CN106338832A - Single holographic diffraction optical waveguide lens and 3D display device - Google Patents
Single holographic diffraction optical waveguide lens and 3D display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106338832A CN106338832A CN201610983962.2A CN201610983962A CN106338832A CN 106338832 A CN106338832 A CN 106338832A CN 201610983962 A CN201610983962 A CN 201610983962A CN 106338832 A CN106338832 A CN 106338832A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single holographic diffraction optical waveguide lens and a 3D display device using the lens. The single holographic diffraction optical waveguide lens comprises a diffraction optical waveguide lens unit; the diffraction optical waveguide lens unit comprises an optical waveguide and three functional areas arranged in the upper or lower surface of the optical waveguide; and the three functional areas, namely, the first, second and third functional areas, are arranged in different positions of the same planar space of the optical waveguide, used to output an image light bean to the human eyes, and are provided with holographic diffraction gratings respectively. The space multiplexing single holographic diffraction optical waveguide lens is provided with the multiple functional areas creatively, the single waveguide can satisfy requirements for a near 3D display system, and compared with a multi-layer holographic diffracted waveguide lens, the lens of the invention is much thinner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to display device technical field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass and adopting
Three-dimensional display apparatus with this fiber waveguide eyeglass.
Background technology
With the development of virtual reality and augmented reality, near-to-eye display device is rapidly developed, such as Google
Google glass and Microsoft hololens.The near-to-eye of augmented reality show be a kind of by optical field imaging in realistic space
Technology, and virtual and real operation can be taken into account simultaneously.Entered using traditional optical optical waveguide components coupling image light
The mode of human eye has been used, including using prism, reflecting mirror, semi-transparent semi-reflecting smooth fiber waveguide, holography and diffraction grating.Light wave
Leading display system is to realize light wave transmissions using total reflection principle, in conjunction with diffraction element, realizes the orientation conduction of light, and then will
Image light guides, to human eye, make user can see the image of projection.
The display device of the near-to-eye augmented reality of main flow adopts fiber waveguide principle mostly at present.For example, hololens is
Image on lcos is coupled to fiber waveguide through three holographic gratings, is transmitted respectively by three fiber waveguides, finally in human eye
Dead ahead passes through corresponding holographic grating coupling output, projects to human eye, and in the way of multilayer lightguide, realizes colored throwing
Shadow.Cn201620173623.3 proposes a kind of near-eye display system and wears display device, and light source inputs illumination to light-conducting system
Light beam, light beam is transmitted extending the hologram being irradiated to shown by image display system by light-conducting system, is swashed with transmission mode
Hologram alive.Microsoft proposes to carry out display efficiency optimization using colour filter in patent w02014/210349 a1, by reducing extremely
The bandwidth of the color narrowing bandwidth and neighbouring color in visible spectrum is simultaneously coupled to same by a kind of color bandwidth of few color
Layer diffraction fiber waveguide.However, in the effect realizing the colored display of near-to-eye and becoming present aspect, still lack simple, inexpensive
Implementation.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of hologram diffraction waveguide eyeglass and the color three dimension display using this eyeglass fill
Put, by the spatial reuse of the nanometer grating pixel in monolayer waveguide, realize simple, inexpensive near-to-eye three dimensional display.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, including diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit；
Described diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit include one layer of fiber waveguide and be arranged at fiber waveguide upper surface or lower surface three
Individual functional region；
Described three functional regions are arranged at same plane diverse location spatially in fiber waveguide, the respectively first work(
Energy property region, the second functional region and the 3rd functional region；Three functional regions for conducting image light beam export to
Human eye, three functional areas are equipped with holographic diffraction grating；External image light beam is incident through the first functional region, is coupled into
Enter fiber waveguide, in the presence of fiber waveguide total reflection, propagate to the second functional region, through the second functional region diffraction,
Fiber waveguide total reflection in the presence of, continue to the 3rd functional region propagate, after through the 3rd functional region diffraction, to outside
Space exit image light beam.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention proposes a kind of monolithic hologram diffraction waveguide eyeglass of employing spatial reuse, every layer of diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass
, only with monolayer waveguide eyeglass, the setting of multiple functional regions of creativeness is so that can be met using monolithic waveguide for unit
The requirement of nearly eye three-dimensional display system, compares multiple dielectric layer waveguide eyeglass, the thickness of this programme eyeglass is significantly thinning.Make realization letter
Single, low cost builds three-dimensional display system and is possibly realized.
Further, three functional regions all include multiple construction unit pixels, and each construction unit pixel is at least wrapped
Include three structural sub-units pixels, described structural sub-units pixel is used for, Mei Yijie corresponding respectively one by one with each primary color image light
Structure subelement pixel only and corresponding primary color image optical coupling, be totally reflected by fiber waveguide and three functional regions diffraction, light
Line, in the 3rd functional region coupling output to human eye, realizes the colored display of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides, can achieve colored display using single diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit, and
Realize each primary color image optical coupling functional region not interfereing with each other, output light merges realizes colored display.
Further, structural sub-units pixel is three, and three structural sub-units pixels are respectively red subelement picture
Plain, green subelement pixel and blue subelement pixel, red subelement pixel and red light band image optical coupling, green
Image light subelement pixel and green light band image optical coupling, blue image photon unit pixel and blue optical band figure
As optical coupling.
In actual applications, image light is typically made up of red-green-blue image light, when external devices are (as image generates
Device) image light that produces is coupled into the first functional region, and blue and green image light is incident to red image light subelement
During pixel, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for fiber waveguide inner total reflection requirement, thus transmission in fiber waveguide cannot be continued；Red and green is schemed
When being incident to blue image photon unit pixel as light, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for fiber waveguide inner total reflection requirement, thus cannot continue
Transmit in fiber waveguide；When blueness and red image light are incident to green image photon unit pixel, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for light wave
Lead inner total reflection requirement, thus transmission in fiber waveguide cannot be continued；Therefore each structural sub-units pixel has corresponding color
Image light, will not form light interference, be totally reflected by fiber waveguide and functional region diffraction, light is in the 3rd functional region
Coupling output, to human eye, realizes the colored display of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit.Single diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass list
All containing construction unit pixel, the diffraction grating in its unit pixel does not interfere with each other three functional regions of unit, red image
The structural sub-units pixel that light passes through corresponding red image light realizes total reflection, and green image light passes through corresponding green image light
Structural sub-units pixel realizes total reflection, and due to total reflection effect, blue image light passes through the structon of corresponding red image light
The angle of diffraction that unit produces is unsatisfactory for total reflection and requires, and transmits waveguide, therefore there is not the interference between light.
In the same manner, if the image light that external devices produce is made up of the light of four primary or other quantity and Different lightwave section
When it is only necessary to build the structural sub-units pixel of respective amount and diffraction relation, the image light of each optical band is in fiber waveguide
It does not interfere with each other during interior propagation, finally show in human eye combined color image.
Further, the construction unit pixel of described first functional region is made up of the grating with wavelength selectivity.
Further, the described grating with wavelength selectivity includes holographic body grating or skew ray grid.
Further, described holographic diffraction grating is nanometer diffraction grating, the cycle of described holographic diffraction grating and orientation
Determined by the wavelength of incident ray, angle of incidence, the angle of diffraction of diffracted ray and diffraction azimuth.
Further, the size of described structural sub-units pixel is 5 microns -200 microns.
Further, above-mentioned monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass is made up of a diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of three-dimensional display apparatus, and including image display device, and left and right two aforesaid monolithics are complete
Breath diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass；Left and right monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass corresponds to left eye and right eye respectively, for transmission ray extremely
Right and left eyes；Described image display device includes light source, projection optical system and image information apparatus, for left and right two lists
Piece hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass output image light.
Further, described image display device includes left-eye image photogenerated device and eye image photogenerated device,
Generate left-eye image light and eye image light respectively, described left-eye image is optically coupled to left monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass,
Output coupling light is to left eye；Eye image is optically coupled to right monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, output coupling light to right eye, a left side
Right eye is simultaneously received output image light, assumes color three dimension in human eye far ahead and shows.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme in embodiment of the present invention technology, below will be in the description of embodiment technology
The accompanying drawing of required use be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some are real
Apply example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of the monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c is the planar structure schematic diagram of the functional region of single diffraction waveguide eyeglass of the present invention；
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b respectively illustrates the beam propagation schematic diagram of xz plane and x/y plane；
Fig. 4 c is the oblique raster generalized section of the xz plane of first functional region of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the section beam propagation schematic diagram of first functional region to the second functional region of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the section beam propagation schematic diagram of second functional region of the present invention to the 3rd functional region；
Fig. 7 is the colored cross-sectional view of second functional region of the present invention to the 3rd functional region；
Fig. 8 is that colored cross-sectional view realized by the monolithic hologram diffraction waveguide eyeglass of the optimization of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the planar structure schematic diagram of the colored filter of the present invention；
Figure 10 is a kind of planar structure schematic diagram of three-dimensional display apparatus of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation description is it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, comprising: include diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit；Described diffraction fiber waveguide
Three functional regions that lens unit includes one layer of fiber waveguide 130 and is arranged at fiber waveguide upper surface or lower surface；As Fig. 2 institute
Show；Described three functional regions are arranged at same plane diverse location spatially in fiber waveguide, the respectively first feature
Region 201, the second functional region 202 and the 3rd functional region 203；Three functional regions are defeated for conducting image light beam
Go out to human eye, three functional areas are equipped with holographic diffraction grating；In actual applications, external image light beam (is for example schemed
The image light with image information sending as generating means) incident through the first functional region 201, it is coupled into fiber waveguide 130,
In the presence of fiber waveguide 130 total reflection, propagate to the second functional region 202, through the second functional region 202 diffraction,
Fiber waveguide 130 total reflection in the presence of, continue to the 3rd feature area 203 domain propagate, after spread out through the 3rd functional region 203
Penetrate, to space outerpace exit image light beam.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention proposes a kind of monolithic hologram diffraction waveguide eyeglass of employing spatial reuse, multiple features of creativeness
The setting in region, so that can meet the requirement of nearly eye three-dimensional display system using monolithic waveguide, compares multiple dielectric layer waveguide mirror
Piece, the thickness of this programme eyeglass is significantly thinning.Simple, the inexpensive three-dimensional display system that builds of realization is made to be possibly realized.Single spread out
Penetrate fiber waveguide lens unit can based on three-dimensional display apparatus part independence production and sales it is also possible in order to produce three
Dimension display device.
In certain embodiments, show to realize color three dimension, three functional regions all include multiple construction units
Pixel, each construction unit pixel at least includes three structural sub-units pixels, and described structural sub-units pixel is used for and each base
Color image light corresponds to one by one respectively, and each structural sub-units pixel only and corresponding primary color image optical coupling, is all-trans by fiber waveguide
Penetrate and three functional regions diffraction, light the 3rd functional region coupling output to human eye, realize monolithic hologram diffraction
The colored display of fiber waveguide eyeglass.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides, can achieve colored display using single diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit, and
Realize each primary color image optical coupling functional region not interfereing with each other, output light merges realizes colored display.
For example, structural sub-units pixel is three, and three structural sub-units pixels are respectively red subelement pixel, green
Dice unit pixel and blue subelement pixel, red subelement pixel and red light band image optical coupling, green image
Photon unit pixel and green light band image optical coupling, blue image photon unit pixel and blue light band image light
Coupling.
In actual applications, image light is typically made up of red-green-blue image light, when external devices are (as image generates
Device) image light that produces is coupled into the first functional region, and blue and green image light is incident to red image light subelement
During pixel, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for fiber waveguide inner total reflection requirement, thus transmission in fiber waveguide cannot be continued；Red and green is schemed
When being incident to blue image photon unit pixel as light, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for fiber waveguide inner total reflection requirement, thus cannot continue
Transmit in fiber waveguide；When blueness and red image light are incident to green image photon unit pixel, the angle of diffraction is unsatisfactory for light wave
Lead inner total reflection requirement, thus transmission in fiber waveguide cannot be continued；Therefore each structural sub-units pixel has corresponding color
Image light, will not form light interference, be totally reflected by fiber waveguide and functional region diffraction, light is in the 3rd functional region
Coupling output, to human eye, realizes the colored display of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit.Single diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass list
All containing construction unit pixel, the diffraction grating in its unit pixel does not interfere with each other three functional regions of unit, red image
The structural sub-units pixel that light passes through corresponding red image light realizes total reflection, and green image light passes through corresponding green image light
Structural sub-units pixel realizes total reflection, and due to total reflection effect, blue image light passes through the structon of corresponding red image light
The angle of diffraction that unit produces is unsatisfactory for total reflection and requires, and transmits waveguide, therefore there is not the interference between light.
In the same manner, if the image light that external devices produce is made up of the light of four primary or other quantity and Different lightwave section
When it is only necessary to build the structural sub-units pixel of respective amount and diffraction relation, the image light of each optical band is in fiber waveguide
It does not interfere with each other during interior propagation, finally show in human eye combined color image.
In certain embodiments, the shape orientation of three functional regions of described fiber waveguide eyeglass is different, the first function
Property region shape be circular or rectangle, the second functional region is shaped as triangle or rectangle, and the 3rd functional region is
Rectangle.
In certain embodiments, the construction unit pixel of described first functional region includes holographic grating or skew ray grid,
There is wavelength selectivity.Light splitting can be carried out using skew ray grid, by controlling angle of inclination and the cycle of skew ray grid, realize different face
The light of color wave band passes through counter structure subelement.
In actual applications, described holographic diffraction grating can be made as a nanometer diffraction grating, the cycle of nanometer diffraction grating
And orientation is determined by the wavelength of incident ray, angle of incidence, the angle of diffraction of diffracted ray and diffraction azimuth.
In actual applications, the size of described structural sub-units pixel is 5 microns -200 microns, can select this as needed
Any value of 5 microns and 200 microns is comprised in numerical intervals.
In actual applications, aforementioned monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass can be by a diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit structure
Become.Setting multiple (only taking the three as a example) functional region of the invention, corresponding to entering of image light or lighting source
Penetrate change, emergent light the convergence layer virtual three-dimensional figure in the space before human eye of coupling, the light propagation angle within waveguide
Picture, so both can achieve the three dimensional display application of monolithic waveguiding structure.
The present invention also provides a kind of three-dimensional display apparatus, and including image display device, and left and right two above-mentioned monolithics are complete
Breath diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass；Left and right monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass corresponds to left eye and right eye respectively, for transmission ray extremely
Right and left eyes；Described image display device includes light source, projection optical system and image information apparatus, for left and right two lists
Piece hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass output image light.
In certain embodiments, the light source of described display device includes red, green, blue three primary colours point source or directional light
Source；Or it is, white light point source or source of parallel light.
In certain embodiments, described image massaging device is set at least a piece of display element, described display element bag
Include lcos display screen and dmd digital micromirror array.
In certain embodiments, described image display device includes left-eye image photogenerated device and eye image photogenerated
Device, generates left-eye image light and eye image light respectively, and described left-eye image is optically coupled to left monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide
Eyeglass, output coupling light is to left eye；Eye image is optically coupled to right monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, and output coupling light is to the right side
Eye, right and left eyes are simultaneously received output image light, assume three dimensional display in human eye far ahead.
When using can achieve the colored monolithic hologram diffraction waveguide eyeglass showing, achievable color three dimension shows.
For example, the three-dimensional display apparatus of a kind of hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass and video generation device combination composition, holographic
Diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass is made up of a diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit, and with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit
Cross-sectional view, image light 102 sends from the display screen 101 as video generation device, possesses certain angle of flare, passes through
Lens 110 are focused into coupled light beam 103, and coupled light beam 103 includes redgreenblue image light and (is certainly not limited to RGB three
Primary colours, according to actual needs or other color scheme), comprise color image information.Coupled light beam 103 is expanded with certain
Scattered angle is coupled into fiber waveguide 130, and fiber waveguide 130 upper surface or lower surface (figure is not drawn into) have functional structure region, light
Bundle is coupled to fiber waveguide, and by total reflection and diffraction, orientation output image light (140,141 and 142) is to human eye 150.Fig. 1
In, 120 is the holographic grating of the first functional areas, and 121 is the holographic grating of the 3rd functional areas.
With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of the diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit shown in Fig. 1；In fiber waveguide 130
There is functional region (the first functional region 201, the second functional region 202 and the of three diverse location shapes in surface
Three functional regions 203), coupled light beam 103 first projects the first functional region 201, according to its effect, the first feature area
Domain 201 is also referred to as coupling function region 201, and coupled light beam 103 enters to inject fiber waveguide through the first functional region 201
After 130, through fiber waveguide 130 total reflection effect, coupled light beam enters the second functional region 202, spatially changes light beam trend,
Effect through the second functional region 202 after, by beam direction the 3rd functional region 203, the 3rd functional region 203
Referred to as output function region, it is with certain orientation output beam.
Specifically, Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c is all (three kinds of the planar structure schematic diagram of the first functional region 201 shown in Fig. 2
Different embodiment example)；The detail plan structural representation of the first functional region 201 is only drawn in these examples, the
Being not drawn into of two functional regions 202 and the 3rd functional region 203, its concrete distribution refers to the first functional region 201；
In Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c, the first functional region 201 includes multiple construction units 301 (being also called construction unit pixel), structure list
Unit 301 includes multiple structural sub-units (being also called structural sub-units pixel), in the example shown in Fig. 3 a, each construction unit
Including three structural sub-units, these three structural sub-units are respectively red image light subelement 302a, green image photon list
First 302b and blue image light subelement 302c.It should be noted that the present embodiment only illustrates the horizontal arrangement mode of 1*3.?
Can there are other multiple arrangement modes, as shown in Figure 3 c, in construction unit pixel 301 in Fig. 3 c, also comprise three structural sub-units
Pixel, the difference of structural sub-units 302a, Fig. 3 c and Fig. 3 a that such as wherein dotted line indicates be holographic grating and abscissa it
Between angle different.In Fig. 3 b, three structural sub-units in construction unit 301 are in that isosceles triangle arranges, and wherein dotted line indicates
Structural sub-units 302a.According to above-mentioned principle, construction unit pixel and structural sub-units pixel can be any row as needed
Row, as long as it meets the actual techniques of three dimensional display require.
In the present embodiment, carry out mating the image being combined into three-dimensional display apparatus with this hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit
The light source of generating means includes red, green, blue three primary colours point source or source of parallel light, or white light point source or source of parallel light.
The shape orientation of three functional regions of fiber waveguide 130 is different, and the first functional region 201 shape can be circular or side
Shape, the second functional region 202 shape can be triangle or square, and the 3rd functional region 203 can be square, and does not limit to
In described shape.Described functional region can be located at eyeglass 130 upper surface or lower surface, and the construction unit of each functional region is equal
Including diffraction grating, possess diffraction and direction-pointing function.Above-mentioned diffraction grating can be nanometer diffraction grating, can adopt holographic interference skill
Art, photoetching technique or nanometer embossing are prepared from.
Image light is transmitted to the second functional region 202 from fiber waveguide eyeglass 130 first functional region 201, along second
Functional region 202 Directional Extension light beam；Image light is transmitted to the 3rd function from light waveguide-layer 130 second functional region 202
Property region 203, along the 3rd functional region 203 Directional Extension light beam.
In addition, red image light subelement 302a, green image light subelement 302b and blue image light subelement 302c
Including holographic diffraction grating, and the cycle of three subelement holographic diffraction gratings and the angle of orientation by angle of incidence, incident orientation angle, spread out
Firing angle and diffraction azimuth determine.The distribution of the structural sub-units according to the first functional region 302a, determines 302b further
Distribution with the structural sub-units of 302c.
Nanometer holographic diffraction grating is the nanometer grating of nano-grade size, and each nanometer grating described is a nanometer
Grating pixel, each multi-view image is assembled by multiple nanometer grating pixels and is formed, the corresponding nanometer grating pixel of each multi-view image
It is arranged on construction unit by way of nested against one another；
According to grating equation, the cycle of nanometer grating pixel, the angle of orientation meet following relation:
(1)tanφ1=sin φ/(cos φ-n sin θ (λ/λ))
(2)sin2(θ1)=(λ/λ)2+(n sinθ)2-2n sinθcosφ(λ/λ)
Wherein, light incides x/y plane, θ at an angle1And φ1Represent the angle of diffraction and the diffraction of diffraction light successively
The azimuth of light, θ and λ represents angle of incidence and the wavelength of light source successively, ￡ and φ represent successively nanometer diffraction grating cycle and
The angle of orientation, n represents light wave refractive index in media as well, and wherein, the angle of diffraction is diffracted ray and z-axis positive direction angle；Azimuth
For diffracted ray and x-axis positive direction angle；Angle of incidence is incident ray and z-axis positive direction angle；The angle of orientation is grooved direction and y
Axle positive direction angle.
In the present embodiment, the diffraction grating of the construction unit of the functional region of fiber waveguide eyeglass 130 does not interfere with each other, red
The structural sub-units 302a that color image light passes through corresponding red image light realizes total reflection, and blue image light passes through corresponding blue figure
Structural sub-units 302c as light realizes total reflection, and the structural sub-units 302b that green image light passes through corresponding green image light is real
Now it is totally reflected, due to total reflection effect, blue image light passes through spreading out of the structure 302a subelement generation of corresponding red image light
Firing angle is unsatisfactory for total reflection and requires, and transmits fiber waveguide 130；Green color image light passes through structure 302a of corresponding red image light
The angle of diffraction that subelement produces is unsatisfactory for total reflection and requires, and transmits fiber waveguide 130, in the same manner, green image light and red image
Light passes through blue image light subelement 302c and red image light and blue image light passes through green image light subelement 302b
Do not produce additional effect, there is not the interference between light.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit, only with monolayer fiber waveguide spatial reuse,
Image three-colo(u)r optical coupling functional region does not interfere with each other, and output light merges realizes colored display, and technology of preparing is easier to.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b respectively illustrates the beam propagation schematic diagram of xz plane and x/y plane.Light is incident with θ (x) angle
Functional region 201, is coupled into fiber waveguide 130 with β (x) angle, and the angle of diffraction meets fiber waveguide inner total reflection requirement, φ (x)
For diffraction azimuth, for changing radiation direction in fiber waveguide.Light (light beam) is propagated from the first functional region 201, passes through
Second functional region 202, blazes abroad from the 3rd functional region 203, and three functional region position phase sums are 0, do not deposit
In phase change.The aforementioned grating equation of diffraction grating subelement design considerationss of functional region, by design screen periods and
Orientation, carries out light orientation conduction.
Specifically, Fig. 4 c shows the structural representation of the skew ray grid of the xz plane of the first functional region；In the first work(
Energy property region, can carry out light splitting using skew ray grid, by controlling angle of inclination and the cycle of skew ray grid, realize different colours wave band
Light pass through counter structure subelement.
Further understand light conduction process in fiber waveguide 130, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively illustrates in xz plane, light 501
With 502 with different incidence angles incidence the first functional region 201, conduct in fiber waveguide to the second functional region 202 and
In yz plane, the second functional region output light 601 and 602 is conducted to the 3rd functional region 202.
Specifically, as shown in figure 5, image light sends from display screen 101, possess certain angle of flare, focus on through lens 110
Coupled light beam 501 and 502.With certain angle of flare coupling optical waveguide 130, β 1 (x) and β 2 (x) are light beams to light beam 501 and 502 respectively
502 and 501 angles of diffraction producing through the first functional region 201 diffraction, light 510 and 511 meets in fiber waveguide and is all-trans
Penetrate, its corresponding total reflection light beam 512 and 513 reflexes to the second functional region 202；As shown in fig. 6, light beam expands in the x-direction
Exhibition；γ 1 (x) and γ 2 (x) is the diffraction-type angle of reflection through the second functional region 202 for the light beam 502 and 501 respectively, meets light
Waveguide 130 total reflection condition, light 601 and 602 total reflection light 603 and 604 is coupled to the 3rd functional region 203, light beam
Extend along the y-axis direction.
In the present embodiment, the spatial reuse arrangement of the structural sub-units of functional region, can cleverly be spread out using grating
Penetrate equation, do not disturb from each other, conduct in order in fiber waveguide, final coupled light beam to human eye, realize colored display.
Specifically, Fig. 7 shows the monolithic colour section of the second functional region 202 and the 3rd functional region 203
Structural representation；701st, 702 and 703 is redgreenblue optical grating construction of the second functional region 202 spatial reuse respectively
Unit, 704,705 and 706 is the redgreenblue optical grating construction subelement of the 3rd functional region 203 spatial reuse respectively.Logical
Cross spatial reuse structural sub-units, realize color of light spatial transmission, do not interfere with each other.
Optimize color effect further, Fig. 8 shows that a kind of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit of optimization is realized
Colored cross-sectional view；Light 102 sends from the display screen 101 of video generation device, is coupled into light through lens 110
Bundle 103, light beam 103 first passes through colored filter 801, carries out space color separation, is further coupled to fiber waveguide 130.By total reflection and
Diffraction, orientation output image light (140,141 and 142) is to human eye 150.In Fig. 8,120 is the holographic optical of the first functional areas
Grid, 121 is the holographic grating of the 3rd functional areas.
Specifically, Fig. 9 shows the planar structure schematic diagram of colored filter 801；Wherein, colored filter 801 is by many
Individual construction unit 901 forms, and construction unit includes multiple structural sub-units (902a, 902b and 902c), can be redness here
Subelement 902a, green subelement 902b and red subelement 902c；Red subelement 902a is single with red image photo structure
First 302a corresponds to, and green subelement 902b is correspondings with green image photo structure subelement 302b, blue subelement 902c and blueness
Image light structural sub-units 302c corresponds to；After colored filter 801, spatially color separation enters back into fiber waveguide to image light 103
130, so that different colours image light Perfect Matchings functional region structural sub-units, optimize light conduction further, it is to avoid
Interference between light, accordingly, the second functional region 202 and the 3rd functional region 203 also with colored filter 801 it
Between structural coupling.
When constituting near-to-eye three-dimensional display apparatus, the above-mentioned diffraction waveguide mirror of two panels can be added using image display device
Blade unit composition left and right hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, left and right hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass corresponds to left eye and right eye respectively, uses
In transmission ray to right and left eyes；Described image display device includes light source, optical system and image information apparatus, for output figure
As light.Wherein, image information apparatus are set at least a piece of display element, and display element includes lcos display screen and dmd numeral
Micro mirror array.Display screen 101 exit image light, focuses on through lens 110 (optical system), and image light is coupled to fiber waveguide 130,
Through fiber waveguide and optical grating diffraction, export to human eye 150.It is symmetrical arranged the colour display device of corresponding right and left eyes, can make simultaneously
Human eye receives the coupling image light from corresponding hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, using visual disparity, realizes three dimensional display.As figure
Shown in 10.120 is the holographic grating of the first functional areas, and 121 is the holographic grating of the 3rd functional areas.1001 represent corresponding to left eye
Partial devices, the partial devices outside in figure 1001 scope shown of circle correspond to the partial devices of right eye.
In above-mentioned example, that is, illustrate the structural principle of hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, also illustrated how with reference to figure
As display device builds three-dimensional display apparatus, it is three-dimensional that researcher in this field can carry out near-to-eye according to the above completely
The industrial design of display device and production, hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass disclosed by the invention can also individually carry out industrial metaplasia
Produce and and the part sale as three-dimensional display apparatus.
The three-dimensional display apparatus that the present embodiment provides, light is directly in monolayer color hologram diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit
Coupling conduction, using the structure of complicated fiber waveguide, and need not adopt spatial multiplexing mode distribution structure subelement, need not adopt
Realize colour with double-deck even multilayer lightguide come color separation is guide-lighting, on preparation technology and technical costss advantageously.
In this specification, each embodiment is described by the way of going forward one by one, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment similar portion mutually referring to.State in the disclosed embodiments
Bright, so that professional and technical personnel in the field is capable of or use the present invention.To multiple modifications of these embodiments to this area
Will be apparent from for professional and technical personnel, generic principles defined herein can be in the spirit without departing from the present invention
Or in the case of scope, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will not be limited and these enforcements shown in this article
Example, and it is to fit to the wide scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass, including diffraction fiber waveguide lens unit；It is characterized in that, described diffraction light
Waveguide lens unit includes one layer of fiber waveguide medium and is arranged at the functional region in fiber waveguide；Each described functional region
Comprise multiple construction unit pixels, each described construction unit pixel comprises at least two structural sub-units pixels.
2. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described at least two structons
Unit pixel is different structural sub-units pixels.
3. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described functional region includes
First functional region, the second functional region and the 3rd functional region；External image light beam enters through the first functional region
Penetrate, be coupled into fiber waveguide, in the presence of fiber waveguide total reflection, propagate to the second functional region, through the second feature area
Domain diffraction, fiber waveguide total reflection in the presence of, continue to the 3rd functional region propagate, after spread out through the 3rd functional region
Penetrate, to space outerpace exit image light beam.
4. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described first functional region
Construction unit pixel be made up of the grating with wavelength selectivity.
5. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described have wavelength selectivity
Grating include holographic body grating or skew ray grid.
6. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that structural sub-units pixel is three
Individual, and three structural sub-units pixels are respectively red subelement pixel, green subelement pixel and blue subelement pixel.
7. monolithic hologram diffraction fiber waveguide eyeglass according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described structural sub-units pixel
Size at 5 microns -200 microns.
8. a kind of color three dimension display device is it is characterised in that comprise the monolithic hologram diffraction light wave as described in claim 1-7
Lead eyeglass.
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