CN106815097A - Database disaster tolerance system and method - Google Patents
Database disaster tolerance system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106815097A CN106815097A CN201710033841.6A CN201710033841A CN106815097A CN 106815097 A CN106815097 A CN 106815097A CN 201710033841 A CN201710033841 A CN 201710033841A CN 106815097 A CN106815097 A CN 106815097A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/142—Reconfiguring to eliminate the error
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
- G06F16/284—Relational databases
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Abstract
A kind of database disaster tolerance system and method are the embodiment of the invention provides, system is included：MDL, standby database, Standby control mechanism；Wherein described Standby control mechanism includes：For monitor MDL and standby database positioning HA modules, for the log pattern of generation WAL daily records when the modification operation to MDL is received, the WAL daily records for log pattern to be generated be transferred to the stream replication module of standby database from MDL, for parsing WAL daily records so as to carry out the journal recovery operation module for changing operation corresponding with MDL for database.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of information security technology of database, more particularly to a kind of database disaster tolerance system and side
Method.
Background technology
With the development of society, increasing data are using electronic form storage；Either live, work, learn
All it be unable to do without the support of information system.Database Systems as informationization technology core, the direct shadow of its safety and reliability
Ring to whole information system.Database disaster-tolerant backup is always an important step for protecting data safety, can be right in real time
Database is backed up to prevent loss of data.Existing database disaster-tolerant backup technology mainly has following several：
1st, the database of early stage replicates the duplication for being based primarily upon data file, is based on bottom storage or operating system
Data syn-chronization ability；Such reproduction technology is big to performance impact, and it cannot be guaranteed that promptness.
2nd, the database based on daily record is replicated, and same base library is set up at backup end, is redo log by backup end
Mode real-time synchronization；Backup end carries out daily record and reforms reduction in real time, so as to reach the purpose of Hot Spare.This scheme lack
Be trapped in：Backup library can not carry out real-time query in synchronizing process, and only being gone wrong in master library stops service and database
When service switches, the content of backup library could be read.
3rd, the db transaction of capture master library in real time, and real-time synchronization is at least one backup library so that backup library
Open states are in synchronizing process；This scheme realizes real-time query and the on-line analysis of data, is adapted to big data and exists
The demand of line analysis.
But identical disaster-tolerant backup scheme is all used for whole database in the prior art, so causes whole system
Disaster-tolerant backup cannot meet needs.
The content of the invention
For whole database in the prior art all using the problem of identical disaster-tolerant backup scheme, the embodiment of the present invention
Purpose is to provide a kind of effective and efficient database disaster tolerance system and method.
In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of database disaster tolerance system, including：MDL,
Standby database, Standby control mechanism；
Wherein described Standby control mechanism includes：For monitoring the HA modules of MDL and standby database positioning, being used for
When the modification operation to MDL is received the log pattern of generation WAL daily records, for generate log pattern WAL days
Will is transferred to the stream replication module of standby database from MDL, for parsing WAL daily records so that standby database is carried out and main number
Change the journal recovery operation module of operation accordingly according to storehouse；
Wherein described log pattern generates WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and by flowing backed stamper
Block is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, with according to the WAL daily records pair
Standby database changed with MDL identical and operated；
When the HA module monitors to MDL or standby database break down according to default failure handling mechanisms
Pattern switching is carried out, and historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when fault recovery is detected.
Wherein, the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following operation：The SQL languages received using database middleware parsing
Sentence, the modification operation requests and inquiry request in the SQL statement are separated, and modification operation requests are sent into main number
Standby database is sent to according to storehouse, by inquiry operation request.
Wherein, the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following operation：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and
WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records are sent to standby database by flowing replication module.
Wherein, the system also includes snapshot module, described to look for module fast to standby database generation in Preset Time point soon
According to, with receive inquiry operation ask when according to generation snapshot carry out respective queries operation.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of database disaster tolerance side of the system using as described in preceding any one
Method, including：
Pattern switching is carried out according to default failure handling mechanisms when monitoring that MDL or standby database break down,
And historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when fault recovery is detected；
Monitoring to generate WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and replicates skill in MDL by flowing
Art is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, with according to the WAL daily records pair
Standby database changed with MDL identical and operated.
Wherein, methods described also includes：The SQL statement received using database middleware parsing, by the SQL statement
In modification operation requests and inquiry request separated, and will modification operation requests be sent to MDL, by inquiry operation
Request is sent to standby database.
Wherein, the monitoring generates WAL daily records, specifically in MDL with when MDL receives modification operation
Including：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records is multiple by stream
Molding block is sent to standby database.
Wherein, methods described also includes：Snapshot is generated to standby database in Preset Time point, to receive inquiry operation
Snapshot during request according to generation carries out respective queries operation.
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention has the beneficial effect that：Above-mentioned technical scheme proposes a kind of database disaster tolerance
System and method, employ the Data Replication Technology in Mobile of relational database block rank, calamity and are under recovery state for client database
The read-only technology of database, calamity for client database minute level fast handoff technique, calamity for client database after rotation operation or disaster
Quick switchback after switching is standby integrated for client database calamity with calamity with quick reconstruction technique, the manufacturing side.Operationally, modification behaviour
Make to be completed by MDL, inquiry operation is then completed by standby database；Load balancing can so be realized.Standby database is carried simultaneously
For snapshot functions, the resource of MDL need not be so taken when some forms, statistical fractals are carried out, and not influence master data
Storehouse is read and write.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is replicating principle figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is read and write abruption schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is active-standby switch demonstration graph of the invention；
Fig. 4 is active and standby switchback demonstration graph of the invention；
Fig. 5 is calamity of the invention for Integrated Architecture figure.
Specific embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
As Figure 1-Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of database disaster tolerance system, including：It is MDL, standby
Database, Standby control mechanism；
Wherein described Standby control mechanism includes：For monitoring the HA modules of MDL and standby database positioning, being used for
When the modification operation to MDL is received the log pattern of generation WAL daily records, for generate log pattern WAL days
Will is transferred to the stream replication module of standby database from MDL, for parsing WAL daily records so that standby database is carried out and main number
Change the journal recovery operation module of operation accordingly according to storehouse；
Wherein described log pattern generates WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and by flowing backed stamper
Block is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, with according to the WAL daily records pair
Standby database changed with MDL identical and operated；
When the HA module monitors to MDL or standby database break down according to default failure handling mechanisms
Pattern switching is carried out, and historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when fault recovery is detected.
Wherein, the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following operation：The SQL languages received using database middleware parsing
Sentence, the modification operation requests and inquiry request in the SQL statement are separated, and modification operation requests are sent into main number
Standby database is sent to according to storehouse, by inquiry operation request.
Wherein, the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following operation：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and
WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records are sent to standby database by flowing replication module.
Wherein, the system also includes snapshot module, described to look for module fast to standby database generation in Preset Time point soon
According to, with receive inquiry operation ask when according to generation snapshot carry out respective queries operation.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of database disaster tolerance side of the system using as described in preceding any one
Method, including：
Pattern switching is carried out according to default failure handling mechanisms when monitoring that MDL or standby database break down,
And historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when fault recovery is detected；
Monitoring to generate WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and replicates skill in MDL by flowing
Art is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, with according to the WAL daily records pair
Standby database changed with MDL identical and operated.
Wherein, methods described also includes：The SQL statement received using database middleware parsing, by the SQL statement
In modification operation requests and inquiry request separated, and will modification operation requests be sent to MDL, by inquiry operation
Request is sent to standby database.
Wherein, the monitoring generates WAL daily records, specifically in MDL with when MDL receives modification operation
Including：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records is multiple by stream
Molding block is sent to standby database.
Wherein, methods described also includes：Snapshot is generated to standby database in Preset Time point, to receive inquiry operation
Snapshot during request according to generation carries out respective queries operation.
The present invention is different different with content according to the level to database manipulation, including：The number of relational database block rank
The read-only technology of database, calamity according to reproduction technology, calamity for client database under recovery state is quick for client database minute level
The quick switchback and quick reconstruction technique, the manufacturing side of handoff technique, calamity for client database after rotation operation or after disaster switching
It is standby integrated for client database calamity with calamity.
1st, the data duplication of relational database block rank, as shown in Figure 2, using stream replicating principle, will master library physics
Daily record incoming standby storehouse in the form of " stream ", standby storehouse is recurred incoming daily record and writes the physics of standby host one by one by duplicating process
In daily record.
For the other Data Replication Technology in Mobile of block level, mainly comprising herein below：
1. the synchronous delay situation analysis method of active and standby database data.
2. master library is powered off or restarted automatically, it is ensured that data consistency and integrality.
3. situations such as there is network interruption in reproduction process, it is ensured that data consistency and integrality.
4. for storehouse recovery process in, delay machine or power-off, the uniformity and integrality of data.
2nd, calamity is read-only for the database that client database is under recovery state.Database middleware is set up, parsing is transmitted across
The SQL statement for coming, all of write operation and inquiry request is separated by configuration file, and be respectively sent to principal and subordinate's data
Storehouse, reaches the effect that the pressure load of master library is shared in standby storehouse；Meanwhile, master library by flowing reproduction technology, by the change of data block, by
Bar record is transferred to standby storehouse, it is ensured that the database data uniformity on both sides.Standby storehouse then utilizes snapping technique, according to the checkpoint time
Snapshot is periodically produced, so as to ensure that inquiry is carried out with while recovery, i.e., in media recovery process, standby storehouse can be united
Meter and inquiry operation.Meanwhile, when there is a how standby situation of master, middleware can take dynamic algorithm in Distributed Calculation and from
Adaptive algorithm ensures the load balancing between standby host；Also can consider that the deployment way that cascade is replicated is asked solving the performance of main frame
Topic.
In media recovery process, standby storehouse is in read-only status, can process the read-only business such as inquiry, form and statistics.
1. judge Current transaction for transactional is operated or the correlation technique of inquiry generic operation.
2. when medium recovery is done, it is ensured that the state in standby storehouse is read-only status.
3. how read-write operation request is sent automatically to the active and standby storehouse server of correspondence.
4. the load balancing of each node how is ensured.
5. the solution that data base read-write is separate is proposed.
3rd, calamity is switched fast for client database minute level；As shown in Figure 3.Active-standby switch framework can be divided into five mainly
Module：Master library, standby storehouse, HA modules, wal recover modules and connect their stream replication module.Master library receives user please
Ask, to the operation generation WAL daily records of all database updates, set according to replicating, in due course machine, will by flowing replication module
WAL daily records are sent to standby storehouse.After standby storehouse receives WAL daily records, WAL daily records are parsed by wal recover modules, carry out master library of reforming
Operation, realizes data syn-chronization.HA module monitors master library and standby storehouse state, when failure generation is detected, start corresponding failure
Handling process, carries out pattern switching；When the recovery of failure website is detected, start and recover flow, synchronization history data.
Cannot be lasting offer database service under recovery situation in master library failure, and in the short time, need to carry out active and standby
Switching, will be promoted to master library for storehouse, continue externally to provide service.Simultaneously to shorten out of service time, minimize and business is transported
Capable influence, realizes that minute level is switched fast.
Active-standby switch is divided into the following two kinds pattern：
1. automatic switchover mode：During master library failure, standby storehouse automatically switches to master library, continues externally to provide service.
2. manual switching pattern：During system upgrade, maintenance, rehearsal, the active and standby storehouse of switching by hand, will master library be changed into standby
Storehouse, standby storehouse is changed into master library.
4th, quick switchback and quick reconstruction of the calamity for client database after rotation operation or after disaster switching；As shown in Figure 4.
Under normal circumstances, main database server hardware configuration is better than standby database server.So after master library failture evacuation, in order to
The high-performance of database service is kept, a switchback operation need to be carried out, recover the original framework of disaster tolerance system.Simultaneously in master library failure
In the case of cannot being excluded in short time, to avoid standby storehouse single-point from running, reduction business cuts off risk, master library need to be carried out quickly
Rebuild, disaster tolerance system is returned to can provide the High Availabitity state of failure automatic switchover.
System switchback is main to be made up of history WAL daily records synchronization, history WAL daily records application and a handover operation.Pass through
Accelerate each step of switchback, be capable of achieving quick switchback target, it is specific as follows：
1. log compression transmission：History WAL daily records are transmitted using compressed format, the time required to reducing network transmission.
2. parallel recovery：Wal recover modules open parallel work-flow, quick application wal daily records, when shortening active and standby synchronous
Between.
3. it is switched fast：Active-standby switch is realized using fast handoff technique.
5th, the manufacturing side is standby integrated for client database calamity with calamity, as shown in Figure 5.The manufacturing side is developed and improved with the standby end number of calamity
According to the standby integration of storehouse calamity, manufacturing side local backup function is provided by the standby end of calamity.
1. local disaster tolerance system
Local disaster tolerance system is used for hardware fault, database failure etc. occur when production system, for example：Server cannot be opened
Move, disk array cannot start, the performance issue of database or database cannot start, cause normally provide service
When, rapid pipe connecting production system, to ensure the continuity of service operation.
While disaster tolerance is realized, user can perform the work(such as report generation, data backup with read-only access standby database
Can, mitigate the load of primary database, improve resource utilization.
2. local backup system
Local backup system uses dbbackup utility, creation data is carried out automatically, timed backup.Can according to business
Restorative demand, history of forming backup version.By these backup versions, can restore data to specify any in the time
One time point.
The system is mainly used in taking precautions against the data corruption that artificial maloperation is caused, such as Truncate Table, Drop
The destruction of the data corruption that Table etc. is caused, especially historical data, at this moment needs to recover to lose using local backup system
Data.
3. long-distance disaster system
Using Data Replication Technology in Mobile by the data syn-chronization of production system/be replicated asynchronously in long-distance disaster system.
Long-distance disaster system is used for local generation power failure, network failure, fire, earthquake and other environmental bugs
When, business can in a short time in rapid pipe connecting to the disaster tolerance system in strange land, to ensure that business runs without interruption.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of database disaster tolerance system, it is characterised in that including：MDL, standby database, Standby control mechanism；
Wherein described Standby control mechanism includes：For monitoring the HA modules of MDL and standby database positioning, for connecing
The log pattern of generation WAL daily records when receiving the modification operation to MDL, for the WAL daily records that generate log pattern from
MDL is transferred to the stream replication module of standby database, for parsing WAL daily records so that standby database is carried out and MDL
The journal recovery operation module of corresponding modification operation；
Wherein described log pattern generates WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and is sent out by flowing replication module
It is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, is counted to standby with according to the WAL daily records
According to storehouse changed with MDL identical and operate；
Carried out according to default failure handling mechanisms when the HA module monitors to MDL or standby database break down
Pattern switching, and historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when fault recovery is detected.
2. database disaster tolerance system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following
Operation：The SQL statement received using database middleware parsing, by the modification operation requests in the SQL statement and inquiry
Request is separated, and modification operation requests is sent into MDL, inquiry operation request is sent into standby database.
3. database disaster tolerance system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the log pattern is additionally operable to perform following
Operation：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records is multiple by stream
Molding block is sent to standby database.
4. database disaster tolerance system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system also includes snapshot module, institute
State and look for soon module in Preset Time point to standby database generation snapshot, to receive when inquiry operation is asked according to the fast of generation
Shine into the operation of row respective queries.
5. the database disaster recovery method of a kind of system using as described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that including：
When monitoring that MDL or standby database break down pattern switching is carried out according to default failure handling mechanisms, and
Historical data synchronization is carried out according to default recovery mechanism when detecting fault recovery；
Monitoring to generate WAL daily records when MDL receives modification operation, and is sent out in MDL by flowing reproduction technology
It is sent to standby database；Standby database is parsed after receiving WAL daily records to WAL daily records, is counted to standby with according to the WAL daily records
According to storehouse changed with MDL identical and operate.
6. database disaster recovery method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：Using database
The SQL statement that middleware parsing is received, the modification operation requests and inquiry request in the SQL statement are separated, and
Modification operation requests are sent to MDL, inquiry operation request is sent to standby database.
7. database disaster recovery method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the monitoring in MDL, with master
Database generates WAL daily records when receiving modification operation, specifically includes：The change of the data block of record MDL one by one, and
WAL daily records are generated according to this, and the WAL daily records are sent to standby database by flowing replication module.
8. database disaster recovery method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：In Preset Time
Point generates snapshot to standby database, and respective queries operation is carried out according to the snapshot of generation with when inquiry operation request is received.
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