CN106646884B - Projection objective and three-dimensional display device - Google Patents
Projection objective and three-dimensional display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646884B CN106646884B CN201611270016.XA CN201611270016A CN106646884B CN 106646884 B CN106646884 B CN 106646884B CN 201611270016 A CN201611270016 A CN 201611270016A CN 106646884 B CN106646884 B CN 106646884B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-view-field projection objective lens which comprises a light splitting device, a relay lens group and a light splitting component. The relay lens group includes: the invention introduces a nanometer lens with a diffraction surface into an optical system, and the weight of the system can be reduced by replacing a double-cemented lens with the nanometer lens. The projection objective designed by the invention is matched with a DMD (digital micromirror device), an LCD (liquid Crystal display) or LCOS (liquid Crystal display) device and a corresponding illumination light source for use, light beams reflected by the display device are collected at an exit pupil, the exit pupil is arranged outside a projection structure and matched with a subsequent nano waveguide lens, and the constructed three-dimensional display device, particularly a near-eye three-dimensional display device, has the characteristics of large display field, high image quality and high light utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display equipment, in particular to a projection objective and a three-dimensional display device.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a new technology for seamlessly integrating real world information and virtual world information, and is characterized in that entity information (visual information, sound, taste, touch and the like) which is difficult to experience in a certain time and space range of the real world originally is overlapped after being simulated through scientific technologies such as computers, virtual information is applied to the real world and is perceived by human senses, so that the sensory experience beyond the reality is achieved. The real environment and the virtual object are superimposed on the same picture or space in real time and exist simultaneously.
An optical system of an Augmented Reality (AR) technology is an image amplification system, an image generated by a micro display is amplified by the optical system, and an amplified virtual image is presented at a certain distance in front of human eyes, so that a user can be completely immersed in a virtual situation and is not interfered by external information. If 3D video signals are input, 3D stereoscopic display can be directly realized without other auxiliary devices.
With the development of semiconductor technology, such as Digital micro-mirror chips (DMDs), liquid crystal display panels (LCD panels) and silicon chips (Lcos chips), the miniaturization of pixels is increasing, providing a condition for miniaturization of helmet-mounted displays, and AR optical systems are gradually developing toward large viewing fields, high resolutions, low weights, and small sizes. Projection systems are an important component of head mounted displays. The design of the projection system not only affects the quality of the image display, but also affects the volume and weight of the helmet display, and the comfort level of the observer, and determines the visual perception of the observer.
US2014/0211322a1 proposes a projection optical system, and the aperture of the reflective plano-convex lens 238 is large under the condition of large field of view, so that the whole optical system becomes large in volume. As shown in fig. 1.
Therefore, a miniaturized, large-field-of-view, high-pixel projection lens and a three-dimensional display device thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a miniaturized, large-field, high-pixel projection objective and a three-dimensional display device thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a projection objective comprising a light splitting device, a relay lens group, a light splitting assembly, the relay lens group comprising:
an aspherical lens group for correcting aberration by using an aspherical surface;
and/or at least one sheet of nanolens provided with a diffractive surface.
The invention introduces the nano lens with the diffraction surface into the optical system, and the nano lens is used for replacing a double-cemented lens for achromatization, thereby not only playing the role of achromatization, but also greatly reducing the weight of the system.
Preferably, the exit pupil of the projection objective is located outside the positive lens for collimating light.
Preferably, the relay lens groups are respectively arranged in sequence along the direction of light propagation: the lens comprises a first positive lens, a second positive lens, a first negative lens, a nanometer lens, a third positive lens and a second negative lens.
Preferably, the first positive lens is a convex lens with two surfaces being aspheric surfaces, the second positive lens is a convex lens with two surfaces being aspheric surfaces, the first negative lens is a lens with two surfaces being concave surfaces, the third positive lens is a lens with two surfaces being convex surfaces, and the second negative lens is a concave lens with two concave surfaces being aspheric surfaces.
Preferably, the nano lens is a lens with a concentric circular grating structure with a radius from small to large engraved on one surface or both surfaces.
Preferably, the light splitting assembly includes a positive lens in the exit pupil direction.
The projection objective designed by the invention is matched with a DMD (digital micromirror device), an LCD (liquid Crystal display) or LCOS (liquid Crystal display) device and a corresponding illumination light source for use, light beams reflected by the display device are collected at an exit pupil, the exit pupil is arranged outside a projection structure, and is matched with a subsequent convergent nano lens waveguide lens, so that the constructed three-dimensional display device, particularly a near-eye three-dimensional display device, has the characteristics of large display field, high image quality and high light utilization efficiency.
Preferably, the positive lens of the light splitting assembly in the exit pupil direction is a plano-convex lens.
Preferably, the nanolens diffraction surface is disposed near a conjugate plane of the projection objective exit pupil.
Preferably, the light splitting assemblies respectively comprise, in order from the light propagation direction: a beam splitter prism, a reflecting lens, and a positive lens for collimating light.
Preferably, the light splitting surface of the light splitting prism is a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting surface; the reflecting lens is glued on the beam splitting prism; the convex surface of the reflecting lens is plated with a reflecting film which enables incident light rays to be reflected back to the beam splitting prism; and a positive lens for collimating the light is glued on the surface of the beam splitter prism close to the exit pupil.
Preferably, the convex surface of the reflecting lens is an aspheric surface.
Preferably, the projection objectives are respectively arranged in sequence along the direction of light propagation: the system comprises a light splitting device, a relay lens group and a light splitting component; the relay lens group is respectively arranged along the direction of light propagation in sequence: the negative lens comprises a first positive lens, a second positive lens, a first negative lens, a nano lens, a third positive lens and a second negative lens, wherein the first positive lens is a convex lens with two surfaces being aspheric surfaces, the second positive lens is a convex lens with two surfaces being aspheric surfaces, the first negative lens is a lens with two surfaces being concave surfaces, the third positive lens is a lens with two surfaces being convex surfaces, and the second negative lens is a concave lens with two concave surfaces being aspheric surfaces.
The relay lens group adopts an aspheric surface to correct aberration and a nanometer lens to correct chromatic aberration of the system, thereby ensuring the image quality under the condition of large field of view.
Preferably, the diffraction surface of the nanolens is disposed near the conjugate surface of the exit pupil of the projection objective.
Preferably, the shape of the aspheric surface included in the first positive lens, the second positive lens and the second negative lens is obtained by the following polynomial equation:
wherein Z represents a distance in the optical axis direction of a point on the aspherical surface from the aspherical surface vertex; r represents the distance of a point on the aspheric surface from the optical axis; c represents the center curvature of the aspherical surface; k represents the conicity; a4, a6, a8, and a10 represent aspheric high-order term coefficients.
Preferably, the light splitting lens groups respectively include, in order from the light propagation direction:
a beam splitter prism, a reflecting lens, and a positive lens for collimating light.
Preferably, the light splitting surface of the light splitting prism is a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting surface; the reflecting lens is glued on the beam splitting prism; the convex surface of the reflecting lens is plated with a reflecting film which enables incident light rays to be reflected back to the beam splitting prism; and a positive lens for collimating the light is glued on the surface of the beam splitter prism close to the exit pupil.
Preferably, the exit pupil of the projection objective is located outside the positive lens for collimating light. Preferably, a nano waveguide lens is arranged at the exit pupil of the projection objective.
The invention also provides a three-dimensional display device comprising any one of the projection objective and an image information generating device.
Preferably, the image information generating device includes a DMD, LCD or LCOS display device, and an illumination light source.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a projection objective according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a nanolens
FIGS. 4 to 6 are graphs of aberration values observed for a wavelength of 459nm, a wavelength of 525nm and a wavelength of 618nm, respectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A projection objective comprises a light splitter, a relay lens group and a light splitting assembly, wherein the light splitting assembly is provided with a positive lens in the exit pupil direction.
According to the invention, the positive lens is arranged in the exit pupil direction, and the plano-convex lens is preferably selected, so that the visual angle range can be well expanded.
Preferably, the positive lens of the light splitting assembly in the exit pupil direction is a plano-convex lens.
The relay lens group includes:
an aspherical lens group for correcting aberration by using an aspherical surface;
the relay lens group can replace a double cemented lens for achromatization with at least one nano lens with a diffraction surface, the nano lens is a lens with one or two surfaces engraved with a concentric circle grating structure from small to large, as shown in fig. 3, a nano lens is additionally arranged, or more nano lenses can be used for replacing related lens components, so that the relay lens group can be used for correcting the chromatic aberration of the system, and simultaneously the weight of the relay lens group can be greatly reduced.
The invention introduces the nano lens with the diffraction surface into the optical system, and the nano lens is used for replacing the double-cemented lens for achromatization, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the system. The projection objective designed by the invention is matched with a DMD (digital micromirror device), an LCD (liquid Crystal display) or LCOS (liquid Crystal display) device and a corresponding illumination light source for use, light beams reflected by the display device are collected at an exit pupil, the exit pupil is arranged outside a projection structure, and is matched with a subsequent convergent nano lens waveguide lens, so that the constructed three-dimensional display device has the characteristics of large display field, high image quality and high light utilization efficiency.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the display device 5, the light splitting device 1, the relay lens group 2 and the light splitting assembly 3 are sequentially arranged along the light beam propagation direction, when a three-dimensional display device is constructed, an image information light beam (light) is emitted from the display device 5 (an image information generating device), is converged and imaged by the relay lens group 2 near a splitting surface of a splitting prism 31 of the light splitting assembly 3 after passing through the light splitting device 1 (a splitting prism can be generally adopted), is collimated by the light splitting assembly 3, is converged from an exit pupil 4 into a subsequent nano waveguide lens or other three-dimensional display assembly, and finally is converged into an enlarged virtual three-dimensional image in the human eye or in a space in front of the human eye by the nano lens waveguide lens or other three-dimensional display assembly.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the selection of each parameter is determined according to the requirement, for example, the parameters of the projection objective may be: the large field of view is 60 deg., the display device size can be chosen to be 0.37 inch, f is 8.6mm, the exit pupil size is 4mm, 5mm behind the positive lens 33.
The display device 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be in various manners such as DMD, LCD, or LCOS, and the illumination manner of the display device 5 may be in various manners such as LED, OLED, or laser; the light splitting device 1 can be a light splitting prism, a polarizing prism or a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting lens and other light splitting modes.
In some embodiments, the projection objectives are sequentially arranged along the direction of light propagation: the device comprises a light splitting device 1, a relay lens group 2 and a light splitting component 3; the relay lens groups 2 are respectively arranged in order along the direction of light propagation: first positive lens 21, second positive lens 22, first negative lens 23, nano lens 24, third positive lens 25, second negative lens 26, first positive lens 21 is two faces and is aspheric convex lens, second positive lens 22 is two faces and is aspheric convex lens, first negative lens 23 is two faces and is concave lens, nano lens 24 is one face or two faces and is carved with the lens of concentric circles form grating structure from little to big, third positive lens 25 is two faces and is convex lens, second negative lens 26 is two concave lenses that the concave surface is aspheric concave lens.
The relay lens group adopts an aspheric surface to correct aberration and a nano lens to correct chromatic aberration of the system, so that the image quality under the condition of a large field of view is ensured, the nano lens 24 is used, the nano lens 24 serving as a diffractive optical element has the characteristic of unique negative dispersion, the nano lens 24 with a diffractive surface is introduced into the optical system, and the weight of the system can be greatly reduced by replacing a double-cemented lens for achromatization with the nano lens 24. In the relay lens group, the diffraction surface of the nano lens 24 is near the conjugate surface of the exit pupil, and the aperture of the lens in the optical path can be reduced by the conjugate mode, so that the aberration is reduced, and the aberration correction is facilitated.
In order to reduce the cost, the relay lens assembly 2 may include at least one plastic lens, and in order to ensure good imaging quality, other lenses are made of glass material.
Preferably, the shapes of the aspheric surfaces included in the first positive lens 21, the second positive lens 22, and the second negative lens 26 can be obtained by the following polynomials:
wherein Z represents a distance in the optical axis direction of a point on the aspherical surface from the aspherical surface vertex; r represents the distance of a point on the aspheric surface from the optical axis; c represents the center curvature of the aspherical surface; k represents the conicity; a4, a6, a8, and a10 represent aspheric high-order term coefficients.
In some embodiments, the light splitting assemblies 3 according to the embodiments of the present invention respectively include, in order along the light propagation direction: a beam splitting prism 31, a reflection lens 32, a positive lens 33 for collimating light; the light splitting surface of the light splitting prism 31 is a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting surface; the reflecting lens 32 is glued on the beam splitter prism 31; the convex surface of the reflecting plano-convex lens 32 is an aspheric surface, and the convex surface of the reflecting lens 32 is plated with a reflecting film which enables incident light rays to be reflected back to the beam splitting prism 31; a positive lens 33 for collimating light is cemented to the surface of the splitting prism 31 near the exit pupil.
After passing through the light splitting lens assembly 3, the light is collimated and exits through the exit pupil 4 to match with a subsequent nano waveguide lens. The use of the reflective lens 32 effectively reduces the projection height in the subsequent light path by using the reflective surface, thereby reducing the aperture of the lens and also being beneficial to reducing the aberration.
The exit pupil 4 is located 5mm behind the positive lens 33, the size of the exit pupil is 4mm, the exit pupil 4 is located outside the projection objective structure, and the matching of the subsequent nano waveguide lens and the utilization efficiency of the optical energy is effectively improved.
Fig. 4 to 6 show the aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the projection objective lens according to this embodiment. Fig. 4 to 6 are graphs of aberration values observed for a wavelength of 459nm, a wavelength of 525nm, and a wavelength of 618nm, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 4, the projection objective has a vertical chromatic aberration of less than 5 μm. In fig. 5, curves T and S are the radial field curvature (tangential) characteristic curve and the sagittal field curvature (sagittal) characteristic curve, respectively. It can be seen that the meridional field curvature and sagittal field curvature are controlled within (-0.25mm, 0.25mm), and the curve dis is a distortion characteristic curve, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the distortion is controlled within (-1%, 1%). It can be seen from fig. 6 that the full field optical transfer function MTF at 601p/mm spatial frequency is > 40%. It follows that the aberrations, curvature of field, distortions of the projection objective can be controlled (corrected) to a small extent.
Preferably, a nano waveguide lens is arranged at the exit pupil of the projection objective.
The invention also provides a three-dimensional display device comprising any one of the projection objective and an image information generating device.
Preferably, the image information generating device includes a DMD, LCD or LCOS display device, and an illumination light source.
The projection objective and the three-dimensional display device constructed by the projection objective, in particular to a large-view-field near-eye display device coupled with near-eye display, have the following characteristics:
1) the nano lens with the diffraction surface is added, and the common use of the refraction and diffraction mixing system and the reflector is utilized, so that the degree of freedom in the optical design process is increased, and the multiple limitations of the traditional optical system can be broken through, and the nano lens has incomparable advantages of the traditional optical system in the aspects of improving the imaging quality, reducing the volume and weight of the system, optimizing the gravity center position of the system, reducing the cost and the like. One piece of the nano lens waveguide lens can be added, and 2 pieces, 3 pieces or even more pieces can be added according to the requirement.
2) The use of the positive lens 33 is beneficial to reducing the aperture of the reflective lens 32 under the condition of a large field of view, so that the volume of the whole light path is reduced, and the light path collimation is realized by using the beam splitting prism group 3, namely, after passing through the positive lens 33, emergent light becomes collimated light, so that the collimation of the light path is realized.
3) The presence of the display device 5 in the beam splitting prism 31 generates an intermediate image of the image (located at the position indicated by reference numeral 6 in fig. 2), facilitating a reduction in the overall volume of the optical path in the case of a large field of view.
4) The exit pupil of the projection objective is arranged outside the projection objective, so that the projection objective can be conveniently matched with a follow-up nano waveguide lens, and the pupil expansion and the image quality optimization of the whole optical path are facilitated.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A projection objective comprising a beam splitter, a relay lens assembly, a beam splitting assembly, wherein the relay lens assembly comprises:
an aspheric lens group for correcting aberration by an aspheric surface and at least one nano lens which is provided with a diffraction surface;
or at least one nano lens with a diffraction surface arranged near the conjugate surface of the exit pupil of the projection objective;
the relay lens group is respectively arranged along the direction of light propagation in sequence: the lens comprises a first positive lens, a second positive lens, a first negative lens, a nanometer lens, a third positive lens and a second negative lens.
2. Projection objective according to claim 1, characterized in that the first positive lens is a convex lens with both sides being aspherical, the second positive lens is a convex lens with both sides being aspherical, the first negative lens is a lens with both sides being concave, the third positive lens is a lens with both sides being convex, and the second negative lens is a concave lens with both concave sides being aspherical.
3. The projection objective of claim 1, characterized in that the nanolens is a lens with a grating structure with concentric circles with radii from small to large engraved on one or both sides.
4. Projection objective according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the beam splitting assembly comprises a positive lens in the exit pupil direction.
5. Projection objective according to claim 4, characterized in that the positive lens of the beam splitter assembly in the exit pupil direction is a plano-convex lens.
6. Projection objective according to claim 4, characterized in that the exit pupil of the projection objective is located outside the positive lens for collimating light.
7. Projection objective according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the beam splitting assemblies respectively comprise, in order from the direction of propagation of the light: a beam splitter prism, a reflecting lens, and a positive lens for collimating light.
8. Projection objective according to claim 7, characterized in that the splitting surface of the splitting prism is a semi-reflecting and semi-transparent surface; the reflecting lens is glued on the beam splitting prism; the convex surface of the reflecting lens is plated with a reflecting film which enables incident light rays to be reflected back to the beam splitting prism; and a positive lens for collimating the light is glued on the surface of the beam splitter prism close to the exit pupil.
9. Projection objective according to claim 8, characterized in that the convex surface of the mirror lens is aspherical.
10. A three-dimensional display device, comprising a projection objective as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, and image information generating means.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106324833A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-11 | 吉林大学 | Method of designing projection-type helmet objective lens with ideal retina imaging as target |
| CN106646885B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-11 | 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司 | Projection objective and three-dimensional display device |
| CN110646940A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 上海意扬数码科技有限公司 | Folding optical system for motorcycle helmet |
| CN114967311B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-20 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Projection system and electronic equipment |
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