CN106451499A - Dynamic primary thermal power generating unit frequency modulation control method for power grid with high wind power penetration rate - Google Patents
Dynamic primary thermal power generating unit frequency modulation control method for power grid with high wind power penetration rate Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic primary thermal power generating unit frequency modulation control method for a power grid with the high wind power penetration rate, and relates to a dynamic primary thermal power generating unit frequency modulation control method. In order to reduce influences caused by wind power output power fluctuation on system frequency stabilization, the primary frequency modulation control method for dynamically adjusting a difference adjustment coefficient of a thermal power generating unit is proposed by analyzing the frequency response characteristics of the thermal power generating unit when primary frequency modulation is conducted on the thermal power generating unit on the premise that the stability of the thermal power generating unit is guaranteed. According to the control method, the primary frequency modulation capability of the thermal power generating unit can be effectively improved, the thermal power generating unit can achieve the higher flexibility and capability when primary frequency modulation is conducted on the thermal power generating unit, and therefore frequency stabilization of a wind power-containing system is promoted. In a wind power-containing single-area simulation system, when 15% of wind power prediction errors are taken into account, the maximum fluctuation deviation of the system frequency is decreased to 0.0663 Hz from 0.126 Hz, and therefore the requirement of the power grid on the frequency is met. The control method is applied in the field of thermal power generating unit control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dynamic primary frequency modulation control method of fired power generating unit.
Background technology
The access of high permeability wind-powered electricity generation is equivalent to and introduces more random power fluctuations outside load fluctuation, to electric power
The frequency regulation capacity of system and frequency modulation control motility propose higher requirement.Lifting fired power generating unit fm capacity can alleviate wind-powered electricity generation
The impact to system frequency for the power swing, existing technical method primarily focuses on and improves system by reasonable disposition frequency regulation capacity
The fm capacity of system, and be still short of very much at present with regard to excavating the method for conventional power generation usage unit itself frequency modulation potentiality.According to electromotor
The definition of group difference coefficient understands, in electrical network, the difference coefficient of each unit is less, illustrates that unit possesses higher primary frequency modulation energy
Power, is conducive to the frequency stable of maintenance system.But difference coefficient setting is too small, then the governing system being likely to result in generating set is lost
Surely, generating set is made to lose the function of maintaining system frequency stable.Wind-powered electricity generation permeability accounts for regional network general power for wind power
Percentage ratio, with being gradually increased of wind-powered electricity generation permeability, typically it is believed that it is height that regional power grid endogenous wind electro-osmosis rate is more than 15%
Wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to solve existing wind power output power fluctuation stably adversely affecting to system frequency
Shortcoming, and a kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control method for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network is proposed.
A kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control method for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network comprises the following steps：
Step one：According to the type of fired power generating unit, determine open-loop transfer function G (s) of its governing system, make fired power generating unit
Difference coefficient δ=0.02～0.06, open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics and the phase-frequency characteristic figure that governing system is drawn according to G (s), ask for
The amplitude-versus-frequency curve of governing system crosses the corresponding frequencies omega in 0dB placecAnd the maximum low frequency segment limit 0 of governing system～
fLmax, wherein fLmaxIt is that between the logarithmic phase frequency response curve of governing system is equal to -135 °～-100 °, a certain angle value when institute is right
The frequency (specifically can be set according to system stability margin to be met) answered；
Step 2：Using first-order crossover device, frequency departure signal delta f in governing system feedback channel is carried out at frequency dividing
Reason, Δ f is decomposed into Frequency deviation signal Δ f1With higher frequency deviation signal Δ f2；According to low-pass first order filter W1
(s) and single order high pass filter W2S the transmission function of (), determines that low frequency after frequency divider for the Δ f is believed with higher frequency deviation
Number Δ f1(s) and Δ f2(s)；
Step 3：The frequency range of the wind power low-frequency fluctuation that setting governing system is adjusted is 0～fwind, fwindMeet
fwind≤fLmax, according to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2；Wherein, T1For low-pass first order filter W1(s)
Time constant, T2For single order high pass filter W2The time constant of (s)；
Step 4：The feedback control passage of fired power generating unit governing system is modified, by additional frequency divider, will be single
Feedback channel is expanded as low frequency feedback passage and high frequency feedback passage, in low-frequency range 0～fwindInterior, the rotating speed of governing system is adjusted
Difference coefficient δ is set to δ=2%～3%, in high band f >=fwindInterior, by the rotating speed difference coefficient δ of governing system be set to δ=
4%～6%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
From the point of view of mains frequency control, although the high-frequency fluctuation component major part of Power Output for Wind Power Field is by electric power
The inertia of system absorbs, but the wattful power to power system for the lasting change meeting of the power swing of low-frequency range and overall generated output
Rate balance impacts, and after introducing dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy, can strengthen the regulation energy to low-frequency excitation for the fired power generating unit
Power, weakens the wind power fluctuation impact stable to system frequency；It is considered to 15% wind in the single simulation of domain system containing wind-powered electricity generation
During electrical power forecast error, the maximum fluctuation deviation of system frequency is decreased to 0.0663Hz by 0.126Hz, meets electrical network to frequency
Requirement.The standard deviation of frequency fluctuation is decreased to σ=0.0002741 by σ=0.0004452, relatively reduces 38.43% before.
From the point of view of fired power generating unit itself, introduce dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy and do not have an impact the stable of unit itself
Property, and fully excavated the responding ability to low-frequency range disturbance for the fired power generating unit.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy schematic flow sheet being applied to high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network；
Fig. 2 is condensing turbine group speed adjustment system mathematical model figure；
Fig. 3 is the open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics figure of governing system；
Fig. 4 is the open loop log phase-frequency characteristics figure of governing system；
Fig. 5 is Δ f1(s) and Δ f2The preferable amplitude-frequency characteristic figure of (s)；
Fig. 6 is the governing system mathematical model figure with dynamic primary frequency function；
Fig. 7 is the region of list containing the wind-powered electricity generation multi-computer system figure for primary frequency modulation analysis；
Fig. 8 is single district system load and wind power curve chart；
Fig. 9 is primary frequency modulation mathematical model figure during multimachine paired running；
Figure 10 is the open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics figure of governing system during multimachine paired running；
Figure 11 is the open loop log phase-frequency characteristics figure of governing system during multimachine paired running；
Figure 12 is system frequency deviation figure when having or not dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy；
Figure 13 is fired power generating unit capability diagram when having or not dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：As shown in figure 1, a kind of fired power generating unit for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network is dynamically once adjusted
Frequency control method comprises the following steps：
Step one：According to the type of fired power generating unit, determine open-loop transfer function G (s) of its governing system, drawn according to G (s)
Go out open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics and the phase-frequency characteristic figure of governing system, ask for the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of governing system during δ=0.02
Cross the corresponding frequencies omega in 0dB placecAnd the maximum low frequency segment limit 0～f of governing systemLmax, wherein fLmaxIt is governing system
Logarithmic phase frequency response curve is equal to corresponding frequency when -110 °；
Step 2：Using first-order crossover device, frequency departure signal delta f in governing system feedback channel is carried out at frequency dividing
Reason, Δ f is decomposed into Frequency deviation signal Δ f1With higher frequency deviation signal Δ f2；According to low-pass first order filter W1
(s) and single order high pass filter W2S the transmission function of (), determines that low frequency after frequency divider for the Δ f is believed with higher frequency deviation
Number Δ f1(s) and Δ f2(s)；
Step 3：The frequency range of the wind power low-frequency fluctuation that setting governing system is adjusted is 0～fwind, fwindMeet
fwind≤fLmax, according to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2；Wherein, T1For low-pass first order filter W1(s)
Time constant, T2For single order high pass filter W2The time constant of (s)；
Step 4：The feedback control passage of fired power generating unit governing system shown in Fig. 2 is modified, will be original single anti-
Feedthrough road, by additional frequency divider, is expanded and is become low frequency feedback passage and high frequency feedback passage, by DEH system dynamics
The difference coefficient δ of setting generating set.In the low-frequency range 0～f away from shearing frequencywindInterior, by δ be arranged to smaller value (δ=
2%～3%), near shearing frequency and higher frequency section f >=fwindInterior, keep unit difference coefficient δ still routinely value (δ
=4%～6%).
The condensing turbine group speed adjustment system transmission function with dynamic primary frequency function is as shown in Figure 6.Its
In, W1(s) be low-pass first order filter, it only allow low frequency signal by and stop high-frequency signal；W2S () is single order high-pass filtering
Device, it only allow high-frequency signal by and stop low frequency signal.
The frequency response characteristic that the present invention participates in during primary frequency modulation to fired power generating unit is analyzed, and is ensureing that fired power generating unit is steady
Under the premise of qualitatively, the dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy adjusting fired power generating unit difference coefficient is proposed.This control strategy can have
The Primary frequency control ability of effect lifting fired power generating unit, makes fired power generating unit possess higher motility and ability when participating in primary frequency modulation,
Be conducive to the frequency stable containing wind power system.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one：In described step one, open loop passes
Delivery function G (s) is specially：
When fired power generating unit is for condensing turbine group, can get the open loop transmission letter of condensing-type governing system according to Fig. 2
Number G (s) is shown below：
Condensing-type：
Wherein said TsFor the time constant of servomotor, T0For the time constant of volume equation, TaFor the generator amature time
Constant, s=j ω, j are imaginary number, and ω is angular frequency.
Draw open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics and the phase frequency spy of governing system when δ=0.02 and δ=0.05 according to G (s)
Property figure as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, based on the open loop log-frequency characteristic shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, asks for governing system during δ=0.02
Shearing frequency ωcAnd the maximum low frequency segment limit 0～f of governing systemLmax.
Wherein, ωcIt is that the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of governing system crosses the corresponding frequency in 0dB place, fLmaxIt is the right of governing system
Number phase-frequency characteristic curve is equal to corresponding frequency when -110 °.
Reheat-type：
Wherein said αHAccount for the share coefficient of whole steam turbine power, T for high pressure cylinder powerRHFor the mesolow cylinder reheating time
Constant；
Only give the form of condensing-type and reheating turbine group governing system G (s), in practical application herein
In also there is the Steam Turbine of multiple other forms, according to its operation logic, equally can provide corresponding governing system G
The form of (s).
Other steps and parameter are identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one or two：In described step 2 really
Determine low frequency after frequency divider for the Δ f and higher frequency deviation signal Δ f1(s) and Δ f2S the detailed process of () is：
Wherein said Δ f (s) is frequency departure signal delta f in governing system feedback channel.
Other steps and parameter are identical with specific embodiment one or two.
Specific embodiment four：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three：Described step 3
Middle according to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2It is specially：
The given system frequency range 0～f residing for wind power low-frequency fluctuation to be adjustedwind, fwindF should be metwind
≤fLmax.According to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2.Expression is as follows：
When taking T1=T2When, WiS the setting of () meetsNow, the Δ f isolating1(s) and Δ f2S () is as schemed
Shown in 5.As shown in Figure 5, Δ f1(s) and Δ f2S () is the signal not overlapped each other, the two superposition may make up original signal Δ f (s).
One of other steps and parameter and specific embodiment one to three are identical.
Verify beneficial effects of the present invention using following examples：
Embodiment one：
The following is an enforcement example of the present invention：Embodiment is made with the single region multi-computer system containing wind-powered electricity generation shown in Fig. 7.
Specifically follow the steps below：
The fired power generating unit comprise thermoelectricity AGC unit in this single district system, being only involved in primary frequency modulation and Wind turbines, its
In, AGC unit is respectively 0.2 and 0.6 with the generating share coefficient being only involved in primary frequency modulation unit, the generating share of Wind turbines
Coefficient is 0.2.In simulation process, all data carry out standardization process, selecting system total installation of generating capacity as power reference value,
Load and wind power curve are as shown in Figure 8.
Step one：In single district system shown in Fig. 7, fired power generating unit is condensing turbine group, and every generating set takes
Identical parameter：Tsi=T0i=0.2s, Tai=8s.When fired power generating unit parameter values all in system are identical, its equivalent tune
Speed system model is as shown in Figure 9.It is shown below according to open-loop transfer function G (s) that Fig. 9 can get its governing system：
In formula, Ts=T0=0.2s,δiTune for i-th fired power generating unit
Difference coefficient, αiFor the share coefficient of i-th fired power generating unit, M, N are respectively in system and participate in frequency modulation frequency modulation and be only involved in once adjusting
The total number of units of fired power generating unit of frequency.
δ is drawn according to G (s)Σ=0.02 and δΣThe open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics of governing system when=0.05 and phase frequency
Performance plot as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, based on the open loop log-frequency characteristic shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, asks for δΣAdjust when=0.02
The shearing frequency ω of speed systemcAnd the maximum low frequency segment limit 0～f of governing systemLmax.From Figure 10 and Figure 11, work as δΣ=
When 0.02, ωc=2rad/s, fLmax=0.16Hz.
Step 2：Scaling down processing is carried out to frequency departure signal delta f of system using first-order crossover device, Δ f is decomposed into
Low frequency signal Δ f1With high-frequency signal Δ f2.Wherein low-pass first order filter W1(s) and single order high pass filter W2The transmission of (s)
Function is respectively：
Frequency departure component Δ f after frequency divider for the system frequency deviation Δ f1With Δ f2It is respectively：
Step 3：The given system frequency range 0～f residing for wind power low-frequency fluctuation to be adjustedwind, Fig. 8 institute
Show that wind power curve sample frequency is 0.2Hz, based on sampling thheorem, given system wind power low-frequency fluctuation to be adjusted
Residing frequency range 0～0.1Hz.According to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2.Concrete outcome is as follows：
Now, frequency divider Wi(s) and δiSetting as follows：
Step 4：The feedback control passage of fired power generating unit governing system shown in Fig. 2 is modified, will be original single anti-
Feedthrough road, by additional frequency divider, is expanded and is become low frequency feedback passage and high frequency feedback passage, by DEH system dynamics
The difference coefficient δ of setting generating set.In the low-frequency range 0～0.1Hz away from shearing frequency, by δ be arranged to smaller value (δ=
2%～3%), near shearing frequency and in higher frequency section f >=0.1Hz, keep unit difference coefficient δ still routinely value
(δ=4%～6%).There is condensing turbine group speed adjustment system transmission function such as Fig. 6 institute of dynamic primary frequency function
Show.In figure 6, W1(s) be low-pass first order filter, it only allow low frequency signal by and stop high-frequency signal；W2S () is single order
High pass filter, it only allow high-frequency signal by and stop low frequency signal.
In the present embodiment, in Fig. 8, load data and wind power data are measured data, and simulation time is one day in
From 00:00 point to 15:00 point, the short-term forecast value of load is chosen for 15 minutes sliding averages of actual load data, wind-powered electricity generation
The predictive value of power has 15% forecast error compared with actual wind power data.
Simulation result such as Figure 12, shown in 13, wherein Figure 12 is system frequency when having or not dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy
Deviation, Figure 13 is the situation of change in 200 seconds using a fired power generating unit output before and after dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy.
As shown in Figure 12, after introducing dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy, system frequency maximum fluctuation deviation is decreased to by 0.126Hz
0.0663Hz, meets the requirement to frequency for the electrical network.The standard deviation of frequency fluctuation by σ=0.0004452 be decreased to σ=
0.0002741, relatively reduce 38.43% before.This is because after fired power generating unit adopts dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy, to place
The regulating power of the second level wind power random fluctuation in 0～0.1Hz frequency range and load random fluctuation strengthens.Can by Figure 13
Know, after fired power generating unit adopts dynamic primary frequency modulation control strategy, be provided with less tune in the low-frequency range away from shearing frequency
So that the active power change of fired power generating unit output is concentrated mainly in low-frequency range, (in 20s, maximum rate of change is to increase to difference coefficient
Add deduct and lacked 0.6%), the regulating power to the wind power random fluctuation in low-frequency range and load random fluctuation for the fired power generating unit
Strengthen.
The present invention also can have other various embodiments, in the case of without departing substantially from present invention spirit and its essence, this area
Technical staff when can according to the present invention make various corresponding change and deform, but these corresponding change and deformation all should belong to
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control method for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network it is characterised in that：Described
Fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control method for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network comprises the following steps：
Step one：According to the type of fired power generating unit, determine open-loop transfer function G (s) of its governing system, make fired power generating unit adjust poor
Coefficient δ=0.02～0.06, open loop log magnitude-frequency characteristics and the phase-frequency characteristic figure that governing system is drawn according to G (s), ask for speed governing
The amplitude-versus-frequency curve of system crosses the corresponding frequencies omega in 0dB placecAnd the maximum low frequency segment limit 0～f of governing systemLmax, its
Middle fLmaxIt is corresponding frequency during a certain angle value between the logarithmic phase frequency response curve of governing system is equal to -135 °～-100 °
Rate；
Step 2：Scaling down processing is carried out to the frequency departure signal △ f in governing system feedback channel using first-order crossover device, will
△ f is decomposed into Frequency deviation signal △ f1With higher frequency deviation signal △ f2；According to low-pass first order filter W1(s) with
Single order high pass filter W2S the transmission function of (), determines low frequency after frequency divider for the △ f and higher frequency deviation signal △ f1
(s) and △ f2(s)；
Step 3：The frequency range of the wind power low-frequency fluctuation that setting governing system is adjusted is 0～fwind, fwindMeet fwind
≤fLmax, according to fwindDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2；Wherein, T1For low-pass first order filter W1(s) when
Between constant, T2For single order high pass filter W2The time constant of (s)；
Step 4：The feedback control passage of fired power generating unit governing system is modified, by additional frequency divider, by single feedback
Passage is expanded as low frequency feedback passage and high frequency feedback passage, in low-frequency range 0～fwindInterior, the rotating speed of governing system is adjusted difference system
Number δ is set to δ=2%～3%, in high band f >=fwindInterior, the rotating speed difference coefficient δ of governing system is set to δ=4%
～6%.
2. a kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation controlling party for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network according to claim 1
Method it is characterised in that：In described step one, open-loop transfer function G (s) is specially：
Condensing-type：
Reheat-type：
Wherein said TsFor the time constant of servomotor, T0For the time constant of volume equation, TaNormal for the generator amature time
Number, αHAccount for the share coefficient of whole steam turbine power, T for high pressure cylinder powerRHFor mesolow cylinder thermal time constant again, s=j ω, j
For imaginary number, ω is angular frequency.
3. a kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation control for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network according to claim 1 and 2
Method processed it is characterised in that：Low frequency after frequency divider for the △ f and higher frequency deviation signal △ f is determined in described step 21
(s) and △ f2S the detailed process of () is：
Wherein said △ f (s) is the frequency departure signal △ f in governing system feedback channel.
4. a kind of fired power generating unit dynamic primary frequency modulation controlling party for high wind-powered electricity generation permeability electrical network according to claim 3
Method it is characterised in that：According to f in described step 3windDetermine parameter T of frequency divider in step 21And T2It is specially：
When taking T1=T2When, WiS the setting of () meetsThe △ f isolating1(s) and △ f2S () does not overlap each other
Signal, the two superposition constitutes original signal △ f (s).
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| CN108879734A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of electric automobile super capacitor, battery energy source frequency-division section participate in power grid frequency modulation method |
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| CN114301101A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-04-08 | 华北电力大学 | Method for evaluating virtual inertia and primary frequency modulation coefficient of wind and light power storage station |
| CN114256875A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-29 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Wind-solar power storage station grid-connected point equivalent inertia evaluation method based on energy view angle |
| CN114256875B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-10-31 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Wind-solar energy storage station grid-connected point equivalent inertia evaluation method based on energy visual angle |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |