CN105621340A - 保温填充材料及其制备方法、保温制品 - Google Patents
保温填充材料及其制备方法、保温制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105621340A CN105621340A CN201511023721.5A CN201511023721A CN105621340A CN 105621340 A CN105621340 A CN 105621340A CN 201511023721 A CN201511023721 A CN 201511023721A CN 105621340 A CN105621340 A CN 105621340A
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- fibers
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- fiber
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent
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Abstract
本发明提供一种保温填充材料及其制备方法、保温制品,属于保温填充材料技术领域。本发明的保温填充材料包括:松散状纤维;球状纤维集合体;且松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。该保温填充材料的耐水洗性很好,且同时具有较佳的可吹加工性、快干性、压缩回弹性、保温性等综合性能。而以上保温填充材料的制备方法包括:在用气流混合松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的过程中加入拒水剂,之后加热所述混合物使松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的表面形成拒水层。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保温填充材料技术领域,具体涉及一种保温填充材料及其制备方法、保温制品。
背景技术
在服装、被品等中,常要填充保温材料以提高产品的保暖性,一般的保温填充材料多为包括细小纤维的松散物料,由此这些纤维可在受力时发生相互移动,从而使产品的整体外形可随使用者的拍打、按压而变化,更加贴合使用者的身体,改善使用体验。
传统的保温填充材料主要是天然材料,例如鸭绒、鹅绒等天然羽绒。天然羽绒的物理结构决定了其具有良好的蓬松度、压缩回弹性、保温性等性能。但是,由于天然羽绒来源不稳定,故其也有产量受限制、成本高、品质参差不齐等问题,且天然羽绒一般耐久性差、易发生霉变、容易引发过敏反应,这些导致其应用范围受到限制。
为此,人们一直在寻求可替代天然羽绒的人造保温填充材料。国内外的一些纤维公司先后推出了仿羽绒的涤纶短纤系列作为新型填充材料,目前已有的技术包括采用不同尺寸的聚酯短纤及其混合材料,其在美国专利US4588635、US6329051中描述;羽绒羽毛或其它天然纤维与聚酯短纤的混合材料,其在美国专利US20140206796、US6329052中描述;卷曲涤纶短纤与低熔点纤维的混合材料,其在美国专利US4992327中描述。然而,这些现有保温填充材料的保温性、蓬松度、压缩回弹性、耐水洗性、可吹加工性(即通过吹绒方法加工的性能)等各方面的综合性能不佳。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面是提供一种保温填充材料,其耐水洗性很好,且同时具有较佳的可吹加工性、快干性、压缩回弹性、保温性等综合性能。
本发明的保温填充材料包括:
松散状纤维;
球状纤维集合体;
且
所述松散状纤维和所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;
所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
本发明的另一个方面是提供一种制备以上保温填充材料的方法,其可通过简单的工艺得到以上的保温填充材料。
该保温填充材料的制备方法包括:
用气流混合松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体以形成混合物,并在混合过程中加入拒水剂,所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间;
加热所述混合物使所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成拒水层。
本发明的另一个方面是提供一种填充有以上保温填充材料的保温制品,该保温制品可通过吹绒方式进行填充,加工方便,且具有良好的耐水洗性、快干性、压缩回弹性、保温性等综合性能。
该保温制品包括:
包覆体,所述包覆体限定出封闭的内部空间;
填充在所述包覆体限定的封闭的内部空间中的保温填充材料;所述保温填充材料包括:松散状纤维,球状纤维集合体;所述松散状纤维和所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
附图说明
图1为本发明的第一实施例的保温填充材料的照片;
图2为本发明的实施例和对比例的保温填充材料的保温性的测试结果对比图;
图3为本发明的第一实施例的保温填充材料水洗后的照片;
图4为填充本发明的第一实施例的保温填充材料的样包2水洗后的红外图像;
图5为本发明的对比例1的保温填充材料水洗后的照片;
图6为填充本发明的对比例1的保温填充材料的样包2水洗后的红外图像;
图7为本发明的对比例3的保温填充材料水洗后的照片;
图8为填充本发明的对比例3的保温填充材料的样包2水洗后的红外图像。
图9为本发明和对比例的保温填充材料的热阻保持率的测试结果对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
用语解释
在本发明中,下列术语或描述方式的意义如下:
“A至B之间”、“A至B”的描述包括A的值、B的值,以及任何大于A并小于B的值;例如,“1至10之间”包括1、10,以及任何大于1并小于10的值,如2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、2.3、3.516、5.26、7.1、9.999等。
“A基本为B”、“A约为B”、“A实质上为B”的描述是指A整体上符合特征B,但其与B之间允许存在不可避免的细小差别,且该差别相对于B的尺度而言是很小的。
“物质用量”或“物质用量比”,如无特别说明,本发明中物质的用量或用量比均指重量或重量比。
“A在B中的重量百分含量”指A是属于B的一部分,当以B的重量为100%时,A的重量所占的百分比。
“A与B的重量的比”指A是不同于B的其它组分时,A的重量和B的重量的比例关系。
“纤维”是指连续或不连续的细丝,其在长度方向上的尺寸远大于在横截面中任意方向上的尺寸。
“松散状纤维”包括大量细小、蓬松、无规则的纤维,也被称为“散纤”。
“球状纤维集合体”包括大量“纤维球”,而纤维球是指由纤维卷绕成的基本为球形的材料。
“丹尼尔(D)”是纤维细度的单位,也称“旦”,其代表9000米长的纤维在公定回潮率时以克为单位的重量。
“Clo(克罗)值”是评价材料保温性的参数,其实质是一种热阻值,越大表示保温性越好;其中,当一个安静坐着或从事轻度脑力劳动的人(发热量在209.2kJ/m2·h),在温度为21℃、相对湿度小于50%、风速不超过0.l米/秒的环境中感觉舒适时,其所穿衣服的Clo值定为1。
保温填充材料
本发明的实施例提供一种保温填充材料,其包括:
松散状纤维;
球状纤维集合体;
且
松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;
松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
其中,拒水层是由拒水剂干燥后形成的层,一般用于使织物的表面具有拒水性,而本发明的实施例中则将其用于纤维材料的表面。本发明的实施例中可用的拒水剂包括但不限于有机氟类拒水剂、有机硅类拒水剂、硅氟结合体类拒水剂、碳氢类拒水剂中的任意一种或多种。
本发明出人意料的发现,将特定比例的松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体混合并在其表面形成拒水层,则可使所得的保温填充料具有优异的耐水洗性,且同时具有较佳的可吹加工性、快干性、压缩回弹性、保温性等综合性能。
在一个实施方式中,松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的重量比在约40∶60至约60∶40之间;典型的在约45∶55至约55∶45之间,更典型的为约50∶50。
也就是说,在松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体中,松散状纤维的重量百分含量在30%至70%之间,典型的在40%至60%之间,更典型的在45%至55%之间,最典型的为50%;相应的,球状纤维集合体的重量百分含量也在30%至70%之间,典型的在40%至60%之间,更典型的在45%至55%之间,最典型的为50%。
在一个实施方式中,构成松散状纤维的纤维具有约15毫米至约75毫米之间的长度,典型的具有约28毫米至约51毫米之间的长度。
在一个实施方式中,构成松散状纤维的纤维具有约0.2丹尼尔至约15丹尼尔之间的细度,典型的具有约0.5丹尼尔至约7丹尼尔之间的细度。
也就是说,用于构成以上松散状纤维的纤维本身,典型的长度在15毫米至75毫米之间,而细度在0.2丹尼尔至15丹尼尔之间;更典型的,以上纤维的长度在28毫米至51毫米之间,而细度在0.5丹尼尔至7丹尼尔之间。
具体的,以上构成松散状纤维的纤维可为卷曲结构,也可为非卷曲结构。
在一个实施方式中,构成球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约15毫米至约75毫米之间的长度,更典型的具有约28毫米至约64毫米之间的长度。
在一个实施方式中,构成球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约0.7丹尼尔至约15丹尼尔之间的细度,典型的具有约3丹尼尔至约7丹尼尔之间的细度。
也就是说,用于形成以上球状纤维集合体的纤维本身,典型的长度在15毫米至75毫米之间,而细度在0.7丹尼尔至15丹尼尔之间;更典型的,以上纤维的长度在28毫米至64毫米之间,而细度在3丹尼尔至7丹尼尔之间。
在一个实施方式中,构成球状纤维集合体的纤维具有三维卷曲且中空的结构。
也就是说,用于形成以上球状纤维集合体的纤维本身典型的具有三维卷曲且中空的结构,从而其便于形成纤维球。
在一个实施方式中,球状纤维集合体具有约3毫米至约15毫米之间的粒径。
也就是说,以上球状纤维集合体中,每个纤维球的粒径典型的在3毫米至15毫米之间。应当理解,在同一保温填充材料的球状纤维集合体中,不同的纤维球可具有不同的粒径,只要均处于以上范围内即可。
从化学成分上看,以上的松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体中的纤维包括但不限于聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维、丙烯酸纤维、聚丙烯纤维中的任意一种或多种。但作为典型的方式,以上纤维为硅化纤维。例如,具体可用的硅化纤维包括硅化聚酯纤维等。
应当理解,在同一保温填充材料中,构成松散状纤维和球状纤维集合的纤维可以是同一种纤维,也可以是不同的纤维(如化学成分、长度、细度、卷曲状况等不同);而且,对于松散状纤维(或球状纤维集合)本身,其可以仅包括一种纤维,或也可包括多种不同的纤维。
应当理解,虽然以上仅描述了保温填充材料中必须包括松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体,但若保温填充材料中还包括其它已知的组分或添加剂等,也是可行的。
保温填充材料的制备方法
本发明的实施例提供一种以上保温填充材料的制备方法,其包括:
用气流混合松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体以形成混合物,并在混合过程中加入拒水剂,松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间;
加热混合物使松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的表面形成拒水层。
本发明的实施例的保温填充材料的制备方法中,使用气流将松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体混合,且同时引入拒水剂,从而其将拒水处理过程和混合过程合二为一,简化了制备工艺。而且,由于在混合过程中物料必须经历充分的运动、翻转以保证混合的均匀性,故在混合过程中加入的拒水剂自然也会均匀分散在纤维材料的表面上,从而形成均匀的拒水剂层,保证拒水处理的效果良好。
在一个实施方式中,拒水剂的重量与松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的总重量的比在约0.5%至约5%之间,典型的在约1%至约2.5%之间。
拒水剂的使用量与最终产品的性能显然有相关,本发明的实施例发现,当以纤维(松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体)的总重量为100%时,拒水剂的相对重量在0.5%至5%,更典型的在1%至2.5%是比较合适的。
在一个实施方式中,以上加热的温度在约110摄氏度至约200摄氏度之间;加热的时间在约2分钟至约10分钟之间。
其中,加热处理是为了将拒水剂干燥,从而在纤维材料表面形成拒水层,其通常的加热条件是在110摄氏度至200摄氏度的温度下加热2分钟至10分钟。
保温制品
本发明的实施例提供一种填充了以上保温填充材料的保温制品,其包括:
包覆体,包覆体限定出封闭的内部空间;
填充在包覆体限定的封闭的内部空间中的保温填充材料;保温填充材料包括:松散状纤维,球状纤维集合体;松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
也就是说,可将以上的保温填充材料填充到封闭的包覆结构中,从而形成可实际应用的保温制品。
在一个实施方式中,包覆体为柔性包覆体。
也就是说,以上的包覆体可为面料、皮革等柔性的材料,从而其可通过缝制等工艺形成封闭的内部空间,由此保温制品也是柔性的,可随使用者的需要而在一定程度内变形,给使用者带来更舒适的使用体验。
在一个实施方式中,以上保温制品可为床上用品、衣物等,其具体例子包括但不限于:鞋、帽、衣服(包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等)、枕头、被子、垫子、睡袋等。
实施例
下面对本发明的各具体实施例进行更详细的介绍。
1、原料
本发明的实施例中,采用的原料具体情况如下:
纤维原料1:三维中空硅化聚酯纤维,长度64毫米,细度3丹尼尔,获取自中国江苏的中国石化仪征化纤股份有限公司。
纤维原料2:三维中空硅化聚酯纤维,长度64毫米,细度3丹尼尔,获取自中国上海的远纺工业(上海)有限公司。
拒水剂1:思高洁PM-3633型,获取自美国明尼苏达州圣保罗的3M公司。
拒水剂2:OLEOPHOBOLCP-SLA型,获取自美国犹他州盐湖城的Huntsman公司。
2、性能测试方法
为对各实施例和对比例的保温填充材料的性能进行评价,对它们进行一系列的性能测试,具体的测试方法如下:
1)样包制备
将90克样品缝制到12英寸×12英寸的尼龙布包中,作为样包1。
按照200克/平方米(gsm)的填充量将样品吹入50厘米×50厘米的尼龙布包中,并缝制出5条10厘米×50厘米的矩形绗缝格,得到样包2。
2)可吹加工性
用百联126B型充绒机对各样品进行充绒测试,以观察样品是否可以顺利完成充绒。
3)蓬松度
取干燥样品28.4克,将其分散成直径约2.5厘米的小簇后填充入带容积刻度的有机玻璃筒(直径约24.5厘米,高度大于50厘米);将压盘(重约68.4克,直径约24厘米)轻轻放入有机玻璃筒内,待压盘接触样品时开始计时,30秒后记录压盘边缘所对应的有机玻璃筒的刻度值(单位为立方英寸),测量三次取平均值,得到样品蓬松度值。
4)压缩回弹性
按照ASTMD6571-01(2001)标准测试样品的压缩回弹性,其具体包括:
将样包1放在测厚仪的底盘上,按以上标准的要求在压盘中央施加0.41lb重量,记录样包1的初始厚度为A;继续按以上标准施加外加重量至16lb并放置24小时后;移除外加重量至0.41lb,等待1小时后记录样包1恢复后的厚度值C;计算短期压缩回弹率(%):100%×C/A。
5)保温性
在20Pa的压力下测试样包2的厚度三次,以平均值作为其厚度值。
依据ASTMF1868PartC标准(即GB/T11048标准)测试Clo值,其具体包括:
将样包2覆盖在面积为A的试验板上,用加热功率H对试验板进行加热;待温度稳定后,记录试验板表面的温度Tm和环境温度(空气温度)Ta;计算热阻R,R=[A×(Tm-Ta)/(H-ΔH)]-R0;其中,ΔH为预先测定的加热功率修正量,R0为预先测定的热阻修正量;相应的,可得Clo值=6.451R。
6)拒水性
依据GB/T24120-2009标准进行拒水性测试,其具体包括:
将一定厚度的样品放在透明玻璃板上,向样品的5个不同位置各滴落一滴一定等级的乙醇水溶液(第n等级的乙醇水溶液中的乙醇含量为n×10%);一定时间后将液滴的渗透状况和扩散状况与标准状况进行比对,判断其是否通过测试,若通过则用更高等级的乙醇水溶液再次测试,以样品能通过测试的最高的乙醇水溶液等级为其拒水性等级,拒水性等级越高表示拒水性越好。
7)快干性
将样包2按照ISO63307A标准水洗后,置于20±1摄氏度的温度和30±2%的相对湿度的环境中进行晾干,每隔十分钟记录样包2重量直至恒重,以实现恒重的时间作为干燥时间。
其中,水洗采用FOM71CLS型的水平转鼓型洗衣机(获取自Electrolux公司)进行,各步骤中搅拌程度为均柔和;每次水洗的具体过程包括:洗涤,水温为40±3℃,水位13cm,时间3分钟,不冷却,其中使用20克GB/T8629-2001:7A中规定的标准洗衣粉;第一次冲洗,水位13cm,时间3分钟;第二次冲洗,水位13cm,时间3分钟,脱水时间1分钟;第三次冲洗,水位13cm,时间2分钟,脱水时间6分钟。
8)耐水洗性
将样包2按照ISO63307A标准水洗10次,其中,水洗采用FOM71CLS型的水平转鼓型洗衣机(获取自Electrolux公司)进行,各步骤中搅拌程度为均柔和;每次水洗的具体过程包括:洗涤,水温为40±3℃,水位13cm,时间3分钟,不冷却,其中使用20克GB/T8629-2001:7A中规定的标准洗衣粉;第一次冲洗,水位13cm,时间3分钟;第二次冲洗,水位13cm,时间3分钟,脱水时间1分钟;第三次冲洗,水位13cm,时间2分钟,脱水时间6分钟;然后将样包2装入翻滚烘干机烘干。观察样包2的红外图像,并打开样包2,观察其中保温填充材料的外观。
对水洗后的样包2进行热阻测试(即Clo值测试),并计算热阻保持率(%)=100×(水洗后的Clo值)/(水洗前的Clo值)。
3、具体实施例和对比例
用以上的原料,制备不同的保温填充材料,作为实施例和对比例,具体如下:
实施例1
取5千克的纤维原料1,用梳理机(YYSL型,获取自江苏迎阳无纺机械有限公司)开松梳理后形成松散状纤维。
取5千克的纤维原料1,用成球机(HJZZM-100型珍珠棉机,获取自昆山市海进机械有限公司)形成粒径3毫米至15毫米的纤维球,作为球状纤维集合体。
将两种材料以15HZ的斜帘速率置于气流成网喂入机(获取自美国Rando公司)中,进行充分混合;同时通过气流成网喂入机的喷雾装置向混合中的材料喷洒拒水剂1,其喷嘴压力为0.6MPa,使用的拒水剂1的总重量为200克(即拒水剂的重量与松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的总重量的比为2%)。
将混合完毕的材料气流输送至烘箱中,于120摄氏度烘干6分钟至9分钟,制得如图1所示的实施例1的保温填充材料。
实施例2
取7千克的纤维原料2,用开松机(HJKM-PP型,获取自昆山市海进机械有限公司)开松后形成松散状纤维。
取3千克的纤维原料2,用成球机(HJZZM-100型珍珠棉机,获取自昆山市海进机械有限公司)形成粒径3毫米至15毫米的纤维球,作为球状纤维集合体。
将两种材料喂入角钉气流成网机中(在美国专利US2005/0098910、US2010/0092746、US7491354,以及国际专利WO2011/133396A中描述),进行充分混合,其中旋转刺辊转速为180r/min,带筛运行速度3m/min;同时通过设备侧面的喷雾装置向混合中的材料喷洒拒水剂2,喷嘴压力为0.6MPa,使用的拒水剂2的总重量为300克(即拒水剂的重量与松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的总重量的比为3%)。
将混合完毕的材料气流输送至烘箱中,于150摄氏度烘干5分钟至8分钟,制得实施例2的保温填充材料。
对比例1
取以上纤维原料1,经过以上梳理机开松梳理后形成单独的松散状纤维,即对比例1的保温填充材料。
对比例2
取以上纤维原料1,用以上成球机形成粒径3毫米至15毫米的纤维球,作为单独的球状纤维集合体,即对比例2的保温填充材料。
对比例3
取5千克的纤维原料1,用以上梳理机开松梳理后形成松散状纤维。
取5千克的纤维原料1,用以上成球机形成粒径3毫米至15毫米的纤维球,作为球状纤维集合体。
将两种材料以15HZ的斜帘速率置于以上气流成网喂入机中,进行充分混合,制得对比例3的保温填充材料。
对比例4
取7千克的纤维原料2,用以上梳理机开松后形成松散状纤维。
取3千克的纤维原料2,用以上成球机形成粒径3毫米至15毫米的纤维球,作为球状纤维集合体。
将两种材料喂入以上的角钉气流成网机中,进行充分混合,制得对比例4的保温填充材料。
4、性能测试结果
按照以上的性能测试方法,对各实施例和对比例的保温填充材料进行性能测试,具体结果如下:
1)外观
本发明的实施例1的保温填充材料的外观如图1所示,可见其中的纤维蓬松、分布均匀,并无团聚、缠结等现象。
2)可吹加工性
按以上方法对各保温填充材料进行充绒。
结果对比例1的保温填充材料(单纯的松散状纤维)由于纤维间相互缠结而堵塞了充绒口;而其它实施例和对比例的保温填充材料均可顺利完成充绒。这表明,本发明的保温填充材料具有良好的可吹加工性,可用吹绒方式进行填充,方便了其实际加工使用。
3)蓬松度
按以上方法测试各保温填充材料的蓬松度值,结果如表1:
表1、各实施例和对比例的保温填充材料的蓬松度值
样品 | 蓬松度值(立方英寸/盎司) |
实施例1 | 450 |
实施例2 | 520 |
对比例1 | 620 |
对比例2 | 300 |
对比例3 | 450 |
对比例4 | 520 |
根据表1可见,本发明的实施例1和实施例2的温填充材料的蓬松度介于对比例1(单纯的松散状纤维)和对比例2(单纯的球状纤维集合体)的保温填充材料之间,并分别与对比例3和对比例4的保温填充材料相当。这表明,将球状纤维集合体和松散状纤维混合可获得介于两种原料之间的蓬松度,且拒水处理不会对蓬松度产生不良影响。
4)压缩回弹性
按以上方法将各保温填充材料制成样包1,并测试其压缩回弹性,结果如表2:
表2、各实施例和对比例的保温填充材料的短期压缩回弹率
样品 | 短期压缩回弹率(%) |
实施例1 | 78.2 |
实施例2 | 74.3 |
对比例1 | 65.8 |
对比例2 | 82.3 |
对比例3 | 78.0 |
对比例4 | 73.9 |
根据表2可见,本发明的实施例1和实施例2的温填充材料的压缩回弹率介于对比例1(单纯的松散状纤维)和对比例2(单纯的球状纤维集合体)的保温填充材料之间,并分别与对比例3和对比例4的保温填充材料相当。这表明,将球状纤维集合体和松散状纤维混合可获得介于两种原料之间的压缩回弹率,且拒水处理不会对压缩回弹率产生不良影响。
5)保温性
按以上方法将各保温填充材料制成样包2,并测试其保温性,结果如图2所示。
根据图2可见,本发明的实施例1和实施例2的温填充材料的保温性(厚度和Clo值)介于对比例1(单纯的松散状纤维)和对比例2(单纯的球状纤维集合体)的保温填充材料之间,并分别与对比例3和对比例4的保温填充材料相当。这表明,将球状纤维集合体和松散状纤维混合可获得介于两种原料之间的保温性,且拒水处理不会对保温性产生不良影响。
6)拒水性
按以上方法测试各保温填充材料的拒水性,结果如表3:
表3、各实施例和对比例的保温填充材料的拒水性
样品 | 拒水性等级 |
实施例1 | 6 |
实施例2 | 6 |
对比例1 | 3 |
对比例2 | 3 |
对比例3 | 3 |
对比例4 | 3 |
根据表3可见,本发明的实施例的保温填充材料的拒水性均为6级,远高于各对比例的保温填充材料的拒水性(均为3级)。这表明本发明的实施例的保温填充材料通过使用拒水处理获得了良好的拒水性。
7)快干性
按以上方法将各保温填充材料制成样包2,并按照以上方法测试其快干性。结果显示,实施例1的保温填充材料的干燥时间为30分钟,对比例3的保温填充材料的干燥时间则为80分钟以上。由此可见,本发明的实施例的保温填充材料具有优良的快干性。
8)耐水洗性
按以上方法将各保温填充材料制成样包2并按以上方法对其进行10次水洗。
如图3、图4所示,水洗后,实施例1的各保温填充材料外观基本无变换,仍然蓬松、均匀,其红外照片也没有明暗不均的现象。这表明本发明的实施例的保温填充材料在水洗后形态未发生明显变化,与水洗前基本保持一致。
如图5、图6所示,水洗后,对比例1(单纯的松散状纤维)的保温填充材料明显形成了大片状,且其红外照片中也存在明显的明暗不均。这表明对比例1的保温填充材料经过水洗后产生了严重的相互缠结(ColdSpots),从而在样包2中形成大量无保温填充材料的断层,且难以拍匀,影响了产品的外观、保温性、舒适性等。
如图7、图8所示,水洗后,对比例3的保温填充材料也有团聚和不均匀的现象,其红外照片也出现了明暗不均,只是程度比对比例1的保温填充材料稍轻。
而各保温填充材料的水洗后的热阻保持率如图9所示。可见,本发明的实施例的保温填充材料的热阻保持率均在98%以上,明显高于各对比例的保温填充材料的热阻保持率。
由此可见,本发明的实施例的保温填充材料在多次水洗后仍保持均匀,性能没有明显的变化,而各对比例的保温填充材料在水洗后均发生缠结,性能出现不同程度的降低。故本发明的实施例的保温填充材料具有优异的耐水洗性。
尤其是,对于对比例3、4的保温填充材料,虽然它们也是由松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体混合组成的,耐水洗性也优于对比例1(纯松散状纤维)的保温填充材料,但仍明显劣于本发明的实施例的保温填充材料。这表明,相对于单纯的一种纤维材料,将松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体混合可提高其耐水洗性,而在此基础上,若对松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体进行拒水处理,则可使保温填充材料的耐水洗性能获得进一步的提高。
其中,拒水性表示当织物遇水后不发生浸湿的能力;耐水洗性则表示纤维在水洗过程中保持性能不变(即不发生团聚、缠结)的能力。由此可见,拒水性和耐水洗性含义不同,二者并无必然关系。尤其是,水洗是时间较长的过程,故在水洗过程中,不论拒水性如何,纤维最终都会被水浸湿,因此,按照一般的观点,拒水性似乎对提高耐水洗性并无作用。但本发明中出人意料的发现,对混合的松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体使用拒水剂,可意外的改善其耐水洗性,这个结果是非显而易见的。
综上所述,本发明的实施例的保温填充材料的耐水洗性优异,且同时具有较佳的可吹加工性、快干性、回弹性、保温性等综合性能。而且,通过以上的制备方法,可同时完成混合和拒水处理,从而通过简便的方法得到性能良好的以上保温填充材料。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (20)
1.一种保温填充材料,包括:
松散状纤维;
球状纤维集合体;
其中,
所述松散状纤维和所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;
所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约40∶60至约60∶40之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述松散状纤维的纤维具有约15毫米至约75毫米之间的长度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述松散状纤维的纤维具有约28毫米至约51毫米之间的长度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述松散状纤维的纤维具有约0.2丹尼尔至约15丹尼尔之间的细度。
6.根据权利要5所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述松散状纤维的纤维具有约0.5丹尼尔至约7丹尼尔之间的细度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约15毫米至约75毫米之间的长度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约28毫米至约64毫米之间的长度。
9.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约0.7丹尼尔至约15丹尼尔之间的细度。
10.根据权利要求9所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述球状纤维集合体的纤维具有约3丹尼尔至约7丹尼尔之间的细度。
11.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
所述球状纤维集合体具有约3毫米至约15毫米之间的粒径。
12.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述球状纤维集合体的纤维具有三维卷曲且中空的结构。
13.根据权利要求1所述的保温填充材料,其中,
构成所述松散状纤维和所述球状纤维集合体的纤维为硅化纤维。
14.一种保温填充材料的制备方法,其中,包括:
用气流混合松散状纤维与球状纤维集合体以形成混合物,并在混合过程中加入拒水剂,所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间;
加热所述混合物使所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成拒水层。
15.根据权利要求14所述的保温填充材料的制备方法,其中,
所述拒水剂的重量与松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的总重量的比在约0.5%至约5%之间。
16.根据权利要求15所述的保温填充材料的制备方法,其中,
所述拒水剂的重量与松散状纤维和球状纤维集合体的总重量的比在约1%至约2.5%之间。
17.根据权利要求14所述的保温填充材料的制备方法,其中,
所述加热的温度在约110摄氏度至约200摄氏度之间;
所述加热的时间在约2分钟至约10分钟之间。
18.一种保温制品,其中,包括:
包覆体,所述包覆体限定出封闭的内部空间;
填充在所述包覆体限定的封闭的内部空间中的保温填充材料;所述保温填充材料包括:松散状纤维,球状纤维集合体;所述松散状纤维和所述球状纤维集合体的表面形成有拒水层;所述松散状纤维与所述球状纤维集合体的重量比在约30∶70至约70∶30之间。
19.根据权利要求18所述的保温制品,其中,
所述包覆体为柔性包覆体。
20.根据权利要求18所述的保温制品,其中,
所述保温制品为鞋、帽、衣服、枕头、被子、垫子、睡袋中的任意一种。
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PCT/US2016/068283 WO2017116976A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2016-12-22 | Thermal insulation filling material and preparation method thereof and thermal insulation product |
US16/064,134 US20180371654A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2016-12-22 | Thermal insulation filling material and preparation method thereof and thermal insulation product |
CN201680077252.1A CN108474154B (zh) | 2015-12-30 | 2016-12-22 | 绝热填充材料及其制备方法以及绝热产品 |
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CN201680077252.1A Active CN108474154B (zh) | 2015-12-30 | 2016-12-22 | 绝热填充材料及其制备方法以及绝热产品 |
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Cited By (3)
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CN108166159A (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-15 | 3M创新有限公司 | 保温填充材料及其制备方法、保温制品 |
WO2018233247A1 (zh) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | 江苏斯得福纺织股份有限公司 | 一种耐水洗枕芯的填充物的制备方法及其工业水洗工艺 |
CN110565265A (zh) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-13 | 成都硕屋科技有限公司 | 疏水毡材及其制备方法及疏水纤维材料的制备方法 |
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EP4124684B1 (en) | 2021-07-26 | 2024-04-03 | Carl Freudenberg KG | Fiberball padding with different fiberball shape for higher insulation |
US20230115100A1 (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-13 | Piana Nonwovens Llc | Consumer goods made with pieces of verticaly lapped nonwoven |
CN115787281A (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 浙江康洁丝新材料科技有限公司 | 一种等离子体改性超疏水疏油短纤维及其制备方法、应用 |
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WO2017116976A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
CN108474154A (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
CN108474154B (zh) | 2021-11-12 |
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