CN106887720B - Rectangle shaped aerial array - Google Patents
Rectangle shaped aerial array Download PDFInfo
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- CN106887720B CN106887720B CN201510936949.7A CN201510936949A CN106887720B CN 106887720 B CN106887720 B CN 106887720B CN 201510936949 A CN201510936949 A CN 201510936949A CN 106887720 B CN106887720 B CN 106887720B
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of rectangle shaped aerial arrays to realize the rectangle shaped-beam that directional diagram quickly falls by array layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration using the array element of a small amount of shaped aerial, comprising: 4 array elements of first lap；8 array elements of the second circle；And 4 array elements of third circle, wherein three circle array elements are the concyclic hearts.Therefore, using rectangle shaped aerial array of the invention, covering overlapping or the blind area of adjacent multiplexing cell can effectively be eliminated, realize better rectangle wave beam forming effect, minor lobe is reduced, array element quantity is reduced, realizes miniaturization, the low weight design of rectangle shaped aerial, to which the present invention can preferably be applied to the fields such as mobile communication, reaches save the cost, saves time purpose.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas and wireless communication, and relates to a rectangular shaped antenna array with a rapidly falling directional diagram.
Background
Shaped antennas refer to antennas that can generate specific beam shapes, in order to improve the strength of wireless signals in a specific area and reduce interference in other areas, and array antenna technology is generally used to optimally design the aperture field distribution of the antenna so as to obtain a desired far-field beam shape.
In mobile communication technology, a large service area is divided into a plurality of cells to provide mobile communication services, and each cell needs to be equipped with an antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. However, the coverage area of a common antenna is generally circular, and cannot meet the requirement of cell division. Therefore, the requirement for the rectangular beam forming antenna is met, and meanwhile, in order to reduce the co-channel interference between adjacent cells, the rectangular beam forming antenna is required to be capable of rapidly falling off in a wave lobe at a half-power angle. The characteristics enable the shaped antenna to effectively eliminate the coverage overlapping or blind area of adjacent multiplexing cells and make the cell boundary clear as much as possible.
At present, in the prior art, rectangular beam forming is generally realized by adopting a rectangular array amplitude weighting method, but the rectangular beam forming method has the defects of rectangular beam forming effect, directional diagram falling, side lobe suppression, weight and volume and the like. Therefore, the electric performance of the shaped antenna is optimized, the weight and the volume are reduced, and the method has very important significance for improving the frequency reuse efficiency and the capacity of a distributed system of a mobile communication system.
According to the background of the existing theoretical research, the main difficulties of the optimal design of the shaped antenna are as follows:
1. in the prior art, the external lobe at the half-power angle of a rectangular shaped antenna is not dropped fast enough, the side lobe is higher, and the covering overlapping or blind area of adjacent multiplexing cells can not be effectively eliminated;
2. in the prior art, a rectangular shaped antenna array only weights amplitude, so that adjustable parameters are less, and the shaping effect is not obvious enough; and
3. the rectangular shaped antenna array units in the prior art are more in number and cannot meet the requirements of miniaturization and low weight.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and overcome the difficulties in the prior art, the invention provides a design scheme of a rectangular shaped antenna array with a rapidly-falling directional diagram, solves the problems that the external lobe of the half-power angle of the rectangular shaped antenna is not fast-falling and the side lobe is higher, realizes the rectangular shaped beam with the rapidly-falling directional diagram through array layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration, has fewer using units, and can effectively meet the requirements of miniaturization and low weight.
The invention provides a rectangular shaped antenna array, which adopts a small number of array units of shaped antennas to realize a rectangular shaped beam with a rapidly falling directional diagram through array layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration, and comprises the following steps: 4 array elements of the first ring; 8 array elements of a second turn; and a third turn of 4 array elements, wherein the three turns of array elements are concentric.
In the invention, the array unit is a single-polarized or dual-polarized crossed dipole antenna, a patch antenna or a waveguide antenna.
In the array units, the feeding amplitude of the 4 array units of the first circle is the largest, the feeding amplitudes of the array units are sequentially decreased from the inner figure to the outer circle, and the feeding amplitudes of the array units of all circles are consistent.
Further, when the feeding amplitude of the 4 array elements of the first turn is 0dB, the feeding amplitude of the 8 array elements of the second turn is-5 dB to-15 dB, and the feeding amplitude of the 4 array elements of the third turn is-8 dB to-16 dB.
In the array elements, the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the first turn and the 8 array elements of the second turn are the same, and the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the third turn are different from the feeding phases of the other array elements by 180 °.
The layout of the 4 array units of the first ring is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 0.3 lambda-0.5 lambda. Where λ is the operating wavelength. The layout of the 8 array units of the second circle is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 0.7 lambda-0.9 lambda. The layout of the 4 array units of the third circle is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 1.2 lambda-1.8 lambda. The positions of 4 array units in the 8 array units of the second circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna, and the positions of the 4 array units of the third circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
1) compared with the rectangular shaped antenna in the prior art, the half-power angle outer lobe of the invention falls faster, the side lobe is lower, and the covering overlapping or blind area of adjacent multiplexing cells can be effectively eliminated;
2) compared with the rectangular shaped antenna in the prior art, the invention realizes better rectangular beam forming effect by adjusting array layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration;
3) compared with the rectangular shaped antenna in the prior art, the array antenna reduces the number of array units, and realizes the miniaturization and low-weight design of the rectangular shaped antenna; and
4) the invention can be better applied to the fields of mobile communication and the like, and achieves the purposes of saving cost and time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a rectangular shaped antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an amplitude weighted graph of a rectangular shaped antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of amplitude and phase configuration of a rectangular shaped antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a three-dimensional pattern of a rectangular shaped antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of a rectangular shaped antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the present invention includes the layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration of the array units of the shaped antenna, wherein the array units are the same cross element antenna, patch antenna or waveguide antenna, and the array layout includes 4 array units of the first circle, 8 array units of the second circle and 4 array units of the third circle. The feeding amplitude of the first circle of array units is the largest, the feeding amplitudes of the array units are sequentially decreased from the inner circle to the outer circle, and the feeding amplitudes of all circles of array units are consistent. The array feeding phase is that the feeding phases of the 4 array units of the first circle and the 8 array units of the second circle are the same, and the feeding phase of the 4 array units of the third circle is 180 degrees different from the feeding phases of the other array units.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 to 5 and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in a rectangular shaped antenna array for mobile communication, array elements are dual-polarized cross dipole antennas, the designed operating frequency is 2.3GHz to 2.7GHz, and the array layout is 4 array elements of a first figure, 8 array elements of a second circle, and 4 array elements of a third circle.
As shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the array unit of the first circle and the center of the array is 50mm, the distance between the array unit of the second circle and the center of the array is 100mm, and the distance between the array unit of the third circle and the center of the array is 150 mm. The positions of 4 array units in the 8 array units of the second circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna, and the positions of the 4 array units of the third circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the array feeding amplitude is the maximum of the first circle of array elements, the feeding amplitudes decrease from the inner circle to the outer circle, and the feeding amplitudes of the array elements of each circle are consistent. Compared with the first circle of array units (the feeding amplitude of the central unit is set to be 0dB), the feeding amplitude of the second circle of array units is-8 dB, and the feeding amplitude of the second circle of array units is-13 dB. The array feeding phase is the same as the feeding phase of the first graph array unit and the second circle array unit, and the feeding phase of the third circle array unit is 180 degrees different from that of other array units.
Fig. 4 and 5 are calculated rectangular shaped antenna array patterns, where fig. 4 is a three-dimensional pattern of the rectangular shaped antenna array, and fig. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of the rectangular shaped antenna array. According to the results, the antenna array realizes a good rectangular beam forming effect, the half-power angle outer lobe falls off quickly, and the side lobe and back lobe suppression effect is good.
Therefore, the rectangular shaped antenna array unit with the rapidly falling directional diagram is a single-polarized or dual-polarized crossed dipole antenna, a patch antenna or a waveguide antenna, the array layout is composed of three circles of concentric array units, namely 4 array units in the first circle, 8 array units in the second circle and 4 array units in the third circle.
The layout of the 4 array units of the first circle of the shaped antenna array is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 0.3 lambda-0.5 lambda. Where λ is the operating wavelength. The layout of the 8 array units of the second circle is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 0.7 lambda-0.9 lambda. The layout of the 4 array units of the third circle is uniformly distributed on a circle which takes the center of the array as the center of a circle and has the radius of 1.2 lambda-1.8 lambda. The positions of 4 array units in the 8 array units of the second circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna, and the positions of the 4 array units of the third circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna.
In addition, the feeding amplitude of the first circle of array units of the shaped antenna array is the largest, the feeding amplitudes of the array units are sequentially decreased from the inner circle to the outer circle, and the feeding amplitudes of the array units of all circles are consistent. When the feeding amplitude of the 4 array units of the first ring is 0dB, the feeding amplitude of the 8 array units of the second ring is-5 dB to-15 dB, and the feeding amplitude of the 4 array units of the third ring is-8 dB to-16 dB. In the array elements, the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the first turn and the 8 array elements of the second figure are the same, and the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the third turn are different from the feeding phases of the other array elements by 180 °.
In summary, the rectangular shaped antenna array of the present invention can effectively eliminate the coverage overlap or blind area of adjacent multiplexing cells, achieve better rectangular beam shaping effect, reduce side lobes, reduce the number of array units, and achieve miniaturization and low weight design of rectangular shaped antennas, so that the present invention can be better applied to the fields of mobile communication, etc., and achieve the purposes of saving cost and time.
The parts not described in the present invention belong to the known art in the field.
Claims (6)
1. A rectangular shaped antenna array adopts array units of a small number of shaped antennas, and realizes rectangular shaped beams with rapidly falling directional diagrams through array layout, amplitude weighting and phase configuration, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
4 array elements of the first ring;
8 array elements of a second turn; and
the third turn of 4 array elements,
wherein the three circles of array units are concentric,
in the array units, the feeding amplitude of the 4 array units of the first ring is the maximum, the feeding amplitudes of the array units are sequentially decreased from the inner ring to the outer ring, and the feeding amplitudes of the array units of all rings are consistent,
the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the first turn and the 8 array elements of the second turn are the same, and the feeding phases of the 4 array elements of the third turn are different from the feeding phases of the other array elements by 180 °.
2. The rectangular shaped antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the array elements are single or dual polarized crossed dipole antennas, patch antennas or waveguide antennas.
3. The rectangular shaped antenna array of claim 1, wherein when the feed amplitude of the 4 array elements of the first turn is 0dB,
the feeding amplitude of the 8 array units of the second ring is-5 dB to-15 dB, an
The feeding amplitude of the 4 array units of the third ring is-8 dB to-16 dB.
4. The rectangular shaped antenna array according to claim 2, wherein the 4 array elements of the first ring are uniformly distributed on a circle with a radius of 0.3 λ -0.5 λ and an array center as a center,
where λ is the operating wavelength.
5. The rectangular shaped antenna array according to claim 2, wherein the 8 array elements of the second turn are uniformly distributed on a circle with a radius of 0.7 λ -0.9 λ and an array center as a center,
where λ is the operating wavelength.
6. The rectangular shaped antenna array according to claim 2, wherein the 4 array elements of the third turn are uniformly distributed on a circle with a radius of 1.2 λ -1.8 λ and an array center as a center,
wherein,
lambda is the wavelength of operation and,
the positions of 4 array units in the 8 array units of the second circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna,
the positions of the 4 array units of the third circle are obtained by respectively translating the 4 array units of the first circle along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the outer frame of the array antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510936949.7A CN106887720B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Rectangle shaped aerial array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510936949.7A CN106887720B (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Rectangle shaped aerial array |
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| CN106887720B true CN106887720B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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| CN109638441A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-16 | 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 | Array antenna and its array antenna beam adjustment equipment |
| CN111525285B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-04-02 | 西安黄河机电有限公司 | Thin-array antenna and design method thereof |
| CN112736482B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-05-03 | 电子科技大学 | Rectangular beam forming holographic artificial impedance surface |
| CN113451754B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2023-04-14 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Rectangular shaped array antenna |
| CN114843797B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-08-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Large-space array antenna based on subarray-level mixed array and design method |
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| IL110896A0 (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1994-11-28 | Loral Qualcomm Satellite Serv | Active transmit phases array antenna with amplitude taper |
| CN102683898B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江大学 | Method for designing array antennae distributed in circular aperture field based on Bessel function |
| KR102008338B1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2019-10-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | An array antenna apparatus for implementing beam width using antenna elements |
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