CN106386033A - Seedling raising method for flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method for flue-cured tobacco and belongs to the field of tobacco planting. The method comprises several steps such as carrying out disinfection, carrying out substrate loading, carrying out sowing, carrying out fertilizer application, carrying out humiture management and seedling raising house management and carrying out leaf cutting. According to the method, during specific implementation, two stages of seed sowing and seedling raising are adopted, the sowing time interval of the two stages is 10 to 15 days, and the time for reaching transplanting standards after the sowing of a second stage is only 3 to 5 days behindhand that of a first stage, so that tobacco seedlings cultivated in the first stage can be used during primary-stage transplanting, tobacco seedlings cultivated in the second stage are used during later-stage transplanting, and the condition that the tobacco seedlings are all sound and healthy seedlings reaching standards for shaft-kiln-type young seedling transplantation during transplanting is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical field, it is related to the breeding method of floating seedlings, specifically, be that one kind is based on
Float seedling method on the basis of Southwest tobacco-growing areas spread " the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " technology.
Background technology
Tobacco seedlings are the bases of Nicotiana tabacum L. Production of Large Fields, and nursery is the important step of cured tobacco production, and target is that offer is in good time, fills
Sufficient, healthy and strong, neat tobacco seedlings.Since having tobacco cultivation, tobacco seedling experienced apply till now from traditional nursery more universal
Nutritive cube, nutritive cube, nutrient bag heel in nursery, tobacco seedling technology is greatly improved.But these seedling raising mannerses are all
Based on soil, from sowing, emerge and tobacco seedling growth all be unable to do without soil and be manured into soil fertilizer.Therefore, also just not
It is avoided that soilborne disease, worm, Weed infestation, and the defect pair due to artificial unmanageable soil physico-chemical property aspect
The various impacts that tobacco seedlings cause.
Floating seedlings（Also known as floating disc nursery）It is current comparative maturity in the world and a kind of nursery being widely used
Mode, it has concentrated soilless culture, water planting（I.e. nutrient fluid cultivation）, Nutrition Soil cultivation, container（Alms bowl formula）Cultivation, non-toxic health are planted
The advantage of training, in one, is state-of-the-art seeling industry technology in the world.Floating seedlings are the foam plasticss very light using quality
Make seedlings nursing plate, after filling substrate, seed is sowed in substrate, seedlings nursing plate is moved on to and in nursery pond, swims in nutritional solution surface
Complete whole seedling raising process.The ultimate principle of floating seedlings is exactly to replace soil fixing tobacco root system with substrate, and by nutritional solution
Nutrient needed for tobacco seedling growth and moisture are provided.
Sterilization is the important link of floating seedlings.Floating seedlings are a kind of main method cultivating nontoxic Seedling, but
Once tobacco seedlings have infected disease, flotation fluid, cutting seedlings apparatus will become the major transmission path of disease again, and endanger bigger.Cause
This, the disinfection carrying out the substrate before nursery, seedlings nursing plate, nursery pond and seedling growth greenhouse is particularly important.
Temperature control is also floating seedlings successfully one of key, and low temperature may result in the germination percentage of tobacco seedlings to reduce, tobacco seedlings meeting
Occur leaf malformation, jaundice it is also possible to after transplanting cigarette strain grow axillary bud, or even early blossoming occurs；The too high harm of temperature is bigger,
Tobacco seedlings can be caused to burn, dead seedling occurs, reduce planting percent.
Either in Southwest tobacco-growing areas or other planting site, during floating seedlings, the time of sowing all concentrates on
Three to five days span scopes in certain time period, its objective is to prevent sowing surrounding time oversize, lead to tobacco seedlings seedling-growing time
The big problem of span scope, therefore sowing time must be unified.
" the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " is a kind of mulch film cigarette transplanting method widelyd popularize in Southwest tobacco-growing areas, little with flue-cured tobacco film
Transplantation of seedlings effect quite, can be done sth. in advance transplanting time and reduce transplanting recruitment, and without overlay film after tobacco seedlings cultivation, transplanting progress is that bare area plants cigarette
Tobacco seedlings survival rate after plant cigarette with conventional mulch film 2 times, and transplanting is high, and plant uniformity is good, due to deeper, cigarette when tobacco seedlings are transplanted
Strain well developed root system, prosperous long-term without ridging, the tobacco seedlings being especially suitable for southwest are transplanted.
But " the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " needs to get deep hole on the face of ridge with card punch, perforating efficiency relatively low so that cigarette
The transplanting time of Seedling is relatively slow, because in prior art, nursery is to take disposably to complete to sow within several days time, leads to
Tobacco seedlings go out must be transplanted seedling during transplantation of seedlings as soon as possible, therefore on the basis of " the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " technology, greatly
The tobacco seedlings that area transplanting easily causes early stage transplanting are strong sprout, strong Seedling, and what the later stage transplanted is weak seedling, sick seedling, ultimately results in cigarette
Leaf yield and quality glides, and tobacco grower's income and revenue tax all can reduce.
Content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide it is a kind of low cost, simple to operate, it can be avoided that seedling concentrates the segmentation flue-cured tobacco transplanted to educate
Seedling-growing method.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of cured tobacco seedling culturing method, comprises the steps：
A, sterilization
A1, seedling growth greenhouse sterilization：First 12 ~ 16 days of sowing, the 50 times of liquid of metham-sodium with 35% are fumigated one week to seedbed spraying overlay film, canopy
Outer surrounding spreads quick lime；
A2, seedlings nursing plate sterilization：The new seedlings nursing plate using does not need to carry out disinfection, and reusable seedlings nursing plate then needs to remove residual
Superincumbent substrate and tobacco seedlings residuum；500 ~ 800 times of liquid of chlorine dioxide with 10% are uniformly sprinkled upon on seedlings nursing plate, airtight 7 ~ 10 days；
300 times of liquid of thiophanate-methyl with 58% are uniformly sprinkled upon on floating disc, airtight 7 ~ 10 days；Done with clean water after process to be sterilized
Only, you can sowing；
A3, nursery pond sterilization：First 7 ~ 10 days of sowing, water per ton is sprinkled in nursery pond with 15 ~ 20g powder bleaching powder is directly dry,
Agitation as appropriate water overflows by chlorine, seals seedling growth greenhouse simultaneously；
B, substrate filling
First seedling medium is poured on the Polypropylence Sheet of cleaning, spills wet with water purification it is ensured that compound seedling medium water content is 55% ~ 65%
（Mass percent）, reach agglomerating, the tactile state dissipating held, then hole seedling medium being filled up the seedlings nursing plate of sterilization
In, after described seedlings nursing plate is packed full with seedling medium, in 160 ~ 240mm altitude range freely falling body 1～2 time, so that seedling medium is filled
It is uniformly elastic suitable to fill out, and is filled with seedling medium simultaneously and scrapes off the unnecessary seedling medium in top layer, makes that loads in seedlings nursing plate hole to educate
The smooth no neglected loading of Seedling stromal surface；
C, sowing
Conventionally extrapolate the sowing time, and carry out the seed sowing of first stage within this sowing time, first
Carry out the seed sowing of second stage in 10 ~ 15 days sowing time in stage, adopt single cave monoseeding during sowing, after planting educating
Uniformly clear water is sprayed so that capsuled seed suctions moisture, shell cracks, and then uniformly spreads one layer 2 in the surface of the seed above seed plate
The thick substrate of～4mm, moves to seedlings nursing plate in nursery pond in time；
D, fertilising
Treat neat after seedling, special fertilizer is pressed the dissolving of 150ppm concentration and adds nursery pond to form nutritional solution, the pH value of nutritional solution requires
5.5 ~ 6.5, if pH value is not inconsistent with requirement, need to carry out pH value correction, the water level of nursery pond is not less than 70mm, avoid simultaneously to
Miao Chizhong adds calcium superphosphate, and suitable water drenching；
E, temperature and humidity management and seedling growth greenhouse management
E1, temperature and humidity management：Monitor in real time seedling growth greenhouse intrinsic parameter situation of change, carries out in time seedbed management work, from being seeded into
During emerging, film and tectorial membrane time are taken off so that the temperature of nursery panel surface is maintained at 20～25 DEG C by reasonable control；In nursery
During, seedling growth greenhouse will be aerated dehumidifying, and the continuous dayses that relative humidity is more than 90% must not exceed 3 days；
E2, seedling growth greenhouse management：40 mesh fly nets added a cover by seedling growth greenhouse doorway and vent, note keeping environmental health in canopy simultaneously,
If finding diseased plant, should clear up immediately and timely dispenser；
F, leaf-cutting
When tobacco seedlings reach 5 leaf 1 heart, once, the concrete time is carried out when morning dew does rear tobacco seedlings blade without water for leaf-cutting,
During leaf-cutting, often cut nursery pond leaves cutting tools and should sterilize once；
Transplant and start within first 3 ~ 5 days fertile seedling exercising of cutting off the water supply, can be transplanted after transplanting standard when tobacco seedlings grow to.
G, little transplantation of seedlings standard
The seedling age of seedling about 50 days, lateral root is flourishing, cane height 30～50mm, height of seedling 60～80mm, and 5～6, blade is anosis
Bacterium, virus infection, colony is uniformly neat.
Further, in step C, the time of first stage seed sowing was located between 2 month 25 ~ March 5, second-order
The time of section seed sowing is sowed 15 days after starting date in the first stage, and the sowing time span in each stage not can exceed that simultaneously
5 days.
Further, in step D, if the pH value of nutritional solution is higher than 6.5, add the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution is carried out
Correction, if the pH value of nutritional solution is less than 5.5, adds the NaOH solution of 1mol/L to be corrected.PH value is too high can lead to ferrum,
The trace element such as manganese, copper and zinc precipitate, and so that tobacco seedlings can not be absorbed, pH value is too low, cigarette strain can be made to absorb some elements excessive
And lead to tobacco seedlings to be poisoned.
Further, in step E, temperature and humidity management includes：
From emerging to the cross phase, based on being incubated, in the case of fine day noon temperature height, it is aerated dehumidifying of lowering the temperature, controls
Temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, notes epiphragma afternoon, controls temperature of shed to be not less than 13 DEG C；
From cross phase to seedling, should avoid extremely high-end, control ventilation to make temperature of shed be less than 30 DEG C；
Become seedling stage, the canopy film of seedling growth greenhouse surrounding is rolled, stronger ventilation amount, make tobacco seedlings adapt to extraneous temperature and humidity condition.
Using the cured tobacco seedling culturing method of technique scheme, compared to prior art, have the advantages that：
1st, the present invention, by carrying out properly pasteurized to seedling growth greenhouse, seedlings nursing plate and nursery pond, can cultivate for tobacco seedlings and create more preferably
Gnotobasiss, chlorine dioxide can prevent virosiss, and thiophanate-methyl can prevent root black rot；Nursery pond adds bleaching powder
Chlorine can be made to overflow, heat up in seedling growth greenhouse, be easy to check nursery pond whether leak.
2nd, the present invention first carries out single cave monoseeding in seedlings nursing plate, then uniformly sprays clear water above seedlings nursing plate,
Uniformly spread the thick substrate of one layer of 2mm～4mm in the surface of the seed afterwards.Single cave monoseeding can greatly improve tobacco seedlings emergence rate, protects
Card tobacco seedling growth neat and consistent, reduces link operation of filling the gaps with seedlings, thus the disease spread probability that link of filling the gaps with seedlings between substantially reducing is brought；
Spraying clear water is conducive to capsuled seed to suction moisture, and shell cracks；Uniformly spreading one layer of substrate in the surface of the seed can prevent tobacco seedlings
The generation of spiral root（Once producing spiral root, usual retarded growth, substantially can not develop into the tobacco seedlings being suitable for transplanting）, this
One layer of substrate without or very little, the root system in Seedling cave easily assembles formation spiral root, if substrate is loaded too closely, voidage subtracts
Few, also it is unfavorable for the growth of tobacco seedlings.
3rd, second stage seeding and seedling raising of the present invention and first stage seeding and seedling raising time phase difference 10 ~ 15 days, with temperature
Go up, second stage is compared the first stage and reached the time-lag 3 ~ 5 days of " the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " standard so that cigarette when transplanting
The tobacco seedlings that agriculture is cultivated using the first stage when early stage is transplanted, the tobacco seedlings cultivated using second stage when the later stage transplants are so little
The time of transplantation of seedlings remains little transplantation of seedlings in the later stage transplanted, and accordingly extends the time range of tobacco seedlings transplanting, it is to avoid one
When Seedling is sent out in the nursery of secondary property, transplanting later stage tobacco seedlings are excessive, do not meet the problem of transplanting standard.
Specific implementation method
In order that those skilled in the art may be better understood the present invention, with reference to embodiment to technical solution of the present invention
Further illustrate.
A kind of roasting mainly for adopted on the basis of Southwest tobacco-growing areas spread " the little transplantation of seedlings of well kiln formula " technology
Cigarette method for culturing seedlings, comprises the steps：
First, sterilize
Sterilization is the important link of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating, once tobacco seedlings have infected disease, flotation fluid, cutting seedlings apparatus will become disease again
The major transmission path of evil.Therefore, the disinfection carrying out seedling growth greenhouse, seedlings nursing plate and nursery pond before nursery is particularly important.
1st, seedling growth greenhouse sterilization：Sow first 15 days about, to seedling growth greenhouse disinfection, specially adopt 35% prestige hundred
After mu 50 times of liquid dilution, seedbed spraying overlay film is fumigated with one week, outside seedling growth greenhouse canopy, surrounding is also spread quick lime and carried out disinfection simultaneously.
2nd, seedlings nursing plate sterilization：The new seedlings nursing plate using does not need to carry out disinfection, and last used seedlings nursing plate then needs
First remove and remain superincumbent substrate and tobacco seedlings residuum, be then uniformly sprinkled upon seedlings nursing plate with 10% 500 ~ 800 times of liquid of chlorine dioxide
On, airtight 7 ~ 10 days, prevent virus diseases；300 times of liquid of thiophanate-methyl with 58% are uniformly sprinkled upon on floating disc, and airtight 7 ~ 10
My god, prevent root black rot；Clean with clean water after process to be sterilized, you can sowing.
3rd, nursery pond sterilization：First 7 ~ 10 days of sowing, water per ton is sprinkled into nursery pond with 15 ~ 20g powder bleaching powder is directly dry
In, agitation as appropriate water overflows by chlorine, seals seedling growth greenhouse, at this time water pre-heating temperature elevation, is easy to check whether nursery pond leaks
Water.
2nd, substrate filling
Substrate is the key of floating seedlings technical system, and its main purpose is to provide a fixation for tobacco seedling growth and support work
With thereby ensure that substrate has certain porosity, providing cigarette root growth suitable WGR, providing nutrition master for tobacco seedling growth
Nutritional solution to be relied on, therefore, requires to matrix component that quality is light, porosity is more than 60%, aeration and water retention property are good, have one
Fixed nutrient substance.
There is no particular limitation in terms of seedling medium for the application it is only necessary to it meets basic demand, or directly
The seedling medium of offer is provided using local department.
Certainly preferably carried out disinfection using substrate money in the case of conditional, relatively effective method is to take high temperature to disappear
Poison, this method is free from environmental pollution, can be prevented effectively from the generation of weeds, disease and insect pest.
When specifically used, first seedling medium be poured on the Polypropylence Sheet of cleaning, spill wet with water purification it is ensured that seedling medium is aqueous
Amount（Mass percent）55% ~ 65%, preferably 60%, reach hold agglomerating, the state dissipating touched, then seedling medium is filled up
In the hole of the seedlings nursing plate of sterilization, after described seedlings nursing plate is packed full with seedling medium, in 2 meters of altitude range freely falling body 1～2
Secondary, so that seedling medium is loaded uniformly elastic suitable, be filled with seedling medium simultaneously and scrape off the unnecessary seedling medium in top layer, make seedlings nursing plate
The seedling medium surfacing no neglected loading of filling in hole.
3rd, sow
Suitable sowing time scope, existing skill are extrapolated according to local annual weather conditions, cigarette ground height above sea level height and transplanting time
In art, type of seeding is disposably to complete seeding and growing seedling in above-mentioned sowing time scope, because this seeding method easily causes early stage
The tobacco seedlings transplanted are strong sprout, strong Seedling, and what the later stage transplanted is weak seedling, sick seedling, ultimately results in the problem of tobacco production and value amount decline, this Shen
Please by the sowing using stagewise, concrete scheme is as follows：
First stage：Time is 2 months 25 ~ March 5, and sowing time span not can exceed that, this stage application rate accounts for always to be broadcast 5 days
Plant the 60% of amount.
Second stage：Time initiates 15 days after the sowing time in the first stage, and sowing time span not can exceed that 5 days, should
Stage application rate accounts for the 40% of total application rate.
Readily appreciate the scheme of above-mentioned stagewise sowing, specific embodiment is given below.
Sowing time first stage starting date is 2 months 25 days（Leap year）, then the sowing of this stage the latest must be at 2 months 29 days
Terminate before；Then second stage sowing time starting date is March 11（2 months+15 days on the 25th）, sowing the latest must be in March 15
Terminated before day.
Height above sea level is higher, and the sowing time should suitably postpone backward, such as height above sea level more than 1000 meters, sowing time first stage
1 ~ March of March 5 can be deferred to.
According to practical situation, above-mentioned stagewise sowing is not limited only to be sowed in two stages, if transplanting area very
Greatly, can also suitably increase sowing time section, such as 3 ~ 4 sections, but the limited time due to nursery and tobacco planting, segmentation
Unsuitable too many.
Type of seeding adopts single cave monoseeding, after planting uniformly sprays clear water above seedlings nursing plate so that capsuled seed
Suction moisture, shell cracks, then uniformly spread the thick substrate of one layer of 2mm～4mm in the surface of the seed and avoid spiral root phenomenon, in time
Seedlings nursing plate is moved in nursery pond.
4th, apply fertilizer
Fertilising is an important ring of floating seedlings, does not contain nutrient or content is very low, only meet tobacco seedlings the most nascent in seedling medium
Long needs, therefore should apply fertilizer, to promote tobacco seedlings robust growth in nursery pond.
Treat neat after seedling, by special fertilizer（Local department is all provided with）It is added to shape in nursery pond by after the dissolving of 150ppm concentration
Become nutritional solution, the pH value of nutritional solution requires 5.5 ~ 6.5, and the root system of tobacco seedlings grows preferably in the range of the above-mentioned faintly acid of pH value,
The nutritional solution pH value of therefore configuration also should control in the range of this.
If pH value is not inconsistent with requirement, need to carry out pH value correction, if the pH value of nutritional solution is higher than 6.5, add
The H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution corrects, if the pH value of nutritional solution is less than 5.5, adds the NaOH solution of 1mol/L to carry out school
Just.
The water level of nursery pond cannot be below 70mm to meet tobacco seedling growth, avoids adding calcium superphosphate in Xiang Miaochi simultaneously,
Note suitable water drenching, prevent stromal surface salination.
5th, temperature and humidity management and seedling growth greenhouse management
Temperature controlled most critical period is the seeding stage of seed, whole sprouts this period from being seeded into（After planting two
Week）.Low temperature is easily reduced tobacco seedlings germination percentage, and high temperature can cause tobacco seedlings dead, reduces planting percent.
Due to seedling growth greenhouse good leak tightness, therefore when temperature decrease, easily condense in ceiling in canopy and form water droplet, water drips
Easily wound down tobacco seedlings.
1st, temperature and humidity management：, therefore monitor in real time seedling growth greenhouse intrinsic parameter situation of change, carry out seedbed management work in time,
During being seeded into and emerging, film and tectorial membrane time are taken off by reasonable control so that the temperature of nursery panel surface be maintained at 20 DEG C～
25 DEG C, to obtain the emergence rate of maximum, and ensure neat and consistent of emerging；In seedling raising process, seedling growth greenhouse will be aerated dehumidifying,
The continuous dayses that relative humidity is more than 90% must not exceed 3 days.
Temperature and humidity management specifically includes：
From emerging to the cross phase, based on being incubated, in the case of fine day noon temperature height, aeration-cooling dehumidifying, control canopy
Interior temperature is less than 30 DEG C, notes epiphragma afternoon, controls temperature of shed to be not less than 13 DEG C, it is to avoid temperature drop is too big.
From cross phase to seedling, should avoid extremely high-end, with the rise of temperature, pay special attention to divulge information, temperature of shed
Not can exceed that 30 DEG C, prevent burn seedlings.
Become seedling stage, the canopy film of seedling growth greenhouse surrounding is rolled, stronger ventilation amount, make tobacco seedlings adapt to extraneous temperature and humidity bar
Part.
For avoiding water droplet to wound tobacco seedlings, in canopy also must air dehumidifying, or adopt Publication No.
Tobacco seedlings canopy drip-proof structure in CN204762490U document.
2nd, seedling growth greenhouse management：40 mesh fly nets added a cover by seedling growth greenhouse doorway and vent, prevent aphid from entering in seedling growth greenhouse, with
When note keeping environmental health in canopy, forbid that non-working person arbitrarily passes in and out seedling growth greenhouse, if people enters seedling growth greenhouse, preferably carry upper footwear
Cover or sole is carried out disinfection；If finding diseased plant, should clear up immediately and timely dispenser.
6th, leaf-cutting
In floating seedlings, tobacco seedlings density is very big, will make tobacco seedlings robust growth it is necessary to create by leaf-cutting and be conducive to tobacco seedling growth
Environment, the purpose of leaf-cutting is the relation adjusting tobacco root system and the growth of aerial partss stem and leaf.
The present invention when tobacco seedlings reach 5 leaf 1 heart leaf-cutting once, the concrete time morning dew do after tobacco seedlings blade without water
Shi Jinhang, during leaf-cutting, leaf-cutting will moderately and at the right moment, and too early and excessive leaf-cutting all can affect the growth promoter of tobacco seedlings, often cuts
Complete nursery pond leaves cutting tools should be sterilized once, it is to avoid the disease spread between tobacco seedlings, removes residual leaf after the completion of leaf-cutting in time.
Transplant and start within first 3 ~ 5 days fertile seedling exercising of cutting off the water supply, seedling exercising can promote tobacco seedlings cutin degree to increase, and strengthens resistance,
Improve transplanting survival rate, promote the early growth and quick tiller of tobacco seedlings, can be transplanted after transplanting standard when tobacco seedlings grow to.
Other ways of seedling exercising can also be：Open seedling growth greenhouse door and window or take off film or seedlings nursing plate is carried away nursery pond or will seek
Nutrient solution changes clear water etc. into.The degree of seedling exercising was wilted with tobacco seedlings noon, sooner or later can recover to be advisable.
7th, little transplantation of seedlings standard
The seedling age of seedling about 50 days, lateral root is more flourishing, cane height 30～50mm, height of seedling 60～80mm, 5～6, blade, no
Pathogenic bacteria, virus infection, colony is uniformly neat.
Each is transplanted point and formulates for Seedling scheme, and strictly supplies Seedling by scheme.Can use for before seedling and transplant spirit and thiophanate-methyl
Mixed liquor dilutes 1500 times of immersions and moistens Seedling root.By nursery materials storage in non-damageable place after terminating for Seedling, for nursery
It is necessary to cleaning out, sterilize, dry and keeping for disk, in case next time uses.
A kind of the cured tobacco seedling culturing method above present invention being provided is described in detail.The explanation of specific embodiment is
It is used to help understand the method for the present invention and its core concept.It should be pointed out that coming for those skilled in the art
Say, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be carried out with some improvement and modify, these improve and modify
Also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cured tobacco seedling culturing method is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
A, sterilization
A1, seedling growth greenhouse sterilization：First 12 ~ 16 days of sowing, the 50 times of liquid of metham-sodium with 35% are fumigated one week to seedbed spraying overlay film, canopy
Outer surrounding spreads quick lime；
A2, seedlings nursing plate sterilization：The new seedlings nursing plate using does not need to carry out disinfection, and reusable seedlings nursing plate then needs first to remove residual
Stay superincumbent substrate and tobacco seedlings residuum, be then uniformly sprinkled upon on seedlings nursing plate with 10% 500 ~ 800 times of liquid of chlorine dioxide, airtight 7
~ 10 days；300 times of liquid of thiophanate-methyl with 58% are uniformly sprinkled upon on floating disc, airtight 7 ~ 10 days；Clear water is used after process to be sterilized
Clean up, you can sowing；
A3, nursery pond sterilization：First 7 ~ 10 days of sowing, water per ton is sprinkled in nursery pond with 15 ~ 20g powder bleaching powder is directly dry,
Agitation as appropriate water overflows by chlorine, seals seedling growth greenhouse simultaneously；
B, substrate filling
First seedling medium is poured on the Polypropylence Sheet of cleaning, spills wet with water purification it is ensured that compound seedling medium water content is 55% ~ 65%
（Mass percent）, reach agglomerating, the tactile state dissipating held, then hole seedling medium being filled up the seedlings nursing plate of sterilization
In, after described seedlings nursing plate is packed full with seedling medium, in 160 ~ 240mm altitude range freely falling body 1～2 time, so that seedling medium is filled
It is uniformly elastic suitable to fill out, and is filled with seedling medium simultaneously and scrapes off the unnecessary seedling medium in top layer, makes that loads in seedlings nursing plate hole to educate
The smooth no neglected loading of Seedling stromal surface；
C, sowing
Conventionally extrapolate the sowing time, and carry out the seed sowing of first stage within this sowing time, first
Carry out the seed sowing of second stage in 10 ~ 15 days sowing time in stage, adopt single cave monoseeding during sowing, after planting educating
Uniformly clear water is sprayed so that capsuled seed suctions moisture, shell cracks, and then uniformly spreads one layer 2 in the surface of the seed above seed plate
The thick substrate of～4mm, moves to seedlings nursing plate in nursery pond in time；
D, fertilising
Treat neat after seedling, special fertilizer is pressed the dissolving of 150ppm concentration and adds nursery pond to form nutritional solution, the pH value of nutritional solution requires
5.5 ~ 6.5, if pH value is not inconsistent with requirement, need to carry out pH value correction, the water level of nursery pond is not less than 70mm, avoid simultaneously to
Miao Chizhong adds calcium superphosphate, and suitable water drenching；
E, temperature and humidity management and seedling growth greenhouse management
E1, temperature and humidity management：Monitor in real time seedling growth greenhouse intrinsic parameter situation of change, carries out in time seedbed management work, from being seeded into
During emerging, film and tectorial membrane time are taken off so that the temperature of nursery panel surface is maintained at 20～25 DEG C by reasonable control；In nursery
During, seedling growth greenhouse will be aerated dehumidifying, and the continuous dayses that relative humidity is more than 90% must not exceed 3 days；
E2, seedling growth greenhouse management：40 mesh fly nets added a cover by seedling growth greenhouse doorway and vent, note keeping environmental health in canopy simultaneously,
If finding diseased plant, should clear up immediately and timely dispenser；
F, leaf-cutting
When tobacco seedlings reach 5 leaf 1 heart, once, the concrete time is carried out when morning dew does rear tobacco seedlings blade without water for leaf-cutting,
During leaf-cutting, often cut nursery pond leaves cutting tools and should sterilize once；
Transplant and start within first 3 ~ 5 days fertile seedling exercising of cutting off the water supply, can be transplanted after transplanting standard when tobacco seedlings grow to；
G, little transplantation of seedlings standard
The seedling age of seedling about 50 days, lateral root is flourishing, cane height 30～50mm, height of seedling 60～80mm, and 5～6, blade is anosis
Bacterium, virus infection, colony is uniformly neat.
2. cured tobacco seedling culturing method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in step C, first stage seed is sowed
Time was located between 2 month 25 ~ March 5, and the time of second stage seed sowing is sowed 15 days after starting date in the first stage,
The sowing time span in each stage not can exceed that 5 days simultaneously.
3. cured tobacco seedling culturing method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in step D, if the pH value of nutritional solution is high
In 6.5, then add the H of 0.5mol/L2SO4Solution is corrected, if the pH value of nutritional solution is less than 5.5, adds 1mol/L's
NaOH solution is corrected.
4. cured tobacco seedling culturing method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in step E, temperature and humidity management includes：
From emerging to the cross phase, based on being incubated, in the case of fine day noon temperature height, it is aerated dehumidifying of lowering the temperature, controls
Temperature of shed is less than 30 DEG C, notes epiphragma afternoon, controls temperature of shed to be not less than 13 DEG C；
From cross phase to seedling, should avoid extremely high-end, control ventilation to make temperature of shed be less than 30 DEG C；
Become seedling stage, the canopy film of seedling growth greenhouse surrounding is rolled, stronger ventilation amount, make tobacco seedlings adapt to extraneous temperature and humidity condition.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610734119.0A CN106386033A (en) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-08-28 | Seedling raising method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN201610734119.0A CN106386033A (en) | 2016-08-28 | 2016-08-28 | Seedling raising method for flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN (1) | CN106386033A (en) |
Cited By (5)
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| CN107124975A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-05 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | The tobacco cultivation method that a kind of frame bed nursery combination Wen Daoshi is transplanted |
| CN107409670A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司常宁市分公司 | A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing pulls out method for transplanting under plant film |
| CN108617485A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of float seedling method suitable for sugar grass cultivation |
| CN112205265A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-12 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for improving flue-cured tobacco breeding process and efficiency |
| CN114885786A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国烟草总公司海南省公司 | Seedling culture method for culturing strong cigar seedlings at high temperature in early stage |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107124975A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-05 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | The tobacco cultivation method that a kind of frame bed nursery combination Wen Daoshi is transplanted |
| CN107409670A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司常宁市分公司 | A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing pulls out method for transplanting under plant film |
| CN108617485A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of float seedling method suitable for sugar grass cultivation |
| CN112205265A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-12 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for improving flue-cured tobacco breeding process and efficiency |
| CN114885786A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国烟草总公司海南省公司 | Seedling culture method for culturing strong cigar seedlings at high temperature in early stage |
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