CN105785441B - The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data - Google Patents
The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105785441B CN105785441B CN201610128123.2A CN201610128123A CN105785441B CN 105785441 B CN105785441 B CN 105785441B CN 201610128123 A CN201610128123 A CN 201610128123A CN 105785441 B CN105785441 B CN 105785441B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seismic
- signal
- noise ratio
- data
- seismic data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/307—Analysis for determining seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, instantaneous phase or frequency, reflection strength or polarity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/63—Seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, polarity, instant phase
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) methods of seismic data, are related to seismic exploration technique field.This method includes seismic data is ranked up and sampled, obtain basic seismic data, carry out computing cross-correlation two-by-two, obtain the useful signal energy value of the neighboring track seismic channel data of basic seismic data, carry out sampling point quadratic sum operation, obtain the total energy value of the seismic channel data of basic seismic data, useful signal energy value according to obtaining is calculated with corresponding total energy value, obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic channel data, it averages to the signal-to-noise ratio of the neighboring track seismic channel data of same shot point operation, obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data, the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data to obtaining counts, obtain the signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of the seismic data of shot point.Method provided by the invention can effectively simplify the analytic process of the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, and express statistic goes out the signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of work area shot point, be the processing provides effective foundation of latter earthquake data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic exploration technique field, in particular to a kind of Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data.
Background technology
Seismic prospecting is by way of artificial excitation's seismic wave, reaches surface geophone through underground propagation and is recorded
(original earthquake data), using underground medium elasticity and the difference of density, Study of Seismic wave underground propagation rule, heuristically
The property and Geological Structural Forms of lower lithology.
The seismic signal recorded, in addition to the effective information related with subsurface geologic structures, lithologic character, more also
Invalid various types noise information, influences the analysis of geologic structure, lithologic character.Signal-to-noise ratio is then to react effectively with invalid to believe
Cease the relationship between energy.Signal-to-noise ratio is higher, illustrates that effective information is more, on the contrary then opposite.
Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is exactly that the quality of quantitative assessment earthquake record is realized by the calculating to S/N ratio of seismic records.
With the raising that accuracy of seismic exploration requires, the density of earthquake data acquisition is very big, few then tens TB of a data volume
(TeraByte), a TB at most up to a hundred.In this case, it needs to seek a kind of efficient Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method, grasps earthquake
The distribution of data SNR, to the selection provides effective foundation of latter earthquake data processing method.
Invention content
In view of this, a kind of Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method for being designed to provide seismic data of the embodiment of the present invention, to change
The kind above problem.
A kind of Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data, including：
Collected seismic data by shot point sequence is ranked up, obtains the seismic data of each shot point；
Obtained seismic data is sampled, obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point, each basis seismic data
Including multiple tracks seismic channel data；
Computing cross-correlation two-by-two is carried out to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains each basis ground
Shake the useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of data；
Sampling point quadratic sum operation is carried out to each seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains each basis ground
Shake the useful signal of all seismic channel datas of data and the total energy value of invalid signals；
Each basic seismic data useful signal energy value according to obtaining is calculated with corresponding total energy value, is obtained each
The signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of basic seismic data；
The signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas to belonging to same shot point is averaged operation, obtains each shot point
The signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data；
The obtained signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data is counted, obtains the noise of the seismic data of all shot points
Compare distribution situation.
Preferably, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data to obtaining counts, and obtains the noise of the seismic data of all shot points
Include than the step of distribution situation：
According to the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and the correspondence of predefined colour code, by the noise of the seismic data of all shot points
Than being mapped in plane coordinate system by shot point coordinate with corresponding colour code, the signal-to-noise ratio distribution of the seismic data of all shot points is obtained
Figure.
Preferably, after the signal-to-noise ratio distribution map of the seismic data of all shot points is obtained, the method further includes：
The obtained codomain of the signal-to-noise ratio of all seismic datas is divided into multiple signal-to-noise ratio sections, each signal-to-noise ratio section with
Machine selects a big gun seismic data to obtain multiple Quality Control points and/or the corresponding shot point number of each signal-to-noise ratio section of statistics as Quality Control point
The ratio of shared total shot point number.
Preferably, after the signal-to-noise ratio distribution map of the seismic data of all shot points is obtained, the method further includes：
It puts in order according to shot point and signal-to-noise ratio distribution map is divided into a plurality of reference line, count all on every reference line
The mean value of the seismic data signal-to-noise ratio of shot point picks out minimum, medium, highest three reference lines of signal-to-noise ratio mean value as Quality Control
Line.
Preferably, the step of being sampled to obtained seismic data, obtaining the basic seismic data of each shot point includes：
Continuous multiple tracks is chosen and comprising at least one according to the space arrangement of seismic channel data sequence in the range of given time
The seismic channel data of a complete waveform obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point as basic seismic data；
Per pass seismic channel data in each basis seismic data includes multiple amplitude sampling points.
Preferably, computing cross-correlation two-by-two is carried out to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtained every
The step of useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of a basis seismic data, includes：
According to cross-correlation functionTo all adjacent seismic channels in each basic seismic data
Data carry out computing cross-correlation two-by-two, choose the maximum value of wherein computing cross-correlation result as adjacent twice seismic channel data
Useful signal energy value, wherein, n be amplitude total sample, τ be deviate number of samples, Xi+τI-th for X road seismic channel data
Amplitude after a sampling point offset THS sampling point, YiRepresent the i-th of the Y road seismic channel data adjacent with X road seismic channel data
The amplitude of a sampling point.
Preferably, sampling point quadratic sum operation is carried out to each seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtained every
It is a basis seismic data all seismic channel datas useful signal and invalid signals total energy value the step of include：
According to functionOperation is carried out, obtains all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data
The total energy value of useful signal and invalid signals, wherein, XIRepresent the i-th of basis seismic data ZhongX roads seismic channel data
Sampling point amplitude.
Preferably, it is calculated according to obtained each basic seismic data useful signal energy value with corresponding total energy value,
The step of obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data includes：
According to functionOperation is carried out, obtains all adjacent of each basic seismic data
The signal-to-noise ratio of seismic channel data, wherein,Represent the extreme value of adjacent two seismic channels cross-correlation,WithWith representing X respectively
Shake road and Y seismic channels Amplitude-squared and.
Preferably, the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas to belonging to same shot point is averaged operation, is obtained
The step of signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data, includes：
According to functionTo the noise of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of all same shot points
Than operation of averaging, wherein, m represents the road number of the seismic channel data of the basic seismic data of a shot point, will average
Signal-to-noise ratio of the numerical value that operation obtains as the shot point seismic data.
Preferably, it is further included before or after the step of being ranked up to collected seismic data by shot point sequence：
Datum static correction is carried out to collected seismic data.
Compared with prior art, the Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data provided by the invention, is not influencing seismic data
Signal-to-noise ratio relativeness in the case of, can effectively simplify the analytic process of the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, express statistic goes out whole
The signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of the shot point in a work area is latter earthquake data processing provides effective foundation.
For the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention is enable to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate
Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method for the seismic data that first embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagrames that shot point signal-to-noise ratio in first embodiment of the invention is distributed；
Fig. 3 shows the accounting figure of the shot point in each signal-to-noise ratio section in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method for the seismic data that second embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 5 shows the distribution map of Quality Control point in signal-to-noise ratio distribution map in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 shows the flow chart of the Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method for the seismic data that third embodiment of the invention is provided；
Fig. 7 shows the distribution map of nature controlling line in signal-to-noise ratio distribution map in third embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Seismic prospecting is by way of artificial excitation's seismic wave, reaches surface geophone through underground propagation and is recorded
(original earthquake data), using underground medium elasticity and the difference of density, Study of Seismic wave underground propagation rule, heuristically
The property and Geological Structural Forms of lower lithology.The seismic signal recorded, in addition to related with subsurface geologic structures, lithologic character
Effective information, also some invalid various types noise informations influence the analysis of geologic structure, lithologic character.Signal-to-noise ratio
It is then the relationship reacted effectively between invalid information energy.Signal-to-noise ratio is higher, illustrates that effective information is more, on the contrary then opposite.
Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is exactly that the quality of quantitative assessment earthquake record is realized by the calculating to S/N ratio of seismic records.With earthquake
The raising of surveying accuracy requirement, the density of earthquake data acquisition is very big, few then tens TB (TeraByte) of a data volume,
A TB at most up to a hundred.In this case, the calculation amount of the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is very big, it is impossible to meet the requirement of timeliness,
It is not easy to make the situation of entire work area signal-to-noise ratio statistics and the analysis provides effective foundation for latter earthquake data.Base
In the above situation, inventor is by long-term observation and the study found that proposing the seismic data that the embodiment of the present invention is provided
The analysis method of signal-to-noise ratio.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Usually exist
The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in attached drawing can be configured to arrange and design with a variety of different herein.Cause
This, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed invention below
Range, but it is merely representative of the selected embodiment of the present invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not doing
Go out all other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need to that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.Meanwhile the present invention's
In description, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
First embodiment
As described in Figure 1, be preferred embodiments of the present invention provide seismic data Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method flow chart.
Idiographic flow shown in FIG. 1 will be elaborated below.
Step S101 is ranked up collected seismic data by shot point sequence, obtains the seismic data of each shot point.
In the gatherer process of seismic data, often according to the uniformly distributed multiple shot points of matrix arrangement in the range of a work area,
Each shot point corresponds to a certain number of receiving points (geophone station).Assuming that a total of n shot point, has k receiving point, a pair of of big gun per big gun
Cautious obtained signal is known as a seismic channel, whole then referred to as data volume.The sequence of seismic data is included with a shot point
K seismic channel be ranked up for a subset, formed shot gather data.For sake of convenience, it is chatted as unit of a shot point below
State the analytic process of signal-to-noise ratio.
Step S102 is sampled obtained seismic data, obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point, each basis
Seismic data includes multiple tracks seismic channel data.
To seismic data process during, if choosing the adjacent seismic channel in arterial highway in all seismic channel datas first
Data are as basic seismic data, and the per pass seismic channel data in the basis seismic data is comprising at least one complete wave
Shape.Meanwhile multiple amplitude sampling points are included in the per pass seismic channel data of each basic seismic data, the quantity of amplitude sampling point is unsuitable
It is very few, it is representative possessed by basic seismic data to ensure.
By above-mentioned sampling procedure, it is greatly reduced the calculation amount of signal-to-noise ratio processing procedure.
Step S103 carries out computing cross-correlation two-by-two to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains
The useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basis seismic data.
According to cross-correlation functionTo all adjacent seismic channels in each basic seismic data
Data carry out computing cross-correlation two-by-two, obtain multiple functional values, and choose maximum value therein as in the basis seismic data
Adjacent twice seismic channel data available energy magnitude.Wherein, n is earthquake channel amplitude total sample, and τ is the number of samples of offset,
Xi+τFor the amplitude after i-th of sampling point offset THS sampling point of X road seismic channel data, YiIt represents and X road seismic channel data
The amplitude of i-th of sampling point of adjacent Y roads seismic channel data.
The useful signal energy of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data is obtained by above-mentioned steps
Value.
Step S104, calculate all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data useful signal and invalid signals it is total
Energy value is calculated according to obtained useful signal energy value with corresponding total energy value, obtains the institute of each basic seismic data
There is the signal-to-noise ratio of neighboring track seismic channel data.
Each seismic channel data in each basis seismic data includes at least one complete waveform, therefore, Mei Geji
The multiple tracks seismic channel data of plinth seismic data, can be according to functionObtain the multiple tracks of each basic seismic data
The mean value of the quadratic sum of the amplitude of seismic channel data is as the useful signal of the basis seismic data and the gross energy of invalid signals
It is worth (i.e. the summation of the signal energy value of seismic data and noise energy value), wherein XIRepresent that X is genuine in basic seismic data
Shake the i-th sampling point amplitude of track data.
After obtaining the total energy value of basic seismic data and the available energy magnitude of basic seismic data, according to signal-to-noise ratio computation
FormulaThe signal-to-noise ratio of all adjacent seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data is calculated, it is false
If m-1 snr value is then can obtain comprising m roads seismic channel data in a basic seismic data.WhereinWithTable respectively
Show the useful signal in x and y roads and the total energy value of invalid signals.
Step S105 averages operation to belonging to the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of same shot point, obtains
To the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data.
By the above-mentioned means, a basic seismic data can obtain m-1 snr value, then further according to functionThis m-1 snr value is averaged, the earthquake number as the corresponding shot point of basis seismic data
According to signal-to-noise ratio.
It repeats the above steps, obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point in entire work area in range.
Step S106 counts the obtained signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data, obtains the earthquake of all shot points
The signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of data.
After the signal-to-noise ratio for obtaining each shot point in the range of entire work area, in order to clearly grasp the effective model in entire work area
The situation of change of shot point signal-to-noise ratio in enclosing, can be by the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point in the range of entire work area according to predetermined
The colour code range of justice is mapped in corresponding plane coordinate system.Specifically, pre-define the colour code range of a gradual change, Mei Gexin
Ratio of making an uproar corresponds to a colour code, then putting in order according to the shot point in the range of work area, by the ground of each shot point in work area
The signal-to-noise ratio of shake data is mapped in plane coordinate system, for example, the seismic data by first shot point of the first row in work area
Noise be mapped in (1,1) coordinate points in plane coordinate system, the noise of the seismic data of second shot point of second row is reflected
It is mapped in (2,2) coordinate points in plane coordinate system.It is all in entire work area in order to clearly grasp through the above way
The situation of change of the signal-to-noise ratio of shot point.As shown in Fig. 2, different gray scales represent the noise of position big gun collection record in entire work area
Than color is deeper, and the signal-to-noise ratio for representing seismic data is higher, and signal-to-noise ratio of the lower part than top can be intuitively found out very much from Fig. 2
Height illustrates that the big gun collection record quality of lower part is better than top.
After the signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation for obtaining all shot points in work area, can also according to the codomain range of signal-to-noise ratio,
The signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data of all shot points in work area is divided into multiple signal-to-noise ratio sections, then counts each signal-to-noise ratio section again
The ratio of total shot point quantity shared by interior shot point number.As shown in figure 3, the figure can clearly reflect the big gun that each signal-to-noise ratio section possesses
Points can intuitively count the ratio of total shot point quantity shared by shot point number in different signal-to-noise ratio sections by Fig. 3 treatment peoples.
By the analysis of above two signal-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation spatially and different noises are presented respectively
Than the accounting of big gun collection record.The quantitative conclusion of big gun collection record quality is thus given, has this conclusion, treatment people can
To formulate more rational process flow and select corresponding processing method.
Second embodiment
Refering to Fig. 4, the signal-to-noise ratio processing method of seismic data provided in this embodiment, be on the basis of embodiment one into
Capable improvement does not refer in the present embodiment part refering to the content for implementing one.
Step S201 is ranked up collected seismic data by shot point sequence, obtains the seismic data of each shot point.
Step S202 carries out datum static correction to collected seismic data.
Due to the variation of earth's surface elevation, the fluctuating of inspection surface, the time difference increase of subsurface seismic wave reflection phase are caused, it will
Increase the calculation amount of signal-to-noise ratio.Therefore, in the present embodiment, after being ranked up to collected seismic data, also to collecting
Seismic data carry out datum static correction, can be eliminated well by datum static correction remaining caused by earth's surface-consistent
The time difference makes reflected phase enhance with phasic property, in order to reduce the offset of cross-correlation, improves efficiency.
The realization method of datum static correction is the prior art, is no longer described in detail herein.
Step S203 is sampled obtained seismic data, obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point, each basis
Seismic data includes multiple tracks seismic channel data.
Step S204 carries out computing cross-correlation two-by-two to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains
The useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basis seismic data.
Step S205, calculate all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data useful signal and invalid signals it is total
Energy value is calculated according to obtained useful signal energy value with corresponding total energy value, obtains the institute of each basic seismic data
There is the signal-to-noise ratio of neighboring track seismic channel data.
Step S206 averages operation to belonging to the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of same shot point, obtains
To the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data.
Step S207 counts the obtained signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data, obtains the earthquake of all shot points
The signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of data.
The obtained codomain of the signal-to-noise ratio of all seismic datas is divided into multiple signal-to-noise ratio sections, each by step S208
Signal-to-noise ratio section randomly chooses a big gun seismic data as Quality Control point, obtains multiple Quality Control points.
If the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data of all shot points is divided into 10 signal-to-noise ratio sections, need to only be chosen in signal-to-noise ratio section
The corresponding shot point of snr value in 1 signal-to-noise ratio section is as Quality Control point, so as to obtain 10 Quality Control points, in subsequent processing
The situation of change for the signal-to-noise ratio for analyzing this 10 Quality Control points need to only be passed through in the process, you can very easily analyze entire work area
The signal-to-noise ratio situation of change of the seismic data of interior shot point.
As shown in figure 5, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data of all shot points is divided into 10 signal-to-noise ratio sections, from each signal-to-noise ratio
1 shot point is randomly selected in end, is obtained such as the shot point 1-10 in Fig. 5, subsequent processing links only analyze the letter of this 10 shot points
Make an uproar than variation.
3rd embodiment
Refering to Fig. 6, the Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data provided in this embodiment, be on the basis of embodiment one into
Capable improvement does not refer in the present embodiment part refering to the content for implementing one.
Step S301 is ranked up collected seismic data by shot point sequence, obtains the seismic data of each shot point.
Step S302 is sampled obtained seismic data, obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point, each basis
Seismic data includes multiple tracks seismic channel data.
Step S303 carries out computing cross-correlation two-by-two to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains
The useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basis seismic data.
Step S304, calculate all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data useful signal and invalid signals it is total
Energy value is calculated according to obtained useful signal energy value with corresponding total energy value, obtains the institute of each basic seismic data
There is the signal-to-noise ratio of neighboring track seismic channel data.
Step S305 averages operation to belonging to the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of same shot point, obtains
To the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data.
Step S306 counts the obtained signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data, obtains the earthquake of all shot points
The signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation of data.
Step S307 puts in order according to shot point signal-to-noise ratio distribution map being divided into a plurality of reference line, counts every reference
The mean value of the seismic data signal-to-noise ratio of all shot points on line picks out minimum, medium, highest three references of signal-to-noise ratio mean value
Line is as nature controlling line.
As shown in fig. 7, institute in Fig. 7 is worth to according to the seismic data signal-to-noise ratio of all shot points on every reference line
The nature controlling line 1-3 shown, only need to be by analyzing the signal-to-noise ratio situation of change of this three nature controlling lines in subsequent processing procedure, you can
The signal-to-noise ratio situation of change of all shot points in entire work area is very easily analyzed, is greatly simplified subsequent processed
Journey.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.It should be noted that：Similar label and letter exists
Similar terms are represented in following attached drawing, therefore, once being defined in a certain Xiang Yi attached drawing, are then not required in subsequent attached drawing
It is further defined and is explained.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can readily occur in change or replacement, should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data, which is characterized in that including：
Collected seismic data by shot point sequence is ranked up, obtains the seismic data of each shot point；
Obtained seismic data is sampled, obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point, each basis seismic data includes
Multiple tracks seismic channel data；
Computing cross-correlation two-by-two is carried out to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains each basic earthquake number
According to all neighboring track seismic channel datas useful signal energy value；
Sampling point quadratic sum operation is carried out to each seismic channel data in each basic seismic data, obtains each basic earthquake number
According to the useful signal of all seismic channel datas and the total energy value of invalid signals；
Each basic seismic data useful signal energy value according to obtaining is calculated with corresponding total energy value, obtains each basis
The signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of seismic data；
The signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas to belonging to same shot point is averaged operation, obtains each shot point earthquake
The signal-to-noise ratio of data；
The obtained signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data is counted, obtains the noise score of the seismic data of all shot points
Cloth situation；
The step of being sampled to obtained seismic data, obtaining the basic seismic data of each shot point includes：
Continuous multiple tracks is chosen and comprising at least one complete according to the space arrangement of seismic channel data sequence in the range of given time
The seismic channel data of whole waveform obtains the basic seismic data of each shot point as basic seismic data；
Per pass seismic channel data in each basis seismic data includes multiple amplitude sampling points.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data to obtaining counts, obtain
To the seismic data of all shot points signal-to-noise ratio distribution situation the step of include：
According to the correspondence of the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and predefined colour code, by the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data of all shot points with
Corresponding colour code is mapped to by shot point coordinate in plane coordinate system, obtains the signal-to-noise ratio distribution map of the seismic data of all shot points.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the signal-to-noise ratio distribution for obtaining the seismic data of all shot points
After figure, the method further includes：
The obtained codomain of the signal-to-noise ratio of all seismic datas is divided into multiple signal-to-noise ratio sections, is selected at random in each signal-to-noise ratio section
A big gun seismic data is selected as Quality Control point, is obtained shared by multiple Quality Control points and/or the corresponding shot point number of each signal-to-noise ratio section of statistics
The ratio of total shot point number.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the signal-to-noise ratio distribution for obtaining the seismic data of all shot points
After figure, the method further includes：
It puts in order according to shot point and signal-to-noise ratio distribution map is divided into a plurality of reference line, count all shot points on every reference line
Seismic data signal-to-noise ratio mean value, pick out minimum, medium, highest three reference lines of signal-to-noise ratio mean value as nature controlling line.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, to the adjacent seismic channel data in each basic seismic data
Computing cross-correlation two-by-two is carried out, obtains the useful signal energy value of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data
The step of include：
According to cross-correlation functionAll adjacent seismic channel datas in each basic seismic data are carried out
Computing cross-correlation two-by-two chooses useful signal of the maximum value of wherein computing cross-correlation result as adjacent twice seismic channel data
Energy value, wherein, n be amplitude total sample, τ be deviate number of samples, Xi+τI-th of sampling point for X road seismic channel data is inclined
Move the amplitude after τ sampling point, YiRepresent i-th of sampling point of the Y road seismic channel data adjacent with X road seismic channel data
Amplitude.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, to each seismic channel data in each basic seismic data
Sampling point quadratic sum operation is carried out, obtains the useful signal and invalid signals of all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data
The step of total energy value, includes：
According to functionOperation is carried out, obtains effective letter of all seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data
Number and invalid signals total energy value, wherein, XIRepresent that the i-th sampling point of basis seismic data ZhongX roads seismic channel data shakes
Amplitude.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, according to obtained each basic seismic data useful signal energy
Magnitude is calculated with corresponding total energy value, obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of each basic seismic data
Step includes：
According to functionOperation is carried out, obtains all adjacent seismic channels of each basic seismic data
The signal-to-noise ratio of data, wherein,Represent the extreme value of adjacent two seismic channels cross-correlation,WithRespectively represent X seismic channel with
The Amplitude-squared of Y seismic channels and.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that all neighboring track seismic channel datas to belonging to same shot point
Signal-to-noise ratio the step of averaging operation, obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of each shot point seismic data include：
According to functionThe signal-to-noise ratio of all neighboring track seismic channel datas of all same shot points is asked
Average value operation, wherein, m represents the road number of the seismic channel data of the basic seismic data of a shot point, by operation of averaging
Signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained numerical value as the shot point seismic data.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, being arranged by shot point sequence collected seismic data
It is further included before or after the step of sequence：
Datum static correction is carried out to collected seismic data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610128123.2A CN105785441B (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610128123.2A CN105785441B (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105785441A CN105785441A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN105785441B true CN105785441B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
Family
ID=56388226
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610128123.2A Active CN105785441B (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2016-03-07 | The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105785441B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109212601B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2024-07-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for detecting abnormal measuring points of seismic data |
| CN112241020B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2024-04-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for determining undersampling rate in sparse seismic data acquisition |
| CN112444877B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-01-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Estimation method of cross-correlation signal-to-noise ratio based on standard channel |
| CN110673210B (en) * | 2019-10-13 | 2021-06-04 | 东北石油大学 | Quantitative analysis and evaluation method for signal-to-noise ratio of seismic original data |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4204279A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1980-05-20 | Texaco Inc. | Method for enhancing seismic data |
| CN1837859A (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-09-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Three-dimensional seismic data processing quality monitoring technology |
| CN102004264A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-04-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative analysis and evaluation method for quality of acquired seismic data |
-
2016
- 2016-03-07 CN CN201610128123.2A patent/CN105785441B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4204279A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1980-05-20 | Texaco Inc. | Method for enhancing seismic data |
| CN1837859A (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-09-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Three-dimensional seismic data processing quality monitoring technology |
| CN102004264A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-04-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative analysis and evaluation method for quality of acquired seismic data |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| BOOSTING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO OF SEISMIC SIGNALS USING THE PHASED-ARRAY VIBRATOR SYSTEM;JIANG Tao，et al.;《CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS》;20061231;第49卷(第6期);第1658-1664页 * |
| 井控反褶积方法在松辽盆地薄储层识别中的应用;周超 等;《石油天然气学报（江汉石油学院学报）》;20101231;第32卷(第6期);第395-400页 * |
| 地震数据处理质量分析与评价系统的研发及应用;范旭 等;《石油工业技术监督》;20150430;第1-5页 * |
| 地震资料信噪比估算方法改进;王红玲等;《物探化探计算技术》;20070531;第29卷(第3期);第190页第1栏第12行-第192页第1栏第13行 * |
| 地震资料信噪比定量计算及方法比较;张军华等;《石油地球物理勘探》;20090831;第44卷(第4期);第481-486页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105785441A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Stork et al. | Application of machine learning to microseismic event detection in distributed acoustic sensing data | |
| CN105785441B (en) | The Analysis signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method of seismic data | |
| US7539578B2 (en) | VH signal integration measure for seismic data | |
| Olea | Fundamentals of semivariogram estimation, modeling, and usage | |
| Valoroso et al. | Active faults and induced seismicity in the Val d’Agri area (Southern Apennines, Italy) | |
| Catchings et al. | High-resolution seismic velocities and shallow structure of the San Andreas fault zone at Middle Mountain, Parkfield, California | |
| CN106443802A (en) | Morphological filtering-based electrical imaging reservoir fracture and cave body quantitative characterization method and system | |
| CN102282481A (en) | data acquisition and prestack migration based on seismic visibility analysis | |
| Wright et al. | Preparation and use of isopleth maps of landslide deposits | |
| WO2012139082A1 (en) | Event selection in the image domain | |
| EA027299B1 (en) | Systems and methods for optimal stacking of seismic data | |
| Hallal et al. | An H/V geostatistical approach for building pseudo-3D Vs models to account for spatial variability in ground response analyses Part I: Model development | |
| Lai et al. | Soil liquefaction during the 20 may 2012 M5. 9 Emilia earthquake, northern Italy: Field reconnaissance and post-event assessment | |
| Dean et al. | The coherency of ambient seismic noise recorded during land surveys and the resulting implications for the effectiveness of geophone arrays | |
| CN109709605A (en) | The disconnected solution seismic data imaging method of igneous rock complex area carbonate rock and equipment | |
| CN113534259A (en) | Vibroseis efficient acquisition real-time prestack time migration imaging method | |
| Ladak et al. | Multi-method site characterization to verify the hard rock (Site Class A) assumption at 25 seismograph stations across Eastern Canada | |
| Docherty et al. | Migration velocity analysis using a genetic algorithm [Link] | |
| Birnie et al. | An introduction to distributed training of deep neural networks for segmentation tasks with large seismic data sets | |
| CN100349014C (en) | Method for processing varying density terrain correction by heavy prospecting data | |
| US6651006B1 (en) | Method for processing seismic data | |
| CN104570115B (en) | A kind of surface wave attenuation method and device | |
| Fischer et al. | Detection capability of seismic network based on noise analysis and magnitude of completeness | |
| Matthews | Importance of sampling design and density in target recognition | |
| US5153857A (en) | Method for selecting seismic traces for higher efficiency of pre-stack two dimensional or three dimensional depth migration |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20201030 Address after: Intercontinental building, 16 ande Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100007 Patentee after: PetroChina Company Limited Address before: 830011, No. 1, building 5, building 47, 303 North Beijing Road, Xinshi District, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi Patentee before: Zheng Hongming |