CN105833952B - A kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type - Google Patents
A kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type Download PDFInfo
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- CN105833952B CN105833952B CN201610188494.XA CN201610188494A CN105833952B CN 105833952 B CN105833952 B CN 105833952B CN 201610188494 A CN201610188494 A CN 201610188494A CN 105833952 B CN105833952 B CN 105833952B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/24—Driving mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
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- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type, including rotating cylinder, steel ball and engine system, engine system is connected by bent axle with the main shaft of the rotating cylinder, and and then drives rotating cylinder to rotate.The coal dust milling device instead of traditional motor with air motor, and the effect of energy-conservation is served in the case of without using electric energy, while have the characteristics that pollution-free, simple and practical, adjustability is high, output torque is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel treatment field, and in particular to a kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type.
Background technology
It is one critically important process of power field that coal dust, which is milled, and present coal dust, which is milled mainly, grinding roller formula, steel-ball type
Deng, wherein steel-ball type mill be that coal dust is milled using the Action of Gravity Field of steel ball, the direct shadow of fineness effect how of coal dust
Ring the quality to next process.
But often there is high power consumption, output torque deficiency in the steel-ball type coal dust milling device of in the market, cost is high, deposits
Certain exhaust emission the problems such as.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type, it is characterized in that, including rotating cylinder, steel ball and engine system, hair
Motivation system is connected by bent axle with the main shaft of the rotating cylinder, and and then drives rotating cylinder to rotate；The engine system bag
Air pressure pump, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve, engine, exhaust solenoid valve, heat-exchange system and control system are included, it is described
Compressed air cylinder inside division is the higher-pressure region being disposed over and the low-pressure area being arranged below, and one end of higher-pressure region passes through height
Pressure inlet valve is connected with the air pressure pump, and the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve with the air inlet electromagnetic valve, low-pressure area
One end be connected by low-pressure inlet valve with the air pressure pump, the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve
It is connected with the air inlet electromagnetic valve, air inlet electromagnetic valve provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The air inlet
Magnetic valve and exhaust solenoid valve are the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type；
Also include switching relief pipeline, switch one end and the high-pressure outlet valve and the low tension outlet valve of relief pipeline
Between pipeline be connected, the other end is connected with the top of the low-pressure area, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve, when
From high pressure toward low pressure switch when, after high-pressure outlet valve is closed, detect the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve first, and
By it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area, as p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve is opened, the pressure switched in relief valve is let out rapidly
To low-pressure area, when detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve is closed, and open air inlet electromagnetic valve；The switching relief pipeline
Caliber for higher-pressure region export caliber 1/4；
The engine includes cylinder, piston, the bent axle being connected with piston, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flywheel, flywheel
Installed in one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on waste pipe road, the blast pipe after exhaust solenoid valve
Road is divided into two-way, and directly row or goes refrigeration system at air all the way, and another way enters thermoregulator by regulating valve, for pair
Outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator；The heat-exchange system includes the thermoregulator that form is pipe heat exchanger, is arranged in
Pre- thermal sleeve at left and right sides of air inlet electromagnetic valve on pipeline, the heating muff being arranged on cylinder, the heating heat of thermoregulator
Source is constantly supplied water by heat-exchanger pump to pre- thermal sleeve and heating muff, outlet of the hot water respectively through above-mentioned two sleeve pipe after heating
Outflow；Aluminium dividing plate is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder, aluminium dividing plate is annular, installed in outer casing wall and heating muff it
Between, aluminium dividing plate is fixed on outer casing wall by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies, is consolidated in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction
Determine also to be arranged at intervals with 3 on the outer casing wall between body and be folded to the baffle that angle is 45 °, the height of the baffle is Zhou guide
The 2/3 of heat fixation body height；Multiple circular equal flowing water mouths staggeredly are disposed with aluminium dividing plate, are provided with the inner surface of aluminium dividing plate
Multiple spaced apart projections, the height of projection is the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate and outer casing wall；The upper surface of the piston
Multiple conical plungers to raise up are additionally provided with, multiple adjoining spirals spiral shell in opposite direction is provided with the surface of plunger
Rotation is raised；The piston is in integrally cylinder, and the annular groove of a depression is provided with its center outer surface, is arranged on annular groove
There are multiple spaced fixing slots, soft thing is connected with fixing slot, the soft thing is through piston and cylinder
Gap and the distance between the wall contacts, the two neighboring fixing slot of cylinder be h；
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder, for the rotational angle of bent axle to be converted into phase
The umber of pulse answered, the corner α numerical value of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse；The controller
The gas pressure in cylinder that record passes through pressure sensor detection, and pass through the gas in the cylinder that temperature sensor detects
Temperature after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve before temperature, exhaust solenoid valve；After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection
Crank angle value, when it reaches the initial charge angle [alpha] of setting0When, open air inlet electromagnetic valve；Constantly detect bent axle in real time simultaneously
Temperature after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve before corner α, the pressure p of cylinder interior gas, cylinder interior gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve
T2, controller are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value according to the gas equation and crank angle relation of air Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is
The length of connecting rod, n are polytropic coefficient, and T ' is the cylinder interior gas temperature at the end of upper one circulation, at the end of T1 ' is upper one circulation
Exhaust solenoid valve before temperature, λ1For the first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation As pressure at expulsion priori value p ＇ >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve, its
Middle pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve,For the threshold pressure system of every circulation
Number, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder minimum operating pressure, k2=0.001 × | T1
'-T2 ' |+1 is exhaust solenoid valve bite correction factor, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively temperature and row before upper one exhaust solenoid valve circulated
Temperature after pneumoelectric magnet valve；Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve；After exhaust solenoid valve is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter pneumoelectric
Magnet valve is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angleWhen, close
Close exhaust solenoid valve, wherein α2For the threshold value being manually set,For isothermal exc. item,
λ 2 is the second constant factor, is followed when in first circulation from command of execution A2=1, one work of so far engine system completion
Ring；In the period that exhaust solenoid valve is opened, the regulating valve of exhaust solenoid valve to thermoregulator can be according to the gas of upper one circulation
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve before and after cylinder temperature average and air inlet electromagnetic valve, so as to adjust pre- thermal sleeve and plus
Hot water temperature in thermal sleeve；Make λ1=0.0011, λ2=0.0020, h=10mm.
Preferably, the lead of air inlet electromagnetic valve opening isWhat exhaust solenoid valve was opened shifts to an earlier date
Measure and beExhaust solenoid valve close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve uses is identical.
This coal dust milling device has the beneficial effect that：Replace motor to drive rotating cylinder using air motor, do not make
With very big output torque is obtained in the case of high-power power simultaneously；And a kind of new engine system is devised, its
Can select the compressed air of different pressures according to rotating speed, and in order to overcome and switch from high-pressure air source toward low-pressure gas source during
The shortcomings that easily producing " pressure vacuum phase ", dexterously coordinated using pressure release electromagnetic valve and controller and ensure that the smooth of engine
Contribute；The supply air line of the engine system is not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because energy loss caused by decompression；Will
The Quasi-isothermal expansion process and pressure at expulsion of gas organically combine, according to the temperature conditions and pressure at expulsion of each circulation
Priori value determine the shut-in time of air inlet electromagnetic valve, controlled in the case where not increasing additional investment only by modification
The algorithm can of device reaches good efficiency and improves effect, while both ensure that pressure at expulsion actual exhaust air pressure was more than exhaust
The unlatching threshold values of magnetic valve, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, and the calculating used is public
Threshold values fluctuation is excessive caused by formula can effectively prevent air pressure fluctuation, further prevents the erroneous judgement of air inlet electromagnetic valve close moment
It is disconnected；According to the supply scheme without pressure-reducing valve, it is contemplated that the needs of compression increase, air leakage increase and the heat exchange of cylinder, set again
Suitable air cylinder structure is counted, the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity is higher, and gas leakage significantly reduces.
Brief description of the drawings
Using accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing does not form any limit to the present invention
System, for one of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be obtained according to the following drawings
Other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure figure of the high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of engine system；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view after the complete installation of cylinder；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of aluminium dividing plate；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that cylinder is expanded into deflector after plane；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of piston.
Reference：One or five knife roller bearing -1；Two or five knife roller bearing -2；Banister brush -3；Air pressure pump -11；Low pressure enters
Mouth valve -12；Low tension outlet valve -13；High pressure entry valve -14；High-pressure outlet valve -15；Low-pressure area -16；Higher-pressure region -17；Pressure release electricity
Magnet valve -18；Pre- thermal sleeve -19；Heating muff -20；Air inlet electromagnetic valve -21；Exhaust solenoid valve -22；Regulating valve -23；Temperature is adjusted
Save device -24；Cylinder -25；Piston -26；Baffle -27；Equal flowing water mouth -28；Circumferential heat conduction fixed body -29；Projection -30；Annular
Groove -31；Fixing slot -32；Plunger -33；Spiral salient -34；Soft thing -35；Aluminium dividing plate -36.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment 1：
The high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type as shown in Figure 1, including rotating cylinder 1, steel ball 2 and engine system
System, engine system are connected by bent axle with the main shaft 3 of the rotating cylinder 1, and and then drive rotating cylinder to rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the engine system includes air pressure pump 2, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, started
Machine, exhaust solenoid valve 22, heat-exchange system and control system, the compressed air cylinder inside division are the higher-pressure region being disposed over
17 and the low-pressure area 16 that is arranged below, one end of higher-pressure region 17 passes through high pressure entry valve 14 and the phase of air pressure pump 11
Even, the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve 15 with the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, and one end of low-pressure area 16 passes through low-pressure inlet valve
12 are connected with the air pressure pump 11, and the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve 13 and the air inlet electromagnetism
Valve 21 is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The He of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Exhaust solenoid valve 22 is the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type.The compressed air of higher-pressure region 17 is used for when high engine speeds turn
Being used when dynamic, pressure limit is 15MPa~30MPa, and the compressed air of low-pressure area 16 is used to use when low engine speed rotates,
Pressure limit is 2MPa~10MPa, and specific switching condition can be set by actual conditions.Meanwhile inventor sends out through research
It is existing, when the compressed air of high pressure switches to the compressed air of low-pressure, due to being the state closed in air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Switch over, therefore the phenomenon that can be usually built the pressure in the pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15, cause low tension outlet valve 12 to be beaten
The pressure in pipeline can not be overcome to contribute after opening, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 often has the " pressure of a bit of time after opening
Cycle in time ", cause the output of engine unsmooth, therefore be additionally provided with switching relief pipeline, switch one end of relief pipeline with
Pipeline between the high-pressure outlet valve 15 and the low tension outlet valve 13 is connected, the top phase of the other end and the low-pressure area 16
Even, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve 18, when switching from high pressure toward low pressure, high-pressure outlet valve 15 close with
Afterwards, controller detects the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15 first, and by it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area 16,
As p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, at this time the pressure in pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is let out rapidly to low-pressure area 16, when
When detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is closed.Consider and save cost and pressure release effect, by the switching relief tube
The caliber in road is arranged to 1/4 that higher-pressure region 17 exports caliber.
The engine includes cylinder 25, piston 26, the bent axle being connected with piston 26, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flown
Wheel, flywheel (not shown) are arranged on one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve 22 is arranged on waste pipe road,
Discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve 22 is divided into two-way, directly arranges air all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way passes through regulation
Valve 23 enters thermoregulator 24, for outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator 24 to be adjusted, keeps the expansion of gas
Process is as close possible to isothermal expansion process, to improve the output of engine.The heat-exchange system is pipe type heat transfer including form
The thermoregulator 24 of device, the pre- thermal sleeve 19 being arranged on the left and right sides pipeline of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, it is arranged on cylinder 25
Heating muff 20, the purpose for setting pre- thermal sleeve 20 is to preheat, and ensure to the compressed air for entering cylinder 25
The temperature difference is uniform before and after air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, reduces thermal stress.The heat source of thermoregulator 24 from solar thermal collector or
The thermal source of other convenient connections (such as room heater) of person, constantly to pre- thermal sleeve 19 and added by heat-exchanger pump (not shown)
Thermal sleeve 20 supplies water, outlet outflow of the hot water after heating through sleeve pipe.
As shown in Figure 3-4, aluminium dividing plate 36 is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder 25, aluminium dividing plate 36 is annular, peace
Between outer casing wall and heating muff 20, aluminium dividing plate 36 is fixed on outer by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies 29
On casing wall, what heat conduction fixed body 29 was taken due to this programme in addition to fixation, on the one hand is not provided with after compressed air cylinder
Pressure-reducing valve, therefore admission pressure is very big, circumferential heat conduction is fixed, and 29 can play a part of the intensity of stiffened cylinder 25, on the other hand
Because heat conduction fixed body 29 employs Heat Conduction Material (such as the metal such as aluminum bronze), heat exchange can be strengthened.
In order to directly perceived, Fig. 5 gives schematic diagram when cylinder expands into plane, in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction fixed body 29
Between outer casing wall on to be also arranged at intervals with 3 to be folded to angle be 45 ° of baffle 27, the height of the baffle 27 is circumferential solid
Determine the 2/3 of body height, baffle 27 can effectively increase residence time of the hot water in the outside wall surface of cylinder 25, improve heat transfer effect.
Interlocking on aluminium dividing plate 36 and be disposed with multiple circular equal flowing water mouths 28, the water in sleeve pipe flows into and out from equal flowing water mouth 28, if
The purpose one of aluminium dividing plate 36 is put to be to strengthen heat exchange using the thermal conduction characteristic of aluminum metal, second, utilizing aluminium dividing plate 36 and equal flowing water mouth
28 slow down water flow velocity and uniform flux, exchange heat to further enhance and the cylinder is uniformly heated as far as possible；The interior table of aluminium dividing plate 36
Multiple spaced apart projections 30 are provided with face, for acting on the hot water turbulization of entrance to strengthen exchanging heat, and meanwhile it is convex
The height of block 30 is also unfit to do get Tai Gao, otherwise easily causes flow dead, conversely the turbulent flow if the height of projection 30 is too low
It is ineffective, through repeated tests, the height of projection 30 is arranged to the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate 36 and outer casing wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper surface of the piston 26 is additionally provided with multiple conical plungers 33 to raise up, plunger
Multiple adjoining spirals spiral salient 34 in opposite direction is provided with 33 surface, i.e., previous transport screw, the latter are reverse
Spiral, by that analogy, the purpose of plunger 33 and spiral salient 34 are that rationalization is carried out to charge air flow with by increasing in cylinder
Turbulent flow and the heat convection between stiffened cylinder inwall and gas in the jar；The piston 26 is overall in cylinder, its center outer surface
On be provided with the annular groove 31 of a depression, be disposed with multiple spaced fixing slots 32, fixing slot on annular groove 31
Soft thing 35 (such as cotton, sponge etc.), gap of the soft thing 35 through piston 26 and cylinder 25 are connected with 32
With the wall contacts of cylinder 25, the distance between the two neighboring fixing slot 32 is h.Inventor it has been investigated that, when adopting
During with air supply system without pressure-reducing valve, due to the increase of cylinder air pressure, the gap air leak between cylinder 25 and piston 26 can be than band
The system air leakage of pressure-reducing valve is bigger, it is therefore necessary to gap air leak is reduced using specific design, to improve the effect of engine
Rate.There is the soft thing 35 of preferable air-tightness using cotton, sponge etc., and use less arranged for interval, can be effectively smaller
Gas leakage between cylinder and piston；Experiment shows simultaneously, because supply gas pressure is higher, the friction between soft thing 35 and cylinder 25
Power almost can be ignored for the kinetic energy of piston 26, and arranged for interval and the soft thing 35 of discontinuous arrangement
Friction is effectively reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder (not shown), and it is used to turn on bent axle
Dynamic angular transition is corresponding umber of pulse, and the corner α of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse
Numerical value；The pressure value of the gas pressure in cylinder 25 that the controller record passes through pressure sensor detection etc., Yi Jitong
Temperature etc. after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in the cylinder 25 of excess temperature sensor detection
The temperature value at place.
After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection crank angle value α, when it reaches initially entering for setting
During gas angle [alpha] 0, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened；The pressure p of gas, gas in the simultaneously continuous α of detection crank angle in real time, cylinder 25
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in cylinder 25, controller is according to the gas of air
Body equation and crank angle relation are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is the length of connecting rod, and n is polytropic coefficient, T ' for
Gas temperature in cylinder 25 at the end of a upper circulation, T1 ' are temperature before the exhaust solenoid valve 22 at the end of upper one circulation, and λ 1 is
The first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation If a upper circulation and the temperature difference increase measured in real time, illustrate that temperature reduction amount increases, then now A1 also increases, and leads to
Cross isothermal air inlet and close itemTo improve the pressure at expulsion priori value being calculated, air inlet
The shut-in time of magnetic valve 21 shifts to an earlier date, and playing prevents too fast expansion, reduces the temperature difference so that overall process is more nearly isothermal expansion
Process and then the effect for improving engine output.As pressure at expulsion priori value p ' >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve
21, wherein pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22,For the valve of every circulation
Duty pressure coefficient, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder 25, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder 25 minimum operating pressure, from
K1 expression formula can be seen that the close moment of the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 drawn according to the method both ensure that actual exhaust air pressure
More than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, Er Qieke
It is excessive with threshold values fluctuation caused by effectively preventing air pressure fluctuation, further prevent the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；
K2=0.001 × | T1 '-T2 ' |+1 is the bite correction factor of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively the exhaust of a upper circulation
Temperature after temperature and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before magnetic valve 22, because exhaust solenoid valve 2 is in the end of expansion process, it is easy to send out
Raw low temperature frosting causes the phenomenon of bite, | T1 '-T2 ' | show the front and rear temperature difference of exhaust solenoid valve 22 in a upper circulation more greatly more
Greatly, exhaust solenoid valve 22 is easier occurs frosting and causes bite, and now k2 is automatically increased to improve cylinder in this circulation
25 admission pressure threshold values, so as to increase the inlet pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22 to ensure that it is smoothly opened, in first circulation
When from command of execution k2=1.Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve 22；After exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 22 is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angle
When, close exhaust solenoid valve 22, α2For the threshold value being manually set, λ2For the second constant factor, pass through isothermal exc. item To play a part of closing exhaust solenoid valve 22 in advance, it is assumed herein that corner α is continuous
Increase, often turning over a circle increases by 360 °, understands that its value is always less than 1 by A2 expression formula, works as the temperature differenceIncrease
When A2 reduce, then the closedown condition value of exhaust solenoid valve 22 is lower, so that crank angle α can faster reach closedown condition
Value, from command of execution A2=1, one working cycles of so far engine system completion when in first circulation；In exhaust solenoid valve
In 22 periods opened, the meeting of regulating valve 23 of thermoregulator 24 according to temperature average in upper one cylinder 25 circulated and enters pneumoelectric
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve 23 before and after magnet valve 21, so as to adjusting the heat in pre- thermal sleeve 19 and heating muff 20
Coolant-temperature gage.Make λ1=0.0011, λ2=0.0020, h=10mm.
Preferably, because magnetic valve needs the reaction time to off or from breaking to leading to, in order to more accurately control
The break-make moment of magnetic valve on the basis of ideal position, it is necessary to set certain lead, and this lead can not
It is definite value, i.e., it not only should be relevant with the intrinsic reaction time of magnetic valve, (should also pass through with the specific angular velocity omega of bent axle
Corner α is obtained) it is relevant, variable lead as experiment proof can effectively improve the levels of precision of magnetic valve lead, from
And further improve the efficiency of engine system.Because intake and exhaust magnetic valve used is dead electricity normally closed solenoid valve,
It is powered after postponing and opens, is closed after power-off delay.Setting：The pulse generation of the rotational angle rotary encoder of bent axle is several times
Amount, 0-1023 pulse number scopes are corresponding with 0-360 °.The ideal position that air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened is 0 (0 °), the reason of closing
Think position for the pressure at expulsion priori value position equal with the Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22；The ideal that exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened
Position is 512 (180 °), and the ideal position of closing is 0 (0 °).Then the break-make electric position of intake and exhaust magnetic valve should be more dynamic than ideal
Make position to have shifted to an earlier date, in advance amount can by magnetic valve energization, power-off the reaction time and bent axle rotating speed by it is following it is various based on
Obtain：Air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve 22 uses is identical, unit：ms.
In the coal dust milling device of this embodiment, replace motor to drive rotating cylinder using air motor, do not make
With very big output torque is obtained in the case of high-power power simultaneously；Motor is replaced to drive roller bearing using air motor,
Bigger output torque can be obtained；And a kind of new engine system is devised, it can select difference according to rotating speed
The compressed air of pressure, and in order to overcome from high-pressure air source toward low-pressure gas source switch during easily produce " pressure vacuum phase "
The shortcomings that, the smooth output that ensure that engine is dexterously coordinated using pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 and controller；The engine system
Supply air line be not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because decompression caused by energy loss；By the Quasi-isothermal expansion of gas
Process and pressure at expulsion organically combine, according to the priori value of the temperature conditions of each circulation and pressure at expulsion come determine into
The shut-in time of pneumoelectric magnet valve 21, in the case where not increasing additional investment and only by the algorithm can of modification controller
Reach good efficiency and improve effect, while both ensure that pressure at expulsion actual exhaust air pressure was more than the unlatching of exhaust solenoid valve 22
Threshold values, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, and the calculation formula used can effectively prevent
Only threshold values fluctuation is excessive caused by air pressure fluctuation, further prevents the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；Subtracted according to nothing
The supply scheme of pressure valve, it is contemplated that the needs of compression increase, air leakage increase and the heat exchange of cylinder 25, redesigned what is be adapted to
Air cylinder structure, the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity is higher, and gas leakage significantly reduces, and makes λ1=0.0011, λ2=0.0020,
H=10mm, experiment show the more not engineered premise height of its whole efficiency 5%, and air leakage reduces 7%, achieves and expects not
The effect arrived.
Embodiment 2：
The high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type as shown in Figure 1, including rotating cylinder 1, steel ball 2 and engine system
System, engine system are connected by bent axle with the main shaft 3 of the rotating cylinder 1, and and then drive rotating cylinder to rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the engine system includes air pressure pump 2, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, started
Machine, exhaust solenoid valve 22, heat-exchange system and control system, the compressed air cylinder inside division are the higher-pressure region being disposed over
17 and the low-pressure area 16 that is arranged below, one end of higher-pressure region 17 passes through high pressure entry valve 14 and the phase of air pressure pump 11
Even, the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve 15 with the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, and one end of low-pressure area 16 passes through low-pressure inlet valve
12 are connected with the air pressure pump 11, and the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve 13 and the air inlet electromagnetism
Valve 21 is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The He of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Exhaust solenoid valve 22 is the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type.The compressed air of higher-pressure region 17 is used for when high engine speeds turn
Being used when dynamic, pressure limit is 15MPa~30MPa, and the compressed air of low-pressure area 16 is used to use when low engine speed rotates,
Pressure limit is 2MPa~10MPa, and specific switching condition can be set by actual conditions.Meanwhile inventor sends out through research
It is existing, when the compressed air of high pressure switches to the compressed air of low-pressure, due to being the state closed in air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Switch over, therefore the phenomenon that can be usually built the pressure in the pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15, cause low tension outlet valve 12 to be beaten
The pressure in pipeline can not be overcome to contribute after opening, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 often has the " pressure of a bit of time after opening
Cycle in time ", cause the output of engine unsmooth, therefore be additionally provided with switching relief pipeline, switch one end of relief pipeline with
Pipeline between the high-pressure outlet valve 15 and the low tension outlet valve 13 is connected, the top phase of the other end and the low-pressure area 16
Even, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve 18, when switching from high pressure toward low pressure, high-pressure outlet valve 15 close with
Afterwards, controller detects the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15 first, and by it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area 16,
As p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, at this time the pressure in pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is let out rapidly to low-pressure area 16, when
When detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is closed.Consider and save cost and pressure release effect, by the switching relief tube
The caliber in road is arranged to 1/4 that higher-pressure region 17 exports caliber.
The engine includes cylinder 25, piston 26, the bent axle being connected with piston 26, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flown
Wheel, flywheel (not shown) are arranged on one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve 22 is arranged on waste pipe road,
Discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve 22 is divided into two-way, directly arranges air all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way passes through regulation
Valve 23 enters thermoregulator 24, for outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator 24 to be adjusted, keeps the expansion of gas
Process is as close possible to isothermal expansion process, to improve the output of engine.The heat-exchange system is pipe type heat transfer including form
The thermoregulator 24 of device, the pre- thermal sleeve 19 being arranged on the left and right sides pipeline of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, it is arranged on cylinder 25
Heating muff 20, the purpose for setting pre- thermal sleeve 20 is to preheat, and ensure to the compressed air for entering cylinder 25
The temperature difference is uniform before and after air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, reduces thermal stress.The heat source of thermoregulator 24 from solar thermal collector or
The thermal source of other convenient connections (such as room heater) of person, constantly to pre- thermal sleeve 19 and added by heat-exchanger pump (not shown)
Thermal sleeve 20 supplies water, outlet outflow of the hot water after heating through sleeve pipe.
As shown in Figure 3-4, aluminium dividing plate 36 is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder 25, aluminium dividing plate 36 is annular, peace
Between outer casing wall and heating muff 20, aluminium dividing plate 36 is fixed on outer by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies 29
On casing wall, what heat conduction fixed body 29 was taken due to this programme in addition to fixation, on the one hand is not provided with after compressed air cylinder
Pressure-reducing valve, therefore admission pressure is very big, circumferential heat conduction is fixed, and 29 can play a part of the intensity of stiffened cylinder 25, on the other hand
Because heat conduction fixed body 29 employs Heat Conduction Material (such as the metal such as aluminum bronze), heat exchange can be strengthened.
In order to directly perceived, Fig. 5 gives schematic diagram when cylinder expands into plane, in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction fixed body 29
Between outer casing wall on to be also arranged at intervals with 3 to be folded to angle be 45 ° of baffle 27, the height of the baffle 27 is circumferential solid
Determine the 2/3 of body height, baffle 27 can effectively increase residence time of the hot water in the outside wall surface of cylinder 25, improve heat transfer effect.
Interlocking on aluminium dividing plate 36 and be disposed with multiple circular equal flowing water mouths 28, the water in sleeve pipe flows into and out from equal flowing water mouth 28, if
The purpose one of aluminium dividing plate 36 is put to be to strengthen heat exchange using the thermal conduction characteristic of aluminum metal, second, utilizing aluminium dividing plate 36 and equal flowing water mouth
28 slow down water flow velocity and uniform flux, exchange heat to further enhance and the cylinder is uniformly heated as far as possible；The interior table of aluminium dividing plate 36
Multiple spaced apart projections 30 are provided with face, for acting on the hot water turbulization of entrance to strengthen exchanging heat, and meanwhile it is convex
The height of block 30 is also unfit to do get Tai Gao, otherwise easily causes flow dead, conversely the turbulent flow if the height of projection 30 is too low
It is ineffective, through repeated tests, the height of projection 30 is arranged to the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate 36 and outer casing wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper surface of the piston 26 is additionally provided with multiple conical plungers 33 to raise up, plunger
Multiple adjoining spirals spiral salient 34 in opposite direction is provided with 33 surface, i.e., previous transport screw, the latter are reverse
Spiral, by that analogy, the purpose of plunger 33 and spiral salient 34 are that rationalization is carried out to charge air flow with by increasing in cylinder
Turbulent flow and the heat convection between stiffened cylinder inwall and gas in the jar；The piston 26 is overall in cylinder, its center outer surface
On be provided with the annular groove 31 of a depression, be disposed with multiple spaced fixing slots 32, fixing slot on annular groove 31
Soft thing 35 (such as cotton, sponge etc.), gap of the soft thing 35 through piston 26 and cylinder 25 are connected with 32
With the wall contacts of cylinder 25, the distance between the two neighboring fixing slot 32 is h.Inventor it has been investigated that, when adopting
During with air supply system without pressure-reducing valve, due to the increase of cylinder air pressure, the gap air leak between cylinder 25 and piston 26 can be than band
The system air leakage of pressure-reducing valve is bigger, it is therefore necessary to gap air leak is reduced using specific design, to improve the effect of engine
Rate.There is the soft thing 35 of preferable air-tightness using cotton, sponge etc., and use less arranged for interval, can be effectively smaller
Gas leakage between cylinder and piston；Experiment shows simultaneously, because supply gas pressure is higher, the friction between soft thing 35 and cylinder 25
Power almost can be ignored for the kinetic energy of piston 26, and arranged for interval and the soft thing 35 of discontinuous arrangement
Friction is effectively reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder (not shown), and it is used to turn on bent axle
Dynamic angular transition is corresponding umber of pulse, and the corner α of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse
Numerical value；The pressure value of the gas pressure in cylinder 25 that the controller record passes through pressure sensor detection etc., Yi Jitong
Temperature etc. after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in the cylinder 25 of excess temperature sensor detection
The temperature value at place.
After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection crank angle value α, when it reaches initially entering for setting
During gas angle [alpha] 0, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened；The pressure p of gas, gas in the simultaneously continuous α of detection crank angle in real time, cylinder 25
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in cylinder 25, controller is according to the gas of air
Body equation and crank angle relation are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is the length of connecting rod, and n is polytropic coefficient, T ' for
Gas temperature in cylinder 25 at the end of a upper circulation, T1 ' are temperature before the exhaust solenoid valve 22 at the end of upper one circulation, and λ 1 is
The first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation If a upper circulation and the temperature difference increase measured in real time, illustrate that temperature reduction amount increases, then now A1 also increases, and leads to
Cross isothermal air inlet and close itemTo improve the pressure at expulsion priori value being calculated, air inlet
The shut-in time of magnetic valve 21 shifts to an earlier date, and playing prevents too fast expansion, reduces the temperature difference so that overall process is more nearly isothermal expansion
Process and then the effect for improving engine output.As pressure at expulsion priori value p ' >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve
21, wherein pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22,For the valve of every circulation
Duty pressure coefficient, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder 25, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder 25 minimum operating pressure, from
K1 expression formula can be seen that the close moment of the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 drawn according to the method both ensure that actual exhaust air pressure
More than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, Er Qieke
It is excessive with threshold values fluctuation caused by effectively preventing air pressure fluctuation, further prevent the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；
K2=0.001 × | T1 '-T2 ' |+1 is the bite correction factor of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively the exhaust of a upper circulation
Temperature after temperature and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before magnetic valve 22, because exhaust solenoid valve 2 is in the end of expansion process, it is easy to send out
Raw low temperature frosting causes the phenomenon of bite, | T1 '-T2 ' | show the front and rear temperature difference of exhaust solenoid valve 22 in a upper circulation more greatly more
Greatly, exhaust solenoid valve 22 is easier occurs frosting and causes bite, and now k2 is automatically increased to improve cylinder in this circulation
25 admission pressure threshold values, so as to increase the inlet pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22 to ensure that it is smoothly opened, in first circulation
When from command of execution k2=1.Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve 22；After exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 22 is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angle
When, close exhaust solenoid valve 22, α2For the threshold value being manually set, λ2For the second constant factor, pass through isothermal exc. item To play a part of closing exhaust solenoid valve 22 in advance, it is assumed herein that corner α is continuous
Increase, often turning over a circle increases by 360 °, understands that its value is always less than 1 by A2 expression formula, works as the temperature differenceIncrease
When A2 reduce, then the closedown condition value of exhaust solenoid valve 22 is lower, so that crank angle α can faster reach closedown condition
Value, from command of execution A2=1, one working cycles of so far engine system completion when in first circulation；In exhaust solenoid valve
In 22 periods opened, the meeting of regulating valve 23 of thermoregulator 24 according to temperature average in upper one cylinder 25 circulated and enters pneumoelectric
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve 23 before and after magnet valve 21, so as to adjusting the heat in pre- thermal sleeve 19 and heating muff 20
Coolant-temperature gage.Make λ1=0.0013, λ2=0.0022, h=9mm.
Preferably, because magnetic valve needs the reaction time to off or from breaking to leading to, in order to more accurately control
The break-make moment of magnetic valve on the basis of ideal position, it is necessary to set certain lead, and this lead can not
It is definite value, i.e., it not only should be relevant with the intrinsic reaction time of magnetic valve, (should also pass through with the specific angular velocity omega of bent axle
Corner α is obtained) it is relevant, variable lead as experiment proof can effectively improve the levels of precision of magnetic valve lead, from
And further improve the efficiency of engine system.Because intake and exhaust magnetic valve used is dead electricity normally closed solenoid valve,
It is powered after postponing and opens, is closed after power-off delay.Setting：The pulse generation of the rotational angle rotary encoder of bent axle is several times
Amount, 0-1023 pulse number scopes are corresponding with 0-360 °.The ideal position that air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened is 0 (0 °), the reason of closing
Think position for the pressure at expulsion priori value position equal with the Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22；The ideal that exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened
Position is 512 (180 °), and the ideal position of closing is 0 (0 °).Then the break-make electric position of intake and exhaust magnetic valve should be more dynamic than ideal
Make position to have shifted to an earlier date, in advance amount can by magnetic valve energization, power-off the reaction time and bent axle rotating speed by it is following it is various based on
Obtain：Air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve 22 uses is identical, unit：ms.
In the coal dust milling device of this embodiment, obtained simultaneously in the case of without using high-power power very big defeated
Go out torque；Replace motor to drive roller bearing using air motor, bigger output torque can be obtained；And devise one kind
New engine system, it can select the compressed air of different pressures according to rotating speed, and past from high-pressure air source in order to overcome
The shortcomings that low-pressure gas source easily produces " pressure vacuum phase " during switching, dexterously utilizes pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 and controller
Coordinate the smooth output that ensure that engine；The supply air line of the engine system is not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because
For energy loss caused by decompression；The Quasi-isothermal expansion process and pressure at expulsion of gas are organically combined, according to each
The temperature conditions of circulation and the priori value of pressure at expulsion determine the shut-in time of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, are not increasing additional investment
In the case of and reach good efficiency only by the algorithm can of modification controller and improve effect, while both rows of ensure that
Atmospheric pressure actual exhaust air pressure is more than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessively
Discharge loss, and use calculation formula can effectively prevent air pressure fluctuation caused by threshold values fluctuation it is excessive, further prevent
The only erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；According to the supply scheme without pressure-reducing valve, it is contemplated that the compression increase of cylinder 25,
Air leakage increases and the needs of heat exchange, has redesigned suitable air cylinder structure, and the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity compared with
Height, gas leakage significantly reduce, and make λ1=0.0013, λ2=0.0022, h=9mm, before experiment shows that its whole efficiency is not more engineered
5.8% is improved, air leakage reduces 8.1%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 3：
The high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type as shown in Figure 1, including rotating cylinder 1, steel ball 2 and engine system
System, engine system are connected by bent axle with the main shaft 3 of the rotating cylinder 1, and and then drive rotating cylinder to rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the engine system includes air pressure pump 2, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, started
Machine, exhaust solenoid valve 22, heat-exchange system and control system, the compressed air cylinder inside division are the higher-pressure region being disposed over
17 and the low-pressure area 16 that is arranged below, one end of higher-pressure region 17 passes through high pressure entry valve 14 and the phase of air pressure pump 11
Even, the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve 15 with the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, and one end of low-pressure area 16 passes through low-pressure inlet valve
12 are connected with the air pressure pump 11, and the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve 13 and the air inlet electromagnetism
Valve 21 is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The He of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Exhaust solenoid valve 22 is the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type.The compressed air of higher-pressure region 17 is used for when high engine speeds turn
Being used when dynamic, pressure limit is 15MPa~30MPa, and the compressed air of low-pressure area 16 is used to use when low engine speed rotates,
Pressure limit is 2MPa~10MPa, and specific switching condition can be set by actual conditions.Meanwhile inventor sends out through research
It is existing, when the compressed air of high pressure switches to the compressed air of low-pressure, due to being the state closed in air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Switch over, therefore the phenomenon that can be usually built the pressure in the pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15, cause low tension outlet valve 12 to be beaten
The pressure in pipeline can not be overcome to contribute after opening, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 often has the " pressure of a bit of time after opening
Cycle in time ", cause the output of engine unsmooth, therefore be additionally provided with switching relief pipeline, switch one end of relief pipeline with
Pipeline between the high-pressure outlet valve 15 and the low tension outlet valve 13 is connected, the top phase of the other end and the low-pressure area 16
Even, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve 18, when switching from high pressure toward low pressure, high-pressure outlet valve 15 close with
Afterwards, controller detects the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15 first, and by it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area 16,
As p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, at this time the pressure in pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is let out rapidly to low-pressure area 16, when
When detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is closed.Consider and save cost and pressure release effect, by the switching relief tube
The caliber in road is arranged to 1/4 that higher-pressure region 17 exports caliber.
The engine includes cylinder 25, piston 26, the bent axle being connected with piston 26, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flown
Wheel, flywheel (not shown) are arranged on one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve 22 is arranged on waste pipe road,
Discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve 22 is divided into two-way, directly arranges air all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way passes through regulation
Valve 23 enters thermoregulator 24, for outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator 24 to be adjusted, keeps the expansion of gas
Process is as close possible to isothermal expansion process, to improve the output of engine.The heat-exchange system is pipe type heat transfer including form
The thermoregulator 24 of device, the pre- thermal sleeve 19 being arranged on the left and right sides pipeline of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, it is arranged on cylinder 25
Heating muff 20, the purpose for setting pre- thermal sleeve 20 is to preheat, and ensure to the compressed air for entering cylinder 25
The temperature difference is uniform before and after air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, reduces thermal stress.The heat source of thermoregulator 24 from solar thermal collector or
The thermal source of other convenient connections (such as room heater) of person, constantly to pre- thermal sleeve 19 and added by heat-exchanger pump (not shown)
Thermal sleeve 20 supplies water, outlet outflow of the hot water after heating through sleeve pipe.
As shown in Figure 3-4, aluminium dividing plate 36 is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder 25, aluminium dividing plate 36 is annular, peace
Between outer casing wall and heating muff 20, aluminium dividing plate 36 is fixed on outer by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies 29
On casing wall, what heat conduction fixed body 29 was taken due to this programme in addition to fixation, on the one hand is not provided with after compressed air cylinder
Pressure-reducing valve, therefore admission pressure is very big, circumferential heat conduction is fixed, and 29 can play a part of the intensity of stiffened cylinder 25, on the other hand
Because heat conduction fixed body 29 employs Heat Conduction Material (such as the metal such as aluminum bronze), heat exchange can be strengthened.
In order to directly perceived, Fig. 5 gives schematic diagram when cylinder expands into plane, in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction fixed body 29
Between outer casing wall on to be also arranged at intervals with 3 to be folded to angle be 45 ° of baffle 27, the height of the baffle 27 is circumferential solid
Determine the 2/3 of body height, baffle 27 can effectively increase residence time of the hot water in the outside wall surface of cylinder 25, improve heat transfer effect.
Interlocking on aluminium dividing plate 36 and be disposed with multiple circular equal flowing water mouths 28, the water in sleeve pipe flows into and out from equal flowing water mouth 28, if
The purpose one of aluminium dividing plate 36 is put to be to strengthen heat exchange using the thermal conduction characteristic of aluminum metal, second, utilizing aluminium dividing plate 36 and equal flowing water mouth
28 slow down water flow velocity and uniform flux, exchange heat to further enhance and the cylinder is uniformly heated as far as possible；The interior table of aluminium dividing plate 36
Multiple spaced apart projections 30 are provided with face, for acting on the hot water turbulization of entrance to strengthen exchanging heat, and meanwhile it is convex
The height of block 30 is also unfit to do get Tai Gao, otherwise easily causes flow dead, conversely the turbulent flow if the height of projection 30 is too low
It is ineffective, through repeated tests, the height of projection 30 is arranged to the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate 36 and outer casing wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper surface of the piston 26 is additionally provided with multiple conical plungers 33 to raise up, plunger
Multiple adjoining spirals spiral salient 34 in opposite direction is provided with 33 surface, i.e., previous transport screw, the latter are reverse
Spiral, by that analogy, the purpose of plunger 33 and spiral salient 34 are that rationalization is carried out to charge air flow with by increasing in cylinder
Turbulent flow and the heat convection between stiffened cylinder inwall and gas in the jar；The piston 26 is overall in cylinder, its center outer surface
On be provided with the annular groove 31 of a depression, be disposed with multiple spaced fixing slots 32, fixing slot on annular groove 31
Soft thing 35 (such as cotton, sponge etc.), gap of the soft thing 35 through piston 26 and cylinder 25 are connected with 32
With the wall contacts of cylinder 25, the distance between the two neighboring fixing slot 32 is h.Inventor it has been investigated that, when adopting
During with air supply system without pressure-reducing valve, due to the increase of cylinder air pressure, the gap air leak between cylinder 25 and piston 26 can be than band
The system air leakage of pressure-reducing valve is bigger, it is therefore necessary to gap air leak is reduced using specific design, to improve the effect of engine
Rate.There is the soft thing 35 of preferable air-tightness using cotton, sponge etc., and use less arranged for interval, can be effectively smaller
Gas leakage between cylinder and piston；Experiment shows simultaneously, because supply gas pressure is higher, the friction between soft thing 35 and cylinder 25
Power almost can be ignored for the kinetic energy of piston 26, and arranged for interval and the soft thing 35 of discontinuous arrangement
Friction is effectively reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder (not shown), and it is used to turn on bent axle
Dynamic angular transition is corresponding umber of pulse, and the corner α of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse
Numerical value；The pressure value of the gas pressure in cylinder 25 that the controller record passes through pressure sensor detection etc., Yi Jitong
Temperature etc. after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in the cylinder 25 of excess temperature sensor detection
The temperature value at place.
After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection crank angle value α, when it reaches initially entering for setting
During gas angle [alpha] 0, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened；The pressure p of gas, gas in the simultaneously continuous α of detection crank angle in real time, cylinder 25
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in cylinder 25, controller is according to the gas of air
Body equation and crank angle relation are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is the length of connecting rod, and n is polytropic coefficient, T ' for
Gas temperature in cylinder 25 at the end of a upper circulation, T1 ' are temperature before the exhaust solenoid valve 22 at the end of upper one circulation, and λ 1 is
The first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation If a upper circulation and the temperature difference increase measured in real time, illustrate that temperature reduction amount increases, then now A1 also increases, and leads to
Cross isothermal air inlet and close itemTo improve the pressure at expulsion priori value being calculated, air inlet
The shut-in time of magnetic valve 21 shifts to an earlier date, and playing prevents too fast expansion, reduces the temperature difference so that overall process is more nearly isothermal expansion
Process and then the effect for improving engine output.As pressure at expulsion priori value p ' >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve
21, wherein pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22,For the valve of every circulation
Duty pressure coefficient, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder 25, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder 25 minimum operating pressure, from
K1 expression formula can be seen that the close moment of the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 drawn according to the method both ensure that actual exhaust air pressure
More than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, Er Qieke
It is excessive with threshold values fluctuation caused by effectively preventing air pressure fluctuation, further prevent the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；
K2=0.001 × | T1 '-T2 ' |+1 is the bite correction factor of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively the exhaust of a upper circulation
Temperature after temperature and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before magnetic valve 22, because exhaust solenoid valve 2 is in the end of expansion process, it is easy to send out
Raw low temperature frosting causes the phenomenon of bite, | T1 '-T2 ' | show the front and rear temperature difference of exhaust solenoid valve 22 in a upper circulation more greatly more
Greatly, exhaust solenoid valve 22 is easier occurs frosting and causes bite, and now k2 is automatically increased to improve cylinder in this circulation
25 admission pressure threshold values, so as to increase the inlet pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22 to ensure that it is smoothly opened, in first circulation
When from command of execution k2=1.Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve 22；After exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 22 is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angle
When, close exhaust solenoid valve 22, α2For the threshold value being manually set, λ2For the second constant factor, pass through isothermal exc. item To play a part of closing exhaust solenoid valve 22 in advance, it is assumed herein that corner α is continuous
Increase, often turning over a circle increases by 360 °, understands that its value is always less than 1 by A2 expression formula, works as the temperature differenceIncrease
When A2 reduce, then the closedown condition value of exhaust solenoid valve 22 is lower, so that crank angle α can faster reach closedown condition
Value, from command of execution A2=1, one working cycles of so far engine system completion when in first circulation；In exhaust solenoid valve
In 22 periods opened, the meeting of regulating valve 23 of thermoregulator 24 according to temperature average in upper one cylinder 25 circulated and enters pneumoelectric
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve 23 before and after magnet valve 21, so as to adjusting the heat in pre- thermal sleeve 19 and heating muff 20
Coolant-temperature gage.Make λ1=0.0015, λ2=0.0024, h=8mm.
Preferably, because magnetic valve needs the reaction time to off or from breaking to leading to, in order to more accurately control
The break-make moment of magnetic valve on the basis of ideal position, it is necessary to set certain lead, and this lead can not
It is definite value, i.e., it not only should be relevant with the intrinsic reaction time of magnetic valve, (should also pass through with the specific angular velocity omega of bent axle
Corner α is obtained) it is relevant, variable lead as experiment proof can effectively improve the levels of precision of magnetic valve lead, from
And further improve the efficiency of engine system.Because intake and exhaust magnetic valve used is dead electricity normally closed solenoid valve,
It is powered after postponing and opens, is closed after power-off delay.Setting：The pulse generation of the rotational angle rotary encoder of bent axle is several times
Amount, 0-1023 pulse number scopes are corresponding with 0-360 °.The ideal position that air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened is 0 (0 °), the reason of closing
Think position for the pressure at expulsion priori value position equal with the Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22；The ideal that exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened
Position is 512 (180 °), and the ideal position of closing is 0 (0 °).Then the break-make electric position of intake and exhaust magnetic valve should be more dynamic than ideal
Make position to have shifted to an earlier date, in advance amount can by magnetic valve energization, power-off the reaction time and bent axle rotating speed by it is following it is various based on
Obtain：Air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve 22 uses is identical, unit：ms.
In the coal dust milling device of this embodiment, obtained simultaneously in the case of without using high-power power very big defeated
Go out torque；Replace motor to drive roller bearing using air motor, bigger output torque can be obtained；And devise one kind
New engine system, it can select the compressed air of different pressures according to rotating speed, and past from high-pressure air source in order to overcome
The shortcomings that low-pressure gas source easily produces " pressure vacuum phase " during switching, dexterously utilizes pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 and controller
Coordinate the smooth output that ensure that engine；The supply air line of the engine system is not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because
For energy loss caused by decompression；The Quasi-isothermal expansion process and pressure at expulsion of gas are organically combined, according to each
The temperature conditions of circulation and the priori value of pressure at expulsion determine the shut-in time of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, are not increasing additional investment
In the case of and reach good efficiency only by the algorithm can of modification controller and improve effect, while both rows of ensure that
Atmospheric pressure actual exhaust air pressure is more than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessively
Discharge loss, and use calculation formula can effectively prevent air pressure fluctuation caused by threshold values fluctuation it is excessive, further prevent
The only erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；According to the supply scheme without pressure-reducing valve, it is contemplated that the compression increase of cylinder 25,
Air leakage increases and the needs of heat exchange, has redesigned suitable air cylinder structure, and the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity compared with
Height, gas leakage significantly reduce, and make λ1=0.0015, λ2=0.0024, h=8mm, before experiment shows that its whole efficiency is not more engineered
6.0% is improved, air leakage reduces 8.8%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 4：
The high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type as shown in Figure 1, including rotating cylinder 1, steel ball 2 and engine system
System, engine system are connected by bent axle with the main shaft 3 of the rotating cylinder 1, and and then drive rotating cylinder to rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the engine system includes air pressure pump 2, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, started
Machine, exhaust solenoid valve 22, heat-exchange system and control system, the compressed air cylinder inside division are the higher-pressure region being disposed over
17 and the low-pressure area 16 that is arranged below, one end of higher-pressure region 17 passes through high pressure entry valve 14 and the phase of air pressure pump 11
Even, the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve 15 with the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, and one end of low-pressure area 16 passes through low-pressure inlet valve
12 are connected with the air pressure pump 11, and the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve 13 and the air inlet electromagnetism
Valve 21 is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The He of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Exhaust solenoid valve 22 is the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type.The compressed air of higher-pressure region 17 is used for when high engine speeds turn
Being used when dynamic, pressure limit is 15MPa~30MPa, and the compressed air of low-pressure area 16 is used to use when low engine speed rotates,
Pressure limit is 2MPa~10MPa, and specific switching condition can be set by actual conditions.Meanwhile inventor sends out through research
It is existing, when the compressed air of high pressure switches to the compressed air of low-pressure, due to being the state closed in air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Switch over, therefore the phenomenon that can be usually built the pressure in the pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15, cause low tension outlet valve 12 to be beaten
The pressure in pipeline can not be overcome to contribute after opening, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 often has the " pressure of a bit of time after opening
Cycle in time ", cause the output of engine unsmooth, therefore be additionally provided with switching relief pipeline, switch one end of relief pipeline with
Pipeline between the high-pressure outlet valve 15 and the low tension outlet valve 13 is connected, the top phase of the other end and the low-pressure area 16
Even, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve 18, when switching from high pressure toward low pressure, high-pressure outlet valve 15 close with
Afterwards, controller detects the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15 first, and by it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area 16,
As p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, at this time the pressure in pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is let out rapidly to low-pressure area 16, when
When detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is closed.Consider and save cost and pressure release effect, by the switching relief tube
The caliber in road is arranged to 1/4 that higher-pressure region 17 exports caliber.
The engine includes cylinder 25, piston 26, the bent axle being connected with piston 26, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flown
Wheel, flywheel (not shown) are arranged on one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve 22 is arranged on waste pipe road,
Discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve 22 is divided into two-way, directly arranges air all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way passes through regulation
Valve 23 enters thermoregulator 24, for outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator 24 to be adjusted, keeps the expansion of gas
Process is as close possible to isothermal expansion process, to improve the output of engine.The heat-exchange system is pipe type heat transfer including form
The thermoregulator 24 of device, the pre- thermal sleeve 19 being arranged on the left and right sides pipeline of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, it is arranged on cylinder 25
Heating muff 20, the purpose for setting pre- thermal sleeve 20 is to preheat, and ensure to the compressed air for entering cylinder 25
The temperature difference is uniform before and after air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, reduces thermal stress.The heat source of thermoregulator 24 from solar thermal collector or
The thermal source of other convenient connections (such as room heater) of person, constantly to pre- thermal sleeve 19 and added by heat-exchanger pump (not shown)
Thermal sleeve 20 supplies water, outlet outflow of the hot water after heating through sleeve pipe.
As shown in Figure 3-4, aluminium dividing plate 36 is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder 25, aluminium dividing plate 36 is annular, peace
Between outer casing wall and heating muff 20, aluminium dividing plate 36 is fixed on outer by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies 29
On casing wall, what heat conduction fixed body 29 was taken due to this programme in addition to fixation, on the one hand is not provided with after compressed air cylinder
Pressure-reducing valve, therefore admission pressure is very big, circumferential heat conduction is fixed, and 29 can play a part of the intensity of stiffened cylinder 25, on the other hand
Because heat conduction fixed body 29 employs Heat Conduction Material (such as the metal such as aluminum bronze), heat exchange can be strengthened.
In order to directly perceived, Fig. 5 gives schematic diagram when cylinder expands into plane, in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction fixed body 29
Between outer casing wall on to be also arranged at intervals with 3 to be folded to angle be 45 ° of baffle 27, the height of the baffle 27 is circumferential solid
Determine the 2/3 of body height, baffle 27 can effectively increase residence time of the hot water in the outside wall surface of cylinder 25, improve heat transfer effect.
Interlocking on aluminium dividing plate 36 and be disposed with multiple circular equal flowing water mouths 28, the water in sleeve pipe flows into and out from equal flowing water mouth 28, if
The purpose one of aluminium dividing plate 36 is put to be to strengthen heat exchange using the thermal conduction characteristic of aluminum metal, second, utilizing aluminium dividing plate 36 and equal flowing water mouth
28 slow down water flow velocity and uniform flux, exchange heat to further enhance and the cylinder is uniformly heated as far as possible；The interior table of aluminium dividing plate 36
Multiple spaced apart projections 30 are provided with face, for acting on the hot water turbulization of entrance to strengthen exchanging heat, and meanwhile it is convex
The height of block 30 is also unfit to do get Tai Gao, otherwise easily causes flow dead, conversely the turbulent flow if the height of projection 30 is too low
It is ineffective, through repeated tests, the height of projection 30 is arranged to the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate 36 and outer casing wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper surface of the piston 26 is additionally provided with multiple conical plungers 33 to raise up, plunger
Multiple adjoining spirals spiral salient 34 in opposite direction is provided with 33 surface, i.e., previous transport screw, the latter are reverse
Spiral, by that analogy, the purpose of plunger 33 and spiral salient 34 are that rationalization is carried out to charge air flow with by increasing in cylinder
Turbulent flow and the heat convection between stiffened cylinder inwall and gas in the jar；The piston 26 is overall in cylinder, its center outer surface
On be provided with the annular groove 31 of a depression, be disposed with multiple spaced fixing slots 32, fixing slot on annular groove 31
Soft thing 35 (such as cotton, sponge etc.), gap of the soft thing 35 through piston 26 and cylinder 25 are connected with 32
With the wall contacts of cylinder 25, the distance between the two neighboring fixing slot 32 is h.Inventor it has been investigated that, when adopting
During with air supply system without pressure-reducing valve, due to the increase of cylinder air pressure, the gap air leak between cylinder 25 and piston 26 can be than band
The system air leakage of pressure-reducing valve is bigger, it is therefore necessary to gap air leak is reduced using specific design, to improve the effect of engine
Rate.There is the soft thing 35 of preferable air-tightness using cotton, sponge etc., and use less arranged for interval, can be effectively smaller
Gas leakage between cylinder and piston；Experiment shows simultaneously, because supply gas pressure is higher, the friction between soft thing 35 and cylinder 25
Power almost can be ignored for the kinetic energy of piston 26, and arranged for interval and the soft thing 35 of discontinuous arrangement
Friction is effectively reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder (not shown), and it is used to turn on bent axle
Dynamic angular transition is corresponding umber of pulse, and the corner α of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse
Numerical value；The pressure value of the gas pressure in cylinder 25 that the controller record passes through pressure sensor detection etc., Yi Jitong
Temperature etc. after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in the cylinder 25 of excess temperature sensor detection
The temperature value at place.
After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection crank angle value α, when it reaches initially entering for setting
During gas angle [alpha] 0, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened；The pressure p of gas, gas in the simultaneously continuous α of detection crank angle in real time, cylinder 25
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in cylinder 25, controller is according to the gas of air
Body equation and crank angle relation are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is the length of connecting rod, and n is polytropic coefficient, T ' for
Gas temperature in cylinder 25 at the end of a upper circulation, T1 ' are temperature before the exhaust solenoid valve 22 at the end of upper one circulation, and λ 1 is
The first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation If a upper circulation and the temperature difference increase measured in real time, illustrate that temperature reduction amount increases, then now A1 also increases, and leads to
Cross isothermal air inlet and close itemTo improve the pressure at expulsion priori value being calculated, air inlet
The shut-in time of magnetic valve 21 shifts to an earlier date, and playing prevents too fast expansion, reduces the temperature difference so that overall process is more nearly isothermal expansion
Process and then the effect for improving engine output.As pressure at expulsion priori value p ' >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve
21, wherein pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22,For the valve of every circulation
Duty pressure coefficient, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder 25, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder 25 minimum operating pressure, from
K1 expression formula can be seen that the close moment of the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 drawn according to the method both ensure that actual exhaust air pressure
More than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, Er Qieke
It is excessive with threshold values fluctuation caused by effectively preventing air pressure fluctuation, further prevent the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；
K2=0.001 × | T1 '-T2 ' |+1 is the bite correction factor of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively the exhaust of a upper circulation
Temperature after temperature and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before magnetic valve 22, because exhaust solenoid valve 2 is in the end of expansion process, it is easy to send out
Raw low temperature frosting causes the phenomenon of bite, | T1 '-T2 ' | show the front and rear temperature difference of exhaust solenoid valve 22 in a upper circulation more greatly more
Greatly, exhaust solenoid valve 22 is easier occurs frosting and causes bite, and now k2 is automatically increased to improve cylinder in this circulation
25 admission pressure threshold values, so as to increase the inlet pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22 to ensure that it is smoothly opened, in first circulation
When from command of execution k2=1.Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve 22；After exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 22 is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angle
When, close exhaust solenoid valve 22, α2For the threshold value being manually set, λ2For the second constant factor, pass through isothermal exc. item To play a part of closing exhaust solenoid valve 22 in advance, it is assumed herein that corner α is continuous
Increase, often turning over a circle increases by 360 °, understands that its value is always less than 1 by A2 expression formula, works as the temperature differenceIncrease
When A2 reduce, then the closedown condition value of exhaust solenoid valve 22 is lower, so that crank angle α can faster reach closedown condition
Value, from command of execution A2=1, one working cycles of so far engine system completion when in first circulation；In exhaust solenoid valve
In 22 periods opened, the meeting of regulating valve 23 of thermoregulator 24 according to temperature average in upper one cylinder 25 circulated and enters pneumoelectric
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve 23 before and after magnet valve 21, so as to adjusting the heat in pre- thermal sleeve 19 and heating muff 20
Coolant-temperature gage.Make λ1=0.0017, λ2=0.0026, h=7mm.
Preferably, because magnetic valve needs the reaction time to off or from breaking to leading to, in order to more accurately control
The break-make moment of magnetic valve on the basis of ideal position, it is necessary to set certain lead, and this lead can not
It is definite value, i.e., it not only should be relevant with the intrinsic reaction time of magnetic valve, (should also pass through with the specific angular velocity omega of bent axle
Corner α is obtained) it is relevant, variable lead as experiment proof can effectively improve the levels of precision of magnetic valve lead, from
And further improve the efficiency of engine system.Because intake and exhaust magnetic valve used is dead electricity normally closed solenoid valve,
It is powered after postponing and opens, is closed after power-off delay.Setting：The pulse generation of the rotational angle rotary encoder of bent axle is several times
Amount, 0-1023 pulse number scopes are corresponding with 0-360 °.The ideal position that air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened is 0 (0 °), the reason of closing
Think position for the pressure at expulsion priori value position equal with the Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22；The ideal that exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened
Position is 512 (180 °), and the ideal position of closing is 0 (0 °).Then the break-make electric position of intake and exhaust magnetic valve should be more dynamic than ideal
Make position to have shifted to an earlier date, in advance amount can by magnetic valve energization, power-off the reaction time and bent axle rotating speed by it is following it is various based on
Obtain：Air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve 22 uses is identical, unit：ms.
In the coal dust milling device of this embodiment, obtained simultaneously in the case of without using high-power power very big defeated
Go out torque；Replace motor to drive roller bearing using air motor, bigger output torque can be obtained；And devise one kind
New engine system, it can select the compressed air of different pressures according to rotating speed, and past from high-pressure air source in order to overcome
The shortcomings that low-pressure gas source easily produces " pressure vacuum phase " during switching, dexterously utilizes pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 and controller
Coordinate the smooth output that ensure that engine；The supply air line of the engine system is not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because
For energy loss caused by decompression；The Quasi-isothermal expansion process and pressure at expulsion of gas are organically combined, according to each
The temperature conditions of circulation and the priori value of pressure at expulsion determine the shut-in time of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, are not increasing additional investment
In the case of and reach good efficiency only by the algorithm can of modification controller and improve effect, while both rows of ensure that
Atmospheric pressure actual exhaust air pressure is more than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessively
Discharge loss, and use calculation formula can effectively prevent air pressure fluctuation caused by threshold values fluctuation it is excessive, further prevent
The only erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；According to the supply scheme without pressure-reducing valve, it is contemplated that the compression increase of cylinder 25,
Air leakage increases and the needs of heat exchange, has redesigned suitable air cylinder structure, and the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity compared with
Height, gas leakage significantly reduce, and make λ1=0.0017, λ2=0.0026, h=7mm, before experiment shows that its whole efficiency is not more engineered
6.5% is improved, air leakage reduces 9.4%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 5：
The high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type as shown in Figure 1, including including rotating cylinder 1, steel ball 2 and engine
System, engine system are connected by bent axle with the main shaft 3 of the rotating cylinder 1, and and then drive rotating cylinder to rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2 the engine system includes air pressure pump 2, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, started
Machine, exhaust solenoid valve 22, heat-exchange system and control system, the compressed air cylinder inside division are the higher-pressure region being disposed over
17 and the low-pressure area 16 that is arranged below, one end of higher-pressure region 17 passes through high pressure entry valve 14 and the phase of air pressure pump 11
Even, the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve 15 with the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, and one end of low-pressure area 16 passes through low-pressure inlet valve
12 are connected with the air pressure pump 11, and the other end passes sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve 13 and the air inlet electromagnetism
Valve 21 is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；The He of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Exhaust solenoid valve 22 is the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type.The compressed air of higher-pressure region 17 is used for when high engine speeds turn
Being used when dynamic, pressure limit is 15MPa~30MPa, and the compressed air of low-pressure area 16 is used to use when low engine speed rotates,
Pressure limit is 2MPa~10MPa, and specific switching condition can be set by actual conditions.Meanwhile inventor sends out through research
It is existing, when the compressed air of high pressure switches to the compressed air of low-pressure, due to being the state closed in air inlet electromagnetic valve 21
Switch over, therefore the phenomenon that can be usually built the pressure in the pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15, cause low tension outlet valve 12 to be beaten
The pressure in pipeline can not be overcome to contribute after opening, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 often has the " pressure of a bit of time after opening
Cycle in time ", cause the output of engine unsmooth, therefore be additionally provided with switching relief pipeline, switch one end of relief pipeline with
Pipeline between the high-pressure outlet valve 15 and the low tension outlet valve 13 is connected, the top phase of the other end and the low-pressure area 16
Even, switch relief pipeline on be provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve 18, when switching from high pressure toward low pressure, high-pressure outlet valve 15 close with
Afterwards, controller detects the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve 15 first, and by it compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area 16,
As p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, at this time the pressure in pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is let out rapidly to low-pressure area 16, when
When detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 is closed.Consider and save cost and pressure release effect, by the switching relief tube
The caliber in road is arranged to 1/4 that higher-pressure region 17 exports caliber.
The engine includes cylinder 25, piston 26, the bent axle being connected with piston 26, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flown
Wheel, flywheel (not shown) are arranged on one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve 22 is arranged on waste pipe road,
Discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve 22 is divided into two-way, directly arranges air all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way passes through regulation
Valve 23 enters thermoregulator 24, for outlet hot water's temperature of thermoregulator 24 to be adjusted, keeps the expansion of gas
Process is as close possible to isothermal expansion process, to improve the output of engine.The heat-exchange system is pipe type heat transfer including form
The thermoregulator 24 of device, the pre- thermal sleeve 19 being arranged on the left and right sides pipeline of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, it is arranged on cylinder 25
Heating muff 20, the purpose for setting pre- thermal sleeve 20 is to preheat, and ensure to the compressed air for entering cylinder 25
The temperature difference is uniform before and after air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, reduces thermal stress.The heat source of thermoregulator 24 from solar thermal collector or
The thermal source of other convenient connections (such as room heater) of person, constantly to pre- thermal sleeve 19 and added by heat-exchanger pump (not shown)
Thermal sleeve 20 supplies water, outlet outflow of the hot water after heating through sleeve pipe.
As shown in Figure 3-4, aluminium dividing plate 36 is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder 25, aluminium dividing plate 36 is annular, peace
Between outer casing wall and heating muff 20, aluminium dividing plate 36 is fixed on outer by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies 29
On casing wall, what heat conduction fixed body 29 was taken due to this programme in addition to fixation, on the one hand is not provided with after compressed air cylinder
Pressure-reducing valve, therefore admission pressure is very big, circumferential heat conduction is fixed, and 29 can play a part of the intensity of stiffened cylinder 25, on the other hand
Because heat conduction fixed body 29 employs Heat Conduction Material (such as the metal such as aluminum bronze), heat exchange can be strengthened.
In order to directly perceived, Fig. 5 gives schematic diagram when cylinder expands into plane, in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction fixed body 29
Between outer casing wall on to be also arranged at intervals with 3 to be folded to angle be 45 ° of baffle 27, the height of the baffle 27 is circumferential solid
Determine the 2/3 of body height, baffle 27 can effectively increase residence time of the hot water in the outside wall surface of cylinder 25, improve heat transfer effect.
Interlocking on aluminium dividing plate 36 and be disposed with multiple circular equal flowing water mouths 28, the water in sleeve pipe flows into and out from equal flowing water mouth 28, if
The purpose one of aluminium dividing plate 36 is put to be to strengthen heat exchange using the thermal conduction characteristic of aluminum metal, second, utilizing aluminium dividing plate 36 and equal flowing water mouth
28 slow down water flow velocity and uniform flux, exchange heat to further enhance and the cylinder is uniformly heated as far as possible；The interior table of aluminium dividing plate 36
Multiple spaced apart projections 30 are provided with face, for acting on the hot water turbulization of entrance to strengthen exchanging heat, and meanwhile it is convex
The height of block 30 is also unfit to do get Tai Gao, otherwise easily causes flow dead, conversely the turbulent flow if the height of projection 30 is too low
It is ineffective, through repeated tests, the height of projection 30 is arranged to the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate 36 and outer casing wall.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper surface of the piston 26 is additionally provided with multiple conical plungers 33 to raise up, plunger
Multiple adjoining spirals spiral salient 34 in opposite direction is provided with 33 surface, i.e., previous transport screw, the latter are reverse
Spiral, by that analogy, the purpose of plunger 33 and spiral salient 34 are that rationalization is carried out to charge air flow with by increasing in cylinder
Turbulent flow and the heat convection between stiffened cylinder inwall and gas in the jar；The piston 26 is overall in cylinder, its center outer surface
On be provided with the annular groove 31 of a depression, be disposed with multiple spaced fixing slots 32, fixing slot on annular groove 31
Soft thing 35 (such as cotton, sponge etc.), gap of the soft thing 35 through piston 26 and cylinder 25 are connected with 32
With the wall contacts of cylinder 25, the distance between the two neighboring fixing slot 32 is h.Inventor it has been investigated that, when adopting
During with air supply system without pressure-reducing valve, due to the increase of cylinder air pressure, the gap air leak between cylinder 25 and piston 26 can be than band
The system air leakage of pressure-reducing valve is bigger, it is therefore necessary to gap air leak is reduced using specific design, to improve the effect of engine
Rate.There is the soft thing 35 of preferable air-tightness using cotton, sponge etc., and use less arranged for interval, can be effectively smaller
Gas leakage between cylinder and piston；Experiment shows simultaneously, because supply gas pressure is higher, the friction between soft thing 35 and cylinder 25
Power almost can be ignored for the kinetic energy of piston 26, and arranged for interval and the soft thing 35 of discontinuous arrangement
Friction is effectively reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of engine.
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder (not shown), and it is used to turn on bent axle
Dynamic angular transition is corresponding umber of pulse, and the corner α of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse
Numerical value；The pressure value of the gas pressure in cylinder 25 that the controller record passes through pressure sensor detection etc., Yi Jitong
Temperature etc. after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in the cylinder 25 of excess temperature sensor detection
The temperature value at place.
After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection crank angle value α, when it reaches initially entering for setting
During gas angle [alpha] 0, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened；The pressure p of gas, gas in the simultaneously continuous α of detection crank angle in real time, cylinder 25
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve 22 in cylinder 25, controller is according to the gas of air
Body equation and crank angle relation are calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is the length of connecting rod, and n is polytropic coefficient, T ' for
Gas temperature in cylinder 25 at the end of a upper circulation, T1 ' are temperature before the exhaust solenoid valve 22 at the end of upper one circulation, and λ 1 is
The first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation If a upper circulation and the temperature difference increase measured in real time, illustrate that temperature reduction amount increases, then now A1 also increases, and leads to
Cross isothermal air inlet and close itemTo improve the pressure at expulsion priori value being calculated, air inlet
The shut-in time of magnetic valve 21 shifts to an earlier date, and playing prevents too fast expansion, reduces the temperature difference so that overall process is more nearly isothermal expansion
Process and then the effect for improving engine output.As pressure at expulsion priori value p ' >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve
21, wherein pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22,For the valve of every circulation
Duty pressure coefficient, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder 25, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder 25 minimum operating pressure, from
K1 expression formula can be seen that the close moment of the air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 drawn according to the method both ensure that actual exhaust air pressure
More than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessive discharge loss, Er Qieke
It is excessive with threshold values fluctuation caused by effectively preventing air pressure fluctuation, further prevent the erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；
K2=0.001 × | T1 '-T2 ' |+1 is the bite correction factor of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively the exhaust of a upper circulation
Temperature after temperature and exhaust solenoid valve 22 before magnetic valve 22, because exhaust solenoid valve 2 is in the end of expansion process, it is easy to send out
Raw low temperature frosting causes the phenomenon of bite, | T1 '-T2 ' | show the front and rear temperature difference of exhaust solenoid valve 22 in a upper circulation more greatly more
Greatly, exhaust solenoid valve 22 is easier occurs frosting and causes bite, and now k2 is automatically increased to improve cylinder in this circulation
25 admission pressure threshold values, so as to increase the inlet pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22 to ensure that it is smoothly opened, in first circulation
When from command of execution k2=1.Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve 22；After exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 22 is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angle
When, close exhaust solenoid valve 22, α2For the threshold value being manually set, λ2For the second constant factor, pass through isothermal exc. item To play a part of closing exhaust solenoid valve 22 in advance, it is assumed herein that corner α is continuous
Increase, often turning over a circle increases by 360 °, understands that its value is always less than 1 by A2 expression formula, works as the temperature differenceIncrease
When A2 reduce, then the closedown condition value of exhaust solenoid valve 22 is lower, so that crank angle α can faster reach closedown condition
Value, from command of execution A2=1, one working cycles of so far engine system completion when in first circulation；In exhaust solenoid valve
In 22 periods opened, the meeting of regulating valve 23 of thermoregulator 24 according to temperature average in upper one cylinder 25 circulated and enters pneumoelectric
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve 23 before and after magnet valve 21, so as to adjusting the heat in pre- thermal sleeve 19 and heating muff 20
Coolant-temperature gage.Make λ1=0.0019, λ2=0.0028, h=6mm.
Preferably, because magnetic valve needs the reaction time to off or from breaking to leading to, in order to more accurately control
The break-make moment of magnetic valve on the basis of ideal position, it is necessary to set certain lead, and this lead can not
It is definite value, i.e., it not only should be relevant with the intrinsic reaction time of magnetic valve, (should also pass through with the specific angular velocity omega of bent axle
Corner α is obtained) it is relevant, variable lead as experiment proof can effectively improve the levels of precision of magnetic valve lead, from
And further improve the efficiency of engine system.Because intake and exhaust magnetic valve used is dead electricity normally closed solenoid valve,
It is powered after postponing and opens, is closed after power-off delay.Setting：The pulse generation of the rotational angle rotary encoder of bent axle is several times
Amount, 0-1023 pulse number scopes are corresponding with 0-360 °.The ideal position that air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened is 0 (0 °), the reason of closing
Think position for the pressure at expulsion priori value position equal with the Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve 22；The ideal that exhaust solenoid valve 22 is opened
Position is 512 (180 °), and the ideal position of closing is 0 (0 °).Then the break-make electric position of intake and exhaust magnetic valve should be more dynamic than ideal
Make position to have shifted to an earlier date, in advance amount can by magnetic valve energization, power-off the reaction time and bent axle rotating speed by it is following it is various based on
Obtain：Air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 open lead beExhaust solenoid valve 22 close lead beWherein ω is bent axle
Angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide electromagnetic valve is powered reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve 21 and exhaust electricity
The reaction time that magnet valve 22 uses is identical, unit：ms.
In the coal dust milling device of this embodiment, obtained simultaneously in the case of without using high-power power very big defeated
Go out torque；Replace motor to drive roller bearing using air motor, bigger output torque can be obtained；And devise one kind
New engine system, it can select the compressed air of different pressures according to rotating speed, and past from high-pressure air source in order to overcome
The shortcomings that low-pressure gas source easily produces " pressure vacuum phase " during switching, dexterously utilizes pressure release electromagnetic valve 18 and controller
Coordinate the smooth output that ensure that engine；The supply air line of the engine system is not provided with pressure-reducing valve, can greatly reduce because
For energy loss caused by decompression；The Quasi-isothermal expansion process and pressure at expulsion of gas are organically combined, according to each
The temperature conditions of circulation and the priori value of pressure at expulsion determine the shut-in time of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21, are not increasing additional investment
In the case of and reach good efficiency only by the algorithm can of modification controller and improve effect, while both rows of ensure that
Atmospheric pressure actual exhaust air pressure is more than the unlatching threshold values of exhaust solenoid valve 22, and in turn ensure that, which will not be higher by threshold values, excessively causes excessively
Discharge loss, and use calculation formula can effectively prevent air pressure fluctuation caused by threshold values fluctuation it is excessive, further prevent
The only erroneous judgement of the close moment of air inlet electromagnetic valve 21；According to the supply scheme without pressure-reducing valve, it is contemplated that the compression increase of cylinder 25,
Air leakage increases and the needs of heat exchange, has redesigned suitable air cylinder structure, and the cylinder heat transfer effect is strong, and bearing capacity compared with
Height, gas leakage significantly reduce, and make λ1=0.0019, λ2=0.0028, h=6mm, before experiment shows that its whole efficiency is not more engineered
6.8% is improved, air leakage reduces 10.5%, achieves unexpected effect.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high-power coal dust milling device of electricity-saving type, it is characterized in that, including rotating cylinder, steel ball and engine system, start
Machine system is connected by bent axle with the main shaft of the rotating cylinder, and and then drives rotating cylinder to rotate；The engine system includes
Air pressure pump, compressed air cylinder, air inlet electromagnetic valve, engine, exhaust solenoid valve, heat-exchange system and control system, the pressure
Contracting air tank inside division is the higher-pressure region being disposed over and the low-pressure area being arranged below, and one end of higher-pressure region passes through high pressure
Inlet valve is connected with the air pressure pump, and the other end is connected by high-pressure outlet valve with the air inlet electromagnetic valve, low-pressure area
One end is connected by low-pressure inlet valve with the air pressure pump, the other end pass sequentially through inlet non return check valve, low tension outlet valve with
The air inlet electromagnetic valve is connected, and air inlet electromagnetic valve provides the compressed air of high pressure or low pressure to the engine；It is described enter pneumoelectric
Magnet valve and exhaust solenoid valve are the guide electromagnetic valve of dead electricity normally closed type；
Also include switching relief pipeline, switch between one end of relief pipeline and the high-pressure outlet valve and the low tension outlet valve
Pipeline be connected, the other end is connected with the top of the low-pressure area, switches and is provided with pressure release electromagnetic valve on relief pipeline, when from height
Press toward during low pressure switching, after high-pressure outlet valve is closed, detect the pressure value p1 on pipeline after high-pressure outlet valve first, and by its
Compared with the pressure p 2 of low-pressure area, as p1 ＞ p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve is opened, the pressure switched in relief valve is let out rapidly to low
In nip, when detecting p1≤p2, pressure release electromagnetic valve is closed, and open air inlet electromagnetic valve；The pipe of the switching relief pipeline
Footpath is that higher-pressure region exports the 1/4 of caliber；
The engine includes cylinder, piston, the bent axle being connected with piston, and bent axle includes crank, connecting rod and flywheel, flywheel installation
In one end of bent axle；The exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on waste pipe road, the discharge duct after exhaust solenoid valve point
For two-way, air is directly arranged all the way or goes refrigeration system, another way enters thermoregulator by regulating valve, for temperature
Outlet hot water's temperature of adjuster；The heat-exchange system includes the thermoregulator that form is pipe heat exchanger, is arranged in air inlet
Pre- thermal sleeve at left and right sides of magnetic valve on pipeline, the heating muff being arranged on cylinder, the heat source of thermoregulator lead to
Overheat water pump constantly to supply water to pre- thermal sleeve and heating muff, the outlet stream through above-mentioned two sleeve pipe respectively of the hot water after heating
Go out；Aluminium dividing plate is additionally provided with the outer casing wall of the cylinder, aluminium dividing plate is annular, installed in outer casing wall and heating muff it
Between, aluminium dividing plate is fixed on outer casing wall by multiple spaced apart circumferential heat conduction fixed bodies, is consolidated in two neighboring circumferential heat conduction
Determine also to be arranged at intervals with 3 on the outer casing wall between body and be folded to the baffle that angle is 45 °, the height of the baffle is Zhou guide
The 2/3 of heat fixation body height；Multiple circular equal flowing water mouths staggeredly are disposed with aluminium dividing plate, are provided with the inner surface of aluminium dividing plate
Multiple spaced apart projections, the height of projection is the 1/5 of the distance between aluminium dividing plate and outer casing wall；The upper surface of the piston
Multiple conical plungers to raise up are additionally provided with, multiple adjoining spirals spiral shell in opposite direction is provided with the surface of plunger
Rotation is raised；The piston is in integrally cylinder, and the annular groove of a depression is provided with its center outer surface, is arranged on annular groove
There are multiple spaced fixing slots, soft thing is connected with fixing slot, the soft thing is through piston and cylinder
Gap and the distance between the wall contacts, the two neighboring fixing slot of cylinder be h；
The shaft end of the bent axle is provided with Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder, for the rotational angle of bent axle to be converted to accordingly
Umber of pulse, the corner α numerical value of bent axle is provided to the controller of air motor in the form of count pulse；The controller record
Gas temperature in the gas pressure in cylinder detected by pressure sensor, and the cylinder for passing through temperature sensor detection
Temperature after temperature, exhaust solenoid valve before degree, exhaust solenoid valve；After enabling signal is come, Incremental Photoelectric Rotary Encoder detection is bent
Shaft angle value, when it reaches the initial charge angle [alpha] of setting0When, open air inlet electromagnetic valve；Constantly detection bent axle turns in real time simultaneously
Temperature T2 after temperature T1 and exhaust solenoid valve before angle α, the pressure p of cylinder interior gas, cylinder interior gas temperature T, exhaust solenoid valve,
Controller is calculated as follows to obtain pressure at expulsion priori value p ' according to the gas equation and crank angle relation of air： Wherein r is the length of crank, and l is connecting rod
Length, n are polytropic coefficient, and T ' is the cylinder interior gas temperature at the end of upper one circulation, and T1 ' is the exhaust at the end of upper one circulation
Temperature before magnetic valve, λ1For the first constant factor, item is closed from the air inlet of command of execution isothermal if being currently first circulation As pressure at expulsion priori value p ＇ >=k1 × k2 × pomWhen close air inlet electromagnetic valve, its
Middle pomFor the specified Opening pressure of exhaust solenoid valve,For the threshold pressure system of every circulation
Number, pmaxFor the maximum working pressure of every circulation cylinder, pminFor it is every circulation cylinder minimum operating pressure, k2=0.001 × | T1
'-T2 ' |+1 is exhaust solenoid valve bite correction factor, and T1 ', T2 ' they are respectively temperature and row before upper one exhaust solenoid valve circulated
Temperature after pneumoelectric magnet valve；Hereafter continue to detect crank angle α, when α reaches the air bleeding valve open angle α of setting1When, open exhaust
Magnetic valve；After exhaust solenoid valve is opened, continue to detect crank angle, when the initial charge angle [alpha] for reaching setting0When, enter pneumoelectric
Magnet valve is again turned on, until when crank angle α reaches exhaust valve closure angleWhen, close
Close exhaust solenoid valve, wherein α2For the threshold value being manually set,For isothermal exc. item,
λ 2 is the second constant factor, is followed when in first circulation from command of execution A2=1, one work of so far engine system completion
Ring；In the period that exhaust solenoid valve is opened, the regulating valve of exhaust solenoid valve to thermoregulator can be according to the gas of upper one circulation
Temperature feedback value controls to adjust the aperture of valve before and after cylinder temperature average and air inlet electromagnetic valve, so as to adjust pre- thermal sleeve and plus
Hot water temperature in thermal sleeve；Make λ1=0.0011, λ2=0.0020, h=10mm.
2. the high-power coal dust milling device of a kind of electricity-saving type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, air inlet electromagnetic valve is opened
Lead beExhaust solenoid valve open lead beExhaust electricity
Magnet valve close lead beWherein ω be bent axle angular speed, U1、U2Respectively guide type electromagnetic
Valve energization reaction time and power-off reaction time, air inlet electromagnetic valve are identical with the reaction time that exhaust solenoid valve uses.
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| US5667158A (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1997-09-16 | Glaxo Wellcome Inc. | Automated blend reclaim system for pharmaceutical tablet compression machine |
| EP1873319A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-01-02 | Max Co., Ltd. | Portable facilitated toilet apparatus |
| CN203525844U (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-04-09 | 上海典扬实业有限公司 | Grinding equipment |
| CN204170759U (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-25 | 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 | A kind of coal pulverizer comprising desanding system |
| CN104815738B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-04-12 | 安徽华晶机械股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste batched processing device and use method of same |
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Effective date of registration: 20171108 Address after: 225400 Jiangsu city of Taizhou province Taixing Economic Development Zone East Industrial Park Applicant after: Taixing Chengdong Afforestation Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: Zhenhai District 315202 Zhejiang city of Ningbo Province Rong Luo Road No. 372 Applicant before: Shi Jianhua |
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