CN106613902A - Method of utilizing cabbage CMS and DH lines to selectively breed early-ripening new variety - Google Patents
Method of utilizing cabbage CMS and DH lines to selectively breed early-ripening new variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613902A CN106613902A CN201610893404.7A CN201610893404A CN106613902A CN 106613902 A CN106613902 A CN 106613902A CN 201610893404 A CN201610893404 A CN 201610893404A CN 106613902 A CN106613902 A CN 106613902A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of utilizing cabbage CMS and DH lines to selectively breed early-ripening new variety. The method includes following steps: selecting cabbage cytoplasm male sterile line DH08-GW100M3CMS as a female parent and DH line DH12-3-M2 as a male parent for hybridization to breed a DH08-GW100M3CMSxDH12-3-M2 combination which is named as a qin'gan 658 variety. Variety comparison experiments, variety area experiments and production demonstration of the variety in Yang Ling, Xi'an and Baoji Taibai which are major vegetable cultivation areas in Shanxi province show that the variety is remarkable in hybrid vigor, excellent in comprehensive economic character, resistant to head bursting, high in quality, disease-resistant, outstanding in yielding ability, high in adaptability and stable in yield increase advantage, and yield is increased by 10.2-14.3% when compared with that of a cabbage variety 8398.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Crop Genetics and Breeding section in agricultural science and technology, and in particular to a kind of to be selected using wild cabbage CMS and DH systems
The method for educating precocious new varieties.
Background technology
Wild cabbage is one of China's Main Vegetable Species Suitable For Culture, containing abundant nutriment and cancer-resisting substance, to promoting mankind's body
Body health plays an important role with uplifting the people's living standard.Spring wild cabbage almost occupies half area in China's wild cabbage cultivation,
It is the main pattern species of spring vegetables supply；Spring wild cabbage cultivar is mainly cultivated from early-maturing variety.Spring wild cabbage is precocious
The easy blastomere of kind seriously hampers the development of wild cabbage industry and fresh vegetable market supply phase, and the balling between cabbage plant is not
Uniformity, is easily caused the asynchronism that same field wild cabbage is harvested, and affects grown per area benefit；Analyze its reason mainly to lack
The breeding resources of resistance to blastomere and the gene height of Traditional Man inbreeding of more generation Breeding of Inbred Lines be not caused by homozygosity.Produce according to wild cabbage
Industry demand, the neat resistance to blastomere of spring wild cabbage is classified as the breeding objective of new varieties by national " 12 "；Wild cabbage elite hybrid
Regularity is the prerequisite for producing popularization and application, is also the high-quality standard of one cenospecies of measurement.So, we are according to state
The breeding objective of family's spring wild cabbage, using wild cabbage microspore culture and excellent DH systems field test target, formulates and selects
Objective trait excellent dihaploid (DH) system, by heterosis utilization approach the resistance to blastomere of combination seed selection and proterties height are prepared
Neat spring wild cabbage new varieties just become our Task targets.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art and defect, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of double using wild cabbage
The method of the resistance to blastomere precocity new varieties of monoploid DH systems seed selection, the sweet 1658 Jing kinds ratio of wild cabbage New Variety Qin that Jing the method is bred as
Relatively test, regional experiment of variety and production demonstration, significantly, integral economic trait is excellent, resistance to blastomere, quality for performance hybrid vigour
Project with disease resistance, volume increase advantage is stablized.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of using the preparation of wild cabbage dihaploid (DH) system
The method of resistance to blastomere precocity new varieties, specifically includes the following steps：
1) seed selection of maternal germplasm materials DH08-GW100M3CMS
Maternal DH08-GW100M3CMS cytoplasm male sterility lines are to utilize Ogura kytoplasm wild cabbages male sterile line for female parent
After material hybridizes with the excellent DH08-GW100M3 systems of wild cabbage, then Jing 5 generation backcross transformations are formed；
Maternal maintainer DH08-GW100M3 is by wild cabbage isolated microspore culture technique, using wild cabbage precocity cenospecies
The excellent Doubled haploid line of resistance to blastomere of the microspores culture initiative of " hope " is DH systems.
2) seed selection of male parent germplasm materials DH12-3-M2
Male parent DH12-3-M2 system is that " sweet 50 " of the Qin obtain DH12-3 through microspore-isolated culture by wild cabbage early-maturing variety
Strain, then the disease-resistant high-quality DH system DH12-3-M2 that the identification of Jing self propagateds is obtained.
3) cenospecies apolegamy
Apolegamy is miscellaneous for male parent with DH systems DH12-3-M2 as female parent with wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100M3CMS
Mating system is bred as DH08-GW100M3CMS × DH12-3-M2 combinations, is named as sweet 1658 kind of the Qin.
The sweet 1658 Jing variety tests of the Qin, regional experiment of variety and production demonstration, the kind is in Shaanxi Province's vegetables
Too white etc. the ground in cultivation area Yang Ling, Xi'an, Baoji carries out variety test and demonstration, and hybrid vigour is notable, integral economic trait
Excellent, resistance to blastomere, quality and disease resistance are projected, and volume increase advantage is stablized, than compareing the kind amount of increase in production 10.2% of wild cabbage 8398
～14.3%.
The sweet 1658 high antiviral disease of the Qin and black rot, resistance to blastomere, leaf-head commodity is good, and leaf-head outward appearance meets consumer's habit
It is used；Ball blade quality is tender and crisp, eats raw fragrant and sweet.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is maternal wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100M3CMS seed selection figures.
Fig. 2 is maternal wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100M3CMS proterties figures.
Fig. 3 is the seed selection figure of male parent DH system DH12-3-M2.
Fig. 4 is male parent DH system DH12-3-M2 proterties figures.
Fig. 5 is the sweet 1658 breed breeding figure of the wild cabbage first generation of hybrid Qin.
Fig. 6 is the sweet 1658 varietal character figure of the wild cabbage first generation of hybrid Qin.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment and concrete regional testing be given below by way of inventor is made into one to beneficial effects of the present invention
The detailed description of step.
Embodiment 1
1. material source
The seed selection of 1.1 maternal germplasm materials DH08-GW100M3CMS
Maternal DH08-GW100M3CMS cytoplasm male sterility lines are 2008 using wild cabbage Ogura cytoplasm male sterility lines
After the hybridization of maintainer DH08-GW100, Jing 5 generation backcross transformations are formed；Female parent system proterties is stablized, and sterility thoroughly, is bloomed just
Often, nectary is flourishing, staminody, and gynoecium is normal, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong, low temperature not yellow, without pollen grain, plant and flower under normal temperature
Device all goes well in addition to sterility；Maturity is precocious, and field planting is arrived and harvested 58 days；Leaf-head is round, newel 5.6cm, the degree of packing 0.65,
Siphonal lobe is yellowish green, and wax powder is medium, spring outdoor cropping viral diseases and black rot resistance, tipburn, resistance to blastomere, and winter habit is strong, and coordinate force is high.
Plant strain branchiness stronger, it is average to plant plant height 86.3cm, 38～40 days florescences.
Maternal maintainer DH08-GW100 is by wild cabbage isolated microspore culture technique, using wild cabbage precocity cenospecies
The DH systems of microspores culture initiative.
The breeding technique route map (Fig. 1) of maternal germplasm materials DH08-GW100M3CMS and its trait expression (Fig. 2).
The seed selection of 1.2 male parent germplasm materials DH12-3-M2
Male parent DH12-3-M2 is that " the Isolated microspore initiative of sweet 50 " of the Qin is formed, and is obtained within 2010 using wild cabbage early-maturing variety
DH12-3 strains are obtained, DH12-3-M2 systems is obtained within 2011.Jing Agronomic characteristic identifications in 2011～2012 years, were bred as in 2012
Proterties it is highly ordered, gene inheritance is stable, be the strong dihaploid self-mating system of a disease resistance；Maturity is precocious, and field planting is arrived
Harvest 52 days, leaf color yellow green, wax powder is few；Leaf-head is circular, newel 4.6cm, the leaf-head degree of packing 0.64；Viral diseases are simultaneous anti-black
Maize ear rot, tipburn, resistance to blastomere；Reproductive stage, plant branchiness is strong, average to plant plant height 100.8cm, 35 days or so florescence, flower
Device is normal, and pollen amount is big, and coordinate force is high, and Fig. 3 is the seed selection figure of male parent DH system DH12-3-M2, and Fig. 4 is male parent DH system DH12-3-
M2 proterties figures.
1.3 cenospecies are matched
Prepared using wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100M3CMS and DH system DH12-3-M2 hybridization and be bred as, name
For the Qin sweet 1658.
1.3.1 the feature of the Qin sweet 1658：
Sweet 1658 (DH08-GW100CMS × DH12-3-M2) of the Qin are spring wild cabbage precocity first generation of hybrid kind, and field planting is to results
58 days or so；Plant plant type half is upright, and outer leaf green, blade face smooths, and wax powder is few, and leaf-head is emerald green；Plant development degree 38.2～
39.1cm, the outer number of sheets 10～11, single ball weight 1.2kg or so, leaf-head is round, the leaf-head degree of packing 0.70, newel length
5.1cm, less than the high half of ball, side leaf compares 20.9%,.High antiviral disease, black rot and tipburn, resistance to blastomere, winter habit is strong, Fig. 5
For the sweet 1658 breed breeding figure of the wild cabbage first generation of hybrid Qin, Fig. 6 is the sweet 1658 varietal character figure of the wild cabbage first generation of hybrid Qin.
1.3.2 the variety and quality and resistance to blastomere of the Qin sweet 1658：
Leaf-head commodity is good, and leaf-head outward appearance meets consumer's custom；Ball blade quality is tender and crisp, eats fragrant and sweet, flavor quality raw
It is excellent.
Its Major Nutrient analysis of components：Crude fibre 1.95%, Vc 50.99mg/100g, soluble sugar 2.55%, dry
5.70%.
Leaf-head physiological maturity evening receives 5 celestial sphere indexes and is less than 3 grades, and blastomere rate is less than 5%, resistance to blastomere Da Gaonai levels.
1.3.3 suitable area and yield level
Sweet 1658 kind of the Qin be the spring wild cabbage early-maturing variety of resistance to blastomere, maturity morning, strong stress resistance, the suitable the northern area of China spring
Season cultivates, yield level 3739.3kg/667m2。
1.3.4 cultural technigue
1) seeding and seedling raising:The Northwest's spring outdoor cropping, can be in mid or late December cold bed seeding and seedling raising or January early and middle ten dayses
Greenhouse seeding and seedling raising, is colonized during field planting with band Tu Tuo during 6～7 true leaves of seedling state.
2) it is colonized：Outdoor cropping is after early spring, soil thawed completely, and temperature is constant more than 10 DEG C, and young plant has 6～7 very
It is colonized during leaf.Temperature is relatively low when spring young plant is colonized, and suitably plants seedling using seat water, favorably improves ground temperature.It is high using flat furrow or half
Bedding cultivation, seedling/667 ㎡ of density 4000～4500；Otherwise cultivate overstocked or excessively dilute, can all cause yield reduction or balling not tight
It is real.
3) field management：
1. pour water：Pour water once after field planting slow seedling, now temperature and ground temperature are relatively low, irrigation quantity is unsuitable excessive.Subsequently
Controlled irrigation or because soil overdrying little can be poured water once, until restraining the growth of seedlings is to the balling initial stage.After core, temperature is raised, and needs to increase
Irrigation quantity, increases frequency of irrigation；Meet personally it is dry see wet, that is, just should pour water when meeting personally dry.Growth period pours water altogether 4～5 times,
Suitable control moisture is wanted before harvesting, blastomere is prevented, yield and product quality is affected.
2. apply fertilizer：Topdress 3～4 times.Early stage topdress based on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the later stage is based on nitrogenous fertilizer.Heavy dressing base manure, mu is applied
Fertilizer 5000kg, composite fertilizer 50kg；Intertillage in 10 days or so after field planting is topdressed once, and mu imposes l5 kilogram of urea, there is provided lotus throne
The adequate nutrients of leaf growth.Into the lotus throne initial stage, spread manuer in holes and topdress, improve fertilising concentration, mu imposes 20 kilograms of urea and phosphate fertilizer 10
Kilogram.The lotus throne middle and later periods is emphasis fertilizer application period, and in the ranks trench digging topdresses or spreads manuer in holes and topdresses, and mu imposes 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer, after envelope ditch
Pour water.Respectively mu imposes 15 kilograms of urea for balling initial stage and mid-term.
3. insect pest preventing and controlling：Spring cultivation pest and disease damage is less, occurs mainly in Later growth.Using biological agent and low residual hazard
The insects such as pesticide control cabbage caterpillar, aphid and diamond-back moth；It is possible with yellow card's trap aphid simultaneously.
4) harvest：Leaf-head is fully loose, core consolidation, should harvest in time, prevents blastomere.
Test example 1
Combination selection:2012, according to hybrid parentses matching principle in wild cabbage breeding, start to select with DH08-GW100CMS
Be female parent Deng 8 cytoplasm male sterility lines, select with DH12-3-M2 interior economic characters are excellent, coordinate force is high and winter habit is strong,
Resistance to blastomere, the strong totally 9 DH systems of disease resistance or self-mating system are male parent, and hybridization combo is researched and analysed to coordinate force, Jing 2013
In too white etc. the ground test in Yang Ling, Xi'an, Baoji, as a result show DH08-GW100CMS × DH12-3-M2 combination performances within～2014 years
Significantly, integral economic trait is excellent for hybrid vigour, and resistance to blastomere, quality, disease resistance and yielding ability are projected, and meet breeding of new varieties
Target, to harvesting 56～58 days, best in quality, the food value of leaf is crisp sweet, and commodity is good for field planting, and leaf-head is circular, and balling rate is resistance to up to 100%
Low temperature, single ball weight 1.2kg or so, quality disease resistance and yield are better than check variety " 8398 (tables 1).
Table 1：The sweet 1658 main target COMPARISON OF CHARACTERS result of the wild cabbage Qin
2. the first generation of hybrid " sweet 1658 " the varieties distribution point of the Qin
2.1 is best in quality, leaf-head is emerald green.
Jing 2013-2015 product are than investigation and analysis and Agricultural Products in Shaanxi quality monitoring testing station test analysis, and the Qin is sweet
1658 kinds with compare 8398 variety protections, best in quality, ball leaf is emerald green, and the food value of leaf is crisp sweet, newel length 5.1cm, and it is right to be shorter than
According to 0.8cm；The leaf-head degree of packing 0.7, more than control 0.11；Side leaf compares 20.9%, less than control 3.4%.Nutrition Quality Analysis, do
Material, soluble sugar, crude fibre and crude protein are above the control, (table of respectively 1.1%, 0.47%, 0.27% and 0.25%
2)。
Table 2:The sweet 1265 kind objective trait quality qualification result of the Qin
2.2 high and stable yields, yielding ability is strong.
Sweet 1658 kind of the Qin is demonstrated with 8398 variety protections, Jing variety tests, regional testing and production is compareed, continuously
Yielding ability is projected within 5 years, the sweet 1658 average product 3739.3kg/667m of the Qin2, than compareing 8398 kinds volume increase 10.6%.
(1) variety comparative test：2013～2015 years continuous 3 years variety tests, as a result show as：The 3 years Qin sweet 1658
Kind per mu yield is 3688.1kg/667m2, the per mu yield of check variety 8398 is 3296.8kg/667m2, the Qin sweet 1658
Than control volume increase 11.8%.(table 1)
(2) regional testing：Regional testing result performance inside the province in continuous 2 years 2015～2016 years, sweet 1658 kind of the Liang Nian Qin
Per mu yield 3739.3kg/667m2, the per mu yield of check variety 8398 is 3381.7kg/667m2, the Qin sweet 1658 is than control
Volume increase 10.6%.Sweet 1658 strain's area experiment of the Qin in 2015, in Hanzhong, point is more maximum than control amount of increase in production, volume increase 14.7%, too
White point is more minimum than control amount of increase in production, volume increase 7.6%；Sweet 1658 strain's area experiment of the Qin in 2016, in Yang Lingdian than control volume increase width
Degree is maximum, volume increase 13.8%, and in Hu County, point is more minimum than control amount of increase in production, volume increase 6.5%.(table 3)
Table 3：The sweet 1658 regional experiment of variety yield result of the Qin
(3) production demonstration：2015～2016 years continuous biennial product demonstration yield results, sweet 1658 average yield per mu of the Qin
3543.2kg/667m2, the per mu yield of check variety 8398 is 3295.6kg/667m2, the Qin sweet 1658 is than control volume increase
10.9%.(table 4)
The sweet 1658 variety production demonstration yield result of the Qin of table 4
2.3 resistance to blastomeres, high disease resistance, strong stress resistance.
Jing many years of field identifies that evening receives 5 days blastomere indexes and is less than 3 grades, and blastomere rate is less than 5%, resistance to blastomere；Winter habit is strong, not
The underdone bolting phenomenon of generation；Jing field resistances are identified.High antiviral disease, black rot and tipburn.(table 5)
Table 5:The sweet 1658 kind objective trait disease resistance of the Qin Gan Qin and resistance qualification result
2.4 tree characteristics neat and consistents.
Sweet 1658 kind of the Qin is to replace the first generation of hybrid that self-mating system makes as parents precocious by the use of wild cabbage DH systems earliest
Spring head cabbage varieties, the high consistency of its DH systems genotype makes " plant forms in sweet 1658 " the kind field of the Qin, leaf color and balling
Sex expression is highly ordered.
3. conclusion
Sweet 1658 (DH08-GW100CMS × DH12-3-M2) of the Qin are spring wild cabbage precocity first generation of hybrid kind, and field planting is to results
58 days or so；Prepared using wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100CMS and DH system DH12-3-M2 hybridization and be bred as, parents
Dihaploid self-mating system (DH systems) is, first generation of hybrid variable rate technology regularity is high, plant plant type half is upright, outer leaf green, leaf
Face smooths, and wax powder is few, and leaf-head is emerald green；Plant development 38.2～39.1cm of degree, the outer number of sheets 10～11, single ball weight 1.2kg is left
The right side, leaf-head is round, the leaf-head degree of packing 0.70, newel length 5.1cm, high less than ball by 1/2, and side leaf compares 20.9%.High antiviral
Disease, black rot and tipburn, resistance to blastomere, winter habit is strong.Leaf-head is justified just, and commodity is good, and leaf-head outward appearance meets consumer's custom；Ball leaf
Quality is crisp sweet, and flavor quality is excellent.Kind stable high yield, average product 3739.3kg/667m2, than compareing the volume increase of 8398 kinds
14.3%；It is the spring wild cabbage High quality and diseases resistance of a resistance to blastomere high-yield variety.
Genetic resources DH08-GW100M3CMS, Ogura, DH08-GW100M3, the DH12-3-M2 being related in the present invention
Both from College of Horticulture of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ＆ Forest Science ＆ Technology seed bank.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of seed selection of utilization wild cabbage CMS and DH systems precocity new varieties method, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps：
1) seed selection of maternal germplasm materials DH08-GW100M3CMS
Maternal DH08-GW100M3CMS cytoplasm male sterility lines are to utilize Ogura kytoplasm wild cabbages male sterile line to be female parent material
After DH08-GW100M3 systems hybridization excellent with wild cabbage, then Jing 5 generation backcross transformations are formed；
Maternal maintainer DH08-GW100M3 is, by wild cabbage isolated microspore culture technique, " to be wished using wild cabbage precocity cenospecies
The excellent Doubled haploid line of resistance to blastomere of the microspores culture initiative of prestige " is DH systems.
2) seed selection of male parent germplasm materials DH12-3-M2
Male parent DH12-3-M2 system be by wild cabbage early-maturing variety " sweet 50 " of the Qin, through microspore-isolated culture obtain DH12-3 strains, then
The disease-resistant high-quality DH system DH12-3-M2 that the identification of Jing self propagateds is obtained.
3) cenospecies apolegamy
Apolegamy is matched somebody with somebody with DH systems DH12-3-M2 by female parent of wild cabbage cytoplasm male sterility line DH08-GW100M3CMS for paternal hybrid
System is bred as DH08-GW100M3CMS × DH12-3-M2 combinations, is named as sweet 1658 kind of the Qin.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109601373A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spring wild cabbage resists the selection of underdone bolting early-maturing variety |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104137769A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2014-11-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for selectively breeding new high-quality disease-resistant variety of cabbage through DH lines |
| CN104429919A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省油菜研究所 | Method for creating novel recovery system of brassica napus type rape heterogenic leaves |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104137769A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2014-11-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for selectively breeding new high-quality disease-resistant variety of cabbage through DH lines |
| CN104429919A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省油菜研究所 | Method for creating novel recovery system of brassica napus type rape heterogenic leaves |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109601373A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of spring wild cabbage resists the selection of underdone bolting early-maturing variety |
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