judged under the condition that the battery is in the using process, the current terminal voltage of the battery is detected, and the residual capacity of the battery is calibrated by using the corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery, so that errors are effectively reduced.
In one embodiment, the determining whether the battery is in a standby state includes: judging whether the charging and discharging current of the battery is smaller than a set current value or not; if so, recording the duration time that the charging and discharging current of the battery is less than the set current value; and when the duration time that the charging and discharging current is less than the set current value is longer than the set time, determining that the battery is in a standby state.
In one embodiment, the set current value is 0.02C, where C is the charge-discharge rate of the battery.
In one embodiment, the set time is obtained by: discharging the battery at a maximum operating current when the battery is fully charged; in the discharging process, judging whether the current terminal voltage of the battery is smaller than a set voltage value; if so, disconnecting the output circuit of the battery and judging whether the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable; if the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable, recording the time from the disconnection of the output circuit of the battery to the stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery; the elapsed time is set as the set time.
In one embodiment, the set voltage value is a discharge end voltage of the battery.
In one embodiment, the set voltage value is a minimum operating voltage of a battery load.
In one embodiment, the maximum operating current is a maximum operating current of a battery load.
In one embodiment, if the battery is not in a standby state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calibrated by an ampere-hour integration method.
In one embodiment, the relationship curve is divided into 30 to 40 sections uniformly according to the coordinate of the axis of the residual capacity of the battery, and the start point and the end point of the relationship curve in each section are connected by a straight line segment.
In one embodiment, the relation curve is uniformly divided into 34 sections according to the coordinate of the axis of the residual capacity of the battery, and the start point and the end point of the relation curve in each section are connected by a straight line segment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a remaining capacity calibration method of a battery according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method determines whether the battery is in a standby state;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a set time when determining whether a battery is in a standby state in a remaining capacity calibration method of a battery according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for calibrating the remaining capacity of a battery includes the following steps S1100 to S1600.
And step S1100, determining the working voltage range required by the load of the battery.
That is, the minimum operating voltage of the load and the maximum operating voltage of the load are determined according to the load normal operation requirement of the battery, thereby determining the operating range voltage required by the load of the battery.
And S1200, performing a discharge test on the battery within the working voltage range, and testing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery by using an open-circuit voltage method.
The basic principle of the open-circuit voltage method is to fully stand the battery to restore the terminal voltage of the battery to the open-circuit voltage, and the standing time is generally more than 1 hour. It can be understood that the minimum operating voltage of the load corresponds to the minimum remaining capacity of the battery, i.e. zero, and the maximum operating voltage of the load corresponds to the maximum remaining capacity of the battery.
That is, in the open circuit voltage method test, the test is started from the minimum operating voltage of the load to the end of the test of the maximum operating voltage of the load, so that the remaining capacity of the battery corresponding to the open circuit voltage of the battery in one-to-one correspondence within the operating voltage range required by the load is obtained. In this embodiment, the open-circuit voltage of the battery is plotted on the abscissa and the remaining capacity of the battery is plotted on the ordinate, so that a correspondence curve between the remaining capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery is obtained.
It is to be understood that, in another embodiment, the open-circuit voltage of the battery is taken as the ordinate, and the remaining capacity of the battery is taken as the abscissa, so as to obtain a corresponding relationship curve of the remaining capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery.
Step S1300 stores a correspondence curve between the remaining capacity of the battery and the open circuit voltage of the battery.
Specifically, the battery management system stores the correspondence curve of the remaining capacity of the storage battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery obtained in step S1200.
Of course, in order to facilitate storage and subsequent calculation of the relationship curve in the battery management system and ensure a certain calculation accuracy, the relationship curve may be processed by a piecewise linearization method.
Specifically, the relationship curve is divided into 30 to 40 sections uniformly in the coordinate of the axis on which the remaining capacity of the battery is located, and the start point and the end point of the relationship curve in each section are connected by a straight line segment.
More specifically, the relationship curve is divided evenly into 34 sections in the coordinate of the axis on which the remaining capacity of the battery is located, and the start point and the end point of the relationship curve in this section are connected by a straight line segment in each section.
Step S1400, determining whether the battery is in a standby state, if so, performing step S1500, otherwise, performing step S1600.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, it is a flowchart for determining whether the battery is in a standby state, and the method includes the following steps S1410 to S1430.
Step S1410, determining whether the charging and discharging current of the battery is smaller than a set current value, if so, executing step S1420, otherwise, returning to continue determining.
A set current value can be determined according to the condition of the battery and the working condition of the battery load, and is used for judging the standby state of the battery.
Specifically, the set current value may be 0.02C, where C is the charge-discharge rate of the battery. Wherein, the charge-discharge multiplying power is charge-discharge current/rated capacity; for example: when the battery 20A having a rated capacity of 100Ah was discharged, the discharge rate was 0.2C. Cell discharge C rate, 1C, 2C, 0.2C is cell discharge rate: a measure of how fast the discharge is. The used capacity is discharged after 1 hour, and the discharge is called 1C discharge; when the discharge was completed for 5 hours, the discharge was called 1/5 ═ 0.2C discharge. For example, for a 24AH cell, the 2C discharge current is 48A and the 0.5C discharge current is 12A.
That is, the set current value used for determining the standby state of the battery is related to the capacity of the battery, and different set current values are adopted for batteries with different capacities.
In step S1420, the duration of time during which the charge/discharge current of the battery is less than the set current value is recorded.
That is, when the charge and discharge current of the battery is smaller than the set current value, the recording of the duration in which the charge and discharge current of the battery is smaller than the set current value is started.
And step S1430, when the duration of the charging and discharging current less than the set current value is greater than the set time, determining that the battery is in a standby state.
A set time for judging the standby state of the battery can be determined according to the condition of the battery and the working condition of the battery load.
In order to make the setting of the set time more accurate, the set time may be obtained by the following method.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining the set time, which includes the following steps S1431 to S1435.
Step S1431 discharges the battery at the maximum operating current when the battery is fully charged.
In particular, the maximum operating current may be a maximum operating current of a battery load.
Step S1432, in the discharging process, it is determined whether the current terminal voltage of the battery is smaller than the set voltage value, if yes, step S1433 is executed, otherwise, the determination is returned to continue.
Specifically, the set voltage value may be a discharge end voltage of the battery or a minimum operating voltage of a battery load.
And step S1433, disconnecting the output circuit of the battery and judging whether the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable, if so, executing step S1434, otherwise, returning to continue judging.
The disconnection of the output circuit of the battery means that the battery is opened, and the judgment of whether the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable can be made by detecting whether the voltage fluctuation width of the open-circuit voltage of the battery is smaller than the preset voltage value. The voltage preset value can be selected according to the size of the working voltage range required by the load. It can be understood that the larger the working voltage range required by the load, the larger the voltage preset value can be. The smaller the working voltage range required by the load, the smaller the voltage preset value can be obtained.
Step S1434 records the time elapsed after the output circuit of the battery is turned off until the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stabilized.
That is, the recording of the time is started after the output circuit of the battery is turned off until the open circuit voltage of the battery is stabilized.
Step S1435, the elapsed time is set time.
The method for obtaining the set time comprises the steps of discharging the battery at the maximum working current under the full-charge condition until the current end voltage is smaller than the set voltage value, then disconnecting the output circuit of the battery, enabling the open-circuit voltage of the battery to rise, enabling the open-circuit voltage of the battery to recover to be stable after a certain time, recording the time which passes from the disconnection of the output circuit of the battery to the stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery, taking the time which passes as the set time, calculating the time required by the battery to discharge under the extreme condition, and enabling the end voltage of the battery to recover to be stable. After the battery normally charges and discharges the load, the time required for the terminal voltage of the battery to recover to be stable is less than the set time obtained by the method.
And S1500, detecting the current terminal voltage of the battery, and calibrating the residual capacity of the battery according to the relation curve.
That is, the present terminal voltage of the battery is detected, the remaining capacity of the battery is obtained through the correspondence curve of the remaining capacity of the battery and the open circuit voltage of the battery stored in the battery management system, and the calibration of the remaining capacity of the battery is completed.
And step S1600, calibrating the residual capacity of the battery by using an ampere-hour integration method.
Since the ampere-hour integration method is a prior art for calibrating the remaining energy of the battery, it is not described in detail.
According to the method for calibrating the residual capacity of the battery, whether the battery is in a standby state or not is judged under the condition that the battery is in the using process, the current terminal voltage of the battery is detected, and the residual capacity of the battery is calibrated by using the corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery, so that errors are effectively reduced.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A remaining capacity calibration method of a battery, comprising:
determining the working voltage range required by the load of the battery;
in the working voltage range, performing discharge test on the battery, and testing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery by using an open-circuit voltage method;
storing a corresponding relation curve of the residual capacity of the battery and the open-circuit voltage of the battery;
judging whether the battery is in a standby state or not;
if yes, detecting the current terminal voltage of the battery, and calibrating the residual capacity of the battery according to the relation curve;
wherein the judging whether the battery is in a standby state comprises: judging whether the charging and discharging current of the battery is smaller than a set current value or not; if so, recording the duration time that the charging and discharging current of the battery is less than the set current value; when the duration time that the charging and discharging current is less than the set current value is longer than the set time, the battery is judged to be in a standby state;
the set time is obtained by the following method: discharging the battery at a maximum operating current when the battery is fully charged; in the discharging process, judging whether the current terminal voltage of the battery is smaller than a set voltage value; if so, disconnecting the output circuit of the battery and judging whether the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable; if the open-circuit voltage of the battery is stable, recording the time from the disconnection of the output circuit of the battery to the stabilization of the open-circuit voltage of the battery; the elapsed time is set as the set time.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the set current value is 0.02C, where C is a charge-discharge rate of the battery.
3. The method of calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the set voltage value is a discharge end voltage of the battery.
4. The method of calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the set voltage value is a minimum operating voltage of a battery load.
5. The method of calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the maximum operating current is a maximum operating current of a battery load.
6. The method of calibrating a remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein if the battery is not in a standby state, the remaining capacity of the battery is calibrated by ampere-hour integration.
7. The method of calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the relationship curve is divided into 30 to 40 sections uniformly in the coordinate of the axis on which the remaining capacity of the battery is located, and the start point and the end point of the relationship curve in each section are connected by a straight line segment.
8. The method of calibrating remaining capacity of a battery according to claim 1, wherein the relationship curve is divided into 34 sections uniformly in accordance with the coordinates of the axis on which the remaining capacity of the battery is located, and the start point and the end point of the relationship curve in each section are connected by a straight line segment.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109425829A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 加百裕工业股份有限公司 | Lithium battery capacity check method |
| CN110333448B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-02-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle and method and device for calculating SOE (state of energy) of power battery |
| CN109103528A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-12-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | Power battery detection method and equipment based on mathematical model |
| CN108896928B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-12-08 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 | Estimation method and device of battery remaining time, battery cell, battery and aircraft |
| CN109581236A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 深圳市华德安科技有限公司 | Detection method, device and the computer readable storage medium of capacity of lithium ion battery |
| CN110174623B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-10-22 | 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 | SOC calibration method for battery of energy storage power station |
| TWI728830B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-05-21 | 聚眾聯合科技股份有限公司 | Capacity judgment module and capacity calibration method thereof |
| CN113884916B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2024-09-13 | 聚众联合科技股份有限公司 | Electric quantity judging module and electric quantity correcting method thereof |
| CN114578130A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Electric quantity calibration method and related device |
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Effective date of registration: 20230920 Address after: 9th Floor, Building A, No. 68 Fujingtian Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Patentee after: GCL Energy Storage Technology (Suzhou) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 2F, Building 5, Software Building, No. 3 Peiyuan Road, High tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Patentee before: SUZHOU GCL SYSTEM INTEGRATION ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Patentee before: GCL INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY (SUZHOU) Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: GCL SYSTEM INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |