CN105810859B - Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery - Google Patents

Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105810859B
CN105810859B CN201610351415.2A CN201610351415A CN105810859B CN 105810859 B CN105810859 B CN 105810859B CN 201610351415 A CN201610351415 A CN 201610351415A CN 105810859 B CN105810859 B CN 105810859B
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China
Prior art keywords
fire
retardant
secondary cell
box body
explosion
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CN201610351415.2A
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CN105810859A (en
Inventor
王宗源
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Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610351415.2A priority Critical patent/CN105810859B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a secondary battery top cap and secondary battery, wherein, the secondary battery top cap includes the lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retardant device, the explosion-proof hole has been seted up on the lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve sets up on the lamina tecti and sealed explosion-proof hole, fire-retardant device is located the below at the lamina tecti and corresponds the explosion-proof valve setting, leave exhaust passage between fire-retardant device and the explosion-proof valve, fire-retardant device includes fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, fire-retardant box body has the cavity, the fire retardant setting is in the cavity, when fire-retardant box body reaches the melting point, fire-retardant box body melts and releases the. The application provides a secondary cell top cap and secondary cell have the flame retardant device of fire retardant through the setting, and when the battery was unexpected and produced a large amount of gases and the temperature sharply rose because charge improper, short circuit, striking or expose in adverse circumstances such as high temperature, flame retardant device was heated and is melted and releases its built-in fire retardant to electric core inside to reduce the flammability of electrolyte, improved the security performance of battery.

Description

A kind of secondary cell top cover and secondary cell
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of lithium ion, more particularly to a kind of can effectively improve the two of battery safety Primary cell top cover and secondary cell.
Background technology
With the development and the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness of social economy, chargeable secondary cell is by increasing electricity Device equipment elects power supply, such as electric tool, energy storage station and electric automobile as.This is the application and development of chargeable secondary cell Provide wide space.Due to electric automobile and energy storage station etc. generally require lithium-ion-power cell using Large Copacity as Power supply, but Large Copacity also implies that excessive risk.When battery is due to improper, short-circuit, shock or severe exposed to high temperature etc. of charging When occurring unexpected in environment, the battery of high-energy will produce substantial amounts of gas and temperature drastically raises, a large amount of High Temperature Gas Body carries out pressure release by explosion-proof valve, easily triggers second accident, the security performance of battery cannot get powerful guarantee, the life to people Life safety belt greatly threatens.
Existing mainly used for the problem adds fire retardant in the electrolyte of battery, and fire retardant can reduce electrolysis The combustibility of liquid, but directly can be negatively affected fire retardant addition to the chemical property of battery in the electrolytic solution, shadow Ring the normal work of battery.Therefore, a kind of secondary cell that can effectively improve battery safety of exploitation is needed badly, it is existing to solve There is above mentioned problem existing for technology.
The content of the invention
This application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover and secondary cell, and it, which is efficiently solved, directly exists fire retardant addition The problem of secondary cell chemical property is influenceed in electrolyte.
This application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover, including lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retarding device, the lamina tecti On offer explosionproof hole, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the lamina tecti and seals the explosionproof hole, and the fire-retarding device is located at Set in the lower section of the lamina tecti and the corresponding explosion-proof valve, it is logical that exhaust is left between the fire-retarding device and the explosion-proof valve Road, the fire-retarding device include fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, and the fire-retardant box body has cavity, and the fire retardant is arranged on described In cavity, when the fire-retardant box body reaches fusing point, the fire-retardant box body melts and discharges the fire retardant.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the fire-retardant box body is provided with weak area, and the thickness of the weak area is less than described where it The thickness of bottom surface.
Preferably, the weak area is the deep gouge being arranged on the bottom surface.
Preferably, the fire-retardant box body includes back box and lid, and the cavity is surrounded by the back box and the lid, and The fire retardant is sealingly disposed in the cavity.
Preferably, the back box and the lid are integral type structure, and the fire-retardant box body also includes sealing-plug, the box Cover and offer through hole, the sealing-plug seals the through hole.
Preferably, the lid also includes positioning convex, and the positioning convex is arranged on the lid towards the cavity Side, and the edge of the corresponding cavity is set so that the lid passes through the positioning convex and positioned with the back box.
Preferably, the back box also includes epitaxy part, and the epitaxy part is by the edge of the back box along parallel to top cover The direction of plate extends to be formed, and the epitaxy part is provided with passage.
Preferably, the epitaxy part is provided with hole clipping, and the lamina tecti is correspondingly arranged buckle, and the fire-retardant box body passes through institute The cooperation for stating buckle and the hole clipping is fixed on the lamina tecti.
Preferably, in addition to liquid injection hole and boss, the liquid injection hole and the boss are set on the lamina tecti, described convex Platform is arranged on the top of the lamina tecti around the explosionproof hole.
A kind of secondary cell, the secondary cell include battery core and above-mentioned secondary cell top cover.
The technical scheme that the application provides can reach following beneficial effect:
Secondary cell top cover provided herein and the secondary cell with the secondary cell top cover will be with fire retardants Fire-retarding device be arranged on the lower section of explosion-proof valve, battery due to charge it is improper, short-circuit, hit or exposed to the severe ring such as high temperature Occur unexpected in border and produce substantial amounts of gas and when temperature drastically raises, gas caused by inside battery core by explosion-proof valve and When discharge, fire-retarding device melted by heat simultaneously discharges the fire retardant built in it to battery core, so as to reduce the flammable of electrolyte Property, improve the security performance of battery.
It should be appreciated that the general description and following detailed description of the above are only exemplary, this can not be limited Application.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation one that Fig. 1 is coordinated by the fire-retarding device that the embodiment of the present application provides with lamina tecti;
The structural representation two that Fig. 2 is coordinated by the fire-retarding device that the embodiment of the present application provides with lamina tecti;
The decomposing schematic representation figure that Fig. 3 is coordinated by the fire-retarding device that the embodiment of the present application provides with lamina tecti;
The structural representation for the fire-retarding device that Fig. 4 is provided by the embodiment of the present application;
The structural representation for the secondary cell that Fig. 5 is provided by the embodiment of the present application.
1st, battery core;2nd, battery cap;21st, lamina tecti;211st, explosionproof hole;212nd, buckle;22nd, explosion-proof valve;23rd, fire-retardant dress Put;231st, fire-retardant box body;2311st, cavity;2312nd, weak area;2313rd, back box;2314th, lid;2314a, positioning convex; 2314b, epitaxy part;2314c, passage;2314d, hole clipping;2315th, sealing-plug;232nd, fire retardant;24th, exhaust passage;25th, note Fluid apertures;26th, boss.
Accompanying drawing herein is merged in specification and forms the part of this specification, shows the implementation for meeting the application Example, and be used to together with specification to explain the principle of the application.
Embodiment
The application is described in further detail below by specific embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing." preceding " in text, " rear ", "left", "right", " on ", " under " using the laying state of the secondary cell top cover in accompanying drawing as reference.
Secondary cell can because charge it is improper, be shorted or exposed in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature and accident, while battery core 1 occur Interior to produce substantial amounts of gas and temperature drastically raises, a large amount of high-temperature gases are carrying out pressure release by explosion-proof valve 22, easily draw Send out second accident.In order to avoid the generation of second accident, prior art is more to be directly appended to fire retardant in the electrolyte of battery core 1 232, fire retardant 232 can effectively reduce the combustibility of electrolyte, improve the security performance of battery core 1, but directly in battery core 1 It is middle addition fire retardant 232 there is also it is larger the drawbacks of, the various complexity of the composition of fire retardant 232, directly added in the electrolytic solution The chemical property of battery can be impacted, gas such as easily be produced under nominal situation environment, and then influence battery Security performance.
Adverse effect of the fire retardant 232 to the chemical property of battery is directly added in the electrolytic solution in order to overcome, and is such as schemed Shown in 1-5, this application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover 2, and it includes lamina tecti 21, explosion-proof valve 22 and fire-retarding device 23, Explosionproof hole 211 is offered on lamina tecti 21, explosion-proof valve 22 is arranged on lamina tecti 21 and sealed explosion-proof hole 211, fire-retarding device 23 Set, fire-retardant and can enough can either be hindered in time when explosion-proof valve 22 is opened positioned in the lower section of lamina tecti 21 and corresponding explosion-proof valve 22 Mars caused by the inside of gear battery core 1 together sprays with gas, avoids triggering second accident, between fire-retarding device 23 and explosion-proof valve 22 Exhaust passage 24 is left, is easy to battery core 1 extremely to rush explosion-proof valve 22 by the release of exhaust passage 24 because of gas caused by temperature rise Broken, the exhaust passage 24 is connected with the space of the lower section of explosion-proof valve 22, it is ensured that gas can be circulated to anti-by exhaust passage 24 The quick-fried lower section of valve 22, so as to discharge gas in time, avoid and hindered because fire-retarding device 23 stops explosion-proof valve 22 inside battery core 1 because of height The circulation of gas caused by temperature is even discharged, and then the danger exploded.
The application can either effectively be stopped that and can is enough using positioned at resistance using fire-retarding device 23 to solid Mars particle The structure high-efficiency exhaust of exhaust passage 24 between device 23 and explosion-proof valve 22 is fired, is reduced inside battery core 1 because of exhaust efficiency deficiency Cause internal pressure rise to cause the risk of blast, improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.And fire-retarding device 23 is arranged on top The space inside battery core 1 will not be taken on cover plate 21 because top cover and battery core 1 just need to leave in initial assembling it is certain away from From therefore, the fire-retarding device 23 being arranged on top cover will not cause the energy density of battery to reduce, and fire-retarding device 23 includes fire-retardant Box body 231 and fire retardant 232, fire-retardant box body 231 have cavity 2311, and fire retardant 232 is arranged in cavity 2311, fire retardant 232 are encapsulated in fire-retardant box body 231, are not directly appended in electrolyte, when fire-retardant box body 231 reaches fusing point, fire-retardant box Body 231 melts and discharges fire retardant 232, thus in normal conditions, will not cause unfavorable shadow to the chemical property of battery Ring, further increase the security performance of secondary cell.
Further, the bottom surface of the fire-retardant box body 231 of the application is provided with weak area 2312, and the thickness of weak area 2312 is less than The thickness of bottom surface where it.When the temperature of battery core 1 be increased to the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231 and explosion-proof valve 22 not by battery core 1 because When gas caused by temperature rise breaks through, release fire retardant 232 is melted to the inside of battery core 1 in weak area 2312 first, wherein, it is thin The preferred 0.05mm of thickness in weak area 2312, the preferred 0.1mm of thickness in other regions of fire-retardant box body 231, by setting weak area 2312, when the internal temperature of battery core 1 reaches the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231, due to the more fire-retardant box body 231 of the thickness of weak area 2312 Other regions are thinner, and the fire retardant 232 built in it rapid melting and can be gradually released to by weak area 2312 in a short time Inside battery core 1, weak area 2312 is evenly distributed on the bottom surface of fire-retardant box body 231 so that the release of electrolyte is more uniform, uniformly The fire retardant 232 being discharged into electrolyte effectively reduces the combustibility of electrolyte, avoid secondary cell because of improper use and Burning is even exploded.
Specifically, in this application, weak area 2312 is preferably arranged on the deep gouge on bottom surface.Deep gouge is simple in construction, just Processed in making.
In one embodiment of the application, fire-retardant box body 231 includes back box 2313 and lid 2314, and cavity 2311 is the bottom of by Box 2313 is surrounded with lid 2314, and fire retardant 232 is sealingly disposed in cavity 2311.Lid 2314 and back box 2313 can be with Sealed by laser welding or ultrasonic bonding.
In another embodiment of the application, back box 2313 and lid 2314 are integral type structure, and fire-retardant box body 231 wraps Sealing-plug 2315 is included, through hole is opened up on lid 2314, sealing-plug 2315 seals through hole.The fire-retardant box body 231 of integral structure adds The convenient and to be packaged opening of work is smaller, and sealing effectiveness is more preferable.
For the ease of welding, the lid 2314 of the application also includes positioning convex 2314a, and positioning convex 2314a is arranged on Lid 2314 is towards the side of cavity 2311, and the edge of respective chamber 2311 is set so that lid 2314 passes through positioning convex 2314a positions with back box 2313.Positioning convex 2314a props up the side of back box 2313 when lid 2314 is covered in back box 2313 Edge makes lid 2314 not to be moved with respect to back box 2313, and then realizes that lid 2314 and the matching of back box 2313 position.
Smoothly discharged for the ease of the internal gas of battery core 1, the back box 2313 of the application also includes epitaxy part 2314b, extension Portion 2314b is extended along the direction parallel to lamina tecti 21 by the edge of back box 2313 and formed, and epitaxy part 2314b is provided with ventilation Hole 2314c.Because the corresponding explosion-proof valve 22 of fire-retarding device 23 is set, gas after being discharged inside battery core 1 can also by with row The passage 2314c discharges that gas passage 24 connects, the circulation path of gas is shortened, allows gas to enough quickly discharge.
For the ease of fire-retardant box body 231 is fixed on lamina tecti 21, the epitaxy part 2314b of the application is provided with hole clipping 2314d, lamina tecti 21 are correspondingly arranged buckle 212, and fire-retardant box body 231 is fixed on top by buckle 212 and hole clipping 2314d cooperation On cover plate 21.
Because lamina tecti 21 is rectangle, width differs larger with length, and top cover is fixed on for the ease of fire-retardant box body 231 On plate 21, it is preferred that it is relative that the epitaxy part 2314b of the application can be arranged on cavity 2311 along the bearing of trend of lamina tecti 21 Both ends, hole clipping 2314d are arranged on epitaxy part 2314b, and the corresponding hole clipping 2314d of buckle 212 is arranged on lamina tecti 21, and court leans on The direction extension of nearly battery core 1, the fire-retardant box body 231 of back box 2313 are fixed on lamina tecti by shackle member and hole clipping 2314d cooperation Buckle 212 on 21.Fire-retardant box body 231 in the application can be not only fixedly connected by snap fit with lamina tecti 21, may be used also To realize being fixedly connected for the two by other connected modes.
The melting range of the fire-retardant box body 231 of the application selects 80~150 DEG C, and the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231 is less than electricity Housing, the 21 isostructural fusing point of lamina tecti of core 1, when fire-retardant box body 231 reaches fusing point and melts, secondary cell its Its structure still is able to keep its structure without melting.
The material of fire-retardant box body 231 can be plastics or low melting point metal material, specifically, fire-retardant box body 231 can be adopted With polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) material.
In addition, the secondary cell of the application also includes liquid injection hole 25 and boss 26, liquid injection hole 25 and boss 26 set top cover On plate 21, boss 26 is arranged on the top of lamina tecti 21 around explosionproof hole 211.The explosionproof hole 211 of 22 lamina tecti of explosion-proof valve 21 is explosion-proof The battery core 1 of hole 211 boss, 26 explosionproof hole, 211 lamina tecti 21 is when secondary cell injects electrolyte by liquid injection hole 25, the electricity of outflow Solve the possible explosion-proof valve 22 of liquid and corrode explosion-proof valve, the application blocks outflow electrolyte by the boss 26 being arranged on lamina tecti 21 Flow explosion-proof valve 22 and corrode explosion-proof valve 22, and the setting of the structure of boss 26 can also strengthen the intensity of lamina tecti 21.For the ease of Explosion-proof valve 22 is broken through by gas, and indentation can also be set on explosion-proof valve 22.
Present invention also provides a kind of secondary cell with above-mentioned secondary cell top cover 2, the secondary cell will have resistance The fire-retarding device 23 of combustion agent 232 is arranged on the lower section of explosion-proof valve 22, battery due to charge it is improper, short-circuit, hit or be exposed to Occur unexpected in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature and produce substantial amounts of gas and when temperature drastically raises, gas caused by the inside of battery core 1 Body is discharged in time by explosion-proof valve 22, and the melted by heat of fire-retarding device 23 simultaneously discharges the fire retardant 232 built in it to battery core 1 Portion, so as to reduce the combustibility of electrolyte, improve the security performance of battery.
The preferred embodiment of the application is these are only, is not limited to the application, for those skilled in the art For member, the application can have various modifications and variations.All any modifications within spirit herein and principle, made, Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of secondary cell top cover, it is characterised in that including lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retarding device, on the lamina tecti Explosionproof hole is offered, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the lamina tecti and seals the explosionproof hole, and the fire-retarding device is located at The lower section of the lamina tecti and the corresponding explosion-proof valve setting, it is logical to leave exhaust between the fire-retarding device and the explosion-proof valve Road, the fire-retarding device include fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, and the fire-retardant box body has cavity, and the fire retardant is arranged on described In cavity, when the fire-retardant box body reaches fusing point, the fire-retardant box body melts and discharges the fire retardant.
2. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom surface of the fire-retardant box body is provided with weakness Area, the thickness of the weak area are less than the thickness of the bottom surface where it.
3. secondary cell top cover according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the weak area is to be arranged on the bottom surface Deep gouge.
4. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fire-retardant box body includes back box and lid, The cavity is surrounded by the back box and the lid, and the fire retardant is sealingly disposed in the cavity.
5. secondary cell top cover according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the back box and the lid are integral type knot Structure, the fire-retardant box body also include sealing-plug, and through hole is offered on the lid, and the sealing-plug seals the through hole.
6. secondary cell top cover according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the lid also includes positioning convex, described Positioning convex is arranged on the lid towards the side of the cavity, and the edge of the corresponding cavity is set so that the lid Positioned by the positioning convex and the back box.
7. according to the secondary cell top cover described in claim any one of 4-6, it is characterised in that the back box also includes extension Portion, the epitaxy part are extended along the direction parallel to lamina tecti by the edge of the back box and formed, and the epitaxy part is provided with Passage.
8. secondary cell top cover according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the epitaxy part is provided with hole clipping, the top Cover plate is correspondingly arranged buckle, and the fire-retardant box body is fixed on the lamina tecti by the cooperation of the buckle and the hole clipping.
9. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including liquid injection hole and boss, the fluid injection Hole and the boss are set on the lamina tecti, and the boss is arranged on the top of the lamina tecti around the explosionproof hole.
10. a kind of secondary cell, it is characterised in that the secondary cell is included described in battery core and claim any one of 1-9 Secondary cell top cover.
CN201610351415.2A 2016-05-24 2016-05-24 Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery Active CN105810859B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN105810859B true CN105810859B (en) 2018-03-20

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