CN105553207A - High-power density electric vehicle motor - Google Patents
High-power density electric vehicle motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105553207A CN105553207A CN201610075741.5A CN201610075741A CN105553207A CN 105553207 A CN105553207 A CN 105553207A CN 201610075741 A CN201610075741 A CN 201610075741A CN 105553207 A CN105553207 A CN 105553207A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- motor
- magnetic
- rotor
- hole
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
- H02K21/227—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos having an annular armature coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-power density electric vehicle motor, which comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is located in the rotor; a plurality of stator slots which are evenly distributed up and down are arranged in a circular region of the stator; an annular coil is arranged in each stator slot; the regions between the adjacent stator slots are magnetic-conducting regions; each magnetic-conducting region comprises magnetic poles, a winding slot bottom and annular windings; the magnetic poles are distributed in a straight line; the rotor comprises permanent magnets and inclined magnetizers; the permanent magnets are evenly arranged obliquely; the inclined magnetizers and the permanent magnets are correspondingly distributed; a small through hole or no through hole is formed in the center of the stator; and the structure of each stator slot is in a round shape or a roundish shape or a square shape with a round angle. The high-power density electric vehicle motor can improve the power density of the motor, especially can improve the torque density of the motor, and can fully develop the magnetic permeability and the frequency performance of a permeability magnetic material in structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motors, particularly relate to a kind of high power density motor in electric automobile.
Background technology
The development of motor technology, to seek higher power density and torque density be one of them important originating party to.Limited by the performance boundary of conventional material up till now, the raising of this two indexes is restricted, high-power design of electrical motor is had in current technology, often need to realize by improving rotating speed, in the application especially in the application of electric automobile, the coupling of service area needs to be realized by decelerator, and the structural complexity of whole system increases, and index decreases.
Such as popular at present electric motor car mark post tesla electric motor car, mair motor needs the decelerator of coupling an about 9:1 to realize the connection of drive motors and wheel, unfavorable to simplifying vehicle structure.
High power density motor, as the CN103329410A (YASA electric machine structure and over-molded make) of YASA Electric Machine Co., Ltd, by have employed the electric machine structure of axial magnetic flux, achieve the motor of high power density, achieve the nominal power density of 3Kw/Kg and the peak power density of 6Kw/Kg; By axial flux structure, there is extremely short stator magnetic circuit in this design, by achieve high current density to the high efficiency cooling of stator, thus improve the power-weight ratio of motor.
A kind of motor of electric helicopter is proposed in the CN103283126A patent of Siemens Company, the high power/weight ratio of nearly 8Kw/Kg can be realized, in this design, make use of transverse magnetic flux structure, be increased by the circumferential radius improving motor, with the increase of pole pair, achieve high power density.
CN103329410A and CN103283126A all achieves high performance, but from the angle that electric machine structure is optimized, both pass through the improvement of electromechanics structure and battery line structure, still can do certain raising.
Motor in CN103329410A needs to improve power density again, the restriction of current density will be received, in the design of this motor of YASA, the stator module with a lot of (typical in 24) concentratred winding is formed, the winding cross section that stator magnetic conduction magnetic circuit exists again stator is simultaneously there is on the one hand like this having in efficiency flat of stator, there is competitive relation each other in both structures, also there is the problem of a winding efficiency in the winding of stator on the other hand, the effective cross-section of winding and perimeter are than the efficiency determining a winding, obvious winding profile is more complicated, or winding is less, winding efficiency is lower, from the design of motor, reflection is exactly the increase of the copper loss part of motor.The increase of concentratred winding structure in modern electrical machine design, the end girth exactly by reducing motor winding reduces the copper loss of motor, thus improves the efficiency of motor.Due to the existence of this contradiction in stator, result in the restriction of the further raising of the power of motor density under the restriction of middle certain volume.Under certain volume, motor does not realize the synchronous increase of power and moment of torsion by increasing magnetic pole, increases the restriction of an existence limiting value.
The design of CN103283126A and transverse flux motor structure, a problem of axis and radial flux configurations motor is avoided from structure, the cross section that the circuit of motor and magnetic circuit are occupied is separated, thus the power of motor and the increase of moment of torsion can be realized by the number of poles increasing motor.Certainly, also there are some in the structure of CN103283126A can improvements, in design, the winding efficiency of motor is not too high, most area in the middle of winding is non-effective area, can see from the structure of rotor meanwhile, the magnet structure that the surface that motor adopts is installed, magnetic circuit is cascaded structure, and the working point, magnetic field of motor can not be too high, is equivalent to the winding efficiency reducing stator.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art existence, and a kind of high power density motor in electric automobile is provided, may be used for the electric automobile to power of motor weight demands sensitivity, or have compact motor to drive the system required, application as high to power density requirements in each side such as EPS.
The object of the invention is to have come by following technical solution, be made up of rotor and stator, described stator is positioned at rotor, and the hoop region of this stator is provided with several and presents the inferior stator slot all distributed, and is provided with annulus in this stator slot; Region between adjacent stator slot is magnetic conduction region, this magnetic conduction region by the bottom of magnetic pole, slot for winding and circular ring type winding form, linearly distribution between magnetic pole and magnetic pole; Described rotor is made up of permanent magnet and oblique magnetic conductor, and described permanent magnet is that oblique grade is all arranged, oblique magnetic conductor and permanent magnet are corresponding distribution.
As preferably, the center of described stator is small through hole or without through hole, when namely the center of stator is small through hole, be interspersed with rotating shaft in this small through hole, be respectively equipped with upper bearing (metal) and lower bearing between this small through hole and rotating shaft, and this rotating shaft and rotor is fixedly connected; When the center of stator is without through hole, rotor and external drive structure are fixedly connected.
As preferably, the structure of described stator slot is circular or subcircular or have the square shape of fillet.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The design, by improving the structure of motor, optimizes the overall winding efficiency of motor, improves the driving moment of motor, makes full use of the frequency characteristic of permeability magnetic material simultaneously, reaches the object of the power density improving motor; Insensitive simultaneously due to number of poles on electric machine structure, can improve output torque by improving number of poles to a certain extent, realizing the output of high moment of torsion and power;
The electrical efficiency of the winding of the design is high, the shortcoming relatively not having power factor (PF) low with conventional transverse flux motor, the simultaneously compact conformation of motor, is adapted to electric automobile etc. has requirement occasion to structure;
The design has firm advantage in mechanical structure, circular outer-rotor structure, and the rigidity of structure is high, and the ability to bear for the radial magnetic force of motor is strong, and motor reliability is high, and structurally this has clear superiority relative to the plane rotor of axial-flux electric machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is main TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is magnetic conduction regional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that rotor of the present invention launches cross section structure schematic diagram.
Label in accompanying drawing is respectively: 1, rotor; 2, stator; 3, annulus; 4, rotating shaft; 5, upper bearing (metal); 6, lower bearing; 11, permanent magnet; 12, oblique magnetic conductor; 21, hoop region; 22, stator slot; 23, magnetic conduction region; 24, small through hole; 231, magnetic pole; 232, at the bottom of slot for winding; 233, circular ring type winding.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, detailed introduction is done to the present invention: as shown in accompanying drawing 1 to 3, the present invention is made up of rotor 1 and stator 2, described stator 2 is positioned at rotor 1, the hoop region 21 of this stator 2 is provided with several and presents the inferior stator slot 22 all distributed, and is provided with annulus 3 in this stator slot 22, region between adjacent stator slot 22 is magnetic conduction region 23, this magnetic conduction region 23 is by magnetic pole 231, at the bottom of slot for winding 232 and circular ring type winding 233 form, linearly distribution between magnetic pole 231 and magnetic pole 231, reduce the technology difficulty to stator magnetic conductive loop, stator can adopt the winding-structure of high permeability material, the winding combining structure of single grain-oriented Si steel sheet of such as relatively economical, the saturation flux intensity of 2T can be reached, not obvious increase again on cost simultaneously, avoid needing by BMC in some designs, cause the decline of magnetic property, and then cause the decline of performance of entirety of motor.This magnetic conduction region 23 is with the maximum functional magnetic flux a little less than motor, and therefore cross section is slightly larger than magnetic pole 231 area of motor; The rotor 1 of motor adopts magnetism-collected structure, and rotor 1 is made up of permanent magnet 11 and oblique magnetic conductor 12, and described permanent magnet 11 is all arranged in oblique grade, and oblique magnetic conductor 12 and permanent magnet 11 are in corresponding distribution; The different magnetization of this permanent magnet 11 is square, is magnetized to as different magnetic poles, is obviously less than the area of magnet because work area is former by oblique magnetic conductor 12, and the magnetic field intensity that will be enhanced extremely is gone up in work, thus realizes the high power density of motor.
The oblique magnetic conductor 12 of obvious rotor is except providing magnetic flux to magnetic pole 231, and the leakage field of self is also very strong simultaneously, and especially between the interval of two magnets, have powerful magnetic field intensity, the leakage field in space is the most obvious.The method of reply rotor leakage has several, one is that the pole-face increasing excitation permanent magnet amasss, sacrifice the source magnetic flux of a part of permanent magnet to provide leakage flux, two is at leakage field position, it is the magnetic conduction surface except stator poles lower portion in motor, cover permanent magnet, the stray field intensity in space is weakened in the opposing magnetic field utilizing magnetic field of permanent magnet to provide, thus reduces leakage flux.Can in two ways jointly in conjunction with employing in certain reality, the performance under the process conditions that realization possesses and the balance of cost.
By the rotor of magnetism-collected structure, the breath magnetic flux that can provide reaches the saturation flux of magnetic conductor, and when magnetic conductor is adopted as oriented material, choice decision direction is pole orientation, can obtain maximum rotor flux and export.
Adopt the motor of magnetism-collected structure, motor is extremely lower is saturation magnetic field state, and thus motor shows as the characteristic of square wave permanent magnetic motor, has maximum power and moment of torsion output.
When in some specific application scenarios, as in EPS electric boosting steering system, require high to the ride comfort of moment of torsion, at this moment by changing the shape of magnetic pole 231, magnetic pole and magnetic field change is modified to sine, the shape of magnetic pole 231 end face is close to circular or circular, reduces the harmonic wave in magnetic field, thus improves the ride comfort of motor.
According to a motor of square pole design,
External diameter: 150mm
Breath diameter: 110mm
Number of poles: 32 poles
Motor is high: 113mm
Moment of torsion: about 600NM
Power: 80Kw, when supply frequency is 660Hz, when permeability magnetic material is orientation silicon steel, operating magnetic field flux 1.8T
The resulting structure weight of motor: 11Kg
The power-weight ratio of motor is: 7.27KW/Kg
The stator winding type of cooling: water-cooled or oil cooling.
Stator 2 structure is transverse magnetic flux structure, be different from the motor of common transverse magnetic flux structure, the center of stator 2 is small through hole 24 or without through hole, namely when the center of stator 2 is small through hole 24, rotating shaft 4 is interspersed with in this small through hole 24, between this small through hole 24 and rotating shaft 4, be respectively equipped with upper bearing (metal) 5 and lower bearing 6, and this rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected with rotor 1; When the center of stator 2 is without through hole, rotor 1 and external drive structure are fixedly connected.Certainly, from the angle of stator efficiency, stator sky is equivalent to the blade-end loss of stator winding, and just aperture is less, is maximumly no more than 70% of coil bottom diameter, and middle structure is non-magnet material.
The hoop cross section in the hoop region 21 in stator structure part is large compared with magnetic pole of the stator area, makes it to be in linear high magnetic property district, forms magnetic screening effect to jack shaft.
Have annulus 3 successively in stator slot 22, according to motor the number of phases number, distribute successively.
The structure of described stator slot 22 is circular or subcircular or have the square shape of fillet; Take into consideration from the optimization angle of magnetic circuit and the manufacturability of processing, have and the combination reached further between conducting channel and orthogonal magnetic circuit can reach an optimum value compared with the rectangle structure of Rouno Cormer Pregrinding Wheel.
Consider from the balance of technique and performance, motor can adopt the grooved of identical or different stator slot 22 to combine, the grooved at grooved and two ends especially.
In this motor, stator winding has regular simple cirque structure, therefore implements compulsory cooling provision to stator winding and is easier to realize with the current density ratio improving stator, and the wire especially by hollow carries out inside forces cooling, can easily implement.Because motor is the structure of multi-pole, the corresponding increase of operating frequency, the effect of the skin effect of wire, wire hollow can't be obvious on the impact of electric conductivity.Owing to there being the coil shape close to regular circle, the heating of wire and dispel the heat uniform and stable, is conducive to heat radiation equally.
Also can carry out external refrigeration to wire, cooling liquid bath is set in slot for winding, winding is immersed in cooling liquid bath.Answer the shape of winding in the structure of motor regular, arranging of this cooling liquid bath is relatively easy.
Be understandable that, for a person skilled in the art, technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept be equal to and replace or change the protection range that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a high power density motor in electric automobile, be made up of rotor (1) and stator (2), it is characterized in that: described stator (2) is positioned at rotor (1), the hoop region (21) of this stator (2) is provided with several and presents the inferior stator slot (22) all distributed, and is provided with annulus (3) in this stator slot (22); Region between adjacent stator slot (22) is magnetic conduction region (23), this magnetic conduction region (23) is made up of (232) at the bottom of magnetic pole (231), slot for winding and circular ring type winding (233), linearly distribution between magnetic pole (231) and magnetic pole (231); Described rotor (1) is made up of permanent magnet (11) and oblique magnetic conductor (12), described permanent magnet (11) is all arranged in oblique grade, and oblique magnetic conductor (12) and permanent magnet (11) are in corresponding distribution.
2. high power density motor in electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the center of described stator (2) is small through hole (24) or without through hole, namely when the center of stator (2) is small through hole (24), rotating shaft (4) is interspersed with in this small through hole (24), between this small through hole (24) and rotating shaft (4), be respectively equipped with upper bearing (metal) (5) and lower bearing (6), and this rotating shaft (4) and rotor (1) are fixedly connected; When the center of stator (2) is without through hole, rotor (1) and external drive structure are fixedly connected.
3. high power density motor in electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the structure of described stator slot (22) is circular or subcircular or have the square shape of fillet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610075741.5A CN105553207A (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | High-power density electric vehicle motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610075741.5A CN105553207A (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | High-power density electric vehicle motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105553207A true CN105553207A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610075741.5A Pending CN105553207A (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | High-power density electric vehicle motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111654128A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-11 | 河北工业大学 | Axial synchronous reluctance motor |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101189782A (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2008-05-28 | 株式会社电装 | Electromotor and its control device |
| CN102638119A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 河北科技大学 | Permanent magnet motor rotor with small output torque ripple |
| CN103580324A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet motor with same |
| CN205544852U (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-08-31 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | High power density electric vehicle motor |
-
2016
- 2016-02-03 CN CN201610075741.5A patent/CN105553207A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101189782A (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2008-05-28 | 株式会社电装 | Electromotor and its control device |
| CN102638119A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 河北科技大学 | Permanent magnet motor rotor with small output torque ripple |
| CN103580324A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet motor with same |
| CN205544852U (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-08-31 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | High power density electric vehicle motor |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111654128A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-11 | 河北工业大学 | Axial synchronous reluctance motor |
| CN111654128B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2024-05-10 | 河北工业大学 | Axial synchronous reluctance motor |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |