CN106918622B - Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas - Google Patents
Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106918622B CN106918622B CN201710168093.2A CN201710168093A CN106918622B CN 106918622 B CN106918622 B CN 106918622B CN 201710168093 A CN201710168093 A CN 201710168093A CN 106918622 B CN106918622 B CN 106918622B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- air
- tube
- steam
- heat
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to reactor safety technological facilities fields, more particularly to it is a kind of for studying in nuclear power plant containment shell filtering emission system vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas of condensing heat exchanger performance, which is equally applicable to steam flowing condensation heat transfer characteristics research in horizontal tube of other fields containing polynary incoagulable gas.Including steam supply system, inner air tube supply system, helium supply system, water cooling subsystem, air-cooled subsystem, steam-water separation system and data collection system, it is characterised in that: water cooling subsystem includes double-tube heat exchanger and cooling water system.The present invention realizes within the scope of broad wall surface degree of supercooling, carry out level and tilt condition down tube include the experimental study of the steam flowing condensation heat transfer characteristics of multicomponent incoagulable gas, condensing heat-exchange mechanism is gained more insight into this, provides scientific basis for design of condenser, the exploitation of enhanced heat exchange element and heat exchanger running technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor safety technological facilities fields, more particularly to one kind is for studying nuclear power plant containment shell filtering
Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas of condensing heat exchanger performance in exhaust system, should
System is equally applicable to steam flowing condensation heat transfer characteristics research in horizontal tube of other fields containing polynary incoagulable gas.
Background technique
Condensing heat-exchange process has the characteristics that unique liquid film unevenness distribution in horizontal tube, so that part has high change
Hot coefficient.The condenser designed based on this condensate form possesses stronger exchange capability of heat, higher antidetonation and pressure-resistant effect,
Therefore nuclear energy, chemical industry, space flight and energy field are widely used in.In nuclear power plant containment shell filtering emission system, lead to
It crosses by the way of horizontal tube condensing heat exchanger recovery section lime set, extends the high efficiency filter time of venturi water scrubber, from
And can 72 hours after major accident generation even in the longer time, guarantee containment pressure without departing from its pressure-bearing limit,
The a lot of leakage of radioactive substance is avoided, the injury to personnel and environment is reduced.When generation primary Ioops coolant loss, main steam
When pipeline breaking is superimposed the major accident that reactor core melts, a large amount of steam will be discharged into containment, while be melted reactor core and being mixed
The incoagulable gas (including hydrogen) that solidifying soil reaction generates also will go into containment, thus make in containment accumulation largely by
The Diversity gas of steam, air and hydrogen composition.In the containment filtration exhaust system course of work, these gases enter
When to horizontal tube condensing heat exchanger, it may appear that the in-tube condensation heat transfer process containing polynary incoagulable gas.In the reality of condenser
Among, incoagulable gas be influence its working characteristics an important factor for one of.When containing incoagulable gas in steam, change
Condensing heat-exchange ability in hot device, which will receive, significantly to be weakened.According to the experimental analysis of foreign scholar: working as water vapour
In air containing quality share 0.5% when, cooling energy recovery can rapid drawdown 50%.Sea water desalination at present, chemical material are produced
Incoagulable gas all is reduced to the method for condensing heat-exchange inhibitory effect in finding method with nuclear plant safety systems design area.By
This is it is found that study the vapor condensation heat-exchange characteristic containing multicomponent incoagulable gas for the condenser engineer application in each field
It is of great significance.Further, since the demand of nuclear power station non-passive safety, natural using air outside the pipe of horizontal heat exchange of heat pipe
The cooling mode of convection current, so that condensing heat-exchange carries out under lower wall surface degree of supercooling.Therefore, for guarantee nuclear power station send out
The condenser reliability service of horizontal tube in special circumstances of raw major accident needs cold to the multicomponent gas of low degree of supercooling by testing
Solidifying heat transfer characteristic is studied, and also just needs the experimental system of a set of energy simulated accident condition thus.However do not have also both at home and abroad
The document published refers to the related experiment system that can be used for the experiment.
Due to having gas-liquid two-phase to coexist always during condensing heat-exchange, exchange heat, influence factor complex with flow process
Numerous, this makes corresponding theory analysis particularly difficult.Therefore the research of condensing heat-exchange is made experimentally more at present.
In general, researcher designs according to the object to be studied and goal in research builds corresponding experimental system, it is certain by measuring
Thermal parameter analyze the condensation heat transfer characteristics under different condition.Due to incoagulable gas be the key that influence condensing heat-exchange because
Element, therefore current domestic and foreign scholars have been directed to the direction and have carried out a large amount of experimental study, but focus primarily upon in vertical pipe
It is studied with the condensing heat-exchange outside horizontal tube, therefore experimental system used is also both for cold outside vertical in-tube condensation and horizontal tube
Solidifying experimental design, it is not able to satisfy the Research Requirements of flow condensation in complicated horizontal tube.This is because: with out-tubular condensing phase
Than in pipe during flow condensation, lime set can not drain in time, can flow with gas, therefore can send out in condensation process
The differentiation of raw flow pattern, the corresponding condensation heat transfer characteristics of different flow patterns also have biggish difference.In addition, due to weight in horizontal tube
The influence of stress effect, distributed architecture of the gas-liquid two-phase in pipe show apparent asymmetry feature, and flow structure is more multiple
It is miscellaneous.Therefore, the research of condensation heat transfer characteristics in horizontal tube is needed using the experimental system with Flow Regime Ecognition function.To obtain
More accurate and believable experimental data designs a set of steam flowing that polynary incoagulable gas is included suitable for research level pipe
The experimental system of condensing heat-exchange, and can control flow pattern in pipe, the condensation heat transfer characteristics researched and analysed under different flow patterns seem especially
It is important.
Among published condensation test system, disclosed in the patent document that number of patent application is 201420108048.X
A kind of " condensation test combination unit " collection that condensed water can only be carried out, the performance of heat exchanger is evaluated by condensation number, and
It cannot be used for the research and analysis of condensation heat transfer characteristics；Disclosed in the patent document that number of patent application is 201521078337.0
The condensation power that " double pipe heat exchanger boiling in ducts/condensing heat-exchange Testing Platform " is capable of heat exchanging device is tested, but
It not can be carried out the vapor condensation heat-exchange research containing incoagulable gas, the Local Heat Transfer ability in pipe can not be obtained；Patent Shen
It please be number for " vapor condensation heat-exchange containing multicomponent incoagulable gas experiment disclosed in 201210540382.8 patent document
Device " although more detailed analysis can be carried out to the steam natural flow condensation heat transfer characteristic outside vertical pipe, due to
It is larger with the condensing heat-exchange mechanism gap outside vertical pipe in horizontal tube, therefore flow pattern heat exchanging is not accounted in the experimental provision
The research that performance influences, while there is also differences for the setting of the arrangement form of experimental bench, the type of cooling, so that the experimental provision is simultaneously
It may not apply to steam flowing condensation test research in horizontal tube；In the patent document that number of patent application is 201510848946.8
Disclosed " a kind of using cavitation effect strengthen the series of vapor condensation experiments device containing on-condensible gas " is using Venturi tube to cooling water
Fragmentation is carried out, carries out steam direct contact type condensation, the field and heat transfer problem studied with this experimental provision are completely different, together
Sample may not apply to the flow condensation HEAT EXCHANGE ANALYSIS in pipe.The Gianfranco Caruso of Roma Univ. is gas-cooled using pipe outer space
But mode research level pipe includes the condensation process under air conditions, although obtaining point of the partial condensation coefficient of heat transfer in pipe
Cloth, but there are still certain deficiency and defects for the system: (1) do not can be carried out the experimental analysis of the incoagulable gas containing multicomponent；(2)
Due to cooling using air on the outside of pipe, heat exchange power is lower, not can be carried out the condensation test under the conditions of wave flow and stratified flow；
(3) lack visual observation section, gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern in pipe can not directly be observed, so that flow pattern can not be studied to condensation
The influence of heat transfer characteristic.To solve main problem existing in the prior art, can more fully and accurately study containing polynary
Under the conditions of incoagulable gas, influence of every thermal parameter to local condensing heat-exchange ability, thus for containment filtration discharge system
The design of horizontal tube condenser provides technical support in uniting, and devises this set comprehensive experimental system.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose that one kind can be in broad wall surface degree of supercooling variation range, biggish horizontal tube
The condensation heat transfer characteristics research of multicomponent gas is carried out under the conditions of tilt angle, while being provided and can be used to verify flow pattern to condensing heat-exchange
Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas that performance influences.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The present invention includes steam supply system, inner air tube supply system, helium supply system, water cooling subsystem, air-cooled
Subsystem, steam-water separation system and data collection system.Wherein water cooling subsystem includes double-tube heat exchanger and cooling water system；It is empty
Refrigeration subsystem includes heat exchanger tube, air channel and cooling air system.System is characterized in: horizontal heat exchange tube in air-cooled subsystem
It is placed in the air-cooled experiment body of composition, air channel bottom end in air channel to be connected with cooling air system, heat exchange tube inlet and steam
Supply system, inner air tube supply system are connected with helium supply system, to realize that the in-tube condensation of multicomponent gas mixing changes
Hot experiment demand.Heat transfer tube outlet is connected by visual observation section with steam-water separation system, steam in heat exchanger tube by pipe outside
After air cooling in side coagulates, steam water interface enters steam-water separation system, and the gas isolated is at the top of steam-water separator
Into atmosphere, lime set enters after lime set tank from bottom pipe to be discharged discharge of pipes through drain valve.Experiment body is in water cooling subsystem
As heat exchanger tube and outer tube it is coaxially arranged made of double-tube heat exchanger, heat exchanger ring cavity space is connected with cooling water system, heat exchange
Tube inlet is connected by high-pressure hose with steam, air and helium supply system, and heat transfer tube outlet passes through visualization section and high pressure
Hose is connected with steam-water separation system, identical as air cooling system, and the steam water interface after coagulating enters steam-water separation system
It is discharged after carrying out the separation of gas and lime set.Pass through four-way pipeline and valve group and steam, air and helium between two systems
Supply system is connected with each other, and autonomous working and the coupling operational of two systems may be implemented by certain operation.
The invention also includes:
1, the steam supply system includes boiler, and the saturated vapor generated by boiler is by steam conveying pipe and heat exchange
Tube inlet main pipeline is connected, and steam conveying pipe is arranged on every group of pipeline in such a way that multiple groups different-diameter pipeline is in parallel
The flowmeter of steam-flow meter, multiple groups difference range is able to satisfy the demand tested within the scope of wide in range steam flow.?
Shut-off valve and temperature, pressure-measuring-point are set outside Stable Length before and after flowmeter.
2, the inner air tube supply system includes air compressor and air accumulator etc..Air compressor generates certain pressure
Compressed air injection air accumulator in, compressed air is by the pressure reducing valve and heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline on reservoir outlet pipeline
It is connected.Airflow pipe equally uses the arrangement of manifold systems, and inner air tube mass flow is arranged on every group of pipeline
It counts, flow control valve is set after flowmeter.
3, the helium supply system by high-pressure gas cylinder, busbar connector and reducer unit at.Several high pressure helium gas cylinders pass through
After metal hose and valve in parallel access busbar connector main gas tube, it is connected by pressure reducing valve with heat exchange tube inlet.Helium delivery pipe
Interior helium gas flow meter is managed in setting on road, and flow control valve is arranged after flowmeter.
4, the cooling air system of the air-cooled subsystem include Roots blower, air flow meter and corresponding pipeline with
Valve.The air provided by Roots blower is connected by airflow pipe with the air channel of experiment body, in air duct
Horizontal heat exchanger tube of plunderring absorbs heat, is finally emitted into atmospheric environment.
5, there are the double-deck orifice plates of certain intervals for the air channel inlet setting of the air-cooled subsystem.By cooling air
The air that system provides enters among air channel after the double-deck orifice plate flows, it is ensured that air channel inner section wind speed is uniform.
6, the conduit of certain amount is set on the inner wall of the air channel in the air-cooled subsystem, corresponding number can be installed
Purpose level patch pipe.
7, in the air-cooled subsystem air channel on heat exchanger tube top be divided by several partitions being equally spaced it is several
Separate space, partition are made of the lower material of the capacity of heat transmission.Temperature point measurement air themperature is respectively set in each partition.
8, the cooling water system of the water cooling subsystem is by cooling pond, centrifugal pump, cooling water flow meter and corresponding pipe
Road and valve form.Cooling water is extracted out from pond via centrifugal pump, enters reality by cooling water flow regulating valve and flowmeter
It tests in section ring cavity, forms reverse flow with steam in heat exchanger tube.It is come back among cooling water tank after absorbing heat.
9, the experimental section of the water cooling subsystem is mounted on the support platform of angle adjustable.By changing support platform
Level angle, may be implemented under different tilt conditions condensing heat-exchange experiment.
10, U-shaped water kinking structure and steam, air are set on the entrance main pipeline of the air-cooled subsystem and water cooling subsystem
It is connected with helium system, outlet setting quartz glass visual observation section is connected with steam-water separation system.The wherein curved main body of U-shaped water
For U-tube road, pipeline bottom installs drain valve, is tied with heating tape outside two vertical sections, power is by independent temperature control device tune
Section.
11, four-way mechanism and valve group be set between water cooling and air-cooled subsystem, four-way mechanism respectively with air-cooled subsystem,
Water cooling subsystem is connected with steam, inner air tube, helium supply system and steam-water separator.
12, all measuring devices pass through signal line and are connected with data collection system and computer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by by the type of cooling on the outside of water cooling and air-cooled two kinds of pipes
It is combined and independent, realizes within the scope of broad wall surface degree of supercooling, carry out level and tilt condition down tube include more
The experimental study of the steam flowing condensation heat transfer characteristics of component incoagulable gas, gains more insight into condensing heat-exchange mechanism with this,
Scientific basis is provided for design of condenser, the exploitation of enhanced heat exchange element and heat exchanger running technology.The set experimental system can be real
It is existing: (1) to carry out the steaming of pure steam, incoagulable gas containing one pack system and multicomponent incoagulable gas in horizontal and tilt condition down tube
Steam flow moves the experimental study of condensation heat transfer characteristics；(2) by changing the type of cooling on the outside of heat exchanger tube, in wide in range wall surface degree of supercooling
Influence of the factor to local exchange capability of heat is studied in variation range；(3) using visualization technique to the gas-liquid two-phase flow in pipe
Type is directly observed, and in conjunction with flow pattern judging result, can analyze effect of the variations in flow patterns to condensing heat-exchange mechanism；(4) it uses
Manifold technology is pasted to simulate different tube bank arrangement condition down tubes outer space flow of air feature, to meet under different tube bank arrangement conditions
Condensing heat-exchange tests demand；(5) design of the U-shaped curved additional heating tape of water employed in system can effectively eliminate steam mistake
Heat and degree of supercooling guarantee that experiment steam used is in a saturated state always；(6) helium supply system of real-time, tunable pressure can
It maintains the helium gas flow in experimentation constant, reduces interference of the flowed fluctuation to analysis of experimental results, it is ensured that polynary not coagulate
The stability of type gas condensing heat-exchange experiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system flow schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is mainly by steam supply system, inner air tube supply system, helium supply system, air-cooled
Subsystem, water cooling subsystem, steam-water separation system and data collection system are formed.Steam supply system, inner air tube supply
System is in parallel with helium supply system, provides a certain proportion of Diversity gas, steam, air and helium from each system
It interior is sufficiently mixed the U-shaped water of heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline is curved.Then according to experiment condition set selection enter it is air-cooled or
Water cooling subsystem.In air cooling system, steam is coagulated by the air cooling in pipe outer air duct in heat exchanger tube；In water-cooling system
In, it manages interior steam and is cooled down by the intracavitary cooling water of pipe outer ring and condense into water.Steam water interface warp after carrying out condensing heat-exchange
By quartz glass visual observation section, enters back into and carry out steam-water separation in steam-water separation system, gas is arranged through exhaust valve after separation
Enter atmosphere, lime set, which is recovered in lime set measuring appliance, carries out condensate flow measurement.
Wherein steam supply system is mainly by wet steamer 14, shut-off valve 15, vortex-shedding meter 16 and regulating valve 17
And the composition such as pressure, temperature measuring instrument, for providing the steaming of condensing heat-exchange experiment required certain temperature, certain pressure
Vapour.Master of the saturated vapor generated by steam boiler 14 after 16 measuring flow of vortex-shedding meter, into before experimental section entrance
In pipeline.In order to meet the demand tested within the scope of wide in range steam flow, the steam that multiple groups different-diameter is arranged is defeated
It send pipeline in parallel, the flowmeter of corresponding bore is used on every root canal road, to guarantee the accurate of in broad range flow
Measurement.To study the in-tube condensation heat transfer characteristic under the conditions of multicomponent, by inner air tube supply system, helium supply system and steaming
Vapour feed system is in parallel, and then pipeline after parallel connection is connected by flange with the main pipeline of experimental section entrance, will be different in experiment
After steam, air and the helium of ratio mix, it is transported in experimental section.Air is provided using inner air tube supply system,
The system is made of air compressor 1, air accumulator 2, shut-off valve 3, mass flowmenter 4 and regulating valve 5.Air compressor 1 generates
In the compressed air injection air accumulator 2 of certain pressure, compressed air passes through the shut-off valve 3 on 2 outlet conduit of air accumulator, and through matter
It is entered in main pipeline after amount 4 measuring flow of flowmeter.Airflow pipe equally uses the arrangement of manifold systems, every
The mass flowmenter of different ranges is set on group pipeline, carries out the accurate of flow using regulating valve 5 and is adjusted to ensure that incoagulability gas
The content of body.Helium supply system is by high-pressure helium storage cylinder 6, metal hose 7, valve 8,11,13, busbar connector 9, pressure reducing valve 10
It is formed with flowmeter 12.Several high pressure helium gas cylinders access in busbar connector 9 by the way that metal hose 7 and valve 8 are in parallel, using decompression
Main pipeline is accessed by pipeline after the decompression of valve 10.Steam supply system, inner air tube supply system and helium supply system are in parallel
It is connected afterwards with experimental section entrance main pipeline.Saturated vapor, air and helium converge mixing on heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline, according to
Dalton's law (of partial pressures) is it is found that the gross pressure of mixed gas is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of each component, therefore water steams in mixed gas
The partial pressure of vapour is less than the gross pressure of system.However, according to system flow condition it is found that boiler generation is under total system pressure
Saturated vapor, corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is the saturation temperature under total system pressure, and it is corresponding that this temperature is higher than vapor partial pressure power
Saturation temperature.That is, steam will be in an overheated state after three kinds of gas mixings.To prevent experimental section inlet steam
U-shaped water kinking structure 18 is arranged, in U in the accuracy for overheating and influencing condensing heat-exchange experimental result on heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline
Drain valve 20 is arranged in the curved bottom end of type water, and by controlling opening of valve, the moment keeps there is suitable saturated water in U-shaped water curved 18
The overheat and degree of supercooling of steam are reduced to absorb steam.In addition, the U-shaped curved vertical tube outer surface of water is tied with the heating with function of temperature control
Band.In experimentation, vapo(u)rous temperature under setting heating temperature as experiment condition, to guarantee that steam is in saturation shape always
State, the influence for avoiding the single-phase heat exchanging segment that may occur at heat exchange tube inlet from analyzing condensing heat-exchange.
Steam, air and helium heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline U-shaped water it is curved it is interior be sufficiently mixed after, according to experiment work
Condition setting selection enters air-cooled or water cooling subsystem.Air-cooled subsystem is mainly by heat exchanger tube 22, air channel 34 and cooling air
The composition such as system.Water cooling subsystem is mainly made of double-tube heat exchanger 40 and cooling water system.The outlet of U-shaped water curved 18 is through threeway
After shunting, one of branch is connected with the tube side of the double-tube heat exchanger 40 of water cooling subsystem, another branch and air-cooled subsystem
The heat exchanger tube 22 of system is connected.Four-way valve group is arranged before and after water cooling subsystem and air-cooled subsystem, by control four-way valve group
The switch combination of valve 24,38 and 39 can carry out the only of two subsystems according to the parameter area of wall surface degree of supercooling needed for testing
Vertical and coupling operational, so that it is real to carry out condensing heat-exchange under the conditions of guaranteeing the flow pattern in broad degree of supercooling range and controllable pipe
It tests.
The cooling air system of air-cooled subsystem includes Roots blower 31, vortex-shedding meter 32 and valve 33.Roots's drum
The air that blower provides flows into the air channel 34 of experiment body, and horizontal heat exchanger tube of plunderring absorbs heat in air duct, finally from air duct
Outlet drain is into atmosphere.In 34 entrance of air channel setting expansion segment and the double-deck orifice plate, incoming air on the outside of pipe is carried out equal
Change processing.Certain straight section length is reserved between the double-deck orifice plate and heat exchanger tube, it is ensured that pipe outer gas stream divides before reaching heat exchanger tube
With uniform, flow field stabilization.Several partitions 36 are set above heat exchanger tube, duct space is divided into several separate units, measurement is each respectively
Heat exchange power in unit is for the partial condensation coefficient of heat transfer in computer tube.To prevent each unit from heat exchange, partition choosing occurs
The weaker material of the capacity of heat transmission is selected to be fabricated.
In air-cooled subsystem, manages outer air horizontal heat exchanger tube of plunderring and steam in pipe is condensed.For research pipe arrange effect and
The influence of comb mode heat exchanging is equipped with conduit 37 on 34 inner wall of air channel of air-cooled subsystem, real for installing tube bank
Patch pipe needed for testing.By installing various sizes of patch pipe, the condensing heat-exchange experiment under different tube bank arrangement conditions can be carried out, is used
Effect is arranged in analyzer tube and comb mode exchanges the influence of thermal process.
The cooling water system of water cooling subsystem is by cooling pond 43, centrifugal pump 44, valve 45 and 46 groups of cooling water flow meter
At.Cooling water is extracted out from pond 43 via centrifugal pump 44, enters experiment by cooling water flow regulating valve 45 and flowmeter 46
In section ring cavity, heat convection is carried out with heat exchanger tube outside wall surface, is returned among cooling pond 43 after absorbing the heat of condensation release.
The double-tube heat exchanger 40 of water cooling subsystem is fixed in rotatable movable platform 48, and movable platform passes through bearing 47
It is connected with the fixed platform of lower end.By adjusting the angle of rotating platform, change the angle of rotating platform 48 and horizontal position, from
And the in-tube condensation local heat transfer under tilt condition can be carried out.Amount of the angle of rotating platform by arrangement on the stationary platform
Angle device measures, and limiter is equipped with above fixed platform, and the angle of rotating platform can be made to carry out between 0-45 degree
It adjusts and fixes, so as to study influence of the different angle to condensation heat transfer characteristics.Heat exchanger tube import and export in water cooling subsystem
It is attached using flexible high pressure rubber hose, so as to provide free space for the rotation of platform, is carried out with facilitating
The condensing heat-exchange of tilt condition is tested.
Due to the influence of gravity in horizontal tube, flow pattern shows asymmetrical feature.Compared to the condensation in vertical pipe, water
Complicated flow pattern differentiation is affected to condensing heat-exchange in flat pipe, and the cooling energy recovery difference between different flow patterns is also larger.Cause
This, the influence for research flow pattern to condensing heat-exchange has been respectively mounted resistance in the heat transfer tube outlet of water cooling subsystem and air-cooled subsystem
The quartz glass tube of warm pressure resistance as visual observation section, directly seen by the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern for exchanging heat pipe exit
It examines.In conjunction with flow pattern judging result, influence of the flow pattern transition to condensing heat-exchange is analyzed；It can also be seen simultaneously in conjunction with the visualization of flow pattern
It examines, the method by changing the type of cooling or adjusting cooling medium consumption, to control in pipe flow pattern to the model of default working condition requirement
It encloses, carries out the in-tube condensation heat transfer characteristic research under single flow pattern.
Lime set tank in steam-water separation system prevents the pipe pressure decline that exchanges heat in experimentation, simultaneously for providing fluid-tight
The condensate flow being also used in cooling water of units of measurement time.By adjusting the aperture of lime set tank outlet valve 30, keep in liquidometer 29
Liquid level is in 1/2 range or so always, to guarantee that the moment is in fluid-tight state in tank.In measurement level process, lime set is closed
Tank outlet valve 30 measures the liquid level lifting height in the stipulated time, can be obtained condensate flow, for calculating condensation process
Heat exchange power.
Since required amount of helium is larger during carrying out the condensation test of incoagulable gas containing multicomponent, according to fixed capacity
Helium storage container as gas source, it may appear that since storage tolerance reduces and the supply gas pressure that occurs declines problem, and then lead
Helium gas flow variation is caused, not can guarantee experimental precision.For this purpose, the helium supply system in the system is used and is designed based on busbar connector
Multiple tank parallel technology.Each high-pressure helium storage cylinder accesses busbar connector by metal hose and valve, passes through control valve
Whether the investment of switch selection gas cylinder, change input helium tank number, maintains helium gas flow in experimentation to keep steady with this
It is fixed.
Required steam, air, helium and cooling water flow are carried out by the flowmeter with degree of precision in experimentation
Measurement, each flow are adjusted by corresponding to the valve installed on pipeline；Temperature and pressure is respectively by thermocouple and pressure sensor
It measures.All data obtained in experimentation are collected by data collection system, and calculating is finally transported to
It is stored and is arranged in machine.
Specific workflow of the invention is as follows: inner air tube supply system is by air compressor 1, air accumulator in the present invention
2, flowmeter 4 and valve 3 and 5 form.Air accumulator 2 is introduced by the compressed air that air compressor 1 generates, then passes through stream
Meter 4 enters heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline, and inner air tube flow is adjusted by valve 5.Helium supply system is by high-pressure helium
Storage cylinder 6, metal hose 7, valve 8,11,13, busbar connector 9, pressure reducing valve 10 and flowmeter 12 form.When a certain gas cylinder of selection is thrown
It is fashionable, the valve for connecting the gas cylinder branch is opened, other valves for not putting into gas cylinder branch are closed.Helium enters confluence by gas cylinder
Row 9 enters main pipeline after flowing through flowmeter 12 after the decompression of pressure reducing valve 10.Steam supply system is by boiler 14, valve 15,17
It is formed with flowmeter 16.After the steam that boiler generates is by 16 measuring flow of flowmeter, supplied with inner air tube supply system and helium
The air and helium mix for answering system to provide are latter to be entered in U-shaped water curved 18 together.U-shaped water bend pipe pipeline outer wall is tied with heating tape 19,
The curved bottom of water is equipped with hydrophobic valve 20.Drain valve 20 is slightly opened in experimentation, maintain U-shaped water it is curved in have it is a small amount of full
With water to absorb steam superheat.At the same time, the electrical heating temperature of heating tape 19 is set using temperature control system as current steam
Saturation temperature corresponding to partial pressure, to better ensure that the steam into heat exchanger tube is in a saturated state always.
According to experiment condition difference, entered among different sub-systems by mixed gas of the U-shaped water after curved.It is air-cooled when carrying out
When experiment, valve 38,39 and 42 is closed, and water cooling subsystem is isolated.Gaseous mixture enters air-cooled subsystem by valve 21
Heat exchanger tube 22 in carry out condensing heat-exchange.Steam-water mixing gas after condensation is entered by visual observation section 23 and valve 24,25
In steam-water separator 26.Gas after separation is discharged among atmosphere by the upper valve 27 of steam-water separator 26, and lime set is downward
Into in lime set tank 28.After measuring the liquid level rate of climb using liquidometer 29, experimental system is discharged via valve 30 in lime set.In sky
In refrigeration subsystem, cooling air system is made of air blower 31, flowmeter 32, valve 33 and air channel 34.It is mentioned by air blower
The air of confession enters in air channel 34 after flowing through flowmeter 32.In air duct, air passes through the double-deck orifice plate 35 first, then horizontal
It plunders heat exchanger tube and absorbs heat, divide the small space drainage formed to environment finally by by partition 36.On the inner wall of air channel
Equipped with patch tube seat road 37, when carrying out tube bundles experiment, heat exchanger tube is inserted among conduit, tube bank arrangement is formed, to simulate
Tube bank condition when true heat exchanger applications.
When carrying out water cooling experiment, valve 21,24 and 25 is closed, and air-cooled subsystem is isolated with main pipeline.Gaseous mixture passes through U
Type water is curved, among the sleeve pipe of valve 38 and 39 heat exchanger 40 inner tube.Mixed gas is into ring cavity after cooling water release heat
It condenses, then gaseous mixture passes through visual observation section 41 together with lime set and valve 42 enters in steam-water separator 26, complete
At the process of steam-water separation and condensate flow measurement.Cooling water is stored in cooling water tank 43 in ring cavity, in the driving of centrifugal pump 44
Under, pass through the heat that among the ring cavity channel of valve 45 and 46 sleeve pipe heat exchanger 40 of flowmeter, absorption condensation process discharges
After flow back among cooling water tank 43.The double-tube heat exchanger of water cooling subsystem is fixed on rotatable platform 48.Rotating platform 48
It is connected with bearing 47.When carrying out the condensing heat-exchange experiment under tilt condition, by the angle shown on record bearing 47, that is, know
The angle of heat exchanger tube and horizontal position under road current experiment operating condition.
In experimentation, cooling air and water flow outside heat exchanger tube, the steam, air and helium gas flow in heat exchanger tube is equal
It is measured by flowmeter；The temperature of gaseous mixture, cooling water and cooling air is measured by thermocouple；Mixture pressure by
Pressure sensor measures.The data of all measuring instrumentss are collected by data collection system 49, recently enter computer
It is stored in 50.
The present invention provides one kind and can be realized under water and Air Coupling and independent cooling condition, in research level and tipping tube
The experimental system of the steam flowing condensation heat transfer characteristics of the incoagulable gas containing multicomponent, can carry out larger wall surface degree of supercooling variation model
It encloses, the in-tube condensation local heat transfer under differing tilt angles, different gaseous mixture flow velocitys, pressure and incoagulable gas content operating condition,
Influence of every factor to local condensation heat transfer characteristics is studied, explores biphase gas and liquid flow type to condensing heat-exchange in conjunction with visualization technique
The function and effect of ability gain more insight into condensing heat-exchange mechanism with this, mention for the design of condenser in engineer application with operation
For technical support.
Claims (10)
1. vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of horizontal tube of the width degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas, including steam supply system,
Inner air tube supply system, helium supply system, water cooling subsystem, air-cooled subsystem, steam-water separation system and data acquisition system
System, it is characterised in that: water cooling subsystem includes double-tube heat exchanger and cooling water system；Air-cooled subsystem includes heat exchanger tube, air
Air duct and cooling air system, horizontal heat exchange tube is placed in the air-cooled experiment body of composition, air wind in air channel in air-cooled subsystem
Road bottom end is connected with cooling air system, and heat exchange tube inlet and steam supply system, inner air tube supply system and helium are supplied
System is connected, to realize the in-tube condensation local heat transfer demand of multicomponent gas mixing；Heat transfer tube outlet passes through visual observation
Section is connected with steam-water separation system, and after steam is coagulated in heat exchanger tube by the cooling of pipe outside air, steam water interface enters
Steam-water separation system, the gas isolated are discharged into atmosphere from steam-water separator top duct, and lime set enters from bottom pipe
It is discharged after lime set tank through drain valve；In water cooling subsystem experiment body be it is coaxially arranged with outer tube as heat exchanger tube made of casing change
Hot device, heat exchanger ring cavity space are connected with cooling water system, and heat exchange tube inlet passes through high-pressure hose and steam supply system, air
Supply system is connected with helium supply system, and heat transfer tube outlet passes through visual observation section and high-pressure hose and steam-water separation system
It is connected, identical as air-cooled subsystem, the steam water interface after coagulating enters steam-water separation system and carries out gas and lime set
It is discharged after separation；Pass through four-way pipeline and valve group and steam supply system, air supply system and helium between two systems
Supply system is connected with each other, and autonomous working and the coupling operational of two systems may be implemented by certain operation.
2. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the steam supply system includes boiler, by boiler generate saturated vapor by steam conveying pipe with
Heat exchange tube inlet main pipeline is connected, and steam conveying pipe is in such a way that multiple groups different-diameter pipeline is in parallel, on every group of pipeline
Steam-flow meter is set, and the flowmeter of multiple groups difference range is able to satisfy the need tested within the scope of wide in range steam flow
It asks；Setting shut-off valve and temperature, pressure-measuring-point outside Stable Length before and after the flowmeter.
3. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the inner air tube supply system includes air compressor and air accumulator；Air compressor generates a level pressure
In the compressed air injection air accumulator of power, compressed air is responsible for by the pressure reducing valve on reservoir outlet pipeline with heat exchange tube inlet
Road is connected；Inner air tube matter is arranged in such a way that multiple groups different-diameter pipeline is in parallel in airflow pipe on every group of pipeline
Flowmeter is measured, flow control valve is set after flowmeter.
4. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the helium supply system by high-pressure gas cylinder, busbar connector and reducer unit at；Several high pressure helium gas cylinders
After accessing busbar connector main gas tube by metal hose and valve in parallel, enter by pressure reducing valve and helium conveyance conduit with heat exchanger tube
Mouth is connected；Interior helium gas flow meter is managed in setting on helium conveyance conduit, and flow control valve is arranged after flowmeter.
5. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the cooling air system of the air-cooled subsystem includes Roots blower, air flow meter and respective tube
Road and valve；The air provided by Roots blower is connected by airflow pipe with the air channel of experiment body, in wind
Horizontal heat exchanger tube of plunderring absorbs heat in road, is finally emitted into atmospheric environment.
6. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: there are the double-deck orifice plates of certain intervals for the air channel inlet setting of the air-cooled subsystem；By cooling down
The air that air system provides enters among air channel after the double-deck orifice plate flows, it is ensured that air channel inner section wind speed is equal
It is even.
7. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the conduit of certain amount is set on the inner wall of the air channel in the air-cooled subsystem, installs corresponding number
Purpose level patch pipe.
8. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the air channel on heat exchanger tube top is divided by several partitions being equally spaced in the air-cooled subsystem
Several separate spaces, partition are made of the lower material of the capacity of heat transmission；Temperature point measurement air is respectively set in each partition
Temperature.
9. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the cooling water system of the water cooling subsystem is by cooling pond, centrifugal pump, cooling water flow meter and corresponding
Pipeline and valve form；Cooling water is extracted out from pond via centrifugal pump, by cooling water flow regulating valve and flowmeter into
Enter in experimental section ring cavity, forms reverse flow with steam in heat exchanger tube；It is come back among cooling water tank after absorbing heat.
10. vapor condensation heat-exchange experiment system in a kind of wide horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the experimental section of the water cooling subsystem is mounted on the support platform of angle adjustable；It is supported by changing
The level angle of platform realizes the condensing heat-exchange experiment under different tilt conditions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710168093.2A CN106918622B (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710168093.2A CN106918622B (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106918622A CN106918622A (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| CN106918622B true CN106918622B (en) | 2019-07-16 |
Family
ID=59460560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710168093.2A Active CN106918622B (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106918622B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109841289B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2024-07-26 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Test device for passive heat conduction system of containment |
| CN108458888B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Performance testing device for low-temperature heat exchanger with temperature range below K |
| CN108469450B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-04-07 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional steam condensation heat exchange and frosting process visualization experiment device |
| CN108317762B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2023-10-10 | 天津商业大学 | Visual comprehensive experiment table of multifunctional direct contact condensation refrigerating system |
| CN108592997B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2022-11-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Horizontal circular tube steam condensation heat transfer thermal parameter measuring device |
| CN111220642B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Convection condensation experiment system and method in mixed working medium marangoni condensation pipe |
| CN112415051B (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer performance and failure test experimental device |
| CN112362697B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for forced convection heat exchange experiment of concentric sleeve with rotating inner tube |
| CN113035397B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2023-10-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Safety shell built-in efficient heat exchanger adopting cutting and striking type air suction system |
| CN113218990B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏科技大学 | Visual pool boiling experiment system and working method thereof |
| CN114624284A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Detachable circumferential multi-measurement-point type pure steam condensation heat exchange experimental device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7293604B2 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2007-11-13 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Heat exchanger |
| CN102081060A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multifunctional wide flow single-phase convective heat exchange test device |
| CN103033532A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device for condensation heat-exchange of steam containing multi-component non-condensable gases |
| CN103424423A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-04 | 江苏乐科热力科技有限公司 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange test device |
| CN205665188U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 宁夏大学 | Hot coefficient measurement auxiliary device is given to reassembling type heat exchange tube |
-
2017
- 2017-03-21 CN CN201710168093.2A patent/CN106918622B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7293604B2 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2007-11-13 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Heat exchanger |
| CN102081060A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-06-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multifunctional wide flow single-phase convective heat exchange test device |
| CN103033532A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device for condensation heat-exchange of steam containing multi-component non-condensable gases |
| CN103424423A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-12-04 | 江苏乐科热力科技有限公司 | Vapor condensation heat-exchange test device |
| CN205665188U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 宁夏大学 | Hot coefficient measurement auxiliary device is given to reassembling type heat exchange tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106918622A (en) | 2017-07-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106918622B (en) | Vapor condensation heat-exchange experimental system in a kind of width horizontal tube of the degree of supercooling containing multicomponent gas | |
| CN102081059B (en) | Forced-convection heat transfer experimental device for strong inner heat source containing porous medium passage | |
| CN104407008B (en) | A kind of test system for evaluating mixed vapour partial condensation heat transfer property | |
| CN103033532B (en) | Experimental device for condensation heat-exchange of steam containing multi-component non-condensable gases | |
| CN103207210B (en) | Online wet steam dryness gauge | |
| CN113884418B (en) | Experimental research system and method for retaining aerosol in containment in micro-channel | |
| CN112164482B (en) | Comprehensive thermal hydraulic test device for containment | |
| CN104966536A (en) | High-temperature working medium heat exchange test system using heat conducting oil as hot fluid and test method | |
| CN107238627A (en) | Conduction oil working medium forced circulation Comprehensive Experiment circuit system | |
| KR101557317B1 (en) | Condensation Heat Transfer test equipment | |
| CN108956685A (en) | A kind of condensation visual experimental apparatus of steam containing fixed gas of object-oriented | |
| CN110797128A (en) | Test system for measuring aerosol concentration and behavior under test condition | |
| CN207637503U (en) | Experimental rig for the passive guiding system of containment heat | |
| KR101646731B1 (en) | experiment apparatus for design of a condensation heat exchanger with vertical tube bundles | |
| CN111276269B (en) | Device and method for verifying aerosol retention efficiency of narrow slit of penetrating piece | |
| Zhang et al. | Experimental investigation on the geometric structure with perforated baffle for thermal stratification of the water tank | |
| CN104655549B (en) | Low-temperature acid dew point corrosion experimental device for power station boiler flue gas | |
| CN206321404U (en) | A kind of boiling heat exchanger performance testing device | |
| CN103438931B (en) | Wet steam flow mass dryness fraction integrated measurer and measuring method | |
| CN109841289A (en) | Experimental rig for the passive guiding system of containment heat | |
| Schaffrath et al. | Operation conditions of the emergency condenser of the SWR1000 | |
| Bayless | RELAP5-3D Input Model for the High Temperature Test Facility | |
| CN201917536U (en) | Forced-convection heat-transferring experimental apparatus for porous medium channel containing strong internal heat source | |
| CN208350689U (en) | A kind of device for evaluating augmentation of heat transfer pipe in-tube condensation characteristic | |
| CN105869689B (en) | A kind of device and method for measuring valve tiny leakage rate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |