CN106478296B - A kind of composite modifying agent and its application for gleyed soil - Google Patents
A kind of composite modifying agent and its application for gleyed soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN106478296B CN106478296B CN201610901379.2A CN201610901379A CN106478296B CN 106478296 B CN106478296 B CN 106478296B CN 201610901379 A CN201610901379 A CN 201610901379A CN 106478296 B CN106478296 B CN 106478296B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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Abstract
The present invention relates to soil improvement fields, and in particular to a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the component including following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of quick lime；20-30 parts of flyash；50-60 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；10-15 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity.The present invention also provides a kind of application method of above-mentioned composite modifying agent in improvement gleyed soil.Composite modifying agent of the invention is applied to gleying rice field, improves the physicochemical property of soil, increases soil porosity, it improves soil and leads to gas permeability, the soil weight is reduced, soil aggregate structure is improved, alleviates soil acidification degree, improve soil redox potential, soil reduction process substance total amount is reduced, soil toxicity is alleviated, increases readily available nutrient of soil content, promote 10% or more increasing production of rice, improved effect highly significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement fields, and in particular to a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil and its answers
With.
Background technique
Gleying rice soil is to develop the reproducibility rice soil of formation under long-term flooding condition to make due to long-term waterflooding
It is destroyed at soil aggregate structure, soil permeability can deteriorate, and rhizospheric environment is in anaerobic condition more, and reproducibility noxious material is a large amount of
Accumulation.This class soil productivity is low, is one of main low yield rice great soil group in China.Water is cultivated on gleying paddy soil
Rice, will lead to that root system development is bad, slow growth, seriously affect rice yield.Studies have shown that the water in strong gleying rice field
Rice yield is only that the half in non-gleying rice field or so is even lower.Gleying rice field area in China's is up to 4.0 × 106hm2More than,
Wherein based on primary gleying, Plain massif irrigates network based on secondary gleyization in loke shore region along the river, and large area is dived
Educating rice field seriously affects national food security.The improved route for inquiring into gleying paddy soil, gives full play to its yield potential,
For greatly developing grain-production, ensureing that national food security is of great significance.
Improving technology research in relation to gleying paddy soil is the scientific research task that Minister Agriculture of China's emphasis is supported.It is right at present
The improvement of Gleyic paddysoil is mainly based on hydraulic engineering measure and tillage control measure.Hydraulic engineering measure mainly includes excavating draining
Ditch, embedded underdrain, hidden pipe etc., by excluding field ponding, lowering of watertable, to gradually mitigate the gleying of paddy soil
Degree；Tillage control measure is mainly by being altered or modified tillage control measure, such as rice field-upland field rotation, winter ploughing are suned the earth which has been ploughed up measure, and incobation is changed
Change the moisture supply situation in rice field, improves soil texture, increase the logical gas permeability of soil, reduce reducing substances accumulation, to subtract
The toxic action in light gleying rice field.The common deficiency of above method is: time-consuming, labour-consuming, higher cost, and by the week of field
Surrounding environment is affected, and enforcement difficulty is big.Also there are some scholars to attempt to be improved using soil conditioner at present, for example utilizes
The inorganic material such as lime, Desulphurization, biological carbon, flyash, calper calcium peroxide cut down reducing substances, lower soil gleying journey
Degree；Or improve soil nutrient supply situation and soil physics structure using the organic materials such as stalk, oil cake, rice bran, improve incobation
Change rice field.But it is improved with homogenous material or one, two kind of material mating, improved effect is unobvious.Chinese patent
Document CN105493677 discloses a kind of modification method in gleying rice field, first disperses gleying for rice field stalk stack retting object
Rice field, then Nutrient Activation agent, acidity conditioner and inorganic fertilizer mixture are spread fertilizer over the fields, to achieve the purpose that improve gleying rice field,
But the above method is merely capable of reducing the total amount of soil reduction process substance and improves the pH value in gleying rice field, but for changing
Physicochemical property, improvement soil aggregate structure, the permeability aspect effect of raising soil of good soil be not significant.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that overcoming in the modification method of existing gleying rice field for soil group
The defect of the improved effects difference such as dimeric structure and soil permeability, so that providing a kind of effect is preferably used for gleyed soil
Composite modifying agent.
The invention solves another technical problem be to provide a kind of above-mentioned composite modifying agent in improvement gleying
Application method in soil.
For this purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the component including following parts by weight:
5-10 parts of quick lime, be white powder for the quick lime directly bought from agricultural lime shop；
20-30 parts of flyash, the waste residue or other approach burning raw coal generated after raw coal power generation is utilized for thermal power plant
The waste residue generated afterwards；
50-60 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；
10-15 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four kinds of components are uniformly mixed, and composite modifying agent is made.
In the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 600-700:300-350:5-10, then addition is mixed
The fermenting agent of object total weight 0.5% is closed, then adjusting moisture content is 50%-60%, fermentation is banked up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days
Once, decomposed after 15-20 days, it dries rear spare.
In the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the preparation method of the rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity
It is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 750-850:200-250, it is total then to add mixture
The fermenting agent of weight 0.5%, then adjusting moisture content is 50%-60%, banks up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days,
It is decomposed after 15-20 days, it dries rear spare.
In the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the fermenting agent is specially organic matter decomposing inoculant,
For Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd's production.
In the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the pH value of the flyash is 9-10.
Another technical solution that the present invention uses are as follows:
Application of any of the above-described composite modifying agent in improvement gleyed soil.
The composite modifying agent fills shoaling layer, by institute in the application in improvement gleyed soil before Soil tillage
It states composite modifying agent uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then ploughs rake uniformly, plant rice.
The composite modifying agent is no less than two weeks before rice transplanting and spreads fertilizer over the fields in the application in improvement gleyed soil
The composite modifying agent.
In the application in improvement gleyed soil, the amount of application of the composite modifying agent is the composite modifying agent
3.0-6.0t/hm2, test paddy soil is preferably 4.5t/hm2。
For the composite modifying agent in the application in improvement gleyed soil, the gleyed soil is gleying rice field
Soil.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
Provided by the present invention for the composite modifying agent of gleyed soil, by by quick lime, flyash, fermentation maturity
The rapeseed oil cake of cow dung and fermentation maturity is mixed to prepare composite modifying agent in proportion, the cow dung of fermentation maturity and fermentation maturity
Rapeseed oil cake remains the nutrient of cow dung and rapeseed oil cake itself, and required nutrient, quick lime are provided for paddy growth
Addition with flyash can significantly improve soil pH value, mitigate soil acidification degree, four kinds of ingredients of the application composite modifying agent
Mutual cooperation makes the physicochemical property of soil significantly improve, and increases the porosity of soil, improves the permeability of soil, drops
The low soil weight, so that the percentage of gaseous phase of soil is improved, the percentage of solid phase of soil is accordingly reduced, hence it is evident that improves soil
Earth structure, improves Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil.
In addition, four kinds of raw material synergistic effects reduce soil also while the above-mentioned physicochemical property of soil is improved
Immunogenic substance content, improves oxidation-reduction potential, alleviates Fe in soil2+The toxic action of plasma effectively activates
Soil nutrient promotes soil nutrient release and crop that nutrient is absorbed and utilized.Experiment shows to apply the soil of modifying agent processing
Its alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content are obviously improved, so as to effectively facilitate rice root and overground part
Growth is finally reached the purpose for improving rice yield.
In conclusion the composite modifying agent of application the application can be obviously improved soil quality, the readily available nutrient of soil is improved
Content, to promote rice growth and improve rice yield.
Following technical effects that composite modifying agent of the invention is proved by taking the test group of embodiment 1 and control group as an example.
(1) improved conditions:
Experimental field it is located at the village San Li, the Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province Jinxian County township San Li, is located in Poyang Lake bank, belongs to subtropical zone monsoon
Weather, average annual precipitation 1600mm, wherein nearly half rainfall concentrates on summer, 17.5 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year or so, >=10 DEG C
5525.6 DEG C of accumulated temperature.Trial zone soil plough horizon gleying is obvious, and the soil reduction process substance total amount before on-test is 5.69cmol/
Kg, pH 5.26, soil organism 24.21g/kg, full nitrogen 1.405g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 133.2mg/kg, available phosphorus 15.3mg/
Kg, available potassium 104.8mg/kg.
Test is carried out continuously 3 years, terminated by 2014 since 2012 ing, planting system be one season late rice, kind is yellow
Flower accounts for.
(2) test group and control group:
Test group: shoaling layer is filled in rice transplanting the last fortnight, composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, is harrowed and plough
It is even.Composite modifying agent component is 8 parts of quick lime；23 parts of flyash, the pH value of flyash is 9-10；The cow dung 57 of fermentation maturity
Part；12 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity, four kinds of components are uniformly mixed, and composite modifying agent is made.Composite modifying agent amount of application
For 4.5t/hm2.Dose is pure N 225kg/hm2, P2O5 112.5kg/hm2, K2O 225kg/hm2；Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
Type is respectively urea (containing N 46%), calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P2O512%), potassium chloride (contains K2O60%)；Wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 50%
Make base manure, 25% make tillering fertilizer, 25% make ear manuer, potash fertilizer 50% makees tillering fertilizer, 50% makees ear manuer, and phosphate fertilizer all makees base manure.?
Then 1 day or same day basal dressing before rice transplanting plough rake uniformly, plant rice；Top dressing is applied with rice growing season.
The cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 673:320:7, total weight of the mixture is then added
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjusting moisture content is 55%, banks up fermentation, 15-20 primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days
It is decomposed after it, it dries rear spare.Cow dung (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.40%, P2O50.10%, K2O 0.23%.
The rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 780:220, total weight of the mixture 0.5% is then added
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture content be 55%, bank up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days, after 15-20 days
It is decomposed, it dries rear spare.Rapeseed oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.10%, P2O50.85%, K2O 1.11%.
Control group: dose is pure N 225kg/hm2, P2O5 112.5kg/hm2, K2O 225kg/hm2；Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer type is respectively urea (containing N 46%), calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P2O512%), potassium chloride (contains K2O 60%)；Wherein nitrogenous fertilizer
50% makees base manure, 25% makees tillering fertilizer, 25% makees ear manuer, and potash fertilizer 50% makees tillering fertilizer, 50% makees ear manuer, and phosphate fertilizer all does base
Fertilizer.Before rice transplanting 1 day or on the day of basal dressing, then plough rake uniformly, plant rice；Top dressing is applied with rice growing season.
(3) application effect compares: in growth period duration of rice, observation is recorded, and the maturity period, which surveys, to be produced, and continuous implementation takes after 3 years, 3 years
Soil sample measures index of correlation.Specific experiment result is as follows:
Influence (t/hm of 1 different disposal of table to rice yield2)
The soil physical property of 2 different disposal of table is analyzed
The soil w ater-stable aggregates of 3 different disposal of table are classified (%)
Influence of 4 different disposal of table to soil chemical characteritics
The different letters of same row indicate that statistical test has significant difference, the table if marking same letter in table 1-4
Show that difference is not significant.
As it can be seen from table 1 application composite modifying agent can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice and compare with control group, 2012-2014
Year application composite modifying agent processing seed rate of growth is respectively 13.4%, 17.6%, 19.1%, and stalk rate of growth is respectively
16.5%, 22.2%, 25.9%, biomass rate of growth is respectively 14.8%, 19.7%, 22.2%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by as the application time limit increases rate of growth, illustrates that application composite modifying agent effect of increasing production is obvious, and there is cumulative effect.
From table 2 it can be seen that application composite modifying agent can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 8.94%), while can change
The three of kind soil compare, hence it is evident that reduce solid phase of soil percentage (reducing by 8.24%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage and (mention
It is high 37.2%), application composite modifying agent can significantly reduce the soil weight (reduce by 9.76%).As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent energy
The physical property of soil is significantly improved, the gas permeability of soil is improved and improves the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 3 can significantly improve soil macro aggregate
Wherein being greater than 2mm and 1-2mm partial size aggregate to partial size influences maximum 17.2% and 23.6% is respectively increased, together in the content of body
When application composite modifying agent significantly reduce small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and be less than 0.106mm partial size aggregate amounts
20.5% and 23.2% is reduced respectively, and macro aggregate increases and small agglomerates reduce the physical structure that can obviously improve soil, changes
The retain water and nutrients performance of kind soil has great influence to the growth of crop.As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent is to soil texture etc.
The improved effect of physical property is clearly.
Can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics of table 4 analysis result can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.54 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 26.5%) can be significantly improved, is reduced
Soil reduction process substance total amount (reduces by 19.7%), to mitigate Fe2+Etc. the toxic action of reproducibilities ion and promote soil support
Divide release；It is compared with control group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium content of application modifying agent processing are promoted respectively
12.57mg/kg (9.14%), 2.22mg/kg (13.1%), 19.00mg/kg (17.5%), it is seen then that application composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate absorption of the crop to nutrient.
To sum up, composite modifying agent of the invention is applied on gleying paddy soil, can be dramatically increased soil porosity, be changed
The three of kind soil compare, and reduce the soil weight, improve soil aggregate structure, improve the gas permeability of soil and improve soil water supply and protect
The performances such as water fertilizer conservation；Soil pH value can be significantly improved, mitigates soil acidification degree, significantly improves soil redox potential, is dropped
Low soil reduction process substance total amount mitigates Fe2+Etc. reproducibilities ion toxic action, improve soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and speed
Imitate potassium content.As it can be seen that applying the physicochemical character that composite modifying agent of the invention can be obviously improved soil, reduces soil and poison and make
With promotion soil nutrient release promotes crop to the absorption of nutrient and achievees the purpose that volume increase.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the component including following parts by weight:
8 parts of quick lime；23 parts of flyash；57 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；12 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four kinds
Component is uniformly mixed, and composite modifying agent is made.
The cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 673:320:7, total weight of the mixture is then added
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjusting moisture content is 55%, banks up fermentation, 15-20 primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days
It is decomposed after it, it dries rear spare.Cow dung (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.40%, P2O50.10%, K2O 0.23%.
The rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 780:220, total weight of the mixture 0.5% is then added
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture content be 55%, bank up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days, after 15-20 days
It is decomposed, it dries rear spare.Rapeseed oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.10%, P2O50.85%, K2O 1.11%.
The application method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for when improveing gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the composite modifying agent in soil surface, and it is uniform then to plough rake.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 4.5t/
hm2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the component including following parts by weight:
5 parts of quick lime；30 parts of flyash；50 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；15 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four kinds
Component is uniformly mixed, and composite modifying agent is made.
The cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 645:350:5, total weight of the mixture is then added
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjusting moisture content is 55%, banks up fermentation, 15-20 primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days
It is decomposed after it, it dries rear spare.Cow dung (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.44%, P2O50.13%, K2O 0.28%.
The rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 750:250, total weight of the mixture 0.5% is then added
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture content be 55%, bank up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days, after 15-20 days
It is decomposed, it dries rear spare.Rapeseed oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.18%, P2O50.89%, K2O 1.06%.
The application method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for when improveing gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the composite modifying agent in soil surface, and it is uniform then to plough rake.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 3.0t/
hm2。
The composite modifying agent of the present embodiment is applied to improvement gleying paddy soil, continuous to implement 3 years, annual rice
Maturity period, which surveys, to be produced, and soil sampling measures index of correlation after 3 years.Specific experiment result is as follows:
Influence (t/hm of 5 different disposal of table to rice yield2)
The analysis of 6 soil physical property of table
7 soil w ater-stable aggregates of table are classified (%)
Influence of 8 different disposal of table to soil chemical characteritics
The different letters of same row indicate that statistical test has significant difference, the table if marking same letter in table 5-8
Show that difference is not significant.
As can be seen from Table 5, application composite modifying agent can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice and compare with control group, 2012-2014
Year application composite modifying agent processing seed rate of growth is respectively 10.5%, 12.2%, 13.9%, and stalk rate of growth is respectively
11.2%, 12.1%, 17.0%, biomass rate of growth is respectively 10.8%, 12.2%, 15.4%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by as the application time limit increases rate of growth, illustrates that application composite modifying agent effect of increasing production is obvious, and there is cumulative effect.
As can be seen from Table 6, application composite modifying agent can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 6.24%), while can change
The three of kind soil compare, hence it is evident that reduce solid phase of soil percentage (reducing by 5.08%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage and (mention
It is high 14.7%), application composite modifying agent can significantly reduce the soil weight (reduce by 5.69%).As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent energy
The physical property of soil is significantly improved, the gas permeability of soil is improved and improves the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 7 can significantly improve soil macro aggregate
Wherein being greater than 2mm and 1-2mm partial size aggregate to partial size influences maximum 11.3% and 10.9% is respectively increased, together in the content of body
When application composite modifying agent significantly reduce small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and be less than 0.106mm partial size aggregate amounts
14.6% and 15.3% is reduced respectively, and macro aggregate increases and small agglomerates reduce the physical structure that can obviously improve soil, changes
The retain water and nutrients performance of kind soil has great influence to the growth of crop.As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent is to soil texture etc.
The improved effect of physical property is clearly.
Can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics of table 8 analysis result can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.57 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 23.6%) can be significantly improved, is reduced
Soil reduction process substance total amount (reduces by 14.8%), to mitigate Fe2+Etc. the toxic action of reproducibilities ion and promote soil support
Divide release；It is compared with control group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium content of application modifying agent processing are promoted respectively
14.63mg/kg (10.6%), 1.89mg/kg (11.2%), 15.70mg/kg (14.4%), it is seen then that application composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate absorption of the crop to nutrient.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the component including following parts by weight:
10 parts of quick lime；20 parts of flyash；60 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；10 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four
Kind component is uniformly mixed, and composite modifying agent is made.
The cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 690:300:10, total weight of the mixture is then added
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjusting moisture content is 55%, banks up fermentation, 15-20 primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days
It is decomposed after it, it dries rear spare.Cow dung (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.35%, P2O50.09%, K2O 0.19%.
The rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 800:200, total weight of the mixture 0.5% is then added
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture content be 55%, bank up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days, after 15-20 days
It is decomposed, it dries rear spare.Rapeseed oil cake nutrient content is containing N 4.92%, P2O50.76%, K2O 0.99%.
The application method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for when improveing gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields the composite modifying agent in soil surface, and it is uniform then to plough rake.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 6.0t/
hm2。
The composite modifying agent of the present embodiment is applied to improvement gleying paddy soil, continuous to implement 3 years, annual rice
Maturity period, which surveys, to be produced, and soil sampling measures index of correlation after 3 years.Specific experiment result is as follows:
Influence (t/hm of 9 different disposal of table to rice yield2)
The analysis of 10 soil physical property of table
The soil w ater-stable aggregates of 11 different disposal of table are classified (%)
Influence of 12 different disposal of table to soil chemical characteritics
The different letters of same row indicate that statistical test has significant difference, the table if marking same letter in table 9-12
Show that difference is not significant.
As can be seen from Table 9, application composite modifying agent can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice and compare with control group, 2012-2014
Year application composite modifying agent processing seed rate of growth is respectively 12.0%, 14.8%, 15.6%, and stalk rate of growth is respectively
13.7%, 15.9%, 19.3%, biomass rate of growth is respectively 12.8%, 15.3%, 17.4%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by as the application time limit increases rate of growth, illustrates that application composite modifying agent effect of increasing production is obvious, and there is cumulative effect.
As can be seen from Table 10, application composite modifying agent can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 7.34%), while energy
Improve soil three compare, hence it is evident that reduce solid phase of soil percentage (reducing by 7.58%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage
(improving 34.1%), application composite modifying agent can significantly reduce the soil weight (reducing by 7.32%).As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent
The physical property of soil can be significantly improved, the gas permeability of soil is improved and improves the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 11 can significantly improve soil agglomerate
14.8% and 15.5% is respectively increased wherein being greater than 2mm and 1-2mm partial size aggregate to partial size influences maximum in the content of aggressiveness,
Composite modifying agent, which is administered simultaneously, significantly reduces small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and contains less than 0.106mm partial size aggregate
Amount reduces by 8.61% and 25.4% respectively, and macro aggregate increases and small agglomerates reduce the physical structure that can obviously improve soil,
The retain water and nutrients performance for improving soil has great influence to the growth of crop.As it can be seen that application composite modifying agent is to soil texture
Etc. physical properties improved effect clearly.
Can be seen that application composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics of table 12 analysis result can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.35 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 17.5%) can be significantly improved, is reduced
Soil reduction process substance total amount (reduces by 13.3%), to mitigate Fe2+Etc. the toxic action of reproducibilities ion and promote soil support
Divide release；It is compared with control group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium content of application modifying agent processing are promoted respectively
10.80mg/kg (7.85%), 1.76mg/kg (10.4%), 14.80mg/kg (13.6%), it is seen then that application composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate absorption of the crop to nutrient.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, which is characterized in that the component including following parts by weight:
5-10 parts of quick lime；
20-30 parts of flyash；
50-60 parts of the cow dung of fermentation maturity；
10-15 parts of the rapeseed oil cake of fermentation maturity；
Wherein, the cow dung of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By fresh cow dung, cavings and urea by weight being uniformly mixed for 600-700:300-350:5-10, mixture is then added
The fermenting agent of total weight 0.5%, then adjusting moisture content is 50%-60%, banks up fermentation, it is primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days,
It is decomposed after 15-20 days, it dries rear spare；
The rapeseed oil cake of the fermentation maturity the preparation method is as follows:
By rapeseed oil cake and cavings by weight being uniformly mixed for 750-850:200-250, total weight of the mixture is then added
0.5% fermenting agent, then adjusting moisture content is 50%-60%, banks up fermentation, 15-20 primary at interval of turning in 2-3 days
It is decomposed after it, it dries rear spare.
2. the composite modifying agent according to claim 1 for gleyed soil, which is characterized in that the fermenting agent tool
Body is organic matter decomposing inoculant.
3. any composite modifying agent for gleyed soil according to claim 1~2, which is characterized in that the powder
The pH value of coal ash is 9-10.
4. application of any composite modifying agent of claims 1 to 3 in improvement gleyed soil.
5. application of the composite modifying agent according to claim 4 in improvement gleyed soil, which is characterized in that in soil
Shoaling layer is filled before turning over, the composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, and it is uniform then to plough rake.
6. application of the composite modifying agent according to claim 5 in improvement gleyed soil, which is characterized in that in rice
It is no less than two weeks before rice transplanting and spreads fertilizer over the fields the composite modifying agent.
7. application of the composite modifying agent according to any one of claim 4 to 6 in improvement gleyed soil, feature exist
In the amount of application of the composite modifying agent is 3.0-6.0t/hm2。
8. application of the composite modifying agent according to claim 4 in improvement gleyed soil, which is characterized in that described latent
Educating soil is gleying paddy soil.
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| CN109880634A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-14 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner and its method for carrying out soil improvement |
| CN112980448B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-02-11 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Rice field soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113462399B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-04-07 | 山东省农业科学院 | Modifier for coal ash-based sand Jiang Heitu and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115322055A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Tobacco soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116806509A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-09-29 | 华中农业大学 | Rice fertilization method for improving fertility of submerged rice field and application thereof |
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