CN1054257C - Harvest method of cutting stem and raking in line after picking and pick harvester before cutting - Google Patents
Harvest method of cutting stem and raking in line after picking and pick harvester before cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN1054257C CN1054257C CN96101636A CN96101636A CN1054257C CN 1054257 C CN1054257 C CN 1054257C CN 96101636 A CN96101636 A CN 96101636A CN 96101636 A CN96101636 A CN 96101636A CN 1054257 C CN1054257 C CN 1054257C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a harvesting method and a machine for threshing grains firstly and then cutting straws to gather up into swath. The straws are cut by a following cutter and gathered up into the swath by a reel rod after threshed by a picking and threshing drum; threshed objects are conveyed by air and boosted by a shifting finger for preventing blockage. Long straws in an inertial separation box are compressed by a pressing rod and grasped by the shifting finger with synchronization with the pressing rod; the long straws are forcibly conveyed into an axial flow drum for rethreshing and primarily cleaned by a transverse flow fan; then, the long straws are screened by a vertical trunnion screen and gettered and cleaned by annular suction air flow. The present invention has the advantages of high operating speed, high efficiency, low grain loss, little grain damage, low cutting stubble and uniform swath, and the threshing, the cutting and the gathering processes can be finished once; the present invention can not cut the straws in order that whole plants return field.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of pluck take off after cutting stem and hug the harvest method and the machine thereof of slivering shop immediately.
Traditional combine ties up to the full feed type that complete stool feeding machine in stem stalk root cutting back carries out threshing, separates and cleans.Its shortcoming especially when receiving paddy rice grain from straw, separate do not cause damage only, grain husking and fragmentation, operating efficiency be low excessively.
Day the present invention's clamping semi-feeding type paddy rice combine also is first stalk cutting rod, by its base portion of clamping device clamping, only the first half with straw feeds the sheller unit threshing, though it can avoid some shortcomings of above-mentioned full feed type, but its operating efficiency is lower, mechanisms such as clamping conveying are very complicated.The grain loss of getting wheat is big.
Threshing prior to cutting mode (Threshing Prior to Cutting) is exactly earlier grain to be taken off under the crop standing state, and the straw of threshing is cut in another follow-up subjob and hugs integrated shop.This mode both can make straw not avoid many troubles that cause because of straw by machine, can avoid complicated clamping device again.
The reaping machine of threshing prior to cutting mode has two classes:
1. (see country's invention: " threshing prior to cutting method and threshing prior to cutting reaping machine " by the arch dental roller threshing and by the threshing prior to cutting reaping machine of pneumatic transportation emersion object, the patent No. 88106505.6) is characterized in because employing feeds machine in fringe mode headfirst, hit threshing through the bow tooth, just can almost reach whole threshings at this position, only have very a spot of disconnected fringe to take off again.Its another characteristics are to have adopted grain lifter, are fit to receive the crop of serious lodging.But acquisition means is hugged in the cutting that its shortcoming is running gear the place ahead can't be provided with straw, thereby can not gather in the operation of straw in threshing simultaneously.
2. pluck and take off platform (Stripper Header), it is to replace on the thresher part of header prolong knot at combine in the position of original header as an annex of traditional combine.Its is plucked the grain ear on the straw and grain in machine is advanced with the cylinder that the triangular plate tooth is housed and takes off, and contains relatively large grain ear in the emersion object, needs to rely on the traditional threshing cylinder of combine to take off again.Pluck the emersion object that the fringe threshing cylinder takes off plucked that takes off platform and directly get rid of band conveyor and auger EP0423789A1 into its rear by this plate tooth.
One of its shortcoming is owing to pluck that to take off the platform longitudinal size excessive, can't establish cutting and hug acquisition means before running gear, can not gather in the crops straw in threshing.Its two shatterings when being threshing loss is bigger, when especially gathering in the crops the bigger paddy rice of humidity before the slow and frost in the speed of travel.
On traditional combine, " horizontal screen-air-flow " dressing mechanism is huge, as except the auger and elevator of grain, also need establish assorted surplus auger and elevators such as transporting disconnected fringe.If adopting vertical shaft screen to combine with auger to clean with regard to comparable horizontal screen has the following advantages: but the strong reduced volume of separating cleaning ability, weight reduction, the influence that vibration that the release reciprocating motion causes and transaction capabilities are not subjected to ground line gradient.It is to be solved that but studies show that of existing relevant vertical shaft screen both at home and abroad also has many problems.
The research of existing vertical shaft screen.Just study shaft screen vertical and that make up-down vibration abroad in the sixties.Material is in the feeding tube of top and shed out, be attached at the inner surface of screen drum, and rotation together thereupon, and grain is to rely on the screen drum vibration to produce with the relative displacement of compass screen surface and by sieve aperture.Because to vibrate, structure is wanted again, transaction capabilities is understable, fail to promote and open.
(l、J.K.Park，“A?Verticl?Rotating?Screen?Separator”，“AgriculturalEngineering”，1967.No.5；2、E.C.Γончаров，“O?Pационалиой?φормcПоверхности?Иeнтробежно-ВибрационнъIх?РенIeт”，“Механизая?Излектрификация?Социалистического?Хозяйсва”1962.No.5)
J, people such as K, Park continue to study vertical shaft screen to the seventies and the eighties, the characteristics that kept up-down vibration, and in tube, set up a spiral to stir, this spiral screw feeder does not change, shaft screen is made up-down vibration again at the same time towards rotating along the direction that helicoid glides with material.Material feeds from the top, along the outer rim of helicoid under the frictional force effect of shaft screen face to lower slider.Practice shows that the separating power of unit are compass screen surface of this device is higher, but owing to shaft screen had not only been rotated but also has adopted as up-down vibration that mechanisms such as cam, roller, push rod are just very complicated, vibration force is very big.Prevent to stop up in order to clear up sieve aperture, outside barrel, must establish the hairbrush roller, also make mechanism's complexity, use inconvenience, cost up.In addition, material is from the top feeding, and the grain of cleaning system discharges from the bottom of device, carries and hoisting equipment so must establish grain, and all these make that the processing mechanism of emersion object is too complicated, fail to promote.(J.K.Park，“VerticalRo-tating?Screens?for?Separating?Seeds?from?Trashy?Materials，”“Transactiosof?the?ASAE?1974?P.606-610；N.R.Brandenburg，J.K.Park，”Experi-mental?Seed?Combine，“Transactions?of?the?ASAE”1982.P.598～606)
Domestic research such as Shi Xiaolun (the 2nd phase of nineteen eighty-three " agricultural mechanical journal ", " kinetic characteristic of particle on the cylinder compass screen surface and to vertical cylinder sieve Effect on Performance ") (as Fig. 1 of annex) vertical shaft screen of being adopted all does equidirectional rotation (but spiral screw feeder rotating speed is lower than shaft screen) with a tube inside spin screw feeder, material is also fed by the top, grain goes out the back from the shaft screen hole sizer is discharged by the grain-scraping plate (11) of bottom, materials such as short stem in tube along helicoid glide by below grass-removing wheel (10) discharge machine outside.In order to eliminate the light foreign material in the grain that sifts out, the periphery of shaft screen is made " " shape pipeline, form selection by winnowing chamber (12).Air-flow enters around screen drum from an end (8) and makes circular motion half, takes light foreign material out of and discharges (7) by the other end.The separative efficiency of this device is higher, but owing to will make shaft screen and spiral screw feeder still complicated with different speed rotating mechanisms simultaneously.Material feeds from the top, and discharge the bottom, also needs to establish elevator.In addition, the cleaning room of shaft screen periphery because air-flow will blow through the very thick cereal fluid layer that thickness is half girth of shaft screen, is cleaned poor effect.
The patent of invention that domestic another research is Ma Ji (the only open not authorization as yet of application number 901001716) " the outer air channel of vertical axial-flow threshing unit airstream cleaning device." bypass wherein with this paper have nothing to do part---the vertical axial-flow threshing unit is not talked; only with regard to its outer air channel airstream cleaning device; it has different significantly with air-flow selection by winnowing of the present invention: (1) its emersion object just is subjected to the suction of ascending air after dishing out from notch board, just be difficult to all be sucked away because the light foreign material of being cleaned will pass very thick material bed (being the height of vertical axial-flow threshing unit).And the present invention sheds open form with whole materials through the rotary blade radiation direction to become very thin material bed, and air-flow is near the upwards suction of direction perpendicular to it, has guaranteed the reliability of the effect of cleaning.(2) remainder of emersion object is thrown away by rotary blade, but it has not set up the conical surface that 45 ° of cone angles are arranged in its periphery as the present invention, the grain of laterally shedding out is struck on the conical surface and when bounce-back, obtain a downward initial velocity, thereby make grain be not easy to be taken away by air-flow, that is to say and availablely clean that clean rate is also just higher than the higher speed of used air-flow in the foregoing invention.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, propose a kind of with grain pluck take off after immediately cutting stem hug the harvesting method of slivering shop and grain pluck take off after immediately cutting stem hug the combine of slivering shop.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme.Its method is:
(1) crop takes off cylinder and plucks and take off pressing the standing grain device to be pressed under the forward-lean state by plucking, and emersion object is inhaled by inspiratory flow and transported into aspirating air pipe;
(2) pluck the stem stalk that took off and when still being in forward-lean state, take off the cylinder rear by being located to pluck, the subsides in running gear the place ahead the cutter sweep that slides cuts, the base portion of the cutting back cane rake-bar that is rotated immediately, be located at running gear the place ahead of upspringing is hugged integrated shop to the inboard of running gear, the latter about the centre of two running gears pass through;
(3) take off the cylinder rear plucking, below aspirating air pipe, be provided with collection box, to reclaim grain and the disconnected fringe that is rewinded the cylinder back lower place by cylinder;
(4) be provided with group finger boost motor in the aspirating air pipe stage casing, give long and short disconnected stem stalk, guarantee that the emersion object conveying is unimpeded with thrust;
(5) after emersion object was transported to the inertial separation case by the inspiratory flow suction, air-flow and light foreign material were done 180 ° of sharp turning, and atmosphere is gone in dispatch after pipeline enters suction fortune blower fan.Contain the more emersion object of long broken stipe
Thereunder flexible in the marker impeller dialled and referred to insert the straw layer and grasp straw that the grain in dropping to impeller blade and short cane etc. were with valve to enter the axial-flow type drum rethreshing device forcibly, discharge from the notch board of cylinder at these a large amount of grain and light foreign material, and the effect by fore blow inspiratory flow backward of being subjected to is outside the light foreign material aspiration machine, and disconnected stem stalk by drum shaft outside kickoff mechanism.
Of the present invention and grain is plucked take off after, cutting stem is hugged the combine of slivering shop immediately, has Thresher used before stalk cutting, inertial separator, emersion object treating apparatus, running gear; Thresher used before stalk cutting by press the standing grain device, pluck take off cylinder, inhale the fortune pipeline, dial the finger boost motor, admission line is formed; After plucking of Thresher used before stalk cutting taken off cylinder, be provided with cutting before the running gear and hug collecting mechanism, this cutting hug collecting mechanism and have cutter, be arranged on switched in opposite on the crank shaft of cutter cutter two pivoted arms, be fixed on the rake-bar of pivoted arm end.
The present invention compares with existing threshing prior to cutting reaping machine and has the following advantages:
(1) aforementioned BP (EP0423789A1 patent application) also is provided with the auger of carrying emersion object except plucking to take off the cylinder on plucking fringe threshing platform, and band conveyor is set, so make that to pluck the longitudinal length that takes off platform bigger, hug collecting mechanism with regard to the cutting that does not have enough spaces that straw is set in the place ahead of running gear.Will be far away excessively if be provided with by force then pluck the fringe threshing cylinder apart from running gear, have enough spaces to be beneficial to it partly to return to erectility so that from cylinder, extract the stem stalk be pressed into the lodging state after making the straw threshing out because must keep a segment distance between the afterbody of cutter sweep and above-mentioned threshing platform to guarantee cutting, if it is far away with extending through before the threshing platform for this reason, then certainly will will cause the longitudinal stability of machine poor excessively, ground has injustice slightly, plucks the excessive so that short fringe head of the part threshing of fringe threshing cylinder dipping and heaving not to the utmost.
The present invention is owing to the emersion object that adopts after pneumatic transportation is plucked the fringe threshing, just can take off the cylinder rear and save band conveyor and auger conveyor plucking, parts of cylinder are also taken off with regard to only plucking in the place ahead at the machine running gear, hug acquisition means plucking to take off between cylinder and the running gear with regard to there being enough spaces that cutting is set, the stem stalk that has guaranteed to extract out cylinder can resilience be bordering on to cut under the erectility and have just guaranteed low stubble cutting.Having had enough spaces just may be provided with to hug collecting mechanism will be in cutting stem in the crawler width hugs and collects central authorities and do not trampleed on by crawler belt.
Therefore the present invention and above-mentioned BP pluck take off platform EP0423789A1 compare with threshing prior to cutting rice harvesting machinery CN1010653B can sum up following some:
(1) requiring to gather in the crops the operation and the facility thereof that can save a results stem stalk under the condition of stem stalk.
(2) pluck the combine that takes off platform and will receive the straw that has taken off after the threshing then just be difficult to be collected when muddy (especially on ground) by the straw that crawler unit overwhelms if be equipped with, the loss of this part accounts for 30～40% of stem stalk total yield, and straw is good feed and worker's sideline production raw material.
(3) because cutter sweep of the present invention is to slide to cut with pasting, as long as it is improved the threshing prior to cutting operation that a liftoff segment distance can realize not cutting straw, stem stalk after the threshing under the standing state just can carry out without pulverizing the whole also field operation of stalk of direct ploughing, this with to pulverize earlier after traditional combine is received the stem stalk could ploughing also the field compare both to have saved and pulverize this link, facility and the energy consumption of pulverizing cane have been saved, the obstruction of stem stalk when having avoided ploughing again, reduced operating cost, this just helps promoting the also popularization of field technology of stem stalk.
(2), take off platform with plucking of Britain and compare and to reduce the shattering loss because the pneumatic transportation emersion object arranged.Especially when the machine speed of travel is low, less can not the plucking through sharp work Britain commonly used sometimes in the bigger and plot, China paddy field of BP loss taken off the platform loss and increased, and this point confirms in China.
(3) because the disconnected fringe in the emersion object of the present invention is to adopt the axial-flow type drum of low speed, big cylinder-concave clearance and the threshing concave plate of big sieve aperture to take off again, specifically take off unclean disconnected fringe again and can also send axial-flow type drum back to from the shaft screen inner tip, carry out circulating low intensive threshing repeatedly, thereby can realize keeping under the big productivity ratio threshing performance of whole-grain.
(4) with the horizontal screen ratio, vertical shaft screen productivity ratio height, volume is little, not vibration, its sorting performance is not subjected to the influence of ground line gradient, again owing to have and will not purify the ability that disconnected fringe returns former flow process automatically and just can economize surplus auger of impurity elimination and assorted surplus elevator, in addition just owing to can circulate automatically and take off again, thereby the loss that has grain to skid off from tail end like that on can the image plane sieve.
(5) just because of there is crimping on the sieve aperture limit, tube inner surface has prominent muscle, and it has suitable paddy and goes awns, goes the ability of obstructing.
(6) owing to adopt the plate dental roller to pluck the fringe threshing, pneumatic transportation and the emersion object treating apparatus of forming by axial-flow type drum, crossflow fan, shaft screen, compare with traditional full feed type combine, operating speed significantly improves, and remarkable reduction of percentage of broken grain and percent of loss and activity duration and fate are able to significant prolongation.
(7) compare with Japanese clamping semi-feeding type, operating speed and productivity ratio significantly improve, and mechanism is simple, and cost is lower.
The technological process of combine of the present invention and workpiece are that straw is pressed into the state that leans forward slightly earlier, take off cylinder 1 and carry out threshing by the plucking of triangular plate tooth 5 of being equipped with that rotates up motion, pluck the grain that takes off, a considerable amount of disconnected fringe and disconnected cauline leaf and throw to the back upper place under the arc cover that is in above the cylinder at the auxiliary cylinder that taken off by plucking of high speed rotating down of inhaling fortune stream, above-mentioned emersion object moves to along the arc cover in the aspirating air pipe 6 at rear of cylinder.Form a swirling eddy field around the cylinder owing to pluck to take off, the air-flow of the triangular section between the adjacent panels tooth will carry grain or disconnected fringe and throw away to the cylinder rear to cause and rewind shattering loss.Have on aspirating air pipe inlet lower limb and the roller plate tooth fixed head tooth of configuration that staggers, the latter can stop and above-mentionedly rewind grain and grain ear and be sucked away.And grain that carries before cylinder triangular plate tooth 5 flank of tooth and disconnected fringe will be thrown in the collection box 7 that is located at below the air intake duct road junction, and regularly collect.In the stage casing of aspirating air pipe 6, emersion object wherein mainly is that the long shoot stalk is subjected on the swing roller 9 one and extricates from stirring backward of finger, plays booster action, prevents to stop up the unimpeded conveying that guarantees emersion object.Inhaled by inspiratory flow in the pipeline and to transport the emersion object of stating and enter inertial separation case 40, air-flow is done 180 ° and is swashed and turn back outflow inertial separation case above the dividing plate and enter blower fan through pipeline in case, enter atmosphere then.Grain, after disconnected fringe and disconnected cauline leaf strike against the rear wall 17 of separator box, refer to 18 marker impeller 20 pressure discharge inertial separation casees 40 by having flexible dialling, enter the axial flow cylinder-type rethreshing device 24 that is arranged on the below, grain is isolated notch board 23 rapidly at this, disconnected fringe takes off again at this, these emersion objects light foreign material in the decline process are inhaled by the horizontal inspiratory flow that is produced by crossflow fan 22 and are transported outside the machine, all a small amount of disconnected fringe of grain and remnants and short cane push through flat spin pusher 26 and enter vertical spin pusher 29, by elevator in the drum sieve 46 that is in epimere, grain and light foreign material are separated under centrifugal action and drop on the impeller that the work of being located at the stage casing horizontally rotates through circulating line 45, material is thrown away straticulation by level under the effect of impeller blade 37, has an ascending air that light foreign material are inhaled fortune herein and inhales the light foreign material that transport from the inertial separation case and enter in the lump and inhale fortune blower fan 56 and send into atmosphere with above-mentioned through annular passage 44 and pipeline 15.And the disconnected fringe of the remnants that are not sized away and a spot of short stem are continued to push discharge blade 111 that the top rotated and discharge shaft screens and enter the former technological process that inertial separation case 40 imports machines once more through conduit 112, thereby can make the disconnected fringe that does not purify again be able to threshing repeatedly, until purifying.
The grain that has exhausted through annular airflow drops to the row's grain blade 32 that holds in the grain dish 31 by being fixed on below the spinning roller and is displaced in the grain sack.
Plucked and take off cylinder to pluck the stem stalk that took off be to be in the serious state that dumps forward because the restriction in space can not be by the elasticity of cane self, or be provided with to dial standing grain mechanism and make it return to erectility to cut again, and can only pluck the longitudinal size that takes off platform by shortening, make the stem stalk can partly return to upright but still be to cut under the forward-lean state, this just needs to adopt the cutter sweep that slide with pasting.The present invention adopts reciprocating type cutter sweep 53, be located at the place ahead of crawler unit, stem stalk after the cutting (for cutter) under action of inertia can automatically be crossed cutter and drop on the original place, hug collection to the inboard of crawler belt and merge into a bar shop and be in cane grass stick 122 of being rotatablely moved as rightabout respectively after cutting in two crawler widths with the above-mentioned stem stalk that falls within the original place, between two crawler belts, pass through, hug the stem stalk that collected and be the herringbone bar shop that taper meets in central authorities inwards.
Implement a kind of better mode of the present invention and see accompanying drawing 1, pluck to take off and fixing 8 rows on the cylinder 1 and have the tooth plate 3 of lance tooth, circular hole 4 is arranged at the root of adjacent two teeth.Plate tooth crown just inserts the straw that has been pressed into forward-lean state by the pressure standing grain device 2 in cylinder the place ahead when taking off cylinder and upwards rotating when plucking, and grain is plucked take off (stripping) and get off, and wherein contains a considerable amount of disconnected fringes, disconnected cauline leaf.The emersion object that is made of them relies on to be plucked the inspiratory flow that its own inertial power and centrifugal suction fortune blower fan 56 are produced when taking off and siphons away, and enters the suction fortune pipeline 6 that is laterally progressively shrinking.At pneumatic transportation with dial the finger boost motor and dial under 8 the effect of referring to and enter inertial separation case 40.Dial the finger boost motor by cylinder 9, single group refer to 8 and shell 11 forms, dial the height that refers to height and inhale the fortune pipeline and equate, about group finger spacing 40mm, and to rotate than low velocity.The base plate of inhaling fortune pipeline 6 is arranged on and plucks and takes off the tangent direction of cylinder tube face, and on base plate, fixing one in the import department of this pipeline and arranging motionless triangular plate tooth 5, root between the adjacent teeth is not provided with circular hole, it and the relative configuration (Fig. 2) of staggering of moving tooth plate on the cylinder, when this measure can be blocked by the cylinder high speed rotating plate tooth rim enclose institute's shape swirling eddy and entrained grain and the disconnected fringe of plate tooth itself, prevent that the latter from being taken out of machine and causing damage outward.Be provided with collection box 7 below taking off the cylinder rear and inhaling the fortune pipeline plucking, be in the grain and the disconnected fringe in plate tooth flank of tooth dead ahead so that do not blocked by the stationary plate tooth, got rid of into collection box by they self centrifugal force, land loss in order to avoid rewinded by the roller plate tooth, these measures can reduce the shattering loss significantly.
Emersion object by pneumatic transportation and the boosting that dial to refer to through admission line 13 enter inertial separation case 40 by the guiding of arc-shaped guide plate 42 with the emersion object injection on the rear wall 17 coated with the soft material that can alleviate grain damage of case, inhaling fortune stream then rises, since ascending air the section of process bigger, ascending air speed is fallen suddenly, and do 180 ° and swash and to turn into that outlet pipe 14 is unlikely to be carried out grain outside the machine, only be with broken stem to be discharged into atmosphere through blower fan 56 with light foreign material such as blades.In the back lower place of inertial separation case is marker impeller 20, and it is a closed cylinder, uniform 8 radial blades of tube face.Under the horizontal diameter of marker impeller, in the front and back of impeller circular arc shell 47 and 21 are arranged, surround impeller, cornerite separately is slightly larger than adjacent two interlobate entad angles, thus the air that guarantees the external world in discharge can not enter in the case.In the place ahead of marker impeller belt material conveyer 43 is arranged.It is made up of conveyer belt, drive roll 39, driven roll 48 and supporting plate 38, lacks the cross bar of spike-tooth 41 by equidistantly fixing band on the conveyer belt.Setting off a supporting plate 38 below the conveyer belt working edge, its both sides are fixed on the wall box, can prevent from like this that grain from entering in the conveyer belt to result in blockage.
In order to strengthen marker impeller, flexible dialling being set in the impeller cylinder referring to mechanism the seizing and dischargeable capacity of disconnected stem stalk.The flexible circumference that refers to 18 relative marker impellers of dialling stretches once in the process that marker impeller rotates a circle, the movement locus of its finger tip is the dotted line among Fig. 1, in the marker impeller cylindrical center one crank shaft 67 (Fig. 4) is arranged, it is bearing in 68 li of the sliding shaft sleeves of wall box at the right-hand member of direction as shown, it stretches out the handle 66 (Fig. 3) of fixing the crank shaft phase place on the outer spindle nose of casing, it is fixed on the body by arc 65, thereby crank shaft is motionless when machinery operation, and impeller 20 rotates, the disc of impeller right-hand member is to be bearing on the ball bearing 69, the latter is bearing in again on the crank throw spindle nose 67, the disc 76 of impeller left end is to be fixed on the axle of belt pulley 75 by jackscrew and key 38, belt pulley is by double-row bearing 74 supportings that are fixed on the wall box, the equidistant axle sleeve that is overlapping flexible group of finger 18 on crank shaft 70 with distributing, and the flexible wooden spheroid that refers at immersion oil of dialling passes for 71 li, spheroid is free to rotate 73 li of spherical shells, these spheroid bearings are distributed on the detachable cap 139, this detachable cap can be covered, and fixing by both sides bolt 140.
Valve by up and down two form, last valve 59 is by Xiao's axle 58 and rear wall hinge, can swing around Xiao's axle, following valve 21 is hinged by another Xiao's axle 61 with last valve and ties, the circumference that following valve is arc and marker impeller fits, it by about two holddown springs 63 and with Xiao's axle 62 location of following valve hinge, make down valve press to impeller all the time, when not having the broken stipe of a lot of length, following valve has only slight spring pressure that it is relied on the disc at impeller two ends, closes automatically in the inertial separation case that impeller do not allow air enter to be in negative pressure.As more long shoot bar by the time automatically valve is pushed to outside, thereby prevented the obstruction of impeller.Spring base 64 is fixed on the shell 60, and the latter and frame are fixed together.
The emersion object of discharging through marker impeller enters 24 pairs of disconnected fringes of axial-flow type drum along slide plate and takes off again, the long shoot bar is axially pushed to outside the machine, a large amount of grain and light foreign material and the notch board sieve aperture of scurrying out on a small quantity leak the disconnected fringe that takes off and together fall, and are subjected to by the inspiratory flow effect that is entered by shutter air inlet 30 that crossflow fan produces light foreign material such as a large amount of broken blades of grass being siphoned away outside the discharge machine in this process.And grain together falls into flat spin pusher 26 with a small amount of disconnected fringe and short stem of taking off of leaking.
Push the left end of the direction of machine travel by the flat spin pusher, two discharge blades 27 are arranged on axle, form round arc shell 25 above it and hold the material storehouse, the surplus and deficiency of material is changed over to the incidental obstruction in corner of vertical ascending motion to prevent material at this when feeding vertical helical pusher 29 to regulate by horizontal movement.Material just enters the vertical helical pusher thus, the vertical helical pusher that twin-feed spiral constitutes is supported by the scroll-up/down bearing, at its outer cylinder that is with, the lower semisection 28 of cylinder is a non-mesh, upper semisection 46 is that sieve aperture is arranged, grain is entered after sifting out by screen drum and the annular expansion chamber 45 that constitutes at its peripheral ground floor cylinder that is provided with drops to guiding endless belt 36, be directed to pulley concial disk 33 by the latter and make on the rotating vane 37 of one (Fig. 7), between it and vee-pulley wheel face angle α is arranged, about 45 °, it is towards the hypsokinesis of vee-pulley direction of rotation, vee-pulley lower surface welding some radial row's grain blades 32 (also being exactly Fig. 1), vee-pulley is supported in the groove of this belt wheel inner ring by three uniform ball bearings 49 (Fig. 1) that are fixed on the screen drum outer surface.The material that falls is outwards thrown away into the thin layer of a level by the spinning roller blade, the cone-apex angle that grain strikes the second cylinder lower end that is enclosed within first cylinder outside is on 90 ° of truncated cone 35, grain bounce-back vertical drop, and light foreign material are siphoned away by the rising inspiratory flow in the annular aspiration cleaning room 44 that constitutes between first and second cylinder.
Be cone at first and second cylinder top, constitute the annular air intake passage 16 of the conical surface between two cones, the latter is connected with pipeline 15 again, is inhaled the light foreign material of fortune and is transported aspirating air pipe outside blower fan discharge machine by suction.
The grain that was exhausted by inspiratory flow drops to and holds in the grain dish 31, is entered unloading mouth 34 by row's grain blade 32 of making one with vee-pulley and enters grain sack.
The vertical helical pusher is a twin-feed spiral, and it and the gap between upright should not be less than 7mm, and the sieve aperture of shaft screen can be (Fig. 5) or the circular hole of slotted hole.The axis of sieve aperture should be to inclination angle of direction of rotation deflection of spiral during as the usefulness slotted hole, when pitch equals the external diameter of spiral, the above-mentioned inclination angle of sieve aperture axis should be between 40 °～60 °, a limit in two long limits of microscler sieve aperture strikes out the crimping that changes to the tube turning in, the height that crimping exposes the inner surface of tube should not exceed (Fig. 6) about 1.5mm, also should stamp out the inclination strip muscle of projection inwards on the lower semisection barrel surface of non-mesh, the strip muscle can be consistent with above-mentioned sieve aperture inclination angle with the angle between the shaft screen axis.
Fig. 8 is for showing the top view of auger and shaft screen.The grain that is not sifted out, short cane, the disconnected fringe that do not purify and purified by auger push the top by two of the twin-feed spiral end radially 111 dispatch of Lysimachia sikokiana blade penetrate annular expansion chamber 45 and the air-breathing passage 44 of cleaning of annular enters the inertial separation case through conduit 112, incorporate former technological process into and carry out recycle.The Lysimachia sikokiana blade is welded on the tubular axis of auger.
53 of Fig. 1 is the reciprocating cutterbar that slides with pasting.The two ends of the finger beam 114 (Fig. 9) of cutter be welded with Xiao's axle 115 be hinged about two push rods 51, the rear end of push rod is enclosed within on the pillar 133 (Figure 13) on the longeron that is welded on the crawler unit bogie frame, on finger beam, fixing up and down two limiting plates 128 and 113, to place restrictions on the hunting range of finger beam around Xiao's axle 115, adjustment screw is arranged to regulate the size of hunting range on the upper limit plate, also can be transferred to and push rod is clamped between two limiting plates swing of elimination finger beam.Leading portion at push rod has the extension spring 54 and the pivoted arm 55 that rises and falls suspending it in midair with suspension rod, and the pulling force of spring is adjustable, makes cutter zero to approaching to the pressure regulation on ground, so that it automatically with face of land profiling, has guaranteed to have slided with pasting and hanged down stubble cutting.The front end of the guard 116 of cutter upwarps, and is convenient to cross soil block, realizes longitudinal copying.About fixing on the longeron of crawler unit bogie frame two to the curved baffle that protracts (Fig. 1 and Figure 13), above-mentioned push rod 51 is reclining them in the outside, has so just limited the lateral displacement of cutter.
114 of Figure 12 is the finger beam of cutter, this beam section is zigzag, guard 116 usefulness dormant bolts are fixed on the front wing of this beam (Fig. 9), fixedly the knife bar 118 of knife section 117 just abuts on the facade of finger beam, there have knife bar guide plate 132 (Figure 12) to carry out forwardly forwardly to be spacing, and it plays the pressuring blade device effect simultaneously.On knife bar, chute board 119 with rivet.The ball bearing 127 that drives on Xiao's axle 126 on 121 of the reciprocating crank shafts of cutter just moves in the end slipway of chute board, crank shaft is by two dish bearing supportings up and down, its bearing block 124 is fixed on the column 125 with ∩ shape section that welds together with finger beam by support, on crank shaft, fix radius and equaling two wide pivoted arms 123 of 1/2 crawler belt, rake-bar 122 is being fixed in the pivoted arm end, on the support in above-mentioned bearing block the place ahead, fixing grass guard 120, after being in straw root under the forward-lean state and being cut, because the straw support is not cut in its place ahead, its root rake-bar that is being rotated immediately of upspringing is hugged the inboard that collects crawler belt, has prevented that cutting straw is trampleed on by crawler belt.
The cutter crank shaft is had vee-pulley 12 (Fig. 1) by the top vertical shaft 58 drives by universal joint and square tube axle, the power of vertical shaft come in the transmission system of machine, vee-pulley makes the culm 102 of hugging of opposite side make backward rotation by the intersection transmission of V-belt 131 (Figure 10 and 11).
Implement of the present invention about plucking another better mode that the cutting of taking off back stem stalk hugs collecting mechanism before cutting as shown in Figure 14, above-mentioned cutting hug collecting mechanism 53 and 123 configurable in BP pluck take off platform 134EP0423789A1 after.Its technological process is as follows:
The pressure standing grain device 136 that takes off cylinder 135 the place aheads plucking of the tooth plate with 8 row's lance tooths is pressed into forward-lean state with straw, cylinder is plucked the swirling eddy that produces when the emersion object that takes off relies on inertia force and tooth plate to do gyration and is thrown in the auger 137 of back, the latter shifts emersion object to pull over to pass to after central authorities point to by flexible group on the auger onto and carries chain harrow 138, and the threshing cylinder that enters traditional combine thus takes off again, separates, cleans.Cutting of the present invention is hugged collecting mechanism and just can be hugged integrated shop and pass through from the central authorities of running gear plucking the straw cutting of taking off.
Claims (10)
- One kind with grain pluck take off after immediately cutting stem hug the harvesting method of slivering shop, the steps include:1) crop takes off cylinder and plucks and take off pressing the standing grain device to be pressed under the forward-lean state by plucking, and emersion object is inhaled by inspiratory flow and transported into aspirating air pipe;2) pluck the stem stalk that took off and when still being in forward-lean state, take off the cylinder rear by being located to pluck, the subsides in running gear the place ahead the cutter sweep that slides cuts, the base portion of the cutting back cane rake-bar that is rotated immediately, be located at running gear the place ahead of upspringing is hugged integrated shop to the inboard of running gear, the latter about the centre of two running gears pass through;3) take off the cylinder rear plucking, below aspirating air pipe, be provided with collection box, to reclaim grain and the disconnected fringe that is rewinded the cylinder back lower place by cylinder;4) be provided with group finger boost motor in the aspirating air pipe stage casing, give long and short disconnected stem stalk, guarantee that the emersion object conveying is unimpeded with thrust;5) after emersion object was transported to the inertial separation case by the inspiratory flow suction, air-flow and light foreign material were done 180 ° of sharp turning, and atmosphere is gone in dispatch after pipeline enters suction fortune blower fan.Contain the more emersion object of long broken stipeThereunder flexible in the marker impeller dialled and referred to insert the straw layer and grasp straw that the grain in dropping to impeller blade and short cane etc. were with valve to enter the axial-flow type drum rethreshing device forcibly, discharge from the notch board of cylinder at these a large amount of grain and light foreign material, and the effect by fore blow inspiratory flow backward of being subjected to is outside the light foreign material aspiration machine, and disconnected stem stalk by drum shaft outside kickoff mechanism.
- One kind with grain pluck take off after immediately cutting stem hug the combine of slivering shop, it has Thresher used before stalk cutting, inertial separator, emersion object treating apparatus, running gear, it is characterized in that:1) Thresher used before stalk cutting by press standing grain device (2), pluck take off cylinder (1), inhale fortune pipeline (6), dial finger boost motor (11), admission line (13) is formed;2) after plucking of Thresher used before stalk cutting taken off cylinder, be provided with cutting before the running gear and hug collecting mechanism, this cutting is hugged collecting mechanism and is had cutter (53), is arranged on the rake-bar (122) that the crank shaft (121) that drives the cutter cutter is gone up two pivoted arms (123) of switched in opposite, is fixed on the pivoted arm end.
- 3. combine according to claim 2 is characterized in that plucking and takes off cylinder (1) and be fixed with 8 tooth plates (3) of lining up lance tooth, at the root of adjacent two teeth circular hole (4) is arranged, and is pressing the standing grain device to have powerful suction fortune stream to pass through between the cylinder with plucking to take off.
- 4. according to claim 2 or 3 described combines, it is characterized in that dialling the finger boost motor and form by cylinder (9), group finger (8) and shell (11).
- 5. combine according to claim 4 is characterized in that dialling the height that refers to (8) and equates with the height of inhaling fortune pipeline (6), dials about the about 40mm of spacing between referring to.
- 6. combine according to claim 2, the base plate (10) that it is characterized in that inhaling fortune pipeline (6) are arranged on and pluck and take off the tangent direction of cylinder (1) tube face.
- 7. combine according to claim 6, the import department that it is characterized in that inhaling fortune pipeline (6) is fixed with the plate tooth (5) of the motionless lance tooth of a row on base plate, it and the relative configuration of staggering of tooth plate (3) on the cylinder.
- 8. according to claim 2 or 3 or 6 described combines, it is characterized in that inhaling fortune pipeline (6) below and be provided with collection box (7).
- 9. combine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that having marker impeller (20) at inertial separation case (40), this impeller is by two arcs (47 in front and back of cylinder with some radial blades and resistance shelves air intake, 21) form, the cornerite of arc is slightly larger than adjacent two interlobate entad angles; Be provided with flexible dialling in the impeller cylinder of marker impeller (20) and refer to mechanism, this mechanism is by a crank shaft (67) that is arranged in the impeller cylinder, be fixed on the handle (66) of crank throw axle head, equidistant flexible group spindle cover (72) that distributes and flexible dialling refer to (18) composition on crank shaft.
- 10. combine according to claim 9 is characterized in that described emersion object treating apparatus is made up of auger (29) and drum sieve (46), and porose on the drum sieve, its hole is slotted hole or circular hole, cylinder Lower Half (28) atresia; Be provided with ground floor cylinder looping expansion chamber (45) in the drum sieve periphery, outer periphery at the ground floor cylinder is equipped with second layer cylinder, looping aspiration cleaning room (44) between two-layer cylinder, the top of first and second cylinder is cone, constitute the annular air intake passage (16) of the conical surface between two cones, this passage is connected with pipeline (15); Its auger (29) is vertical twin-feed spiral, and the gap between it and the drum sieve is equal to or greater than 7mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96101636A CN1054257C (en) | 1996-01-20 | 1996-01-20 | Harvest method of cutting stem and raking in line after picking and pick harvester before cutting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96101636A CN1054257C (en) | 1996-01-20 | 1996-01-20 | Harvest method of cutting stem and raking in line after picking and pick harvester before cutting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1172576A CN1172576A (en) | 1998-02-11 |
| CN1054257C true CN1054257C (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96101636A Expired - Fee Related CN1054257C (en) | 1996-01-20 | 1996-01-20 | Harvest method of cutting stem and raking in line after picking and pick harvester before cutting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1054257C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785391B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2013-01-16 | 东北农业大学 | Plugging prevention mechanism of grain thresher raddle box type separation system |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1319430C (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2007-06-06 | 东北农业大学 | Harvesting method of threshed cutting stalk in central intensive windrow and longitudinal rake apparatus |
| CN101779550B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2012-05-30 | 东北农业大学 | Anti-blockage mechanism of threshed grain pipeline conveying system |
| CN104221620A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏大学 | Multi-tangential-flow combined rape threshing, separation and stalk crushing integral device |
| CN104855049B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽禾众农业科技有限公司 | Cutting conveying device |
| CN107027422A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-11 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type feeding breaks fringe and cuts stem device |
| CN108156938B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2022-04-05 | 李玉春 | Grain combine harvester |
| CN108633454B (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2020-07-28 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | Conveying device of hemp tip combined harvesting system |
| CN110583215B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2024-10-11 | 秦朝学 | Negative pressure suction type pre-cutting threshing harvester and harvesting method |
| CN111699840B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-03-04 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Corn stalk top-removing cutting and crushing integrated header and device |
| CN117136719B (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-01-05 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Green manure seed harvesting device |
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| SU1020046A2 (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-05-30 | Мелитопольский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Механизации Сельского Хозяйства | Combing device for thrashing standing plants |
| GB2169183A (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1986-07-09 | Serigstad As | Cutting unit for a forage-harvester |
| DE3606030A1 (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-08-28 | Mem Müszaki Intézet, Gödöllö | Process and apparatus for the effective harvesting of cereal crops by combine harvesters |
| CN1010653B (en) * | 1988-09-03 | 1990-12-05 | 东北农学院 | Threshing technique and cylinder threshing harvester before receping |
| EP0423789A1 (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1991-04-24 | Btg International Limited | Crop harvesting apparatus |
| EP0558437A1 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-01 | Jf-Fabriken - J. Freudendahl A/S | Mower for grass crops |
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- 1996-01-20 CN CN96101636A patent/CN1054257C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1020046A2 (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-05-30 | Мелитопольский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Механизации Сельского Хозяйства | Combing device for thrashing standing plants |
| GB2169183A (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1986-07-09 | Serigstad As | Cutting unit for a forage-harvester |
| DE3606030A1 (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-08-28 | Mem Müszaki Intézet, Gödöllö | Process and apparatus for the effective harvesting of cereal crops by combine harvesters |
| EP0423789A1 (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1991-04-24 | Btg International Limited | Crop harvesting apparatus |
| CN1010653B (en) * | 1988-09-03 | 1990-12-05 | 东北农学院 | Threshing technique and cylinder threshing harvester before receping |
| EP0558437A1 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-01 | Jf-Fabriken - J. Freudendahl A/S | Mower for grass crops |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785391B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2013-01-16 | 东北农业大学 | Plugging prevention mechanism of grain thresher raddle box type separation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1172576A (en) | 1998-02-11 |
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