CN106839909B - Reduce the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method of Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation - Google Patents
Reduce the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method of Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106839909B CN106839909B CN201710209890.0A CN201710209890A CN106839909B CN 106839909 B CN106839909 B CN 106839909B CN 201710209890 A CN201710209890 A CN 201710209890A CN 106839909 B CN106839909 B CN 106839909B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming methods that can be effectively reduced Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation and improve demolition effect.The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Powder charge step：Water bag is arranged in the bottom of bench blasting blasthole, and continuous charging is carried out above water bag；Primacord deposition step：More primacords are arranged in the powder stick both sides positioned at blasthole middle and lower part, primacord is connected on detonator, and stemming is used in combination to block aperture；And detonation step：The powder charge in blasthole is ignited by detonating capsule.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blasting method fields, and in particular to a kind of multidirectional collision that can reduce Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation
Cumulative multipoint priming method.
Background technology
Long-hole Bench Blasting generally refers to shell on step in adopting for opencut or on soil smooth in advance drill quick-fried
Broken, the aperture of drilling is more than 50mm, and hole depth is more than 5m, and a kind of bursting work mode for extending pack is packed into hole.With
The emergence of large and medium-sized drilling machine, Open Medium-depth Hole Bench Cut Blasting have become power station aggregate and open using more and more extensive
Adopt the main means with mine oprn-work.But in practical Long-hole Bench Blasting, with the increase of blast hole depth, hole bed rock
The clamping action that stone is subject to is increasing, causes demolition effect bad, and bench blasting foundation incidence is very high, causes to clear up foundation
It is big with secondary blasting workload, construction cost is not only increased, but also increase the possibility of the abrasion and failure generation of equipment, it is unfavorable
In the safety of personnel equipment, being normally carried out for production is influenced.Therefore it needs to design new blasting method reduction methods of blasting toes in open, improve
Demolition effect.
Invention content
The present invention is to carry out in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind can effectively reduce deep hole step
Methods of blasting toes in open and the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method for improving demolition effect.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme.
The present invention provides a kind of multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, and feature exists
In including the following steps：Powder charge step：Water bag is arranged in the bottom of bench blasting blasthole, and continuous charging is carried out above water bag,
Form powder stick；Primacord deposition step：More primacords are arranged in the powder stick both sides positioned at blasthole middle and lower part, and primacord is connected
Onto detonator, stemming is used in combination to block aperture；And detonation step：The powder charge in blasthole is ignited by detonating capsule.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also wrap
It includes：Drill process：Drilling depth is 10m, and bottom hole is backbreak, and depth of backbreaking is 1m.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：Wherein, water bag is made of polythene material, and it is 50cm, a length of 20-25cm, diameter to fill the overall thickness after water
For 20-30mm, filled water amount is the 90% of volume in water bag.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：Powder stick diameter=blasthole diameter-A, A is the arbitrary value within the scope of 30~10mm.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：The total length of powder stick is more than 5m.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：More primacords are evenly arranged in the both sides of powder stick.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：As a diameter of 50mm of powder stick, arrange that two primacords, powder stick diameter often increase 20mm~25mm, more cloth
Set a primacord.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：The distance of the position of detonator arrangement to blasthole bottom hole is the 1/2~1/4 of powder charge segment length.
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, can also have
There is such feature：The distance of the position of detonator arrangement to blasthole bottom hole is the 1/3 of powder charge segment length.
The effect of invention
The present invention due to using the technology described above, therefore compared with prior art, has the following advantages：
(1) due to arranging more primacords in blasthole middle and lower part powder stick both sides, detonation wave can be utilized to collide cumulative
The blasting energy of cannon hole bottom can reduce or eliminate only by change detonation mode and using major diameter powder stick
Foundation need not carry out secondary blasting to retained root bottom, improve demolition effect；
(2) due to being mounted with water bag in bottom hole, it can make full use of the compound of hydraulic fracturing and quick-fried raw high pressure gas
Effect so that blasthole floor rocks are broken uniform, achieve the effect that reduce foundation, meanwhile, the water in water bag can reduce explosion
The dust of generation creates good construction efficiency；
(3) this programme only needs to change detonation mode, using major diameter powder stick, so that it may with the demolition effect got well, at
This is low, easily operated, is suitable for large-scale promotion and uses.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the layout drawing of medium-length hole step blasthole of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is blast hole loading structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the I-I sectional views of blast hole loading structure in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is employed in embodiment one
A diameter of 76mm blastholes sectional view, (b) be embodiment two employed in a diameter of 90mm blastholes sectional view, be (c)
The sectional view of diameter 105mm blastholes employed in embodiment three；
Fig. 4 is detonation wave collision Mohaupt effect schematic diagram one in the embodiment of the present invention one；And
Fig. 5 is detonation wave collision Mohaupt effect schematic diagram two in the embodiment of the present invention one.
In above-mentioned Fig. 1 to 5, each part numbers are as follows：
1. blasthole, 2. water bags, 3. powder charge sections, 4. powder sticks, 5. primacords, 6. detonators, 7. block sections, 8. reference planes, 9. quick-fried
The cumulative that Hong wave, the path line of 10. points of impingement, the direction of propagation of 11. detonation waves, 12. powder column walls, 13. detonation wave oblique impacts generate
Air-flow, 14. blasthole walls, 15. rock mass.
Specific implementation mode
The multidirectional collision cumulative multiple spot according to the present invention for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation is risen referring to the drawings
Quick-fried method is elaborated.The part not elaborated in following embodiment belongs to the prior art.
<Embodiment one>
Some hydropower station aggregate exploitation engineering, Long-hole Bench Blasting need to reduce methods of blasting toes in open, and explosion is designed as：It is vertical to bore
Hole, drilling depth 10m, bottom hole are backbreak, and depth of backbreaking is 1m, and bore diameter 76mm, pitch of holes is 2.0~2.5m,
Using intermediate detonation mode.It is more using the multidirectional collision cumulative for reducing methods of blasting toes in open in the present embodiment one as shown in Fig. 1~3 (a)
The specific implementation step that point initiation method carries out explosion is as follows：
S1. drill process：
Artificial first or mechanical removal batholith surface coating, smooth location；
Then face is blown with high-pressure air hose, bench blasting blasthole 1 (only showing 3 blastholes 1 in Fig. 1) is hole-specifically put
Sample, point are identified with red paint；
Then, it is designed in strict accordance with above-mentioned explosion in quick-fried area and carries out 1 cloth hole of blasthole；
After drilling, the actual grade for measuring drilling fills out the fluffing of moulding sand of suitable thickness or tiny rubble grain in blasthole bottom,
Make the bottom of all blastholes 1 all in same elevation；
S2. powder charge step：
One layer of water bag 2 is arranged in the bottom of blasthole 1, and 2 top of water bag is then subjected to continuous charging, shape as powder charge section 3
At powder stick 4, the total length of powder stick 4 is more than 5m；
Here, the water bag 2 of use is made of polythene material, a length of 20-25cm, a diameter of 20-30mm, in water bag 2
Filled water amount is the 90% of volume, and it is 50cm to fill the overall thickness after water；The total length of powder stick 4 is more than 5m, and powder stick diameter=blasthole is straight
Diameter-A, A are the arbitrary value within the scope of 30~10mm, in the present embodiment one, a diameter of 50mm of powder stick；
S3. primacord deposition step：
Two primacords 5 are evenly arranged in 4 both sides of powder stick positioned at 1 middle and lower part of blasthole, the end of primacord 5 is connected to
On detonator 6, stemming is used in combination to block aperture, blocking 7 length of section is 2m；
Here, the distance of the position that detonator 6 is arranged to 1 bottom hole of blasthole is the 1/2~1/4 of 3 length of powder charge section, the present embodiment
Optimal proportion value 1/3 is used in one；
S4. it detonates step：
After confirming entire initiation net safety, the powder charge in blasthole 1 is ignited by detonating capsule 6 so that middle and lower part
Powder stick 4 carries out multidirectional detonation by primacord 5, and rest part powder stick 4 is detonated by detonator 6, i.e., the powder stick 4 of 8 or more reference plane, under
Portion's one third is detonated by primacord 5, and top 2/3rds is detonated by detonator 6.
After explosion completion, relevant apparatus can be used and check explosion flatness, observe foundation residual condition.The present embodiment
In one, by checking, it is found that catalase is uniform, explosion residual is obviously reduced, and flatness is preferable, without carrying out secondary construction,
Obtain good demolition effect.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, after detonation, due to arranging two primacords 5 in 4 both sides of powder stick, can utilize quick-fried
Hong wave 9 collides cumulative and increases output of the explosive energy to 1 bottom of blasthole.I.e., it is detonated by two symmetrical primacords 5, realizes detonation
The collision of wave 9 in the plane, when collision, since the line of two primacords 5 is the diameter in explosive section, the physical arrangement of explosive
Uniformly, i.e., in any volume in explosive, ingredient and density are all identical, fine and close solid monomer explosives, so two row
Detonation wave 9 is first in the center of circle central collision of powder column section, and as shown in Figure 4, lines 10 indicate that the path line of the point of impingement, arrow 11 indicate
The direction of propagation of detonation wave 9, the place that then do not collide continue to propagate, they after circle centre position central collision and then from the center of circle to
Continuously collision is gone down for both sides, and it is all oblique impact to cross the later collision in the center of circle, and after normal impact is converted into angular impact, detonation pressure gradually increases,
When angular impact incidence angle reaches certain value, Mach reflection is formed, so that detonation pressure is reached collision maximum value, while energy being converged in
In the range of one very little, high-pressure area is formed, the pressure and energy density at the point of impingement can be increased drastically, and detonation wave 9 collides
Detonation pressure afterwards is twice or more of conventional steady detonation detonation pressure, and the high pressure of the collision formation of detonation wave 9, high-energy density gas are (quick-fried
Hong wave oblique impact generate cumulative air-flow 13) jet stream to 12 both sides of powder column wall project, substantially increase explosion to blasthole surrounding medium
Damage capability, therefore collide Mohaupt effect using detonation wave 9 and can improve the blasting energy of 1 bottom of blasthole, it is quick-fried to reduce step
Broken foundation.
In addition, the water bag 2 mounted on 1 bottom of blasthole is used as a kind of explosion and crushing assist medium, in explosion, in water bag 2
Liquid generated great hydraulic pressure by 9 strong effect of detonation wave, act on blasthole wall 14, the rock mass 15 around blasthole 1 exists
Radial fissure is generated under detonation gas and hydraulic fracturing collective effect, rock mass 15 is broken uniform, simultaneously because propagate in water
It is incompressible to water to hit wave, explosion energy passes through in Water transport to borehole country rock without loss, the stress of this noenergy loss
Wave is advantageous to catalase, to improve the demolition effect of bottom hole rock.
Further, the blasting energy that 1 bottom of blasthole can be increased using major diameter medicine makes bottom have enough blasting energies
To overcome the clamping action of rock, elimination or reduction foundation.
<Embodiment two>
Some hydropower station aggregate exploitation engineering, Long-hole Bench Blasting need to reduce methods of blasting toes in open, and explosion is designed as：It is vertical to bore
Hole, drilling depth 10m, ultra-deep 1m, bore diameter 90mm, pitch of holes is 2.0~2.5m, using intermediate detonation mode.
As shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3 (b), carried out using the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method for reducing methods of blasting toes in open in the present embodiment two
The specific implementation step of explosion is as follows：
S1. drill process：
Artificial first or mechanical removal batholith surface coating, smooth location；
Then face is blown with high-pressure air hose, bench blasting blasthole 1 (only showing 3 blastholes 1 in Fig. 1) is hole-specifically put
Sample, point are identified with red paint；
Then, it is designed in strict accordance with above-mentioned explosion in quick-fried area and carries out 1 cloth hole of blasthole；
After drilling, the actual grade for measuring drilling fills out the fluffing of moulding sand of suitable thickness or tiny rubble grain in blasthole bottom,
Make the bottom of all blastholes 1 all in same elevation；
S2. powder charge step：
One layer of water bag 2 is arranged in the bottom of blasthole 1, and it is 50cm to fill the overall thickness after water；Then by 2 top of water bag as dress
Medicine section 3 carries out continuous charging, forms powder stick 4, and the total length of powder stick 4 is more than 5m, a diameter of 70mm of powder stick；
S3. primacord deposition step：
Three primacords 5 (see 3 (b)) are evenly arranged in 4 both sides of powder stick positioned at 1 middle and lower part of blasthole, by the end of primacord 5
End is connected on detonator 6, and stemming is used in combination to block aperture, and blocking 7 length of section is 2m；
Here, the distance of the position that detonator 6 is arranged to 1 bottom hole of blasthole is the 1/3 of 3 length of powder charge section；
S4. it detonates step：
After confirming entire initiation net safety, the powder charge in blasthole 1 is ignited by detonating capsule 6 so that middle and lower part
Powder stick 4 carries out multidirectional detonation by primacord 5, and rest part powder stick 4 is detonated by detonator 6, i.e., the powder stick 4 of 8 or more reference plane, under
Portion's one third is detonated by primacord 5, and top 2/3rds is detonated by detonator 6.
In embodiment two, detonation wave collision Mohaupt effect principle is similar with embodiment one, repeats no more.
In the present embodiment two, by checking, it is found that catalase is uniform, explosion residual is obviously reduced, and flatness is preferable, nothing
Secondary construction need to be carried out, good demolition effect is equally obtained.<Embodiment three>
Some hydropower station aggregate exploitation engineering, Long-hole Bench Blasting need to reduce methods of blasting toes in open, and explosion is designed as：It is vertical to bore
Hole, drilling depth 10m, ultra-deep 1m, bore diameter 105mm, pitch of holes is 2.0~2.5m, using intermediate detonation mode.
As shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3 (c), carried out using the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method for reducing methods of blasting toes in open in the present embodiment three
The specific implementation step of explosion is as follows：
S1. drill process：
Artificial first or mechanical removal batholith surface coating, smooth location；
Then face is blown with high-pressure air hose, bench blasting blasthole 1 (only showing 3 blastholes 1 in Fig. 1) is hole-specifically put
Sample, point are identified with red paint；
Then, it is designed in strict accordance with above-mentioned explosion in quick-fried area and carries out 1 cloth hole of blasthole；
After drilling, the actual grade for measuring drilling fills out the fluffing of moulding sand of suitable thickness or tiny rubble grain in blasthole bottom,
Make the bottom of all blastholes 1 all in same elevation；
S2. powder charge step：
One layer of water bag 2 is arranged in the bottom of blasthole 1, and it is 50cm to fill the overall thickness after water；Then by 2 top of water bag as dress
Medicine section 3 carries out continuous charging, forms powder stick 4, and the total length of powder stick 4 is more than 5m, a diameter of 90mm of powder stick；
S3. primacord deposition step：
Four primacords 5 (see 3 (c)) are evenly arranged in 4 both sides of powder stick positioned at 1 middle and lower part of blasthole, by the end of primacord 5
End is connected on detonator 6, and stemming is used in combination to block aperture, and blocking 7 length of section is 2m；
Here, the distance of the position that detonator 6 is arranged to 1 bottom hole of blasthole is the 1/3 of 3 length of powder charge section；
S4. it detonates step：
After confirming entire initiation net safety, the powder charge in blasthole 1 is ignited by detonating capsule 6 so that middle and lower part
Powder stick 4 carries out multidirectional detonation by primacord 5, and rest part powder stick 4 is detonated by detonator 6, i.e., the powder stick 4 of 8 or more reference plane, under
Portion's one third is detonated by primacord 5, and top 2/3rds is detonated by detonator 6.
In embodiment three, detonation wave collision Mohaupt effect principle is similar with embodiment one, repeats no more.
In the present embodiment three, by checking, it is found that catalase is uniform, explosion residual is obviously reduced, and flatness is preferable, nothing
Secondary construction need to be carried out, good demolition effect is also obtained.
Three above embodiment is only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.Reduction according to the present invention
The multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method of Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation is not merely defined in described in the embodiment above
Structure, but be subject to claim limited range.Those skilled in the art of the invention are on the basis of the embodiment
On any modify or supplement or equivalence replacement done, all in scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step：
Powder charge step：Water bag is arranged in the bottom of bench blasting blasthole, and continuous charging is carried out above water bag, forms powder stick；
Primacord deposition step：More primacords are arranged in the powder stick both sides positioned at the blasthole middle and lower part, are led described
Quick-fried rope is connected on detonator, and stemming is used in combination to block aperture；And
Detonation step：The powder charge in blasthole is ignited by detonating capsule,
Wherein, the distance of position to the blasthole bottom hole of the detonator arrangement is the 1/2~1/4 of powder charge segment length,
Overall thickness after the water packed water is 50cm.
2. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 1 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is, further includes：
Drill process：Drilling depth is 10m, and bottom hole is backbreak, and depth of backbreaking is 1m,
Filled water amount is the 90% of volume in the water bag.
3. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 1 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is：
Wherein, powder stick diameter=blasthole diameter-A, A is the arbitrary value within the scope of 30~10mm.
4. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 1 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is：
Wherein, the total length of the powder stick is more than 5m.
5. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 1 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is：
Wherein, the more primacords are evenly arranged in the both sides of the powder stick.
6. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 5 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is：
Wherein, as a diameter of 50mm of powder stick, arrange that two primacords, the powder stick diameter often increase 20mm~25mm,
A mostly piece primacord of arrangement.
7. the multidirectional collision cumulative multipoint priming method according to claim 1 for reducing Long-hole Bench Blasting foundation, special
Sign is：
Wherein, the distance of position to the blasthole bottom hole of the detonator arrangement is the 1/3 of powder charge segment length.
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| CN110174031B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-12-28 | 山东科技大学 | Device for overcoming blasting root |
| CN112097577B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2023-01-03 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | Slope control blasting method near end |
| CN112729035B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-02-28 | 上海二十冶建设有限公司 | Integral static blasting device for relatively complete rock stratum and construction method thereof |
| CN114923386A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Water-proof charging device and method in hole suitable for underwater blasting |
| CN115493460A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Charging structure and charging method for improving synergistic blasting effect by using energy gathering device |
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| US4313380A (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1982-02-02 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Distributed charge for seismic prospecting |
| CN1125968C (en) * | 2000-12-06 | 2003-10-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Explosive forming process of underground fixed-wall reservoir |
| CN100570272C (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2009-12-16 | 大连理工大学 | Commercial explosive cumulative line style cutter |
| CN104713432A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-17 | 大连理工大学 | Blasting method employing detonation wave energy collection |
| CN106225617B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-08-21 | 武汉大学 | A kind of rock-burst prevention method based on quick-fried rammer hydrofracturing |
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