CN106288512A - A kind of solar heat chemistry cooling heating and power generation system - Google Patents
A kind of solar heat chemistry cooling heating and power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106288512A CN106288512A CN201610825826.0A CN201610825826A CN106288512A CN 106288512 A CN106288512 A CN 106288512A CN 201610825826 A CN201610825826 A CN 201610825826A CN 106288512 A CN106288512 A CN 106288512A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 172
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of solar heat chemistry cooling heating and power generation system, chemically based solar energy and Fossil fuel can be carried out cascade utilization principle comprehensive with physical energy complementary utilization, internal combustion engine high temperature section smoke discharging residual heat is stored with the form of conduction oil sensible heat, when the supplied synthesis gas of solar heat chemical reaction units can not meet user's request, the chemical regenerative cycle using conduction oil sensible heat to drive supplements synthesis tolerance；Improve the acting ability of solar energy and middle-low temperature heat, reduce available loss of energy in fuel combustion process, reduce solar energy interval, the unstability impact on solar energy utilization system operation stability to a certain extent, improve the operational reliability of system, achieve efficiently storing of solar energy, and the flexible modulation of output ratio hot and cold, electric, it is possible to meet user's real-time change with can demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal power generation and energy, in particular to a solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system.
Background
Along with the progress of society and the improvement of living standard of people, the demand of the world for energy is gradually increased. However, with the main body of energy consumption, fossil energy is increasingly exhausted, the contradiction between supply and demand of world energy is increasingly prominent. Meanwhile, the large consumption of fossil energy causes serious environmental problems and threatens the living environment of human beings.
The total energy consumption of China is increased from 15.1 hundred million tons of standard coal in 2001 to 42.6 hundred million tons of standard coal in 2014, and is increased by 182.1 percent compared with the total energy consumption of China. Wherein, the fossil energy accounts for 89.3% of 2014 from 92.5% in 2001. In the face of increasing energy demand, while improving energy utilization efficiency, the development of renewable energy sources should be increased, and the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption is gradually increased.
Solar energy belongs to renewable energy sources and has the advantages of rich resources, free charge, no pollution and the like. Solar energy is a rich clean energy source. The total amount of solar energy projected onto the earth is high, and the total energy radiated to the earth per second is equivalent to 500 ten thousand tons of standard coal. Wherein, the annual sunshine of 2/3 China is more than 2000 hours in China, and the annual average radiation quantity exceeds 0.6GJ/cm2Particularly, the annual average sunshine duration in northwest and Qinghai-Tibet plateau is more than 2200 hours. At present, solar energy is mainly utilized in a solar photovoltaic or solar thermal mode. Solar photovoltaic power generation refers to a technology for directly converting solar energy into electric energy based on a photovoltaic effect. The traditional solar photo-thermal utilization mainly heats a circulating working medium by solar radiation energy obtained by a heat collecting device and drives a power device to generate electricity. A plurality of groove type and tower type solar photo-thermal power stations are put into commercial operation at present all over the world. Solar tower Solar test plants in the United states, Solar Two tower Solar test plants in the United states, Julich plants in Germany, and the like, have been commercially operated.
Because solar energy has the characteristics of low energy density, intermittence, obvious seasonal variation and the like, the conventional solar photo-thermal power generation system can continuously and stably meet the energy utilization requirement of a user only by introducing an energy storage unit. At present, solar photo-thermal power generation is still limited by factors of poor operation stability, high power generation cost and immature solar energy storage technology, so that the solar energy can not completely replace fossil energy within a long period of time.
The solar thermochemistry mainly utilizes the thermochemical reaction process to collect the sunCan be converted into chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuel. In the solar thermochemical process, on one hand, the medium-low temperature solar heat energy is stored in the form of fuel chemical energy, so that the working capacity of the solar heat is improved; on the one hand, the method provides a way for the efficient storage of low-energy-density solar energy. The thermochemical energy conversion system with the complementation of solar energy and fossil energy can perform a solar thermochemical process and perform power circulation in places with rich solar energy resources, can also convert solar energy into secondary fuel and convey the secondary fuel to other places to perform power circulation and the like, so that the storage of the solar energy is realized, the problems of instability and discontinuity of power generation of an independent thermal power generation system are solved, and the utilization efficiency of solar energy conversion is improved. Meanwhile, solar thermochemical products and chemical processes can be integrated, and energy can be utilized in a split mode and a cascade mode. At present, solar thermochemistry has made certain research progress in aspects such as methane reforming coupling, coal gasification, fossil fuel cracking and biomass conversion. The first 50MW solar driven natural gas steam reforming demonstration power station in the world was built in australia at tapiostat. The use of solar coal gasification for combined cycle power output by Yi Cheng Ng et al compares CO discovery with conventional coal-fired Rankine cycles and conventional combined cycles2The emission is reduced by 47% and 27%, respectively. The solar thermochemistry mainly aims at the high-temperature solar heat energy with the focusing temperature of more than 800 ℃ to carry out related research work, the energy grade promotion potential is small in the process of converting the high-temperature solar heat energy with the temperature of more than 800 ℃ into the fuel chemical energy, and the solar working capacity promotion amplitude is low. In addition, the high-temperature solar thermochemical utilization process faces the technical problems of low heat collection efficiency, high investment cost, high requirements on reactor materials and the like.
The medium and low temperature solar thermochemical technology converts the focused medium and low temperature solar heat energy into chemical energy of fuel through heat absorption chemical conversion of the fuel and stores the converted energy in the chemical energy of the fuel, thereby greatly improving the grade of the solar heat energy. Under the action of a catalyst, the solar heat energy at 150-300 ℃ drives methanol to generate H through a decomposition reaction2And CO-based synthesis gas. Compared with the high-temperature solar thermochemical technology, the medium-low temperature solar thermochemical technology has the advantages of large promotion range of solar heat gradeThe construction cost of the light-gathering and heat-collecting system is low, the manufacturing difficulty of the reactor is low, and the like.
Efficient utilization of solar energy helps to reduce consumption of fossil fuels, comprehensively considers system economy, operation stability, energy utilization efficiency and the like, and seeks a reliable and stable solar energy utilization means, which is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system, which comprises: the system comprises a raw material supply and pretreatment unit, a solar heat collection reaction unit, a chemical heat regeneration unit, a product separation and storage unit and a cold, heat and electricity output unit; the raw material supply and pretreatment unit is respectively connected with the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat regeneration unit, and the raw material supply and pretreatment unit sends methanol steam generated by the raw material supply and pretreatment unit to the solar heat collection reaction unit and/or the chemical heat regeneration unit; the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit are respectively connected with the product separation and storage unit, and generate mixed gas by using methanol steam and send the mixed gas to the product separation and storage unit; the product separation and storage unit is respectively connected with the raw material supply and pretreatment unit and the cold-heat-electricity output unit, the product separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the mixed gas, the separated methanol condensate is injected back to the raw material supply and pretreatment unit, and the separated synthesis gas is sent to the cold-heat-electricity output unit; the cold-heat-electricity output unit generates electricity by using the synthesis gas, heats domestic hot water and cools the chilled water, so that the combined supply of electric energy, heat energy and cold energy is realized.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the solar thermochemical combined cooling, heating and power system has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the solar energy and fossil fuel are complementarily utilized based on the chemical energy and physical energy comprehensive cascade utilization principle, and the thermal chemical reaction is driven to occur by virtue of the medium-low temperature solar heat energy focused by the groove type solar concentrating system, so that the acting capacity of the solar energy is improved, and the available loss in the fuel combustion process is reduced;
(2) according to the invention, through complementary utilization of solar energy and fossil fuel, the influence of solar energy intermittence and instability on the operation stability of the solar energy utilization system is reduced to a certain extent, and the operation reliability of the system is improved;
(3) the invention stores the waste heat of the exhaust smoke at the high-temperature section of the internal combustion engine in the form of sensible heat of the heat conduction oil, and utilizes the stored waste heat of the exhaust smoke of the internal combustion engine in the form of chemical heat regeneration when the synthesis gas supplied by the solar thermochemical reaction unit can not meet the requirements of users. The integration of the chemical heat recovery unit and the solar thermochemical system improves the energy utilization efficiency and the operation stability of the system under the condition of variable illumination on one hand, and can continuously and stably meet the energy requirement of users; on the other hand, the waste heat of the discharged smoke of the internal combustion engine is converted into the chemical energy of the fuel, so that the grade of the waste heat of the smoke is improved, and the acting capacity of the waste heat of the smoke is improved;
(4) when the synthesis gas generated by the solar thermochemical reaction system can completely meet the gas consumption requirement of the internal combustion engine, the synthesis gas which is not consumed by the internal combustion engine is stored in an active energy storage mode, the utilization performance of solar energy is improved, and meanwhile, the high-efficiency storage of the solar energy is realized;
(5) according to the invention, by adjusting the chemical heat recovery ratio, the flexible regulation and control of the cold, heat and electricity output ratios of the system can be realized, and the real-time changing energy utilization requirements of users can be further met;
(6) the invention utilizes the heat energy of different temperature sections based on the energy utilization mechanism of 'temperature mouth-to-mouth and cascade utilization', the collected middle and low temperature solar heat energy and the flue gas waste heat of the high temperature section, the flue gas waste heat of the low temperature section and the sensible heat of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine respectively drive the thermochemical reaction, the absorption refrigeration and the heating of the domestic hot water, thereby optimizing the heat utilization condition, improving the overall heat efficiency of the system and reducing the initial investment of the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
1-a methanol storage tank; 2-methanol working medium pump; 3-a low-temperature preheater; 4-high temperature preheater; 5-a trough type solar concentrating collector; 6-solar absorption/reactor; 7-fixed bed reactor; 8-a condenser; 9-a cyclone separator; 10-a syngas storage tank; 11-internal combustion engine power plant; 12-a hot water heat exchanger; 13-flue gas heat exchanger; 14-a low-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank; 15-low temperature heat conducting oil pump; 16-a high-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank; 17-a high temperature heat conducting oil pump; 18-double effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit; v1 — first gate valve; v2-second gate valve; v5-third gate valve; v6-fourth gate valve; v3 — first check valve; v4-second check valve; v7-first flue gas flow regulating valve; v8-second flue gas flow regulating valve; s1-methanol working medium; s2-primary preheated methanol working medium; s3-methanol vapor; s4-low-temperature heat conduction oil; s5-high-temperature heat conduction oil; s6-mixed gas; s7-low-temperature mixed gas; s8-gas-liquid mixture; s9-methanol condensate; s10-syngas; s11-liner water of the internal combustion engine; s12-domestic hot water; s13-discharging smoke of the high-temperature section internal combustion engine; s14, discharging smoke of the internal combustion engine at the medium temperature section; s15, discharging smoke of the low-temperature section internal combustion engine; s16-frozen water.
Detailed Description
The conversion and utilization forms of energy are different according to the types of energy and the conversion targets. In the energy conversion process, the attributes of both the quantity and the quality of energy conversion are considered. Based on the energy cascade utilization principle, the high-efficiency conversion of energy can be realized only by realizing the opposite and cascade utilization of energy grade. Based on the method, the thermochemical reaction of grade matching is driven by medium-low temperature solar heat energy, high-temperature exhaust smoke of the internal combustion engine is utilized in a chemical heat regeneration mode, low-temperature smoke drives the absorption refrigeration equipment to supply cold, and cylinder liner water with lower temperature generates active hot water, so that the aim and cascade utilization of chemical energy, solar energy and smoke waste heat of fuel is realized, the stability and utilization efficiency of a solar energy supply system are improved, and the consumption of fossil energy is reduced.
Solar energy and fossil fuel are complementarily utilized through a solar thermochemical technology, so that the principle of energy gradient utilization is met, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved; on one hand, the influence of unstable solar energy on the operation stability of the whole system is solved to a certain extent by coupling utilization of the solar energy and fossil energy. In the future, energy utilization is continuously developed towards high efficiency and cleanness, and the simple use of fossil fuels is not in accordance with the sustainable development of energy.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: the raw material supply and pretreatment unit, the solar heat collection reaction unit, the chemical heat regeneration unit, the product separation and storage unit and the cold, heat and electricity output unit, wherein,
a feedstock supply and pretreatment unit comprising: methyl alcohol storage tank 1, methyl alcohol working medium pump 2, low temperature preheater 3, high temperature pre-heater 4, first gate valve V1 and second gate valve V2, methyl alcohol storage tank 1 connects low temperature pre-heater 3 through methyl alcohol working medium pump 2, and high temperature pre-heater 4 is connected to low temperature pre-heater 3, first gate valve V1 and second gate valve V2 parallel connection high temperature pre-heater 4.
The methanol working medium S1 in the methanol storage tank 1 is pressurized and pumped to the low-temperature preheater 3 through the methanol working medium pump 2, is primarily preheated in the low-temperature preheater 3, and the primarily preheated methanol working medium S2 enters the high-temperature preheater 4 to be further heated and heated to generate methanol steam S3, and the methanol steam S3 respectively enters the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit through the first gate valve V1 and the second gate valve V2.
A solar heat collection reaction unit comprising: the trough type solar concentrating collector 5 and the solar absorption/reactor 6, and the solar absorption/reactor 6 is connected with the high-temperature preheater 4 through a second gate valve V2.
The methanol steam S3 enters the solar absorption/reactor 6 through the second gate valve V2, and the solar absorption/reactor 6 utilizes the solar heat energy focused by the trough type solar concentrating collector 5 to make the methanol steam S3 entering the solar absorption/reactor undergo decomposition reaction under the action of the catalyst to generate a mixed gas S6.
A chemical regenerative cell, comprising: the device comprises a fixed bed reactor 7, a low-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank 14, a low-temperature heat conduction oil pump 15, a flue gas heat exchanger 13, a high-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank 16 and a high-temperature heat conduction oil pump 17, wherein the fixed bed reactor 7 is connected with a high-temperature preheater 4 through a first gate valve V1, and is sequentially connected with the flue gas heat exchanger 13 through the low-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank 14 and the low-temperature heat conduction oil pump 15, and the flue gas heat exchanger 13 is sequentially connected with the fixed bed reactor 7 through the high.
The methanol steam S3 enters the fixed bed reactor 7 through a first gate valve V1, the low-temperature heat conducting oil S4 in the low-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank 14 is pressurized through a low-temperature heat conducting oil pump 15 and then is pumped to the flue gas heat exchanger 13, and the high-temperature heat conducting oil S16 enters the high-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank after being heated and heated; the high-temperature heat conducting oil S5 in the high-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank 16 is pressurized and pumped to the fixed bed reactor 7 through the high-temperature heat conducting oil pump 17, the methanol steam S3 is driven in the fixed bed reactor 7 to generate decomposition reaction to generate mixed gas S6, and meanwhile, the temperature of the high-temperature heat conducting oil S5 is reduced and the mixed gas is stored in the low-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank 14.
A product separation and storage unit comprising: condenser 8, vortex separator 9, synthetic gas storage tank 10, first check valve V3, second check valve V4, third gate valve V5 and fourth gate valve V6, solar energy absorption/reactor 6 connects low temperature pre-heater 3 through first check valve V3, fixed bed reactor 7 connects low temperature pre-heater 3 through second check valve V4, low temperature pre-heater 3 is connected to condenser 8 one end, the other end connects vortex separator 9, vortex separator 9 connects through fourth gate valve V6, and connect synthetic gas storage tank 10 through third gate valve V5.
The mixed gas S6 generated by the solar absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7 respectively enters the low-temperature preheater 3 through a first check valve V3 and a second check valve V4, a methanol working medium S1 is preheated in the low-temperature preheater 3, the cooled low-temperature mixed gas S7 is introduced into the condenser 8 to condense the residual methanol steam, the condensed gas-liquid mixture S8 enters the vortex separator 9 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, the separated methanol condensate S9 is injected back into the methanol storage tank 1, part of the separated synthetic gas S10 enters the cold-heat-electricity output unit through the fourth gate valve V6, and part of the separated synthetic gas is introduced into the synthetic gas storage tank 10 through the third gate valve V5.
A cooling, heating and power output unit comprising: the system comprises an internal combustion engine power generation device 11, a hot water heat exchanger 12, a flue gas heat exchanger 13 shared by a chemical heat recovery unit, a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18, a high-temperature preheater 4 shared by a raw material supply and pretreatment unit, a first flue gas flow regulating valve V7 and a second flue gas flow regulating valve V8; the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 is respectively connected with the synthesis gas storage tank 10 and the fourth gate valve V6, connected with the hot water heat exchanger 12 and connected with the flue gas heat exchanger 13 through the first flue gas flow regulating valve V7, the flue gas heat exchanger 13 is connected with the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18, and the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 is also directly connected with the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 through the second flue gas flow regulating valve V8.
Wherein, the synthesis gas S10 partially enters the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 through a fourth gate valve V6, and the internal combustion engine cylinder liner water S11 of the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 heats domestic hot water S12 through the hot water heat exchanger 12; the method comprises the following steps that smoke discharged by an internal combustion engine power generation device 11 sequentially passes through a smoke heat exchanger 13, a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 and a high-temperature preheater 4, the smoke discharged by the internal combustion engine S13 at a high-temperature section heats low-temperature heat conducting oil S4 in the smoke heat exchanger 13, the waste heat of the smoke discharged by the internal combustion engine S13 at the high-temperature section is stored in a sensible heat mode of high-temperature heat conducting oil S5, the smoke discharged by the internal combustion engine S14 at a middle-temperature section drives the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 to refrigerate, chilled water S16 passes through the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit to cool and convey cooling capacity to a user side, and the smoke discharged by the internal combustion.
In the solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system of the embodiment of the invention, the low-temperature preheater 3 preheats the methanol working medium S1 by using the mixed gas S6 generated by the solar absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7. The high temperature preheater 4 further heats the primarily preheated methanol working medium S2 to a superheated steam state by using the low temperature section internal combustion engine exhaust gas S15. The solar energy focused by the solar trough collector 5 is utilized by the solar absorber/reactor 6 as a heat source for decomposition reaction of the methanol vapor S3 via the second gate valve V2. The fixed bed reactor 7 takes the high-temperature heat transfer oil S5 in the high-temperature heat transfer oil storage tank 16 as a heat source to provide a heat source required by the decomposition reaction of the methanol steam S3 through the first gate valve V1. The condenser 8 is used for condensing the low-temperature mixed gas S7, the vortex separator 9 is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the gas-liquid mixture S8, the separated methanol condensate S9 is injected back into the methanol storage tank 1, the separated synthetic gas S10 is preferentially led to the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 through the fourth gate valve V6 to be combusted and do work, and the rest part is led to the synthetic gas storage tank 10 through the third gate valve V5. The flue gas heat exchanger 13 recovers the waste heat of the exhaust gas S13 of the internal combustion engine at the high temperature section, heats the low-temperature heat conducting oil S4 in the low-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank 14, and stores the heated low-temperature heat conducting oil S4 in the high-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank 16. The smoke exhaust ratio of the high-temperature section internal combustion engine entering the smoke heat exchanger 13 and the smoke exhaust ratio of the high-temperature section internal combustion engine directly entering the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 can be controlled by adjusting the opening degrees of the first smoke flow adjusting valve V7 and the second smoke flow adjusting valve V8, so that the ratio of the smoke heat exchanger 13 to the smoke waste heat recovery is regulated, the cold and electricity output adjustment and distribution of a co-production system are realized, and the cold and electricity requirements of users are better met. The cylinder jacket water S11 of the internal combustion engine heats domestic hot water S12 through the hot water heat exchanger 12, and the exhaust smoke S14 of the internal combustion engine at the middle temperature section drives the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 to realize refrigeration.
The specific work flow of the solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system shown in fig. 1 is as follows:
the methanol working medium S1 is heated into methanol steam through the low-temperature preheater 3 and the high-temperature preheater 4 in sequence.
Under the condition that the solar radiation is not zero and the synthetic gas generated by independently relying on the solar absorption/reactor 6 can meet the gas consumption requirement of the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11, the second gate valve V2 is opened, the methanol steam S3 enters the solar absorption/reactor 6 through the second gate valve V2, and the decomposition reaction is carried out under the driving of solar heat energy.
When the synthesis gas generated by independently depending on the solar absorption/reactor 6 can not meet the gas consumption requirement of the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11, the first gate valve V1 and the second gate valve V2 are opened, and the methanol steam S3 enters the solar absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7 through the second gate valve V2 and the first gate valve V1 respectively to generate the synthesis gas through decomposition reaction, so as to meet the gas consumption requirement of the internal combustion engine in stable operation.
In the case of zero solar radiation, the first gate valve V1 is opened, and the methanol vapor S3 enters the fixed bed reactor 7 through the first gate valve V1 in its entirety to undergo decomposition reaction.
Therefore, the synthesis gas generated by the invention can meet the gas consumption requirements of power generation equipment under various conditions through the complementary regulation of the solar energy absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7.
A mixed gas S6 generated by the solar energy absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7 is respectively introduced into the low-temperature preheater 3 through a first check valve V3 and a second check valve V4 for cooling, then enters the condenser 8 for condensation, is subjected to gas-liquid separation through the vortex separator 9, a separated methanol condensate S9 is injected back into the methanol storage tank 1, a separated synthetic gas S10 is preferentially and directly introduced into the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 through a fourth gate valve V6 for combustion work, and the rest part of the synthetic gas S10 is introduced into the synthetic gas storage tank 10 through a third gate valve V5.
In the case that the synthesis gas generated by the solar energy absorption/reactor 6 alone cannot meet the gas consumption of the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11, the system leads the synthesis gas generated by the solar energy absorption/reactor 6 and the fixed bed reactor 7 into the internal combustion engine power generation equipment 11 to combust and work.
In the event that the syngas generated by the solar absorber/reactor 6 alone is sufficient to meet the gas consumption of the internal combustion engine power plant 11, the system will operate the solar absorber/reactor 6 alone, pass the syngas generated thereby to the internal combustion engine power plant 11 to burn and produce work, and store excess syngas in the form of active energy storage to the syngas storage tank 10.
The cylinder liner water S11 of the internal combustion engine heats the domestic hot water S12 through the hot water heat exchanger 12. The exhaust smoke of the internal combustion engine firstly passes through the smoke heat exchanger 13 to heat low-temperature heat conducting oil S4, then drives the double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 to refrigerate, and finally further heats the primarily preheated methanol working medium S2 through the high-temperature preheater 4.
The solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system provided by the invention realizes efficient complementary utilization of solar energy and fossil energy through integration with the chemical regenerative system, and improves the energy utilization rate and the operation stability of the combined cooling, heating and power system. In one experimental example, the main parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
In order to analyze the performance of the co-production system provided by the invention, the thermal performance of the system under the design condition and the typical day is analyzed by taking the system parameters in the table 1 as an example. The thermodynamic properties of the co-production system proposed by the present invention under design conditions are shown in table 2, and the thermodynamic properties under typical days are shown in table 3.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
Under the design condition, the solar energy thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system has the advantages that the net solar energy generating efficiency reaches 21.1%, and the fossil energy utilization rate reaches 78.4%. Compared with the conventional production division system at the present stage, the relative energy saving rate of fossil energy is about 37% and the energy utilization rate is about 65% in the four seasons of the system. The system can realize continuous operation for 23.7 hours under full load in summer solstice, and the solar net generating efficiency reaches 21.6 percent in average day; the solar energy can be continuously operated for 9.0 hours under full load in winter solstice, the daily average net generating efficiency of solar energy is 12.8 percent, and the solar energy share is 15.9 percent. In general, the solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system provided by the invention has better system advantages in the aspects of energy utilization efficiency, solar net generating efficiency, long operation time and relative energy saving rate of fossil energy. In addition, the combined cooling heating and power system provided by the invention has the advantage of flexible and adjustable thermoelectric ratio, and the problem that the energy supply side is not matched with the energy consumption of users is reduced to a certain extent.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the components are not limited to the specific structures and shapes mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art may easily modify or replace them, for example:
(1) other devices can be adopted for each unit as long as the same function can be achieved;
(2) examples of parameters that include particular values may be provided herein, but the parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but may be approximated to the corresponding values within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints;
(3) directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the attached drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention;
(4) the embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e. technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
In conclusion, the solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system provided by the invention has better system advantages in the aspects of energy utilization efficiency, solar net generating efficiency, long operation time and relative energy saving rate of fossil energy. In addition, the combined cooling heating and power system provided by the invention has the advantage of flexible and adjustable thermoelectric ratio, and the problem that the energy supply side is not matched with the energy consumption of users is reduced to a certain extent.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system, comprising: the system comprises a raw material supply and pretreatment unit, a solar heat collection reaction unit, a chemical heat regeneration unit, a product separation and storage unit and a cold, heat and electricity output unit; wherein,
the raw material supply and pretreatment unit is respectively connected with the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat regeneration unit, and the raw material supply and pretreatment unit sends methanol steam generated by the raw material supply and pretreatment unit to the solar heat collection reaction unit and/or the chemical heat regeneration unit;
the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit are respectively connected with the product separation and storage unit, and generate mixed gas by using methanol steam and send the mixed gas to the product separation and storage unit;
the product separation and storage unit is respectively connected with the raw material supply and pretreatment unit and the cold-heat-electricity output unit, the product separation and storage unit is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the mixed gas, the separated methanol condensate is injected back to the raw material supply and pretreatment unit, and the separated synthesis gas is sent to the cold-heat-electricity output unit;
the cold-heat-electricity output unit generates electricity by using the synthesis gas, heats domestic hot water and cools the chilled water, so that the combined supply of electric energy, heat energy and cold energy is realized.
2. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the raw material supply and pretreatment unit comprises a first gate valve (V1) and a second gate valve (V2), and the first gate valve (V1) and the second gate valve (V2) are respectively connected with the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit.
3. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 2,
under the condition that solar irradiation is not zero and the solar heat collection reaction unit is independently relied on to meet the gas consumption requirement of the cold, heat and electricity output unit, only the second gate valve (V2) is opened, methanol steam (S3) enters the solar heat collection reaction unit through the second gate valve (V2), and synthetic gas generated by the solar heat collection reaction unit enters the product separation and storage unit;
under the condition that solar irradiation is not zero but the solar heat collection reaction unit can not meet the gas consumption requirement of the cold-thermal-electricity output unit independently, the first gate valve (V1) and the second gate valve (V2) are opened simultaneously, methanol steam (S3) enters the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit through the second gate valve (V2) and the first gate valve (V1) respectively, and synthetic gas generated by the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit enters the product separation and storage unit;
in the case of zero solar irradiance, only the first gate valve (V1) is opened and methanol vapor (S3) enters the chemical regenerative unit via the first gate valve (V1), and the syngas produced by the chemical regenerative unit enters the product separation and storage unit.
4. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the product separation and storage unit comprises: the system comprises a vortex separator (9), a synthetic gas storage tank (10), a third gate valve (V5) and a fourth gate valve (V6), wherein one end of the third gate valve (V5) is connected with the vortex separator (9), the other end of the third gate valve is connected with the synthetic gas storage tank (10), one end of the fourth gate valve (V6) is connected with the vortex separator (9), and the other end of the fourth gate valve is connected with a cold-heat-electricity output unit;
the synthesis gas (S10) is preferentially led into the cold, heat and electricity output unit directly through a fourth gate valve (V6) to be combusted and work, and the rest synthesis gas is led into a synthesis gas storage tank (10) to be stored through a third gate valve (V5).
5. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the chemical regenerative unit includes: a flue gas heat exchanger (13); the cooling, heating and power output unit includes: internal-combustion engine power generation equipment (11), double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit (18), first flue gas flow control valve (V7) and second flue gas flow control valve (V8), internal-combustion engine power generation equipment (11) is connected to first flue gas flow control valve (V7) one end, and flue gas heat exchanger (13) is connected to the other end, double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit (18) is connected in flue gas heat exchanger (13), internal-combustion engine power generation equipment (11) is connected to second flue gas flow control valve (V8) one end, and double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit (18) is connected to the other end.
6. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 5,
high temperature section internal-combustion engine that internal-combustion engine power generation equipment (11) produced discharges fume (S13) and gets into gas heater (13) via first flue gas flow control valve (V7), the chemistry backheats the unit and utilizes high temperature section internal-combustion engine to discharge fume (S13) and produce the gas mixture, high temperature section internal-combustion engine discharges fume (S13) still directly lets in double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit (18) via second flue gas flow control valve (V8), the aperture of first flue gas flow control valve (V7) and second flue gas flow control valve (V8) is adjusted, and flue gas waste heat recovery proportion adjusts thereupon, realizes the adjustment and the distribution of cold energy and electric output.
7. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the feedstock supply and pretreatment unit comprises: the device comprises a methanol storage tank (1), a methanol working medium pump (2), a low-temperature preheater (3), a high-temperature preheater (4), a first gate valve (V1) and a second gate valve (V2);
the methanol working medium (S1) in the methanol storage tank is pressurized and pumped to the low-temperature preheater (3) through the methanol working medium pump (2), primary preheating is carried out in the low-temperature preheater (3), the primarily preheated methanol working medium (S2) enters the high-temperature preheater (4) to be further heated and heated, methanol steam (S3) is generated, and the methanol steam (S3) enters the solar heat collection reaction unit and the chemical heat recovery unit through the first gate valve (V1) and the second gate valve (V2) respectively.
8. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the solar heat collection reaction unit includes: the solar energy absorption and reaction device comprises a groove type solar energy concentrating heat collector (5) and a solar energy absorption/reaction device (6), wherein methanol steam (S3) enters the solar energy absorption/reaction device (6), and the solar energy absorption/reaction device (6) decomposes the methanol steam (S3) into mixed gas (S6) by utilizing solar heat energy focused by the groove type solar energy concentrating heat collector (5).
9. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the chemical regenerative unit includes: the system comprises a fixed bed reactor (7), a low-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank (14), a low-temperature heat conduction oil pump (15), a flue gas heat exchanger (13), a high-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank (16) and a high-temperature heat conduction oil pump (17);
methanol steam (S3) enters a fixed bed reactor (7), low-temperature heat conducting oil (S4) in a low-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank is pressurized by a low-temperature heat conducting oil pump (15) and then is pumped to a flue gas heat exchanger (13), and the low-temperature heat conducting oil is heated and then enters a high-temperature heat conducting oil storage tank (16); high-temperature heat conduction oil (S5) in the high-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank is pressurized and pumped to the fixed bed reactor (7) through the high-temperature heat conduction oil pump (17), methanol steam (S3) is driven in the fixed bed reactor (7) to generate decomposition reaction to generate mixed gas (S6), and the temperature of the high-temperature heat conduction oil (S5) is reduced and stored in the low-temperature heat conduction oil storage tank (14).
10. A solar thermochemical combined cooling heating and power system according to claim 1,
the cooling, heating and power output unit includes: the system comprises an internal combustion engine power generation device (11), a hot water heat exchanger (12), a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit (18), a first flue gas flow regulating valve (V7) and a second flue gas flow regulating valve (V8).
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