CN105605608A - Method and device for determining inlet air quantities and automatic control system - Google Patents
Method and device for determining inlet air quantities and automatic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105605608A CN105605608A CN201610073136.4A CN201610073136A CN105605608A CN 105605608 A CN105605608 A CN 105605608A CN 201610073136 A CN201610073136 A CN 201610073136A CN 105605608 A CN105605608 A CN 105605608A
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- coal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2239/00—Fuels
- F23N2239/02—Solid fuels
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for determining inlet air quantities and an automatic control system, belonging to the technical field of combustor operation air quantity control. The method comprises the following steps: determining primary inlet air quantity of a coal pulverizer according the coal supply quantity of the coal pulverizer and the air/coal ratio of the in-furnace coal quality; and determining secondary air box inlet air quantity at the air box inlet provided with a combustor according to the analytical data of the in-furnace coal quality, the coal supply quantity of the coal pulverizer and the primary inlet air quantity. The method can be used for quickly determining the optimal primary inlet air quantity and secondary air box air inlet quantity of the low-NOx cyclone combustor according to the coal supply quantity of the coal pulverizer, the air/coal ratio of the in-furnace coal quality and the analytical data of the in-furnace coal quality, implements automatic control on the primary and secondary air quantity ratio of the low-NOx cyclone combustor in the boiler operation process, and can keep the hearth outlet NOx concentration on a low level on the premise of ensuring the high-efficiency combustion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method, device and automatic control system of definite intake, belong to burner operation air quantityControl technology field.
Background technology
Turbulent burner is a kind of combustion apparatus being widely used in Industrial Boiler, shown in Fig. 1, in burner hearthConventionally with the arranged in form of opposed firing.
Wherein, adopt low NOxThe boiler of swirl flow combustion is also furnished with one or more layers in burner wind-box (A-F) topAfter-flame wind bellows (OFA), are evenly arranged one group of turbulent burner in every layer of burner wind-box, every group of turbulent burner altogetherWith a coal pulverizer, coal pulverizer inlet is provided with primary air flow measuring point, and bellows two ends are provided with secondary air flow measuring point, oneSecondary air flow regulates by corresponding baffle plate.
For the problems referred to above, the solution that prior art adopts mainly comprises: by setting up the gridding structure of boilerThe Mathematical Modeling of each physical and chemical processes that model and coal dust firing form changes the coal dust after coal-fired kind to boilerCombustion process is simulated, corresponding with between the various circumference air quantity situations of obtaining boiler and boiler combustion performance indicationsRelation, thus the circumference air quantity of described boiler is adjusted. This solution for be corner tangential firing formula potStove, and it is more complicated to calculate required model, is unsuitable for engineering application.
In addition, also having a solution is that while using identical ature of coal according to boiler, requisite oxygen tolerance is certain and in conjunction with originalSecondary air flow load curve when design coal sample, the conventional air secondary wind needing while carrying out different load typical conditionThe conversion of flow and oxygen enrichment secondary air flow, the parameter list of oxygen enrichment secondary air flow while obtaining different load typical condition,Obtain new oxygen enrichment secondary air flow load fair curve by parameter list, thereby instruct regular circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler to enterThe improved burning air distribution of row Secondary Air oxygen-enriched combusting. This solution for be Secondary Air oxygen-enriched combustion technology transformationAfter Circulating fluidized bed boiler design, be not suitable for swirl flow combustion boiler.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving existing low NOxWhat swirl flow combustion technology existed cannot make to maintain in burner hearth high burning efficiencyTime can reduce to greatest extent again NOxThe problem of growing amount, and then a kind of side of definite intake has been proposedMethod, device and automatic control system, specifically comprise following technical scheme:
A method for definite intake, comprising:
Determine an intake of coal pulverizer according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coal;
According to described enter the coal-supplying amount of analysis data, described coal pulverizer of stove ature of coal and a described intake determine and establishBe equipped with the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch of burner.
A device for definite intake, comprising:
Primary air flow determining unit, for determining coal pulverizer according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coalAn intake;
Secondary air flow determining unit, for the coal-supplying amount that enters the analysis data of stove ature of coal, described coal pulverizer described in basis withAnd a described intake is determined the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch that is provided with burner.
A kind of intake automatic control system, comprising: primary air flow checkout gear, Primary air flow control device, secondaryThe device of Wind volume detector, secondary air flow control device and definite intake as claimed in claim 7; DescribedPrimary air flow checkout gear is arranged on coal pulverizer air inlet place, and described Primary air flow control device is used for according to once describedThe primary air flow that Wind volume detector detects in the actual primary air flow of acquisition and the device of described definite intake is determinedThe intake that unit is determined is controlled the air quantity at coal pulverizer air inlet place, and described secondary air flow checkout gear is establishedPut in bellows porch, described secondary air flow control device is used for obtaining according to described secondary air flow checkout gear detectionThe definite secondary air box air intake of secondary air flow determining unit in the device of actual secondary air flow and described definite intakeAmount is controlled the air quantity of bellows porch.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and enter the coal-air ratio of stove ature of coal and enter stove coalThe analysis data of matter can be determined low NO fastxIntake of the best and the secondary air box intake of turbulent burner,Realize and in boiler running process, automatically controlled low NOxOne secondary air flow proportioning of turbulent burner is high in guaranteeWhen effect burning, can maintain again low-level furnace outlet NOxConcentration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the low NO of available technology adoptingxThe boiler furnace structure chart of combustion technology.
Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of the method for determining intake in the mode of example.
Fig. 3 shows the structure chart of the device of determining intake in the mode of example.
Fig. 4 shows the structure chart of intake automatic control system in the mode of example.
Fig. 5 shows intake automatic control system in the mode of example and is arranged on the structure chart in turbulent burner.
Fig. 6 shows the intake automatic control system flow chart of an air intake of control automatically in the mode of example.
Fig. 7 shows intake automatic control system and automatically controls the flow chart of secondary air box air intake in the mode of example.
Detailed description of the invention
This detailed description of the invention has proposed a kind of method of definite intake, shown in Fig. 2, comprising:
Step 21, determines an intake of coal pulverizer according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coal.
Wherein, an intake can be determined by following formula:
Vp=kp·M
V in formulapAn intake that represents coal pulverizer, unit is t/h; kpRepresent the coal-air ratio into stove ature of coal, withEnter stove coal relevant, for example, for bituminous coal, kpSpan be 1.6-1.8, for brown coal, the span of k is1.8-2.0 etc., concrete numerical value can be determined by coal pulverizer performance test; M represents the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer, and unit is t/h.
Optionally, if an intake of determining is less than the minimum ventilation of the design of coal pulverizer, can be by of coal pulverizerInferior intake is defined as the minimum ventilation of design of coal pulverizer.
Step 22, according to entering the analysis data of stove ature of coal, coal-supplying amount and definite setting of intake of coal pulverizerThere is the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch of burner.
Wherein, secondary air box intake can be determined by following formula:
Vs=α·[0.089(C+0.375S)+0.265H-0.0333O]·M-Vp
V in formulasRepresent secondary air box intake, α represents excess air coefficient, and C represents the As-received into stove ature of coalCarbon mass fraction, S represents the As-received element sulphur mass fraction into stove ature of coal, H represents receiving into stove ature of coalBase protium mass fraction, O represents the As-received oxygen element mass fraction into stove ature of coal, M represent coal pulverizer toCoal amount, VpRepresent one time intake.
Excess air coefficient α wherein reduces with the increase of the secondary air box place number of plies by predetermined ratio, for example, can lead toCrossing following formula determines:
K in formulasRepresent oxygen debt coefficient, span is 0.10-0.45 under normal circumstances, and actual value can be by burningAdjusting test determines; X represents the secondary air box place number of plies, and for example, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, A, C are at the 1st layer, rightThe x=1 answering, B, D be at the 2nd layer, corresponding x=2, E, F be at the 3rd layer, corresponding x=3; N represents secondaryThe total number of plies of bellows, for example, in Fig. 1, N=3.
Or excess air coefficient α also can determine by following formula:
α=α0-ksxp
Wherein, α0Representing predetermined constant, can value be generally 1.05; ksRepresent oxygen debt coefficient, can be according to realityThe functional form that border adopts is determined span; P represents predetermined power exponent, is generally constant.
Optionally, if definite secondary air box intake is less than the minimum secondary air flow of the design of burner, by Secondary AirCase intake is defined as the minimum secondary air flow of design of burner.
Adopt this detailed description of the invention that technical scheme is provided, by according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer with enter the wind coal of stove ature of coalThan and the analysis data that enter stove ature of coal can determine fast low NOxIntake of the best and two of turbulent burnerInferior bellows intake can maintain again low-level furnace outlet NO in ensureing efficient burningxConcentration.
This detailed description of the invention has also proposed a kind of device of definite intake, shown in Fig. 3, comprising:
Primary air flow determining unit 31, for determining coal-grinding according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coalAn intake of machine;
Secondary air flow determining unit 32, for entering the analysis data of stove ature of coal, the coal supply of described coal pulverizer described in basisAmount and a described intake are determined the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch that is provided with burner.
Wherein, primary air flow determining unit 31 can be determined mill according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coalAn intake of coal machine, if an intake of determining is less than the minimum ventilation of the design of coal pulverizer, can be by onceIntake is defined as the minimum ventilation of design of coal pulverizer. Secondary air flow determining unit 32 can be according to entering dividing of stove ature of coalAnalyse the coal-supplying amount of data, coal pulverizer and the secondary air box of a definite bellows porch that is provided with burner of intakeIntake, if definite secondary air box intake is less than the minimum secondary air flow of the design of burner, enters secondary air boxAir quantity is defined as the minimum secondary air flow of design of burner.
Adopt this detailed description of the invention that technical scheme is provided, by according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer with enter the wind coal of stove ature of coalThan and the analysis data that enter stove ature of coal can determine fast low NOxIntake of the best and two of turbulent burnerInferior bellows intake can maintain again low-level furnace outlet NO in ensureing efficient burningxConcentration.
This detailed description of the invention has also proposed a kind of intake automatic control system, shown in Fig. 4, comprising: onceWind volume detector 41, Primary air flow control device 42, secondary air flow checkout gear 43, secondary air flow control device44 and the device 45 of definite intake; Primary air flow checkout gear 41 is arranged on coal pulverizer air inlet place, a windAmount control device 42 is for detecting according to primary air flow checkout gear 41 the actual primary air flow and the definite intake that obtainDevice 45 in intakes determining of primary air flow determining unit 31 air quantity at coal pulverizer air inlet place is carried outControl, secondary air flow checkout gear 43 is arranged on bellows porch, and secondary air flow control device 44 is for according to secondaryThe secondary air flow that Wind volume detector 43 detects in the actual secondary air flow of acquisition and the device 45 of definite intake is determinedThe definite secondary air box intake in unit 32 is controlled the air quantity of bellows porch.
Optionally, comprise at Primary air flow control device 42:
Primary air flow input module, for obtaining the actual primary air flow at coal pulverizer air inlet place;
A comparison module, for determining a definite intake of actual primary air flow and primary air flow determining unitComparative result;
A wind control module, for adjusting actual primary air flow according to comparative result.
Optionally, comprise at secondary air flow control device 44:
Secondary air flow input module, for obtaining the actual secondary air flow of burner fuel porch;
Secondary comparison module, for the secondary air box air intake of determining that actual secondary air flow and secondary air flow determining unit are definiteThe comparative result of amount;
Secondary wind-force control module, for adjusting actual secondary air flow according to comparative result.
The method of the definite intake proposing according to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, this detailed description of the invention has proposed one and has enteredAir quantity automatic control system, this system is arranged in turbulent burner as shown in Figure 5. This turbulent burner comprises millCoal machine 51 and the bellows 53 that are provided with burner 52, primary air flow checkout gear 41 is arranged on entering of coal pulverizer 51Air port place, Primary air flow control device 42 according to primary air flow checkout gear 41 detect the actual primary air flow that obtains andDetermine the intake that the primary air flow determining unit in the device 45 of intake is determined, and by a windshield plate54 control the air quantity at the air inlet place of coal pulverizer 51, and secondary air flow checkout gear 43 is arranged on the porch of bellows 53,Secondary air flow control device 44 detects according to secondary air flow checkout gear 43 the actual secondary air flow and the definite air intake that obtainThe definite secondary air box intake of secondary air flow determining unit in the device 45 of amount, and control by secondary air damper 55The air quantity of the air quantity porch of bellows 53 processed.
Shown in Fig. 6 is that the air intake of intake automatic control system that this detailed description of the invention proposes is controlled automaticallyFlow process, first determines coal-air ratio k according to coal pulverizer performance testpAnd the actual coal-supplying amount M of definite coal pulverizer, soCalculate by primary air flow determining unit an intake V who obtains coal pulverizer afterwardsp。
If now calculate an intake V who obtainspBe greater than the minimum ventilation V of design of coal pulverizerp0, by this onceIntake VpBe defined as intake V one timep; If now calculate an intake V who obtainspBe less than the design of coal pulverizerMinimum ventilation Vp0, by minimum the design of coal pulverizer ventilation Vp0Be defined as bellows intake V No. one timep。
Then obtained the actual primary air flow V at coal pulverizer air inlet place by primary air flow input module1, then by once comparingModule is determined actual primary air flow V1With an intake VpComparative result. If it is inclined to one side that comparative result is greater than default air quantityPoor Δ1(be V1-Vp>Δ1), turn down to reduce reality once by windshield plate 54 of a wind control module controlsAir quantity V1; If comparative result is less than the negative value-Δ of default air quantity difference1(be V1-Vp<-Δ1), by a wind-force controlWindshield plate 54 of module controls processed is opened greatly to increase actual primary air flow V1; If comparative result is inclined to one side at default air quantityPoor Δ1Negative value-Δ with default air quantity difference1Between (be Δ1>V1-Vp>-Δ1), without a windshield plate 54 is enteredRow is adjusted.
Wherein, default air quantity difference Δ1Can be according to actual primary air flow V1The actual fluctuating range of measuring point registration is determined.
Shown in Fig. 7 is that the secondary air of intake automatic control system that this detailed description of the invention proposes is controlled automaticallyFlow process, first determines oxygen debt coefficient k according to burning regulation experiments, secondary air box place number of plies x and secondary air box totalNumber of plies N, and calculate acquisition excess air coefficient α. Then determine single according to primary air flow by secondary air flow determining unitAn intake V who obtains calculates in unitpAnd in conjunction with excess air coefficient α and enter stove ature of coal analysis data calculate obtainSecondary air box intake Vs. Wherein, the analysis data that enter stove ature of coal can include the As-received carbon matter of stove ature of coalMeasure mark C, enter the As-received element sulphur mass fraction S of stove ature of coal, enter the As-received protium mass fraction of stove ature of coalH, enters the As-received oxygen element mass fraction O of stove ature of coal.
If now calculate the secondary air box intake V obtainingsBe greater than the minimum ventilation V of design of burners0, by thisTime definite secondary air box intake VsBe defined as secondary air box intake Vs; If now calculating the secondary air box obtaining entersAir quantity VsBe less than the minimum ventilation V of design of burners0, by minimum the design of burner ventilation Vs0Be defined as twoInferior bellows intake Vs。
Then obtained the actual secondary air flow V of bellows porch by secondary air flow input module2, then by secondary comparison moduleDetermine actual secondary air flow V2With secondary air box intake VsComparative result. If it is inclined to one side that comparative result is greater than default air quantityPoor Δ2(be V2-Vs>Δ2), turn down to reduce actual secondary by secondary wind-force control module control secondary air damper 55Air quantity V2; If comparative result is less than the negative value-Δ of default air quantity difference2(be V2-Vs<-Δ2), by the control of secondary wind-forceModule controls secondary air damper 55 processed is opened greatly to increase actual primary air flow V2; If comparative result is inclined to one side at default air quantityPoor Δ2Negative value-Δ with default air quantity difference2Between (be Δ2>V2-Vs>-Δ2), without to secondary air damper 55Adjust.
Wherein, default air quantity difference Δ2Can be according to actual secondary air flow V2The actual fluctuating range of measuring point registration is determined.
Adopt this detailed description of the invention that technical scheme is provided, by according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer with enter the wind coal of stove ature of coalThan and the analysis data that enter stove ature of coal can determine fast low NOxIntake of the best and two of turbulent burnerInferior bellows intake, has realized and in boiler running process, has automatically controlled low NOxOne secondary air flow of turbulent burnerProportioning can maintain again low-level furnace outlet NO in ensureing efficient burningxConcentration.
This detailed description of the invention is that technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described, and embodiment wherein onlyBe only a part of embodiment of the present invention, and be not whole embodiment. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, abilityField technique personnel are not belonging to this through all other embodiments that obtain under the prerequisite of creative workBright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a method for definite intake, is characterized in that, comprising:
Determine an intake of coal pulverizer according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coal;
According to described enter the coal-supplying amount of analysis data, described coal pulverizer of stove ature of coal and a described intake determine and establishBe equipped with the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch of burner.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, an intake of described definite coal pulverizer comprises:
If an intake of determining is less than the minimum ventilation of the design of described coal pulverizer, by described coal pulverizer onceIntake is defined as the minimum ventilation of design of described coal pulverizer; And/or
The secondary air box intake of determining the bellows porch that is provided with burner comprises:
If definite secondary air box intake is less than the minimum secondary air flow of the design of described burner, by described Secondary AirCase intake is defined as the minimum secondary air flow of design of described burner.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, a described intake is by following formulaDetermine:
Vp=kp·M
Wherein, VpRepresent one time intake, kpRepresent the coal-air ratio into stove ature of coal, M represents the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, below described secondary air box intake passes throughFormula is determined:
Vs=α·[0.089(C+0.375S)+0.265H-0.0333O]·M-Vp
Wherein, VsRepresent secondary air box intake, α represents excess air coefficient, and C represents the As-received into stove ature of coalCarbon mass fraction, S represents the As-received element sulphur mass fraction into stove ature of coal, H represents receiving into stove ature of coalBase protium mass fraction, O represents the As-received oxygen element mass fraction into stove ature of coal, M represent coal pulverizer toCoal amount, VpRepresent one time intake.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described excess air coefficient is pressed predetermined ratio with instituteState the increase of the secondary air box place number of plies and reduce.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described excess air coefficient α is by following formulaIn any one determine:
Wherein, ksRepresent oxygen debt coefficient, x represents the secondary air box place number of plies, and N represents the total number of plies of secondary air box; OrPerson:
α=α0-ksxp
Wherein, α0Represent predetermined constant; ksRepresent oxygen debt coefficient; P represents predetermined power exponent.
7. a device for definite intake, is characterized in that, comprising:
Primary air flow determining unit, for determining coal pulverizer according to the coal-supplying amount of coal pulverizer and the coal-air ratio that enters stove ature of coalAn intake;
Secondary air flow determining unit, for the coal-supplying amount that enters the analysis data of stove ature of coal, described coal pulverizer described in basis withAnd a described intake is determined the secondary air box intake of the bellows porch that is provided with burner.
8. an intake automatic control system, is characterized in that, comprising: primary air flow checkout gear, a windAmount control device, secondary air flow checkout gear, secondary air flow control device and as claimed in claim 7 determine intoThe device of air quantity; Described primary air flow checkout gear is arranged on coal pulverizer air inlet place, described Primary air flow control deviceFor detecting the actual primary air flow of acquisition and the device of described definite intake according to described primary air flow checkout gearIn primary air flow determining unit determine an intake air quantity at coal pulverizer air inlet place is controlled, described twoInferior Wind volume detector is arranged on bellows porch, and described secondary air flow control device is for examining according to described secondary air flowSecondary air flow determining unit in the actual secondary air flow that the detection of survey device obtains and the device of described definite intake is trueFixed secondary air box intake is controlled the air quantity of bellows porch.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, comprises at described Primary air flow control device:
Primary air flow input module, for obtaining the actual primary air flow at coal pulverizer air inlet place;
A comparison module, definite once for determining described actual primary air flow and described primary air flow determining unitThe comparative result of intake;
A wind control module, for adjusting described actual primary air flow according to described comparative result.
10. system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, comprises at described secondary air flow control device:
Secondary air flow input module, for obtaining the actual secondary air flow of bellows porch;
Secondary comparison module, for the secondary of determining that described actual secondary air flow and described secondary air flow determining unit are definiteThe comparative result of bellows intake;
Secondary wind-force control module, for adjusting described actual secondary air flow according to described comparative result.
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CN201610073136.4A CN105605608A (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | Method and device for determining inlet air quantities and automatic control system |
PCT/CN2016/109029 WO2017133316A1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-12-08 | Method, device, and automatic control system for determining air intake amount for opposed firing |
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CN106352370A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-25 | 邢红涛 | Air distribution control method and device of pulverized coal boiler |
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