Background technology
Waste water zero emission, English Zero Liquid Disge, is called for short ZLD, i.e. liquid zero emission.No matter although conventional ZLD technology it is achieved that but from the point of view of investment, be used for from operating cost, be intended to pay the highest cost.Using the high slat-containing wastewater evaporation that conventional full-boiled process technique will concentrate, corrosivity is extremely strong, it is necessary to make vaporizer with titanium material, so equipment investment is abnormal expensive.Waste water will flash to distilled water, energy consumption is high, and to energy-conservation unfavorable, the recycle-water cost prepared is the highest, reduces the cost performance of waste water recycling.Using reverse osmosis membrane concentration height saliferous height organic wastewater to increase the Organic substance pretreatment facility of complexity, investment is big, and operation energy consumption is high, and membrane lifetime is short.This patent have employed a kind of simple and practical, and utilizes the normal pressure technology that solar energy evaporates, and high saliferous height organic wastewater can be concentrated to 10%(concentration 100000ppm), its distilled water reuse, concentrated solution can be directly entered crystallization apparatus and realize the zero-emission of waste water.The core technology of this patent is solar energy film vaporizer.
Patent content
The purpose of this patent is to provide a kind of solar energy film waste water evaporation concentration device, to solve the problem that full-boiled process enrichment facility cost is high, energy consumption is high, high to the pre-processing requirements of waste water of existing employing steam.This patent, compared with similar technique, can effectively reduce the operating cost of initial investment expense and system.
This patent adopts the technical scheme that for solving above-mentioned technical problem: this device is made up of the waste water tank (1) connected the most in order, solar energy film vaporizer (2), fresh-water tank (3), dense water tank (4), dense water-circulating pump (5), specifically refers to patent figures.Solar energy film vaporizer (2) is the core component of this device.High saliferous height organic wastewater is entering swash plate bottom the vaporization chamber that angle of inclination is arranged by waterflow distributor, form the moisture film being evenly distributed, sufficiently large evaporation contact surface is formed by the thin film of solar energy film vaporizer and sunlight, thus fully evaporated, thin film inner surface is risen to by the water vapour of thermal evaporation, and it being agglomerated into drop, the surface tension of drop and action of gravity make it flow to fresh water collecting groove along thin film inner surface from top to bottom, the recyclable recycling of fresh water.In vaporization chamber, waste water constantly evaporates and flows downward to vaporization chamber lower end along bottom swash plate, collects dense water tank through dense water collection pipe.According to concentrate requirement dense water can be returned again by dense water-circulating pump be arranged in the waste water tank at vaporizer top in constantly circulate concentration.
Aforesaid solar energy film vaporizer is the core of this device.It is made up of waterflow distributor (2-1), solar energy film (2-2), waste water vaporization chamber (2-3), fresh water collecting groove (2-4) and dense water collection pipe (2-5).Solar energy film seals and covers on waste water vaporization chamber (2-3) thin film skeleton.Waste water vaporization chamber (2-3) is obliquely installed, and wastewater inlet pipe is located in the bottom of solar energy film, is connected with waterflow distributor, and dense water collection pipe is located in the bottom of vaporization chamber.Described fresh water collecting groove (2-4) is arranged between solar energy film and the vaporization chamber base plate of solar energy film vaporizer lower end, and its fresh water collected introduces fresh-water tank by fresh water collecting groove.Thus reached Waste water concentrating, the purpose of fresh water reuse.
Waterflow distributor (2-1) is the vitals of solar energy film vaporizer, it is characterized in that: it is a PE pipe being uniformly covered with aperture (pore diameter range is 0.5 ~ 1mm), can be evenly distributed on the swash plate bottom membrane evaporator by its waste water, form water membrane, thus reach the effect evaporated of fully absorbing heat.
Waste water vaporization chamber (2-3) be waste water receive sunlight heat radiation, complete the carrier body of evaporative effect, it is characterised in that its angle of inclination and bottom it swash plate length all through experiment and scientific algorithm.Wherein α angle should control in the range of 30 ~ 80 degree as shown in drawings, swash plate projected length in the horizontal direction should control in the range of 1000 ~ 4000mm, with the vaporizer residence time of waste water in guarantee membrane evaporator, water vapour produced by it can condense and be attached to its smooth thin film inner surface, and drop goes downstream after collecting to fresh water collecting groove and flows into fresh-water tank.
Aforesaid waste water vaporization chamber (2-3), it is characterised in that the solar energy film at its top and bottom it distance h between swash plate inner surface should control in the range of 100 ~ 200mm, to ensure the sunlight caloradiance to waste water.
Solar energy film has been the important carrier of photothermal deformation, it is characterised in that it uses PVC or PE material, and outer surface applies nanometer heat absorbing coating, and collecting efficiency is high, pliability is strong, corrosion-resistant, aging resistance, price are low, easily obtain.This film material is smooth, there is the strongest hydrophilic, thermal resistance is little and can guarantee that hydrophobic smooth and easy, therefore the water vapour produced by thermal evaporation in package unit is easily attached to its surface and condenses into water droplet, and along its smooth and easy gravity flow in smooth surface, after fresh water collecting groove is collected, enter fresh-water tank, reach the purpose that fresh water separates with dense water.
Aforesaid solar energy film waste water evaporation concentration device, it is characterized in that: waste water tank is arranged in the top of a whole set of enrichment facility, outlet pipe be connected to water tank bottom and with the vaporizer UNICOM being positioned under, waste water leans on self gravitation through waterflow distributor, bottom vaporization chamber, swash plate uniformly goes downstream, and reaches energy-saving effect.
Aforesaid solar energy film waste water evaporation concentration device, it is characterized in that: fresh-water tank is arranged in solar energy film vaporizer lower end, fresh water outlet mouth is not less than fresh-water tank apical side height, and fresh-water tank is arranged on above dense water tank, therefore fresh water can be delivered to water spot by action of gravity, not only save fresh water transfer pump equipment, and effectively reduce device power consumption.
Aforesaid solar energy film waste water evaporation concentration device, it is characterized in that: the dense water tank being arranged in package unit bottommost is connected with solar energy film vaporizer by being located in the dense water collection pipe of vaporization chamber bottom, dense waterbox design is equipped with dense water-circulating pump, make dense water repeatedly can evaporate according to concentration rate requirement circulation, reach repeatedly the purpose of evaporation and concentration.
This patent having the beneficial effect that relative to prior art:
1, this patent uses solar energy resources to realize Waste water concentrating, and energy consumption is low, low to the pre-processing requirements of waste water;
2, single covering device processes the water yield is 0.5-1m3/d;
3, high saliferous height organic wastewater can be processed, within the dissolved solid (TDS) in waste water is up to 50000ppm, within Organic substance (COD) is up to 30000ppm;
4, this patent is lightweight, it is simple to transports, mount and dismount;
5, the simple in construction of this patent, it is easy to accomplish, production cost is low, is especially suitable for the waste water water yield less, the water quality that waste component is complicated.
Detailed description of the invention five: combining Fig. 1 explanation, the angle between present embodiment rectangular film skeleton and vertical direction is 30 °-80 °.It is arranged such present embodiment, it is simple to utilize solar energy resources to realize Waste water concentrating, enhances the generation of water vapour, improve the thermal efficiency and the concentrated effect of device.
This patent is in implementation process, and concrete condition is as follows:
The thin film of present embodiment is polyethylene, setting angle 30 °, evaporator tank volume 2m3,Effective surface area 4m2, processing the water yield in the test in summer of Chifeng city is 0.7 m3/d;
The thin film of present embodiment is polrvinyl chloride, setting angle 45 °, evaporator tank volume 2m3, effective surface area 4m2, processing the water yield in the test in summer of Chifeng city is 0.75 m3/d。
The operation principle of this patent is: utilize the thermoradiation efficiency of sunlight, makes the evaporation of water heat become water vapour and rises to solar energy film inner surface, and residual waste water constantly concentrates the purpose reaching Waste water concentrating decrement.
Vaporization chamber is heated by this patent by sunlight vaporizer, evaporation indoor temperature raises, water in waste water tank is distributed evenly on base of evaporator swash plate through the waterflow distributor of vaporizer, formed with sunlight and sufficiently contact heating surface, owing to evaporation indoor temperature is higher than outside air temperature, therefore in vaporization chamber, water vapour moves upward, drop is formed when running into hydrophobic film, owing to hydrophobic film has the strongest hydrophilic, therefore water droplet goes downstream along hydrophobic film inner surface by the surface tension of self gravitation and water, it flow in fresh-water tank after fresh water collecting groove is collected.Waste water in vaporization chamber Uniform Flow from top to bottom, and along with constantly evaporation, waste strength is more and more higher, collects to dense water tank, constantly circulate concentration according to the overhead waste water case that concentration requirement can return vaporizer dense water by dense water delivery pump again after flowing to bottom.