CN106552713B - A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method - Google Patents

A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106552713B
CN106552713B CN201510836611.4A CN201510836611A CN106552713B CN 106552713 B CN106552713 B CN 106552713B CN 201510836611 A CN201510836611 A CN 201510836611A CN 106552713 B CN106552713 B CN 106552713B
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dust
shell
gas
extraction unit
electrode
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CN106552713A (en
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韩昌报
王中林
蒋涛
张弛
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Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
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Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
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Priority to CN201510836611.4A priority Critical patent/CN106552713B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/100529 priority patent/WO2017088584A1/en
Publication of CN106552713A publication Critical patent/CN106552713A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/28Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40Electrode constructions

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of friction electrical dust collector device and dust removal methods, dust-extraction unit includes several media units and accommodates the shell of the media units, wherein, it is provided with electrode on the shell, the media units and the electrode collide with each other to form electrostatic field, gas by when the dust-extraction unit since Electrostatic Absorption and physical absorption are cleaned.Dust-extraction unit provided by the invention can carry out efficient, fast filtering to the micron in gas, secondary micron, the other particulate matter of nano-scale.It can be used for air purification or industrial dust gas-solid separating device and its system, can be used alone, can also be used with other duster parallels, realize the qualified discharge of industrial process dust.

Description

A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method
Technical field
The present invention relates to air purification fields, and in particular, to a kind of dust-extraction unit of application friction electric field and dedusting side Method.
Background technology
Currently, a large amount of dust substance is generated in various industrial process, such as in factory floor, burning waste gas;In life, Haze etc. caused by the discharges such as a large amount of tail gas, mineral oil combustion.These particulate matters suspend in air, are good for the mankind Health, life and production cause serious influence.
Currently, industrial dedusting method mainly has electrostatic precipitation, Bed Filtration dedusting, worry bag dedusting etc..But it various removes Dust collecting method has a series of problem, as electrostatic dust collection equipment is complicated and expensive, granular bed filters back pressure is larger, considers bag Deashing trouble etc. when dedusting.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of friction electrical dust collector devices, can be to micron, secondary micron, the nanometer etc. in gas The particulate matter of rank carries out efficient, fast filtering, solves the problems, such as the absorption and filtering of particulate in air.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of friction electrical dust collector device, including several cleaner units and receiving The shell of the collision particle, wherein
The cleaner unit includes media units, and the outer surface of the media units is dielectric material;
Electrode is provided on the shell, the media units collide with each other to form electrostatic field with the electrode, and gas is logical The dust-extraction unit is crossed to be cleaned.
Preferably, in the cleaner unit further include several conductive units, the outer surface of the conductive unit is conduction material Material.
Preferably, the quantitative proportion ranging from 0 of the conductive unit and the media units:1—1:1.
Preferably, the media units and/or conductive unit are hollow either solid spherical shape, elliposoidal or multi-panel Body, particle size range are 0.5mm -10mm.
Preferably, the material on the media units surface is insulator.
Preferably, the electronegativity of the media units surfacing is higher than the electronegativity of electrode material or less than electrode material The electronegativity of material.
Preferably, the electrode of multiple mutual insulatings is provided on the shell.
Preferably, the electrode is the pellet electrode of strip, rectangular, round, triangle and/or polygon.
Preferably, multiple electrodes form electrod-array, and the spacing between adjacent electrode is 0.1mm-1cm.
Preferably, the shell is tabular or flat box-like, the up-down vibration of the shell make the cleaner unit with The electrode collides with each other to form electrostatic field.
Preferably, the shell is tubular structure shell, including air inlet, gas outlet, and the shell, which encloses, to rotate around the axis When, the media units collide with each other to form electrostatic field with the electrode.
Preferably, the shell is the tubular of axially symmetric structure, and the shaft is the symmetry axis of shell, and the shaft is horizontal Setting.
Preferably, the air inlet and gas outlet are separately positioned at the shaft at the shell both ends.
Preferably, in the shell rotation process, the packed height of the cleaner unit is consistently higher than the air inlet The gas outlet and.
Preferably, further include gas-guide tube, the gas-guide tube is inserted into the shell from the air inlet or gas outlet, described to lead Multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of tracheae.
Preferably, further include two gas-guide tubes, described two gas-guide tubes are respectively from the air inlet and gas outlet insertion institute Shell is stated, multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of the gas-guide tube;
Length of the gas-guide tube in the shell is less than the half of the outer cover length.
Preferably, the distance between two described air guide tube ends are more than or equal to the cleaner unit on the gas-guide tube The packed height of side.
Preferably, the gas-guide tube is arranged along the rotor shaft direction, and in shell rotation process, the gas-guide tube floods In cleaner unit.
Preferably, the shell uses insulating materials.
Preferably, the surface of the electrode, media units and/or conductive unit is the surface being roughened.
The present invention also provides a kind of dust pelletizing systems, including multiple above-mentioned dust-extraction units, the gas to pass sequentially through multiple The dust-extraction unit, alternatively, the gas is divided into multiple branches simultaneously by multiple dust-extraction units.
Correspondingly, a kind of friction electro dust removing method, using dust-extraction unit described in any one of the above embodiments, the media units and The electrode collides with each other to form electrostatic field, and gas is cleaned by the dust-extraction unit.
Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
Friction electrical dust collector device provided by the invention uses media units in cleaner unit to collide with each other with electrode, by rubbing It wipes and generates high-pressure electrostatic, (such as inertia, collision, interception, gravity are heavy in the effect of the physical filtering of electrostatic adsorption and cleaner unit The mechanism such as drop) under realize effective filtering to particulate matter in gas.Can in the gas by electric field micron, secondary micron, The other particulate matter of nano-scale carries out efficient, fast filtering.Multiple dust-extraction units are subjected to connection in series-parallel, dedusting system can be formed System improves efficiency of dust collection.It can be used for industrial dust gas-solid separating device and its system, can be used alone, it can also be with it He uses duster parallels, realizes the qualified discharge of industrial process dust.Air purification is can be used for, the mesh of haze is mitigated 's.
Dust-extraction unit provided by the invention has material that is simple in structure, using pollution-free cheap and easy to get, at low cost, applicable The features such as range is wide.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is to be used to provide further understanding of the present invention, an and part for constitution instruction, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in the friction electrical dust collector device section of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be the present invention friction electrical dust collector device in electrostatic field distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 be the present invention friction electrical dust collector device in shell be cylinder-like structure structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of gas-guide tube in dust-extraction unit shown in Fig. 3.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific implementation mode stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower " refers to the side in diagram To;"inner" refers to towards inside corresponding construction, and "outside" refers to towards outside corresponding construction.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in friction electrical dust collector device section provided by the invention, including several media units 8 and appearance It receives the shells 6 of media units 8, electrode 7 is provided on shell 6, when media units 8 and electrode 7 collide with each other to form electrostatic field, Gas when the electrostatic field by being cleaned.Several conductive units 9 can also be added in media units, cleaner unit can be made Between positive and negative field distribution it is more uniform, improve filter efficiency.The outer surface of media units is dielectric material;Conductive unit Outer surface be conductive material.
Media units 8, conductive unit 9 in shell are referred to as cleaner unit, it can also be added in other embodiments His particulate matter or filler.It collides with each other between cleaner unit or media units 8 collides with each other with conductive unit 9, electrode 7, Charge is formed on surface.
The surface of media units 8 is contacted with electrode 7 (or conductive unit 9) generates surface charge, therefore it may only be necessary to meet Jie The surfacing of matter unit 8 has the condition of different electronegativity from the material of electrode 7 (or conductive unit 9).Media units 8 The material on surface can be insulator, and the electronegativity of media units surfacing is higher than the electronegativity of electrode material or less than electricity The electronegativity of pole material.The material of high electronegativity can be macromolecule (polymer) such as PTFE, PVDF, the material of low electronegativity Such as quartz, glass, silicate material.
Common conductive material may be incorporated for making electrode or conductive unit, it is preferred to use metal or alloy material Material, including the arbitrary proportion alloy of one of aluminium, copper, Jin Heyin or more persons.
By taking the material on 8 surface of media units has high electronegativity as an example, illustrate the operation principle of dust-extraction unit.
In the dust-extraction unit of Fig. 1, shell 6 is cylindrical shape, when being rotated around horizontally disposed shaft 4, due to gravity, Media units 8 and electrode 7 (or conductive unit 9) mutually collision, friction, make 8 surface of media units generate a large amount of negative electrical charge, A large amount of positive charges are left on 9 surface of conductive unit and electrode 7, referring to Fig. 2.Therefore, between media units 8 and electrode 7, medium Very high electric field is formed between unit 8 and conductive unit 9.
Dust particles in gas usually carry certain charge in forming process, thus total particle all shows one Fixed charging property.After these charged particles enter dust-extraction unit, due between media units 8 and electrode 7, media units Very high electric field is formed between 8 and conductive unit 9, therefore, electric field action lower band positive particles by by wall electrode 7 and lead Electric unit 9 adsorbs;Electronegative particle is adsorbed by media units 8.
In addition, when the air-flow containing dust or particulate matter passes through device, there is also physical adsorption process, the dust in gas Particle and media units 8, conductive unit 9 mutually collision, scattering, form physical absorption.Physical absorption mechanism include inertial collision, Interception, Blang's diffusion, gravitational settling etc..
Therefore, when the gas with dust passes through dust-extraction unit, can by Electrostatic Absorption and physical adsorption process by except Dirt device purifies.
Multiple pellet electrodes 7 can be set on shell 6, and mutual insulating between multiple electrodes 7 can be with scattering device outside On shell 6, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3.Electrode 7 can be strip, rectangular, round, triangle and/or polygon pellet electrode. Multiple electrodes 7 can form electrod-array, and the spacing between adjacent electrode can be 0.1mm-1cm.It can be formed in a device The electric field of more uniform stabilization.
In dust-extraction unit shown in Fig. 3, in 6 rotation process of shell, preferably cleaner unit packed height is consistently higher than Air inlet 3 and gas outlet 10 make gas must be by the cleaner unit in shell, and the dust in gas can be by cleaner unit table It adsorbs in face.
The structure of shell 6 is not limited to above-mentioned cylinder-like structure, or other tubular structure shells, such as Fig. 1, shell Including air inlet 3, gas outlet 10, shell 6 encloses when rotating around the axis, and media units 8 (or are led with the electrode 7 on outer casing inner wall Electric unit 9) it collides with each other to form electrostatic field.Gas with dust enters shell from air inlet 3, is inhaled by the physics of electrostatic field Attached or Electrostatic Absorption dust is removed, and cleaned gas flows out dust-extraction unit from gas outlet 10.Shell 6 can be axial symmetry The tubular of structure, shaft 4 are the symmetry axis of shell 6.The shaft is preferably horizontal rotating shaft.The section of tubular structure shell can be with For circular ring shape, oval ring or polygon.Shell 6 is connect with shaft 4 by sealing bearing, realizes that shell turns around shaft It is dynamic.Preferably, air inlet and gas outlet are separately positioned at the shaft at the shell both ends, as shown in Figure 3.
Dust-extraction unit can also include gas-guide tube 5, and such as Fig. 4, gas-guide tube 5 is inserted into shell 6 from air inlet 3, can be in shell 6 Multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of interior gas-guide tube 5, easier enter shell 6 for gas, the diameter of through-hole, which is less than, to be situated between The size of matter unit and conductive unit.In other embodiments, above-mentioned gas-guide tube can also be inserted into gas outlet 10, preferably To be respectively provided with above-mentioned gas-guide tube in air inlet 3 and gas outlet 10.
In other embodiments, can also include two gas-guide tubes, two gas-guide tubes are respectively from air inlet 3 and gas outlet 10 It is inserted into shell 6, multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of gas-guide tube;Length of the gas-guide tube in shell 6 is less than 6 length of shell Half.
In an embodiment of the present invention, gas-guide tube can be arranged along the rotor shaft direction.It is preferred that gas-guide tube is buried in In cleaner unit, make the dustproof function that cleaner unit is had to pass through in gas flow.
In use, the extension of air inlet and gas outlet as shaft, is arranged on the bearing 2 on holder 1, same to shell Or entire dust-extraction unit rotates together with;Alternatively, air inlet is static with gas outlet, by sealing bearing 4 and cage connection, ensure into Relative rotation between gas port, gas outlet and shell.
Preferably, the distance between the gas-guide tube being inserted into from air inlet 3 and the air guide tube end being inserted into from gas outlet 10 are big In the packed height equal to cleaner unit above gas-guide tube.The packed height of cleaner unit refers in the present invention in vertical side Upward cleaner unit accumulates the spatial altitude occupied.
Shell can also be tabular or flat box-like, and the up-down vibration of shell makes on the media units and the shell Electrode collide with each other to form electrostatic field, in gas by removing dust therein when the electrostatic field, realize the purpose of dedusting.
The shape of media units 8 and conductive unit 9 can be spherical, elliposoidal either polyhedron can be it is hollow or Full particle.Media units 8 (or conductive unit 9) can generally homogeneous material, or superficial layer coats the core of kernel Shell structure, for example, the nucleocapsid ball of the superficial layer coated ceramic material kernel of insulating materials is as media units.
The particle size range of media units 8 and conductive unit 9 is 0.5mm -10mm.Media units 8 and conductive unit 9 it is straight Diameter can unanimously can not also be consistent, can be mutually mixed by different-diameter.The quantitative proportion of conductive unit 9 and media units 8 It can be 0:1—1:Between 1.
In order to increase the collision of media units 8 and electrode 7, cleaner unit (including media units 8 and conductive unit 9) is outside Filling in shell 6 need not expire very much, and especially for cylindrical case, in 6 rotation process of shell, the filling range of cleaner unit begins It is higher than gas-guide tube 5 eventually, exactly gas-guide tube 5 is submerged in cleaner unit.
It must be hard material not limit 8 surface of media units and electrode 7 in the dust-extraction unit of the present invention, can also be selected The hardness of flexible material, material has no effect on contact friction effect between the two.
The material of shell 6 can be all insulation, preferably high mechanical strength such as high molecular material, bakelite, the ceramics of insulation Insulating materials.
The surface of electrode 7, media units 8 and/or technology particle 9 can be carried out the surface of roughening treatment, such as Surface carries out nano patterning processing, to increase surface area, to improve the physical absorption of dust-extraction unit and the effect of Electrostatic Absorption Rate.
May include multiple above-mentioned dust-extraction units, by multiple dedustings correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of dust pelletizing system Device is in series or in parallel, and gas passes sequentially through multiple dust-extraction units (multiple dust-extraction unit series connection), alternatively, the gas It is divided into multiple branches simultaneously by multiple dust-extraction units (multiple dust-extraction units are in parallel).
Dust-extraction unit provided by the invention can carry out the micron in gas, secondary micron, the other particulate matter of nano-scale Efficiently, fast filtering.It can be used for industrial dust gas-solid separating device and its system, can be used alone, it can also be with other Duster parallels use, and realize the qualified discharge of industrial process dust.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in association with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities The detail in mode is applied, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical scheme of the present invention Monotropic type, these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.For example, the variation of the shape, material and size of each component.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case of shield, it can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.In addition, arbitrary group can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the present invention It closes, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. a kind of friction electrical dust collector device, which is characterized in that the shell including several cleaner units and the receiving cleaner unit, Wherein,
The cleaner unit includes media units and several conductive units, and the outer surface of the media units is dielectric material, The outer surface of the conductive unit is conductive material;
Electrode is provided on the shell, the media units collide with each other to form electrostatic field with the electrode, and gas passes through institute Dust-extraction unit is stated to be cleaned.
2. dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the conductive unit and the media units Proportional region is 0:1—1:1.
3. dust-extraction unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the media units and/or conductive unit are hollow Either solid spherical shape, elliposoidal or polyhedron, particle size range are 0.5mm -10mm.
4. dust-extraction unit according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the material on the media units surface For insulator.
5. dust-extraction unit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the electronegativity of the media units surfacing is higher than The electronegativity of electrode material or electronegativity less than electrode material.
6. dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with the institute of multiple mutual insulatings on the shell State electrode.
7. dust-extraction unit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the electrode is round and/or polygon sheet Electrode.
8. the dust-extraction unit described according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that multiple electrodes form electrod-array, adjacent Spacing between electrode is 0.1mm-1cm.
9. dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell is tabular or flat box-like, described The up-down vibration of shell makes the cleaner unit collide with each other to form electrostatic field with the electrode.
10. dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell is tubular structure shell, including air inlet Mouthful, gas outlet, the shell encloses when rotating around the axis, and the media units collide with each other to form electrostatic field with the electrode.
11. dust-extraction unit according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the shell is the tubular of axially symmetric structure, institute The symmetry axis that shaft is shell is stated, the shaft is horizontally disposed.
12. dust-extraction unit according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the air inlet and gas outlet are separately positioned on institute At the shaft for stating shell both ends.
13. dust-extraction unit according to claim 10, which is characterized in that in the shell rotation process, the dust suction The packed height of unit is consistently higher than the air inlet and gas outlet.
14. according to the dust-extraction unit described in claim any one of 10-13, which is characterized in that further include gas-guide tube, it is described to lead Tracheae is inserted into the shell from the air inlet or gas outlet, and multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of the gas-guide tube.
15. according to the dust-extraction unit described in claim any one of 10-13, which is characterized in that
Further include two gas-guide tubes, described two gas-guide tubes are inserted into the shell from the air inlet and gas outlet respectively, described Multiple through-holes are provided on the tube wall of gas-guide tube;
Length of the gas-guide tube in the shell is less than the half of the outer cover length.
16. dust-extraction unit according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the distance between two described air guide tube ends are big In the packed height equal to the cleaner unit above the gas-guide tube.
17. dust-extraction unit according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the gas-guide tube is set along the rotor shaft direction It sets, in shell rotation process, the gas-guide tube is submerged in cleaner unit.
18. dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell uses insulating materials.
19. dust-extraction unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the electrode, media units and/or conductive unit Surface be the surface being roughened.
20. a kind of dust pelletizing system, which is characterized in that including the dust-extraction unit described in any one of multiple claim 1-19, institute It states gas and passes sequentially through multiple dust-extraction units, alternatively, the gas is divided into multiple branches simultaneously by multiple dedustings Device.
21. a kind of friction electro dust removing method, which is characterized in that the dust-extraction unit described in any one of claim 1-19 is used, The media units and the electrode collide with each other to form electrostatic field, and gas is cleaned by the dust-extraction unit.
CN201510836611.4A 2015-11-26 2015-11-26 A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method Active CN106552713B (en)

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CN201510836611.4A CN106552713B (en) 2015-11-26 2015-11-26 A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method
PCT/CN2016/100529 WO2017088584A1 (en) 2015-11-26 2016-09-28 Triboelectric dust removal device, dust removal system, and dust removal method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510836611.4A CN106552713B (en) 2015-11-26 2015-11-26 A kind of friction electrical dust collector device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method

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