CN105118303A

CN105118303A - Intelligent parking monitoring and management system and vehicle in-position detection method under parking mode

Info

Publication number: CN105118303A
Application number: CN201510424229.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁丽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-07-17
Filing date: 2015-07-17
Publication date: 2015-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-17
Also published as: WO2017012470A1; CN105118303B

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent parking monitoring and management system and a vehicle in-position detection method under a parking mode. The system comprises a vehicle detector, a wireless communication unit and a parking monitoring and management center, wherein the vehicle detector comprises an infrared detection module and a GMI detection module; the vehicle detector is used for carrying out comprehensive processing on a vehicle existence signal, which is detected by the infrared detection module, of a parking space and a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal, which is detected by the GMI detection module, of the parking space, generating vehicle information of the parking space, and sending the vehicle information of the parking space to the wireless communication unit; and the parking monitoring and management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space, and carrying out monitoring, management and charge management on the parking space information according to a processing result. The intelligent parking monitoring and management system and the vehicle in-position detection method under the parking mode are applicable to the technical field of vehicle detection.

Description

Intelligent parking monitoring management system and vehicle in-place detection method in parking mode

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle detection, in particular to an intelligent parking monitoring management system and a vehicle parking detection method in a parking mode.

Background

In recent years, with the increase of vehicles, parking positions in urban areas are increasingly tensed, and particularly, relatively frequent roadside parking spaces are used, so that the urban people can occupy the space at will, pay fees according to parking time after parking, or evasion and payment frequently occur due to the fact that managers cannot supervise the parking spaces, and therefore, the annual local financial income cannot be effectively guaranteed.

Therefore, each region traffic management department needs to deploy a large number of monitoring personnel for monitoring and charging, and although the phenomenon can be avoided to a certain extent, the traffic management departments are limited to the fact that the roadside parking spaces are scattered, the manpower monitoring force is limited, and the urban parking condition cannot be monitored comprehensively and all weather, so that the phenomenon of roadside parking fee evasion can still not be effectively solved.

Therefore, an intelligent parking charging management system is provided, and a toll collector can hold a smart phone to work on duty, and can realize the intellectualization of timing and charging through a vehicle detector and a computer terminal which are arranged in the middle of a parking space.

For a vehicle detector, in the prior art, vehicle parking information is detected by various sensors, and a common detection method is as follows:

(1) loop coil type vehicle detector (also known as ground sensor, mostly buried type detection system)

The loop coil type vehicle detector is a traditional traffic detector and is a detection device which is used in the largest amount in the world at present. When a vehicle passes through the annular coil buried under the road surface, the magnetic field of the annular coil is changed, and the annular coil type vehicle detector calculates traffic parameters such as the flow, the speed, the time occupancy rate and the length of the vehicle according to the traffic parameters and uploads the traffic parameters to the central control system so as to meet the requirements of the traffic control system. The method has the advantages of mature technology, easy mastering and lower cost.

However, this method also has the following disadvantages: a. the toroidal coil must be directly buried in the lane during installation or maintenance, so that traffic is temporarily hindered. b. The cutting seams embedded with the annular coils soften the road surface and easily damage the road surface, and particularly at signal-controlled intersections, the damage may be more serious when the vehicle is started or braked. c. The annular coil is easily influenced by natural environments such as freezing, subgrade sinking, salt and alkali and the like. d. Due to the limitation of the self-measuring principle of the annular coil, when traffic jam occurs and the distance between vehicles is less than 3m, the detection precision of the annular coil is greatly reduced, and even the annular coil cannot be detected.

(2) Wave frequency vehicle detector (mostly suspension type detecting system)

The wave frequency vehicle detector is a detector which generates induction to electromagnetic wave emitted by vehicles by microwave, ultrasonic wave, infrared ray and the like, and mainly introduces a microwave vehicle detector which is a traffic detector with low price and excellent performance and can be widely applied to traffic information detection of urban roads and expressways.

The microwave vehicle detector works in the following modes: the side-hung type microwave projector emits continuous low-power modulated microwaves in a fan-shaped area and leaves a long projection on a road surface. The microwave vehicle detector takes 2 meters as one "layer", and divides the projection into 32 layers. The user may define the detection area as one or more layers. The microwave vehicle detector measures and calculates the traffic information of the target according to the echo returned by the detected target, and sends the traffic information to the control center through RS-232 at intervals. The vehicle speed detection principle is as follows: the vehicle speed is calculated by sensing the time elapsed for the vehicles to enter and leave within the projected area, assuming a fixed vehicle length for all vehicle types in a particular area. One microwave vehicle detector is laterally hung and can simultaneously detect the traffic flow, road occupancy and vehicle speed of 8 lanes.

The measuring mode of the microwave vehicle detector is high in accuracy on roads with single vehicle types, stable traffic flows and even vehicle speed distribution, but the measuring precision is greatly influenced due to blocking on road sections with traffic flow congestion, more large vehicles and uneven vehicle type distribution. In addition, the microwave detector requires a space of 3m away from the nearest lane, and if 8 lanes are to be detected, a distance of 7-9m is also required away from the nearest lane, and the installation height is up to the requirement. Therefore, installation in bridges, overpasses, and highways is limited, installation is difficult, and costs are relatively high.

(3) Video vehicle detector

The video vehicle detector uses a video camera as a sensor, a virtual coil, namely a detection area, is arranged in a video range, and a background gray value is changed when a vehicle enters the detection area, so that the existence of the vehicle is known, and the flow and the speed of the vehicle are detected. The detector can be installed above and on the side of a lane, compared with the traditional traffic information acquisition technology, the traffic video detection technology can provide on-site video images, the detection coil can be moved according to the needs, and the traffic video detection device has the advantages of intuition, reliability, convenience in installation, debugging and maintenance, low price and the like, and has the defects that the traffic video detection device is easily influenced by environmental factors such as severe weather, light, shadow and the like, and dynamic shadow of an automobile can also bring interference.

The above-mentioned detectors all have different defects, so the current advanced solution is to adopt a detection device based on a magnetoresistive sensor, and to detect the vehicle by using the principle that when the vehicle enters the sensor measurement range, internal ferromagnetic substances such as a front-end engine and an axle affect the geomagnetic field to cause distortion and distortion, as shown in fig. 1, the prior art discloses a vehicle detection system based on a Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) magnetic sensor, and further includes an indoor and outdoor Light Emitting Diode (LED) guiding board, a plurality of vehicle detectors and other devices, and combines a zigBee (zigBee protocol) wireless communication technology with low cost, low power consumption and ad hoc network, to build a set of complex vehicle management and monitoring system, which is expensive in cost, complex in design, inconvenient in installation, and in view of the inherent characteristics of the GMR itself, the system has the natural defects of low sensitivity, large judgment error and large temperature drift.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing an intelligent parking monitoring management system and a vehicle in-place detection method in a parking mode, and solving the problems of high cost, complex installation, low sensitivity, large error and large temperature drift in the prior art.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent parking monitoring management system, and a vehicle detector and a parking monitoring management center used in the system, which specifically include:

an intelligent parking monitoring management system, comprising: the vehicle detector, wireless communication unit and the control management center of parking, the vehicle detector includes: the device comprises an infrared detection module and a GMI detection module; the method is characterized in that: the vehicle detector is used for generating vehicle information of the parking space after comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module and sending the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit; and the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit includes: a relay node and a sink node; the relay node is configured to receive vehicle information of a parking space sent by the vehicle detector, process the received vehicle information of the parking space, and send the processed vehicle information to a target device, where the target device includes: a sink node and a street lamp control cabinet; the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the relay node and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication technology; the wireless communication technology includes WIFI, a mobile communication network, and the like.

Preferably, the system further comprises: the system comprises a user terminal, a manager terminal and a big data service center; the parking monitoring management center carries out monitoring management on the parking space information and comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, monitoring the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal; the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, monitoring the service state of the vehicle detector, photographing the parking vehicle, uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, sharing information with the data of the traffic command control unit through image compression and photographing information image OCR acquisition software contained in the terminal, and charging a user of the parking vehicle according to the charge information sent by the parking monitoring management center; the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied or not; and the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to the GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling the vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit includes: at least 1 sink node and at least 1 relay node; the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function; each relay node is wirelessly connected with at least one vehicle detector, the relay nodes and the vehicle detectors connected with the relay nodes form a star network, the vehicle detectors send the detected vehicle information of the parking spaces to the at least one relay node, and the plurality of relay nodes form a network through wireless communication of different channels to transmit the vehicle information to the aggregation node; each parking lot is provided with 1 aggregation node, at least one relay node and at least one vehicle detector; the aggregation node is used for uploading the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center.

Preferably, the relay node includes: a wireless communication module or two wireless communication modules with different frequency bands.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit comprises at least one sink node, and a wireless communication network is formed by the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector, and the wireless communication network adopts a star topology structure; each aggregation node is connected with at least one vehicle detector, the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation nodes form a star network, different channels are adopted among the aggregation nodes to work simultaneously, and each parking lot is provided with at least one aggregation node and at least one vehicle detector; the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node to the parking monitoring management center.

Preferably, the vehicle detector is further configured to detect whether a parking signal of a parking space changes according to a preset frequency; transmitting data in a data transmission slot of the vehicle detector when the detected parking signal is changed; within a preset time, when the detected parking signal is unchanged, no data is transmitted in the data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector; and when the detected parking signal is unchanged within the preset time, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the vehicle detector works normally, and when the parking signal is detected to be changed, the vehicle detector stops sending the survival indication frame.

Preferably, after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an addition request to the relay node by the vehicle detector in a time slot of a frame of the relay node receiving the addition request; wherein the join request packet comprises: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out the aggregation node corresponding to the beacon which can be accessed and has the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the aggregation node by the vehicle detector in the time slot of the aggregation node receiving the adding request frame; wherein the join request packet comprises: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, the relay selection algorithm includes: monitoring all channels through a vehicle detector, monitoring beacon T time by each channel, and storing beacon frame information if a beacon frame is received within the T time until the last channel is monitored; searching a beacon with the best signal quality according to the stored beacon frame information, and judging whether the number of accessed vehicle detectors of the beacon reaches an upper limit or not; if the beacon reaches the upper limit, searching the beacon with the second best signal quality in the stored beacon frame information again, if a plurality of beacons with the same signal quality exist, comparing the number of the beacons with the same signal quality which have been accessed to the vehicle detectors, and selecting the beacon with the minimum number of the accessed vehicle detectors; if there are a plurality of beacons having the least number of accessed vehicle detectors, a beacon is randomly selected from the plurality of beacons.

Preferably, the vehicle detector, after the selected relay node transmits the join request to the relay node in its receive join request frame slot: when the relay node returns a join response, the vehicle detectors obtain network addresses distributed by the relay node, the distribution of the network addresses is sequentially distributed according to the number N of the connected vehicle detectors of the relay node from 1, and the relay node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector; the vehicle detector transmits data to the relay node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for transmitting data; the relay node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector; in each transmission period, the relay node not only allocates a TDMA time slot to each vehicle detector, but also reserves the TDMA time slots according to the preset number, and in the reserved TDMA time slots, the vehicle detectors transmit data according to a CSMA mode.

Preferably, after the vehicle detector sends a join request to the sink node in its selected sink node's time slot of the receive join request frame: when the sink node returns a join response, the vehicle detector obtains network addresses distributed by the sink node, the network addresses are distributed in sequence according to the number of connected vehicle detectors from 1 to the sink node, and the sink node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector; the vehicle detector sends data to the sink node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for sending data; the sink node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector; in each transmission period, the sink node not only allocates a TDMA time slot to each vehicle detector, but also reserves TDMA time slots according to a preset number, and in the reserved TDMA time slots, the vehicle detectors transmit data according to a CSMA mode.

Preferably, the GMI detection module includes: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit, wherein the excitation resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe; the excitation oscillator is used for exciting high-frequency alternating current for the magneto-dependent GMI probe; the magnetic resonance driving circuit is used for enabling the magneto-dependent GMI probe to generate magnetic resonance by using the high-frequency alternating current; the magneto-sensitive GMI probe is used for measuring a change signal of a magnetic field; and the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit is used for processing the measured change signal of the magnetic field and detecting the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space according to the processing result.

Preferably, the infrared detection module includes: the infrared transmitting circuit and the infrared receiving circuit; the infrared transmitting circuit is used for transmitting modulated infrared light waves with fixed frequency, and when the infrared light waves with fixed frequency are shielded by a vehicle, the infrared light waves are reflected back to the infrared receiving circuit; the infrared receiving circuit is used for receiving the reflected infrared light waves with fixed frequency and demodulating the infrared light waves into digital information, if the infrared light waves with the fixed frequency are received, a digital 0 is output, wherein the digital 0 indicates a vehicle signal, and if the infrared light waves with the fixed frequency are not received, a digital 1 is output, and the digital 1 indicates a vehicle signal; the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle;

preferably, the infrared detection module further comprises a safe anti-interference communication circuit, which is used for filtering non-coding clutter in the infrared light waves;

preferably, the fixed frequency is any one of fixed values of 30-60Khz, preferably 38Khz, 40Khz or 42 Khz.

Preferably, the vehicle detector further includes: a mercury switch; the mercury switch is used for controlling the working state of the power supply of the vehicle detector according to the placement state of the mercury switch; when the mercury switch is placed in the forward direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in an open state; when the mercury switch is placed in a reversed direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in an off state.

Preferably, the vehicle detector adopts a shell structure, and the shell structure comprises an infrared filter; preferably, the shell structure is made of non-magnetic pressure-resistant material or metal-free pressure-resistant material.

Preferably, the vehicle detector further includes: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting ambient environmental information; the vehicle detector is further configured to perform comprehensive processing on a vehicle presence/absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module, a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module, and information of the surrounding environment detected by the ultrasonic sensor to generate vehicle information of the parking space, and send the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit.

Preferably, the system further comprises: an electronic tag reader; the electronic tag reader is used for reading basic information of a vehicle and transmitting the basic information to the parking monitoring management center through the wireless communication unit, wherein the basic information comprises: car number, car type; the parking monitoring management center is also used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and the basic information of the vehicle read by the electronic tag card reader, and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result; and the electronic tag card reader can be read, written, charged and used for charging parking.

Preferably, the system realizes identity recognition of a vehicle equipped with a microwave electronic tag through the electronic tag card reader, wherein the microwave electronic tag is divided into an active tag and a passive tag, and the typical working frequency of the microwave electronic tag is as follows: 433.92MHz, 862(902) -928 MHz, 2.45GHz, 5.8 GHz; preferably, the passive microwave electronic tag is in the 902-928 MHz working frequency band.

Preferably, the vehicle detector adopts a double-magnetic module, and the double-magnetic module forms an orthogonal structure and respectively performs transverse magnetic anomaly detection and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection.

The invention also provides a vehicle detector, which comprises a GMI detection module, a ground magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal detection module and a ground magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal detection module, wherein the GMI detection module is used for detecting the vehicle disturbance ground magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space; the method is characterized in that: the GMI detection module comprises: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection conditioning circuit unit; the excitation resonant circuit unit is used for exciting a high-frequency alternating current to generate magnetic resonance and generating a change signal for measuring a magnetic field; and the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit is used for processing the measured change signal of the magnetic field and detecting the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space according to the processing result.

Preferably, the excited resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe; the excitation oscillator is used for exciting high-frequency alternating current for the magneto-dependent GMI probe; the magnetic resonance driving circuit is used for enabling the magneto-dependent GMI probe to generate magnetic resonance by using the high-frequency alternating current; the magneto-sensitive GMI probe is used for measuring a change signal of a magnetic field.

Preferably, the vehicle detector further includes: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting surrounding environment information of the ultrasonic sensor; the vehicle detector is further configured to perform comprehensive processing on a vehicle presence/absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module, a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module, and information of the surrounding environment detected by the ultrasonic sensor to generate vehicle information of the parking space.

Preferably, the vehicle detector adopts a shell structure, the shell structure comprises an infrared filter, and the shell structure adopts nonmagnetic compression-resistant material or metal-free compression-resistant material; or the vehicle detector adopts a double-magnetic module to form an orthogonal structure, and performs transverse magnetic anomaly detection and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection respectively.

Preferably, the vehicle detector further comprises an infrared detection module, and is characterized in that: the vehicle detector is used for comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module to generate vehicle information of the parking space.

Preferably, the infrared detection module includes: the infrared transmitting circuit and the infrared receiving circuit; the infrared transmitting circuit is used for transmitting modulated infrared light waves with fixed frequency, and when the infrared light waves with fixed frequency are shielded by a vehicle, the infrared light waves are reflected back to the infrared receiving circuit; the infrared receiving circuit is used for receiving the reflected infrared light waves with fixed frequency and demodulating the infrared light waves to obtain digital information.

Preferably, the infrared receiving circuit: if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency is received, outputting a digital 0, wherein the 0 represents a vehicle signal; if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency is not received, the output number 1, 1 represents the no-vehicle signal.

Preferably, the infrared receiving circuit: the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle; alternatively, the fixed frequency is any fixed value of 30-60Khz, preferably 38Khz, 40Khz or 42 Khz.

Preferably, the vehicle detector is disposed in the intelligent parking monitoring management system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

The present invention also provides a vehicle detector comprising: infrared detection module and GMI detection module, its characterized in that: the vehicle detector is used for comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module to generate vehicle information of the parking space; the GMI detection module comprises: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection conditioning circuit unit; wherein the excited resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe; the excitation oscillator is used for exciting high-frequency alternating current for the magneto-dependent GMI probe; the magnetic resonance driving circuit is used for enabling the magneto-dependent GMI probe to generate magnetic resonance by using the high-frequency alternating current; the magneto-sensitive GMI probe is used for measuring a change signal of a magnetic field; and the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit is used for processing the measured change signal of the magnetic field and detecting the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space according to the processing result.

Preferably, the infrared receiving circuit: if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency is received, outputting a digital 0, wherein the 0 represents a vehicle signal; if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency cannot be received, outputting a number 1, 1 to represent a no-vehicle signal;

preferably, the infrared receiving circuit: the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle; or,

Preferably, the vehicle detector further includes: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the ambient environment information; the vehicle detector is further configured to perform comprehensive processing on a vehicle presence/absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module, a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module, and information of the surrounding environment detected by the ultrasonic sensor to generate vehicle information of the parking space, and send the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit.

Preferably, the vehicle detector adopts a shell structure, the shell structure adopts a metal-free pressure-resistant material, and the shell structure is preferably an infrared filter; or the vehicle detector adopts a double-magnetic module to form an orthogonal structure, and performs transverse magnetic anomaly detection and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection respectively.

The present invention also provides a wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: the relay node and the sink node are characterized in that: the relay node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the vehicle detector, processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and sending the processed vehicle information to the target equipment, wherein the target equipment is a sink node; the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the repeater and transmitting the vehicle information to an external parking monitoring management center.

A wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: at least 1 relay node and 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function; the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; the method is characterized in that: each relay node is connected with at least one vehicle detector, the relay node and the vehicle detector connected with the relay node form a star network, the vehicle detector sends the detected vehicle information of the parking space to the at least one relay node, and a plurality of relay nodes form a mesh network through wireless communication modules with different frequency channels to transmit the vehicle information to a sink node; the aggregation node is used for uploading the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center; each parking area or parking lot deploys 1 aggregation node, at least 1 relay node and at least 1 vehicle detector.

Preferably, after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an addition request to the relay node in a time slot of a frame of the relay node receiving the addition request; wherein the join request packet comprises: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, after the vehicle detector transmits the join request to the relay node in the receive join request frame slot of the relay node selected by the vehicle detector: when the relay node returns a join response, the vehicle detectors obtain network addresses distributed by the relay node, the distribution of the network addresses is sequentially distributed according to the number of the connected vehicle detectors from 1 to the relay node, and the relay node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector; the vehicle detector transmits data to the relay node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for transmitting data; the relay node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector; in each transmission period, the relay node not only allocates a TDMA time slot to each vehicle detector, but also reserves the TDMA time slots according to the preset number, and in the reserved TDMA time slots, the vehicle detectors transmit data according to a CSMA mode.

The present invention also provides a wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: at least 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, and the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; the method is characterized in that: each aggregation node is connected with at least 1 vehicle detector, the aggregation nodes and the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation nodes form a star network, and different channels are adopted among the aggregation nodes to work simultaneously; the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node to an external parking monitoring management center; at least 1 sink node and at least 1 vehicle detector are deployed per parking area or parking lot.

Preferably, after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out the aggregation node corresponding to the beacon which can be accessed and has the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the aggregation node in the time slot of the aggregation node for receiving the adding request frame; wherein the join request packet comprises: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, the vehicle detector, after the time slot of the sink node selected by the vehicle detector for receiving the join request frame is transmitted by the sink node to the join request frame, is: when the sink node returns a join response, the vehicle detector obtains network addresses distributed by the sink node, the network addresses are distributed in sequence according to the number of connected vehicle detectors from 1 to the sink node, and the sink node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector; the vehicle detector sends data to the sink node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for sending data; the sink node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector;

in each transmission period, the sink node not only allocates a TDMA time slot to each vehicle detector, but also reserves TDMA time slots according to a preset number, and in the reserved TDMA time slots, the vehicle detectors transmit data according to a CSMA mode.

Preferably, the vehicle detector is further configured to detect whether a signal indicating whether a vehicle in the parking space is present or not changes according to a preset frequency; transmitting data in a data transmission slot of the vehicle detector when the detected parking signal is changed; within a preset time, when the detected parking signal is not changed, data is not transmitted in a data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector; when the detected parking signal is unchanged after the preset time is exceeded, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the vehicle detector works normally, and when the change of the parking signal is detected, the vehicle detector stops sending the survival indication frame.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit is disposed in the intelligent parking monitoring management system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

The invention also provides a parking monitoring management center used in the intelligent parking monitoring management system, which is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result, and is characterized in that: the parking monitoring management center carries out monitoring management on the parking space information and comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal.

Preferably, the intelligent parking monitoring management system further includes: a vehicle detector and a wireless communication unit, characterized in that: the vehicle detector includes: the device comprises an infrared detection module and a GMI detection module; the vehicle detector is used for generating vehicle information of the parking space after comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module and sending the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit; the wireless communication unit is used for receiving the vehicle information sent by the vehicle detector and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication technology; the wireless communication unit includes: a relay node and a sink node; the relay node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the vehicle detector, processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and sending the processed vehicle information to the target equipment, wherein the target equipment is a sink node; the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the repeater and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center.

The invention also provides a user terminal used in the intelligent parking monitoring management system, which is used for displaying at least one of the position information of the current vehicle stop, the navigation route information, the parking time timing information, the information whether the target parking space is vacant or not and the final GIS real-time position information of the parking space according to the GIS map provided by the big data service center; wherein, this user terminal still includes: a navigation module: the navigation function is used for inquiring the navigation route or navigating from the position of the user to the position where the current vehicle stops; a target parking space module: the system comprises a management system, a parking space reservation module and a parking space reservation module, wherein the parking space reservation module is used for realizing the reservation of a target parking space by a user and sending the reservation information to other user terminals in the management system; parking time timing module: the system is used for realizing the statistical timing of the vehicle stopping time of the current parking space; a vacancy information display module: the vacancy information is used for displaying the current parking lot, the parking lot within a preset distance from the current position or the target parking lot; GIS real-time position information display module: and the intelligent parking monitoring management system is used for receiving and displaying the final real-time position information of the parking space GIS of the current user pushed by the intelligent parking monitoring management system in real time.

Preferably, the user terminal further includes: the push information display module: the push information is used for receiving information sent to the user terminal by an external server or terminal, and the push information comprises: LBS information based on the current location of the user terminal.

Preferably, the user terminal further includes: the information interaction module: the parking monitoring and management center is used for receiving information sent to the user terminal by other user terminals in the parking monitoring and management center, receiving input of a user, and sending the input information to other user terminals, so that information interaction between different user terminals in the parking monitoring and management center is realized.

Preferably, the intelligent parking monitoring and managing system further includes: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a manager terminal and a big data service center; the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to a processing result: the monitoring and management of the parking space information comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal; the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, photographing the parking vehicle and uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, and is also used for charging the user of the parking vehicle according to the charge information sent by the parking monitoring management center; the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied or not; and the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to the GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling the vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space.

The invention also provides a manager terminal used in the intelligent parking monitoring management system, which also comprises: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a user terminal and a big data service center; the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to a processing result: the monitoring and management of the parking space information comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal; the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied or not;

the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to a GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling a vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space; the method is characterized in that: the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, photographing the parking vehicle and uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, and is also used for charging the user of the parking vehicle according to the tariff information sent by the parking monitoring management center.

The invention also provides a big data service center used in the intelligent parking monitoring management system, which is characterized in that: this intelligent parking control management system still includes: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a user terminal and a manager terminal; the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to a processing result: the monitoring and management of the parking space information comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal; the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, photographing the parking vehicle and uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, and is also used for charging the user of the parking vehicle according to the charge information sent by the parking monitoring management center; the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to a GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling a vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space; the method is characterized in that: the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied.

The invention also provides an intelligent parking monitoring management method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises a vehicle detection step, a wireless communication step and a parking monitoring management step, and is characterized in that: a vehicle detection step: the vehicle detector detects whether a vehicle in a parking space has a signal through the infrared detection module and/or detects a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space through the GMI detection module, and vehicle information of the parking space is generated after comprehensive processing; wireless communication step: the vehicle information of the parking space is sent to a parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication unit; parking monitoring and managing: and the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result.

Preferably, the vehicle detecting step further includes: detecting whether a vehicle parking signal of a parking space changes according to a preset frequency; transmitting data in a data transmission slot of the vehicle detector when the detected parking signal is changed; within a preset time, when the detected parking signal is not changed, data is not transmitted in a data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector; when the detected parking signal is unchanged after the preset time is exceeded, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the vehicle detector works normally, and when the change of the parking signal is detected, the vehicle detector stops sending the survival indication frame.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit includes: at least 1 relay node and 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function; the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; each relay node is connected with at least one vehicle detector, the relay node and the vehicle detector connected with the relay node form a star network, the vehicle detector sends the detected vehicle information of the parking space to the at least one relay node, and a plurality of relay nodes form a mesh network through wireless communication modules with different frequency channels to transmit the vehicle information to a sink node; the aggregation node is used for uploading the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center; the vehicle detecting step further includes: after monitoring all channels, finding out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sending an adding request to the relay node in a time slot of a receiving adding request frame of the relay node; the join request packet includes: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, the wireless communication unit comprises at least 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, and the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; each aggregation node is connected with at least 1 vehicle detector, the aggregation nodes and the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation nodes form a star network, and different channels are adopted among the aggregation nodes to work simultaneously; the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node to an external parking monitoring management center; the vehicle detecting step further includes: after monitoring all channels, finding out a sink node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sending a join request to the sink node in a time slot of a join request frame received by the sink node; the join request packet includes: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

Preferably, the relay selection algorithm includes: monitoring all channels, wherein each channel monitors beacon time T, and if a beacon frame is received in the time T, the beacon frame information is stored until the last channel is monitored; searching a beacon with the best signal quality according to the stored beacon frame information, and judging whether the number of accessed vehicle detectors of the beacon reaches an upper limit or not; if the beacon reaches the upper limit, searching the beacon with the second best signal quality in the stored beacon frame information again, if a plurality of beacons with the same signal quality exist, comparing the number of the beacons with the same signal quality which have been accessed to the vehicle detectors, and selecting the beacon with the minimum number of the accessed vehicle detectors; if there are a plurality of beacons having the least number of accessed vehicle detectors, a beacon is randomly selected from the plurality of beacons.

The invention also provides a vehicle parking detection method for the parking space, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the vehicle detector monitors the current magnetic signal state of the parking space in real time: if the magnetic signal is not detected, recording the environmental magnetic field at the previous moment, starting a timer after the magnetic signal is detected, and continuously detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal for identifying the motion of the vehicle; when the timer reaches preset time, if the detected infrared light signal is effective and the difference between the detected magnetic signal and the recorded environmental magnetic field is smaller than a preset threshold value, judging that the vehicle is parked in the position, otherwise, giving an alarm; determining, by the vehicle detector, a state of a parking space, the state of the parking space including: the parking space is free or occupied; preferably, the magnetic signal monitoring method adopts a magnetic field change slope monitoring method.

Preferably, the continuously detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal for recognizing the motion of the vehicle includes: forward and backward movement of the vehicle is identified by continuously detecting a forward magnetic anomaly signal, a reverse magnetic anomaly signal and an infrared light signal; and/or determining whether the vehicle in the parking space moves or not by detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal, and if the vehicle moves and the detected light signal is invalid, determining that the vehicle leaves the parking space.

Preferably, the determining the state of the parking space includes: judging whether the detected magnetic signal is effective or not, and if the magnetic signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied; if the magnetic signal is invalid, detecting the optical signal and judging whether the detected optical signal is valid, if the optical signal is valid, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the infrared optical signal is invalid, judging that the parking space is free.

Preferably, the determining the state of the parking space includes: judging whether the detected infrared light signal is effective or not, and if the detected infrared light signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied; and if the optical signal is invalid, detecting the magnetic signal and judging whether the detected magnetic signal is valid, if the magnetic signal is valid, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the magnetic signal is invalid, judging that the parking space is free.

Preferably, the determining the state of the parking space includes: judging whether the detected magnetic signal is effective or not, and if the magnetic signal is ineffective, judging that the parking space is idle; if the magnetic signal is effective, detecting the optical signal and judging whether the detected optical signal is effective, if the optical signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the optical signal is ineffective, judging that the parking space is free.

The invention also provides a system for acquiring the total number of the free parking spaces in the parking lot, which can accurately calculate the number of the free parking spaces in the parking lot without being connected with a monitoring system of the parking lot, and comprises 1 entrance vehicle detector, 1 exit vehicle detector and 1 aggregation node; the method is characterized in that: the entrance vehicle detector is arranged at the entrance position of the parking lot and used for counting the number of the entering vehicles; the exit vehicle detector is arranged at an exit position of the parking lot and used for counting the number of the vehicles leaving the parking lot; the convergent node is communicated with the vehicle detector to obtain counting values of entering vehicles and leaving vehicles, and the total number of parking spaces of the current parking lot, the number of entering vehicles and the number of leaving vehicles are combined to calculate to obtain the number of free parking spaces of the parking lot.

Preferably, the entry vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; the exit vehicle detector counting the number of vehicles exiting by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; the aggregation node calculates the number of the idle parking spaces in the parking lot, and transmits the number to an external parking monitoring management center, a user terminal, a manager terminal or a big data service center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies.

Preferably, when the entrance vehicle detector and the exit vehicle detector are used for judging vehicle counting, a vehicle passing information is determined through a forward and reverse change mode of the magnetic anomaly sensor, auxiliary judgment is performed by combining an infrared sensor, and the vacant parking space statistics is realized through monitoring counting of the entrance vehicle detector and monitoring counting of the exit vehicle detector under the condition that the number of vacant parking spaces in a parking lot at a certain time is obtained.

The invention also provides a method for acquiring the total number of the free parking spaces in the parking lot, which is realized by the system, and the method comprises the following steps: entering a vehicle counting step: counting incoming vehicles by an incoming vehicle detector provided at an incoming position of the parking lot; and a vehicle leaving counting step: counting the number of vehicles leaving by an exit vehicle detector provided at an exit position of the parking lot; and (3) counting the number of the vacant parking spaces in the parking lot: the convergence node is communicated with the vehicle detector to obtain counting numerical values of entering vehicles and leaving vehicles, and the total number of the parking spaces of the current parking lot, the number of the entering vehicles and the number of the leaving vehicles are combined to calculate to obtain the number of the free parking spaces of the parking lot.

Preferably, in the entering vehicle counting step: the entrance vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; in the leaving vehicle counting step: the exit vehicle detector counting the number of vehicles exiting by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; the aggregation node calculates the number of the idle parking spaces in the parking lot, and transmits the number to an external parking monitoring management center, a user terminal, a manager terminal or a big data service center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies.

The invention also provides a vehicle vacancy detection method based on the manager terminal, wherein the manager terminal and the parking monitoring background management center perform information interaction, and the method comprises the following steps: after a vehicle arrives, a parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle arrival information to a manager terminal, the terminal shoots the arriving vehicle and a license plate and identifies the number of the license plate after obtaining the vehicle arrival information, the license plate information and the shot picture are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center together, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the shot picture, the current parking time of the vehicle is obtained, the total time of the vehicle stopping in a parking lot is timed, and the number of vacant spaces in the current parking lot is updated; when a vehicle leaves, the parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle leaving information to a manager terminal, after the terminal obtains the vehicle leaving information, the manager terminal takes a picture of the vehicle again and identifies the number of the license plate, the license plate information and the picture taken are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center together, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the picture taken to obtain the leaving time of the vehicle, updates the number of vacant spaces in the current parking lot, calculates the parking cost of the vehicle, and then sends the information to the manager terminal, and the manager terminal obtains the total parking duration and parking cost of the vehicle and charges the vehicle for parking.

Preferably, the license plate number recognition process can be realized by a parking monitoring background management center: and after the manager terminal takes a picture of the arriving vehicle and the license plate and uploads the picture to the parking monitoring background management center, the parking monitoring background management center stores the picture and identifies the license plate picture to obtain the license plate number.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the above scheme, the vehicle detector comprehensively processes the vehicle presence or absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module to generate the vehicle information of the parking space and send the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit, the parking monitoring management center processes the received vehicle information of the parking space, and monitors, manages and charges the parking space information according to the processing result. Therefore, the GMI detection module and the infrared detection module are used for determining the vehicle information of the parking space, the anti-interference capability is strong, the sensitivity is high, the resolution is high, the temperature drift is avoided, the detection accuracy can be improved, and the GMI detection module is simple in process and circuit structure and low in cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art intelligent parking management system;

fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an intelligent parking management system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a structural view of a vehicle detector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an infrared detection module provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an infrared light wave emission principle provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an infrared light wave receiving principle provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a GMI detection module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a structural diagram of an excited resonant circuit unit of a GMI detection module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a magnetic anomaly detection conditioning circuit unit of a GMI detection module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a repeater provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of a housing of a vehicle detector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a front view of a vehicle detector provided in embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle detector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a further structural diagram of an intelligent parking monitoring and managing system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a topology structure diagram of a wireless communication network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a diagram of another topology structure of a wireless communication network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a flowchart of a method for operating a wireless communication network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a flowchart of joining a vehicle detector to a network according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a flowchart of a relay selection algorithm provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a flowchart illustrating a resource allocation method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a schematic view of a low power consumption detection process provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a structural diagram of a parking monitoring management center according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 23 is an interaction flowchart of a manager terminal and a parking monitoring management center according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart of the work of the manager according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a flowchart of interaction between a user terminal and a big data center according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 26 is a structural diagram of an intelligent parking space management system based on GMI detection and ultrasonic sensor provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 27 is a structural diagram of an intelligent parking space management system based on GMI detection and an electronic tag card reader according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 28 is a method for determining a parking space state by a vehicle detector according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

fig. 29 is a schematic view of a working process of parking a vehicle from a side in a parking position according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 30 is a vehicle parking detection method in the parking mode according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of a system for acquiring the total number of free parking spaces in a parking lot according to embodiment 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 32 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a vacant space in a vehicle based on a manager terminal according to embodiment 8 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication unit includes: a relay node level sink node; referring to fig. 2, an intelligent parking monitoring and managing system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the parking monitoring system comprises a vehicle detector, a relay node, a sink node and a parking monitoring management center, wherein the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space and sending the detected information to the sink node through the relay node; the relay node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the vehicle detector and transmitting the information to the sink node; the aggregation node is used for transmitting the vehicle information of the parking space received by the relay node to a parking monitoring management center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies; the parking monitoring management center is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the switch, processing the vehicle information of the parking space, and monitoring, managing and charging the parking space information according to the processing result

Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle detector includes: the system comprises an infrared detection module, a giant magneto-impedance (GMI) detection module, a Microprocessor (MCU), a wireless transmission module and a wireless RFID card reader module; the infrared detection module is used for detecting whether a vehicle in a parking space has a signal or not; the GMI detection module is used for detecting vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic abnormal signals of a parking space, the MCU microprocessor is used for carrying out analog-to-digital (A/D) acquisition and signal processing analysis operation on detected vehicle existence signals of the parking space and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic abnormal signals of the parking space, generating vehicle information of the parking space after comprehensive identification, and then transmitting the vehicle information of the parking space through the wireless transmission module, and the wireless RFID card reader module is used for reading the vehicle information carried by a vehicle RFID card.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the infrared detection module includes an infrared transmitting circuit and an infrared receiving circuit; the infrared transmitting circuit is used for transmitting modulated infrared light waves with fixed frequency, the infrared light waves are reflected to the infrared receiving circuit after being shielded by a vehicle, the infrared receiving circuit is used for receiving the reflected infrared light waves with fixed frequency and demodulating signals of the infrared light waves to obtain digital information, if the infrared light waves with fixed frequency are received, a number 0 is output, 0 represents a vehicle signal, and if the infrared light waves with fixed frequency cannot be received, a number 1, 1 represents a vehicle-free signal; the infrared receiving circuit also simultaneously receives the number of codes which are continuous in unit time, and the codes are used for measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground so as to identify the basic type of the vehicle.

Referring to fig. 5, the infrared transmitting circuit includes: square wave generator, modulation encoder, drive circuit. The infrared emission circuit comprises the following specific processes:

the modulated 30-60Khz square wave is emitted through a 940nm infrared tube to provide a modulated fixed frequency infrared light wave for detecting the vehicle, and the fixed frequency is preferably 38Khz to prevent the fixed frequency infrared light wave from being interfered by other light waves.

Referring to fig. 6, the infrared receiving circuit includes: the circuit comprises a reflected signal input stage, an initial amplifier, a band-pass filter, a limiting automatic gain controller, a comparator, a Schmitt trigger and a NOT gate drive output.

Referring to fig. 7, a GMI detection module is shown, the GMI detection module comprising: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit. The principle of the sensor is a GMI magnetic sensor with GMI effect, and the magnetic sensor finds the movement of a ferromagnetic object by measuring the change of the peripheral earth magnetic field. When a ferromagnetic object appears near the GMI magnetic sensor, the GMI magnetic sensor can sense the slight change and determine whether the ferromagnetic object appears nearby or not through a certain judgment criterion, so that the surrounding earth magnetic lines of force are bent and the density of the surrounding earth magnetic lines of force is changed. When no vehicle is in use, the earth magnetic field is 5.5 ten thousand nano tesla (nT) (about 38 north latitude in Beijing area); when the vehicle is in motion, the geomagnetic field is disturbed and then is no longer 5.5 ten thousand nT, and the magnetic anomaly phenomenon occurs at the moment.

Referring to fig. 8, the excited resonant circuit unit includes: the excitation oscillator, magnetic resonance drive circuit and magnetism sensing GMI probe, wherein, magnetism sensing GMI probe includes: the magnetic sensing sub-nanometer metal glass fiber (also called amorphous wire) used as the magnetic sensing core, the magnetic detection coil and the magnetic compensation coil. The excitation oscillator and the magnetic resonance driving circuit apply high-frequency alternating current to the magnetic induction core (amorphous wire), the impedance of the high-frequency current flowing through the magnetic induction core (amorphous wire) is changed under the influence of a magnetic field, a magnetic detection coil wound on the magnetic induction core detects a change signal of the magnetic field, and the change signal is output after passing through the magnetic anomaly detection circuit and the detection amplifying circuit. The GMI magnetic sensor has the characteristics of high sensitivity, quick response, no magnetic hysteresis and the like. The excitation oscillator is used for exciting high-frequency alternating current for the magnetic sensing GMI probe, and the high-frequency alternating current enables the magnetic sensing GMI probe to generate magnetic resonance through the magnetic resonance driving circuit, so that the magnetic field detection sensitivity is improved.

Referring to fig. 9, the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit includes: the magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic compensation circuit, a temperature compensation circuit, a magnetic anomaly detection circuit, a detection amplification circuit and a management control circuit. And the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit is used for processing the measured change signal of the magnetic field and detecting the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space according to the processing result. When the magnetic detection coil detects the change signal of the magnetic field, the signal is sent to the detection amplifying circuit for amplification, and then part of the signal is used for performing geomagnetic compensation on the magnetic compensation coil through the magnetic compensation circuit. When the GMI detection module is affected by the ambient temperature, the GMI detection module carries out automatic compensation through the temperature compensation circuit, and the management control circuit carries out power supply management on the whole GMI detection module so as to reduce the power consumption of the GMI detection module.

In the embodiment of the invention, compared with a GMI magnetic sensor adopting GMI effect, the GMI magnetic sensor has the following advantages:

1. strong anti-interference ability, high sensitivity, high resolution and accurate detection

The maximum resolving power of the GMR magnetic sensor can reach 7.5nT (7500PT), the response speed is 1s-15s, and the sensitivity is high; the system can accurately detect the vehicle information of the parking space, has high response speed, can realize nanosecond-level rapid detection, has strong anti-interference capability, and can realize a microvolt-level detection threshold; the resolution of the GMI magnetic sensor can reach 0.001nT (1PT) at most, and the response speed is 100 ns; the resolution of the preferred GMI magnetic sensor can reach (10 PT).

2. Simple process

GMI magnetic sensors are manufactured by simple and reliable water spinning and drawing wires, and GMR magnetic sensors are manufactured by a membrane technology and are relatively complex.

3. Simple circuit structure

GMI magnetic sensor adopts alternating current excitation, and its sensitivity is high and need not promote voltage and realize, can low-voltage power supply, for example: 1.85V, simple circuit structure, low cost, low power consumption, small volume and convenient rapid industrial use; the GMR magnetic sensor is excited by direct current, the sensitivity of the GMR magnetic sensor is realized by boost voltage, the boost voltage is required to be more than +/-12V, a circuit for boosting the voltage is required when the power supply voltage is 5V, and the circuit structure is complex.

4. Without temperature drift

The GMI magnetic sensor detects a changing magnetic field by detecting the change of alternating current impedance, detects multiple directions and has no temperature drift; the GMR magnetic sensor detects a variable magnetic field by detecting the change of direct current resistance, and when the magnetization directions are the same, the resistance has large variation under a very weak external magnetic field and is unidirectional, so that the temperature drift of the detected resistance is large.

5. Small construction amount and volume

Compared with the annular coil type vehicle detector, the GMI magnetic sensor has the advantages of no influence on traffic during construction, small construction amount, small size, low maintenance cost, low investment cost and low power consumption.

Referring to fig. 10, the relay node includes: the wireless communication system comprises a data processor MCU, a wireless transceiver unit 1, a wireless transceiver unit 2, a 485 communication interface, a serial communication interface, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) communication interface, a TTL output circuit and a power supply conversion module; the relay node is configured to receive vehicle information of a parking space sent by a vehicle detector and forward the vehicle information to a target device, where the target device includes: a sink node or an equipment control cabinet, etc. The vehicle information of the parking space sent by the vehicle detector is received through the relay node wireless transceiving unit 1, the vehicle information of the parking space is converted into the wireless transceiving unit 2, the 485 communication interface, the serial communication interface, the GPRS communication interface and the TTL output circuit through the data processor MCU, and the converted vehicle information is sent to a receiver, a red road lamp control cabinet or a mobile communication network.

Referring to fig. 11, the vehicle detector has a housing structure capable of preventing water and moisture and an optical path, and uses a metal-free pressure-resistant material capable of preventing the vehicle detector from moving, thereby protecting the vehicle detector.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the housing of the vehicle detector includes: the device comprises a battery, a waterproof rubber ring, a light focus, an infrared filter and a communication antenna, wherein the light focus is used for improving the energy of light, and the infrared filter is used for preventing other spectrum interference and reducing false alarm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle detector further includes: and the mercury switch is used for controlling the working state of the power supply of the vehicle detector through the placement state of the mercury switch. When the mercury switch is placed in the forward direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in an open state; conversely, when the mercury switch is placed in the reverse direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in the off state.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 14, embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an intelligent parking monitoring management system, including: the system comprises a vehicle detector, a wireless communication unit, a parking monitoring management center, a big data service center, a manager terminal and a user terminal. The vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space and sending the vehicle information of the detected parking space to the parking monitoring management center through the wireless communication unit; the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result; the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center and counting and issuing the parking space information; the management personnel terminal is used for checking, inputting and charging the parking space information and the vehicle information by the management personnel in the parking lot; and the user terminal is used for inquiring the parking position, navigating and paying.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication unit includes: the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and is shown in fig. 15, wherein the relay node is a sink node without a GPRS/3G/4G function. In fig. 15, each relay node is connected to at least one vehicle detector, the relay node and the vehicle detector connected to the relay node form a star network, the vehicle detector sends the vehicle information of the detected parking space to the relay node, and the relay nodes transmit the vehicle information to the sink node through a mesh network formed by wireless communication modules with different frequency channels. And the aggregation node uploads the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center, and the parking monitoring management center stores and processes the vehicle information. Different frequency channels are adopted between the star networks formed by the relay nodes and the vehicle detectors, and communication can be carried out simultaneously, so that a large-scale network with more than thousands of points can be formed. And a second wireless communication module different from the vehicle detector is adopted between the relay nodes and works in different frequency channels, so that mutual interference between communication between the relay nodes and communication of the vehicle detector can be avoided. One parking lot is provided with 1 aggregation node, a plurality of relay nodes and a plurality of vehicle detectors.

In this embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the relay node in embodiment 1 may be used as the relay node in embodiment 2.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the wireless communication unit includes at least one aggregation node, the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a star topology structure, as shown in fig. 16, wherein each aggregation node is connected to at least one vehicle detector, the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node form a star network, different frequency channels are adopted between each aggregation node to work simultaneously, and each parking lot is provided with at least one aggregation node and at least one vehicle detector; the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation node to the parking monitoring management center. The network formed by each aggregation node adopts different channels to work simultaneously.

For both topologies shown in fig. 15 and fig. 16, a multi-channel communication partitioning mechanism is employed. For a large-scale network, if Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is adopted, there will be interference between nodes; if TDMA is used, the delay is large. In the embodiment of the invention, the vehicle detector managed by each relay node or aggregation node is divided into a logic unit, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communication is adopted in the logic unit, the network scale is small, and the time delay is small; different frequency channels are adopted for communication among the relay nodes, so that the vehicle detectors in different logic units can simultaneously send data to the relay nodes or the sink nodes to which the vehicle detectors belong without interference, and the network scale is enlarged.

Fig. 17 is a communication system function of a vehicle detector and a relay node in fig. 15 or a vehicle detector and a sink node in fig. 16 in a wireless communication network, including: network joining, resource allocation and low power consumption monitoring. The joining network can enable the vehicle detector to automatically join the wireless communication network after being electrified, the resource allocation can realize the division of the communication time slot of the vehicle detector, and the low-power monitoring and network communication maintenance functions of the vehicle information in the parking space can be realized through the low-power monitoring.

Referring to fig. 18, a flow chart of joining a network is shown, after the relay node/sink node works, a beacon frame is periodically broadcast for the vehicle detector to enter the network and synchronize, and the content of the beacon frame includes: network number, network time, the number of connected vehicle detectors of the relay node/sink node, and the time slot for receiving the join request frame. After the vehicle detector is powered on, monitoring beacon frames in all channels, and recording parameters of all received beacon frames: network number, time, signal quality, received signal time, number of connected nodes, etc. After monitoring all channels, the vehicle detector finds out the most suitable relay node/sink node through a relay selection algorithm, and sends a join request to the relay node/sink node in the time slot of the relay node/sink node for receiving the join request frame.

The join request packet carries the physical address of the vehicle detector. And the relay node/the sink node determines whether to allow the vehicle detector to join, and returns a joining response, if the returned joining response is allowed, the vehicle detector obtains the network address allocated by the relay node/the sink node, and the joining process is completed. The relay/sink node needs to store and maintain the physical and network addresses of each vehicle detector.

Referring to fig. 19, after the vehicle detector is powered on, it listens to the beacon T time at the initial channel and then switches to the next channel listening T time until all channel listening is completed. And storing beacon frame information if the beacon frame is received within the time T. After the last channel monitoring is finished, searching a beacon with the best signal quality in the stored beacon frame information, then judging whether the number of the accessed vehicle detectors of the beacon reaches an upper limit, and if so, searching the beacon with the second best signal quality in the stored beacon frame information again; if a plurality of beacons with the same signal quality exist, the number of accessed vehicle detectors of the beacons is compared, the beacon with the minimum number of accessed vehicle detectors is selected, and if the beacons with the minimum number of accessed vehicle detectors exist, the beacons are randomly selected. And the vehicle detector initiates a joining request by taking the relay node/sink node corresponding to the selected beacon as a destination address.

The resource allocation method shown in fig. 17 is as follows: after the vehicle detector joins the network, the network address allocated to the vehicle detector by the relay node/sink node is obtained, the allocation of the network address is sequentially allocated according to the number from 1 to the connected vehicle detectors, and the vehicle detector sends data to the relay node/sink node by taking the network address as a TDMA time slot for sending data; and the relay node/the sink node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data. The allocation of the TDMA resources is calculated by the vehicle detector, time slots do not need to be allocated, the speed is high, and the communication and energy consumption expenses caused by resource allocation are reduced. In order to ensure the reliability of data transmission, in addition to allocating a time slot to each vehicle detector, n reserved time slots are reserved in one transmission cycle, and the reserved time slots are used for retransmitting data to the vehicle detector with failed transmission in the period. Referring to fig. 20, a relay node with 6 vehicle detectors assigns time slots 1 through 6 to each vehicle detector, leaving 7 and 8 time slots for retransmission. Vehicle detector number 1 sends data in 1 slot and if no ACK is received it will make CSMA transmission in 7 slots. And selecting the TDMA time slot for transmission according to the network address of each node. Because the probability of packet loss is small, the relay node with 6 vehicle detectors can reserve 2 reserved time slots, for example, in 7 and 8 time slots, the vehicle detectors adopt csma competition transmission, so that the transmission reliability is ensured, and the transmission delay is reduced.

Referring to fig. 21, a schematic diagram of a low power consumption detection process in fig. 17 is shown, where the low power consumption detection employs a high frequency detection and a low frequency transmission method. The high-frequency starting sensor detects whether a signal of the vehicle in the parking space exists or not, if the detected signal is not changed, data is not transmitted in the data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector, power consumption is reduced, and if the detected signal is changed, the data is transmitted. In order to ensure network connection, under the condition that whether a signal is constant in a vehicle for a long time, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the relay node or the sink node works normally; and stopping sending the survival indication frame when the signal transmission change is detected.

Referring to fig. 22, the main functions of the parking monitoring management center include: the parking space information management module is mainly used for summarizing data of the vehicle detector, inputting position information and a physical address of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the physical address; and monitoring the battery voltage of the vehicle detector and importing parking photos. The charging module mainly records the time of parking and driving, calculates the charge automatically, inquires the arrearage list and the like.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the big data service center is connected to a parking monitoring management center, and the main functions of the big data service center include: the method comprises the following steps of releasing parking space information, and providing a Geographic Information System (GIS) map, navigation, a third party payment interface and parking space information for a user, wherein the parking space information comprises: the total number of empty parking spaces in the range near the appointed position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied or not.

Referring to fig. 23, an interaction flow between the manager terminal and the parking monitoring management center is shown, where when a vehicle arrives, the vehicle detector detects that there is a vehicle, and reports data to the parking monitoring management center, and the parking monitoring management center sends a vehicle arrival prompt to a manager in the parking space. The management personnel terminal displays the serial number of the occupied actual parking space, and takes a picture and uploads the picture through the terminal, and the parking monitoring management center stores the picture taking information, identifies the license plate and charges the license plate; and when the vehicle leaves, the vehicle detector detects the leaving information and reports the leaving information to the parking monitoring management center, and the parking monitoring management center charges and sends the parking space number and the charge of the leaving vehicle to the manager terminal.

Referring to fig. 24, a manager workflow is shown. When a vehicle arrives, a vehicle detector detects vehicle parking information and sends the vehicle parking information to a parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication unit, the parking monitoring management center sends parking space occupation information to a manager terminal device of a manager, and the manager terminal reminds the manager through a sound, vibration and message prompt box; the management personnel check the position of the occupied parking space and go to the parking space to confirm, the management personnel terminal is used for shooting the picture of the parked vehicle, and the management personnel terminal uploads the picture and the position information of the parking space to the parking monitoring management center to start charging.

When a vehicle leaves, the vehicle detector detects that the vehicle leaves information and sends the information to the parking monitoring management center through the wireless communication unit, the parking monitoring management center sends the vehicle leaving information to a manager terminal of a manager, and the manager terminal reminds the manager through sound, vibration, a message prompt box and the like; the manager confirms the vehicle leaving information and obtains the parking charging information, and confirms that the user pays the parking fee by means of cash, mobile payment and the like, and issues a bill.

Referring to fig. 25, which is an interaction flow between a user terminal and a big data center, after a user logs in an application (app) of an intelligent parking monitoring management system, the user calls a map, searches parking space information near a destination by self-positioning or inputting a destination address, and starts automatic navigation after selecting one piece of parking space information; the app continuously updates parking space information in real time, when the vehicle reaches the parking space, the user presses a parking key; when the user leaves, the login app presses a leaving key, the system acquires parking fee and license plate information, and payment is carried out through cash, credit card or mobile payment after confirmation.

Example 3

In order to increase the reliability of the system, an ultrasonic sensor is added in a vehicle detector, and the GMI detection module and the ultrasonic sensor are used for jointly detecting the vehicle information of the parking space.

Referring to fig. 26, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent parking space management system based on GMI detection and ultrasonic sensor, including: the GMI detection module and the ultrasonic sensor form a vehicle detector, a relay node, a sink node and a parking monitoring management center, wherein the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space and sending the detected information to the sink node through the relay node; the aggregation node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the relay node and transmitting the information to the parking monitoring management center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies; and the parking monitoring management center is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking spaces sent by the convergent node, processing the vehicle information of the parking spaces, and monitoring, managing and charging the parking space information according to the processing result.

Example 4

In order to further increase the reliability of the system, an electronic tag reader is added in the system.

Referring to fig. 27, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent parking space management system based on GMI detection and an electronic tag card reader, including: the GMI sensor and the electronic tag card reader form a vehicle information reading device, a relay node, a sink node and a parking monitoring management center, wherein the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space and transmitting the vehicle information of the detected parking space to a receiver through a relay, the electronic tag card reader is used for reading the vehicle information and transmitting the read vehicle information to the relay node, and the vehicle information comprises: car number, car type, etc.; the convergent node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space and transmitting the vehicle information read by the electronic tag card reader to a parking monitoring management center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies; the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received information and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result; the parking monitoring management center is also used for reading and writing the electronic tag card reader, recharging and charging the electronic tag card reader and charging for parking through the electronic tag card reader.

The embodiment of the invention is suitable for vehicles provided with microwave electronic tags, and the microwave electronic tags are used as electronic identity cards and used for identifying moving vehicles; the microwave electronic tags are also called ultra-high frequency and microwave frequency band electronic tags, and can be divided into two types, namely active tags and passive tags, and the typical working frequency is as follows: 433.92MHz, 862(902) -928 MHz, 2.45GHz, 5.8 GHz. When the microwave electronic tag works, the microwave electronic tag is positioned in a far field of an antenna radiation field of the electronic tag card reader, and the coupling mode between the microwave electronic tag and the electronic tag card reader is an electromagnetic coupling mode. The antenna radiation field of the electronic tag card reader provides radio frequency energy for the passive tag to wake up the active tag. The reading distance of the corresponding radio frequency identification system is generally larger than 1m, typically 4-7 m, and the maximum reading distance can reach more than 10 m. The electronic tag reader antenna is generally a directional antenna, and only microwave electronic tags in the range of directional beams of the electronic tag reader antenna can be read/written.

When the reading distance is increased, the situation that a plurality of microwave electronic tags appear in the reading area at the same time is possible, so that the requirement for simultaneously reading the plurality of microwave electronic tags is provided, and the requirement develops into a trend. At present, the advanced radio frequency identification system takes the problem of multi-microwave electronic tag identification as an important characteristic of the system.

According to the current technical level, the passive microwave electronic tag is in the 902-928 MHz working frequency band. 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz radio frequency identification systems are mostly sold as semi-passive microwave electronic tag products. Semi-passive tags are generally powered by button cells and have a relatively long read distance.

Typical characteristics of the microwave electronic tag mainly focus on the aspects of passive or wireless read-write distance, whether multiple microwave electronic tag read-write is supported, whether high-speed identification application is suitable, the transmitting power tolerance of an electronic tag card reader, the prices of the microwave electronic tag and the electronic tag card reader and the like. For microwave electronic tags that can be written wirelessly, the writing distance is usually smaller than the reading distance, because writing requires more energy.

The embodiment of the invention is suitable for communities, office buildings, supermarkets, parking lots, schools, intersections and bayonets.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 28, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a parking space state by a vehicle detector, in order to ensure reliability of a detection result, a parking space state is comprehensively determined by using a dual sensor in a parking and leaving stage, that is, the vehicle detector has a dual sensor structure, and includes: the GMI detection module can be a photoelectric detector, the GMI detection module can be a magnetic sensor, and specific detection methods include the following steps:

as shown in fig. 28(a), the vehicle detector first activates the magnetic sensor, and if the magnetic sensor detects invalid information, it determines that the parking space is in an empty state; if the magnetic sensor detects the effective information, judging whether the photoelectric detector detects the effective information, and if the photoelectric detector detects the effective information, judging that the parking space is occupied; and if the photoelectric detector does not detect valid information, judging that the parking space is in an idle state.

As shown in fig. 28(b), the vehicle detector first activates the magnetic sensor, and if the magnetic sensor detects valid information, it is determined that the parking space is occupied; if the magnetic sensor detects invalid information, judging whether the photoelectric detector detects the valid information, and if the photoelectric detector also detects the invalid information, judging that the parking space is in an idle state; and if the photoelectric detector detects the valid information, judging that the parking space is occupied.

As shown in fig. 28(c), the vehicle detector first activates the photodetector, and if the photodetector detects valid information, it is determined that the parking space is occupied; if the photoelectric detector detects invalid information, judging whether the magnetic sensor detects valid information, and if the magnetic sensor also detects invalid information, judging that the parking space is in an idle state; and if the magnetic sensor detects the valid information, judging that the parking space is occupied.

Preferably, in order to reduce the power consumption of the vehicle detector and prolong the service life of the battery, in a periodic detection stage, an early warning detection method is adopted, when the vehicle position detection is executed, any one of the two sensors is firstly started to judge, if the judgment is valid, a detection result is directly given, and if the judgment is invalid, the other sensor is started to detect.

Among them, the detection methods exemplified in fig. 28(a) - (c) described above may be used in combination in different parking detection phases, wherein the method shown in fig. 28(c) is preferred in the periodic detection phase for fig. 28(b) and 28 (c).

Example 6

In another embodiment of the invention, a parking continuous monitoring and identification method is adopted to ensure the reliability of parking of the vehicle and the interference of passing vehicles.

Referring to fig. 29, an operation process of parking a vehicle from a side is shown, in which the vehicle moves forward and backward many times and a distance from a vehicle detector is changed continuously, the vehicle detector has a dual sensor structure, and includes: the GMI detection module can be a photoelectric detector, and the GMI detection module can be a magnetic sensor. In the embodiment of the invention, a parking mode vehicle entering detection method is adopted to judge parking space occupation, as shown in fig. 30, a vehicle detector records the last environmental magnetic field, after a magnetic sensor detects a magnetic signal, a timer is started, a continuous detection mode is entered to detect a magnetic signal and an optical signal, the detected magnetic signal and the detected optical signal are stored, forward and backward magnetic abnormal signals are generated when the vehicle moves forwards and backwards, continuous motion of the vehicle is identified through the continuous forward and backward magnetic abnormal signals, after the preset time of the timer is reached, the vehicle detector detects the optical signal and the magnetic signal, if the photoelectric sensor detects the optical signal, the magnetic abnormal signal disappears, and if the difference between the magnetic signal detected by the magnetic sensor and the recorded environmental magnetic field is smaller than a preset threshold value, the vehicle is considered to be parked in a parking position, otherwise, an alarm prompt is carried out.

Preferably, the vehicle parking detection method is also suitable for other types of magnetic sensors, the forward and backward movement of the vehicle is recognized by recognizing the strength of the magnetic signal and the signal of the photoelectric sensor, so that the difference between the monitored magnetic signal and the environmental magnetic field is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the photoelectric sensor is combined to judge whether the vehicle is parked or not. Similarly, when the vehicle leaves, the photoelectric sensor and the continuous vehicle forward and backward movement recognition are used as judgment conditions, and the vehicle leaves if the vehicle is found to move and the photoelectric sensor detects that the vehicle is empty.

Preferably, in order to ensure that the magnetic detection is not interfered by an external strong magnetic field, the vehicle detector adopts a double-magnetic module to form an orthogonal structure, and performs transverse and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection respectively. Thereby realizing strong anti-interference capability.

EXAMPLES example 7

As shown in fig. 31, in order to obtain the total number of free parking spaces in parking lots and underground parking lots in a residential area, in an embodiment of the present invention, a system for calculating the number of empty vehicles in a parking lot by using a method for detecting parking spaces without being connected to a parking lot system includes: 1 entrance vehicle detector, 1 exit vehicle detector and 1 aggregation node. The entrance vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using a magnetic anomaly sensor and an infrared sensor; the exit vehicle detector counts the number of vehicles exiting by using a magnetic anomaly sensor and an infrared sensor; the convergent node is used for communicating with the two vehicle detectors, calculating the number of the vehicles at the entrance and the number of the vehicles at the exit of the vehicle detectors to obtain the free parking spaces of the parking lot, and transmitting the free parking spaces to the parking monitoring management center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies.

The entrance vehicle detector and the exit vehicle detector are used for determining vehicle passing information through forward and reverse change modes of the magnetic anomaly sensor when judging vehicle counting, and are combined with the infrared sensor for auxiliary judgment. And under the condition of acquiring the number of the idle parking spaces in the parking lot at a certain time, the statistics of the idle parking spaces is realized through the monitoring count of the entrance vehicle detector and the monitoring count of the exit vehicle detector.

Based on the system, the invention discloses a method for acquiring the total number of free parking spaces in a parking lot, which comprises the following steps:

entering a vehicle counting step: counting incoming vehicles by an incoming vehicle detector provided at an incoming position of the parking lot; and a vehicle leaving counting step: counting the number of vehicles leaving by an exit vehicle detector provided at an exit position of the parking lot; and (3) counting the number of the vacant parking spaces in the parking lot: the convergence node is communicated with the vehicle detector to obtain counting numerical values of entering vehicles and leaving vehicles, and the total number of the parking spaces of the current parking lot, the number of the entering vehicles and the number of the leaving vehicles are combined to calculate to obtain the number of the free parking spaces of the parking lot.

Wherein, in the entering vehicle counting step: the entrance vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; in the leaving vehicle counting step: the exit vehicle detector counting the number of vehicles exiting by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor; the aggregation node calculates the number of the idle parking spaces in the parking lot, and transmits the number to an external parking monitoring management center, a user terminal, a manager terminal or a big data service center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies.

EXAMPLES example 8

In order to reduce the cost, the invention provides a vehicle vacancy detection method based on an administrator terminal.

As shown in fig. 32, an interaction flow between the manager terminal and the parking monitoring background management center includes:

after a vehicle arrives, a parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle arrival information to a manager terminal, the terminal shoots the arriving vehicle and identifies the number of the license plate after obtaining the vehicle arrival information, the license plate information and the shot picture are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center together, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the shot picture, the current parking time of the vehicle is obtained, the total time of the vehicle stopping in a parking lot is timed, and the vacancy number of the current parking lot is updated;

when a vehicle leaves, the parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle leaving information to a manager terminal, after the terminal obtains the vehicle leaving information, the manager terminal takes a picture of the vehicle again and identifies the number of the license plate, the license plate information and the picture taken are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the picture taken to obtain the leaving time of the vehicle, updates the number of vacant spaces in the current parking lot, calculates the parking cost of the vehicle and then sends the information to the manager terminal, and the manager terminal obtains the total parking duration and parking cost of the vehicle and charges the vehicle for parking.

In this way, the arrival and departure of the vehicle cannot be automatically identified through the vehicle detector, and managers must participate in the parking, departure and payment processes, but the vacant parking space information can be counted through parking photographing and departure photographing, so that the method is an implementation scheme with low hardware cost.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent parking monitoring management system, comprising: the vehicle detector, wireless communication unit and the control management center of parking, the vehicle detector includes: the device comprises an infrared detection module and a GMI detection module; the method is characterized in that:

the vehicle detector is used for generating vehicle information of the parking space after comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module and sending the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit;

and the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication unit comprises: a relay node and a sink node;

the relay node is configured to receive vehicle information of a parking space sent by the vehicle detector, process the received vehicle information of the parking space, and send the processed vehicle information to a target device, where the target device includes: a sink node and a street lamp control cabinet;

the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the relay node and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication technology; the wireless communication technology includes WIFI, a mobile communication network, and the like.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising: the system comprises a user terminal, a manager terminal and a big data service center;

the parking monitoring management center carries out monitoring management on the parking space information and comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, monitoring the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information;

the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal;

the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, monitoring the service state of the vehicle detector, photographing the parking vehicle, uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, sharing information with the data of the traffic command control unit through image compression and photographing information image OCR acquisition software contained in the terminal, and charging a user of the parking vehicle according to the charge information sent by the parking monitoring management center;

the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied or not;

and the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to the GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling the vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication unit comprises: at least 1 sink node and at least 1 relay node;

the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function;

each relay node is wirelessly connected with at least one vehicle detector, the relay nodes and the vehicle detectors connected with the relay nodes form a star network, the vehicle detectors send the detected vehicle information of the parking spaces to the at least one relay node, and the plurality of relay nodes form a network through wireless communication of different channels to transmit the vehicle information to the aggregation node; each parking lot is provided with 1 aggregation node, at least one relay node and at least one vehicle detector;

the aggregation node is used for uploading the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the relay node comprises: a wireless communication module or two wireless communication modules with different frequency bands.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication unit comprises at least one sink node, and the wireless communication unit and the vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, and the wireless communication network adopts a star topology;

each aggregation node is connected with at least one vehicle detector, the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation nodes form a star network, different channels are adopted among the aggregation nodes to work simultaneously, and each parking lot is provided with at least one aggregation node and at least one vehicle detector;

the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node to the parking monitoring management center.

7. The system of claim 2, 4 or 6, wherein:

the vehicle detector is also used for detecting whether the parking signal of the parking space changes according to a preset frequency;

transmitting data in a data transmission slot of the vehicle detector when the detected parking signal is changed;

within a preset time, when the detected parking signal is unchanged, no data is transmitted in the data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector;

and when the detected parking signal is unchanged within the preset time, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the vehicle detector works normally, and when the parking signal is detected to be changed, the vehicle detector stops sending the survival indication frame.

8. The system of claim 4, wherein:

after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the relay node by the vehicle detector in a time slot of a frame of the receiving adding request of the relay node;

wherein the join request packet comprises: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

9. The system of claim 6, wherein:

after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out the sink node corresponding to the beacon which can be accessed and has the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the sink node by the vehicle detector in the time slot of the sink node for receiving the adding request frame;

10. The system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the relay selection algorithm comprises:

monitoring all channels through a vehicle detector, monitoring beacon T time by each channel, and storing beacon frame information if a beacon frame is received within the T time until the last channel is monitored;

searching a beacon with the best signal quality according to the stored beacon frame information, and judging whether the number of accessed vehicle detectors of the beacon reaches an upper limit or not;

if the upper limit is reached, the beacon with the second best signal quality in the stored beacon frame information is searched again,

if a plurality of beacons with the same signal quality exist, comparing the number of the beacons with the same signal quality which have been accessed into the vehicle detectors, and selecting the beacon with the minimum number of the accessed vehicle detectors;

if there are a plurality of beacons having the least number of accessed vehicle detectors, a beacon is randomly selected from the plurality of beacons.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein:

the vehicle detector, after the selected relay node transmits a join request to the relay node in its receive join request frame slot:

when the relay node returns a join response, the vehicle detectors obtain network addresses distributed by the relay node, the distribution of the network addresses is sequentially distributed according to the number N of the connected vehicle detectors of the relay node from 1, and the relay node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector;

the vehicle detector transmits data to the relay node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for transmitting data;

the relay node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector;

in each transmission period, the relay node not only allocates a TDMA time slot to each vehicle detector, but also reserves the TDMA time slots according to the preset number, and in the reserved TDMA time slots, the vehicle detectors transmit data according to a CSMA mode.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the vehicle detector, after sending a join request to its selected sink node in its sink node's receive join request frame time slot:

when the sink node returns a join response, the vehicle detector obtains network addresses distributed by the sink node, the network addresses are distributed in sequence according to the number of connected vehicle detectors from 1 to the sink node, and the sink node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector;

the vehicle detector sends data to the sink node by taking the obtained network address as a TDMA time slot for sending data;

the sink node returns an ACK (acknowledgement) packet after receiving the data sent by the vehicle detector;

13. The system according to any of claims 1-12, wherein said GMI detection module comprises: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit, wherein the excitation resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe;

the excitation oscillator is used for exciting high-frequency alternating current for the magneto-dependent GMI probe;

the magnetic resonance driving circuit is used for enabling the magneto-dependent GMI probe to generate magnetic resonance by using the high-frequency alternating current;

the magneto-sensitive GMI probe is used for measuring a change signal of a magnetic field;

and the magnetic anomaly detection and conditioning circuit unit is used for processing the measured change signal of the magnetic field and detecting the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space according to the processing result.

14. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the infrared detection module comprises: the infrared transmitting circuit and the infrared receiving circuit;

the infrared transmitting circuit is used for transmitting modulated infrared light waves with fixed frequency, and when the infrared light waves with fixed frequency are shielded by a vehicle, the infrared light waves are reflected back to the infrared receiving circuit;

the infrared receiving circuit is used for receiving the reflected infrared light waves with fixed frequency and demodulating the infrared light waves into digital information, if the infrared light waves with the fixed frequency are received, a digital 0 is output, wherein the digital 0 indicates a vehicle signal, and if the infrared light waves with the fixed frequency are not received, a digital 1 is output, and the digital 1 indicates a vehicle signal; the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle;

15. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the vehicle detector further comprises: a mercury switch;

the mercury switch is used for controlling the working state of the power supply of the vehicle detector according to the placement state of the mercury switch; when the mercury switch is placed in the forward direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in an open state; when the mercury switch is placed in a reversed direction, the power supply of the vehicle detector is in an off state.

16. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the vehicle detector employs a housing structure that includes an infrared filter;

preferably, the shell structure is made of non-magnetic pressure-resistant material or metal-free pressure-resistant material.

17. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the vehicle detector further comprises: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting ambient environmental information;

the vehicle detector is further configured to perform comprehensive processing on a vehicle presence/absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module, a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module, and information of the surrounding environment detected by the ultrasonic sensor to generate vehicle information of the parking space, and send the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit.

18. The system according to any one of claims 1-12, further comprising: an electronic tag reader;

the electronic tag reader is used for reading basic information of a vehicle and transmitting the basic information to the parking monitoring management center through the wireless communication unit, wherein the basic information comprises: car number, car type;

the parking monitoring management center is also used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and the basic information of the vehicle read by the electronic tag card reader, and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result; and the electronic tag card reader can be read, written, charged and used for charging parking.

19. The system according to any one of claims 18, wherein the system identifies a vehicle equipped with a microwave electronic tag by the electronic tag reader, wherein,

the microwave electronic tags are divided into two types, namely active tags and passive tags, and the typical working frequency is as follows: 433.92MHz, 862(902) -928 MHz, 2.45GHz, 5.8 GHz; preferably, the passive microwave electronic tag is in the 902-928 MHz working frequency band.

20. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the vehicle detector employs dual magnetic modules, and the dual magnetic modules form an orthogonal structure for performing transverse magnetic anomaly detection and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection, respectively.

21. A vehicle detector comprises a GMI detection module, a ground magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal and a ground magnetic field magnetic anomaly signal, wherein the GMI detection module is used for detecting vehicle disturbance of a parking space; the method is characterized in that: the GMI detection module comprises: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection conditioning circuit unit;

the excitation resonant circuit unit is used for exciting a high-frequency alternating current to generate magnetic resonance and generating a change signal for measuring a magnetic field;

22. The vehicle detector of claim 21, wherein:

the excited resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe; wherein,

the magneto-sensitive GMI probe is used for measuring a change signal of a magnetic field.

23. The vehicle detector according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the vehicle detector further comprises: a mercury switch;

24. The vehicle detector of any of claims 21-23, wherein:

the vehicle detector further includes: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting surrounding environment information of the ultrasonic sensor;

the vehicle detector is further configured to perform comprehensive processing on a vehicle presence/absence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module, a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module, and information of the surrounding environment detected by the ultrasonic sensor to generate vehicle information of the parking space.

25. The vehicle detector of any of claims 21-24, wherein:

the vehicle detector adopts a shell structure, the shell structure comprises an infrared filter, and the shell structure adopts nonmagnetic compression-resistant materials or metal-free compression-resistant materials;

or the vehicle detector adopts a double-magnetic module to form an orthogonal structure, and performs transverse magnetic anomaly detection and longitudinal magnetic anomaly detection respectively.

26. The vehicle detector of any one of claims 21-25, further comprising an infrared detection module, wherein:

the vehicle detector is used for comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module to generate vehicle information of the parking space.

27. The vehicle detector of claim 26, wherein the infrared detection module comprises: the infrared transmitting circuit and the infrared receiving circuit;

the infrared receiving circuit is used for receiving the reflected infrared light waves with fixed frequency and demodulating the infrared light waves to obtain digital information.

28. The vehicle detector of claim 27, wherein the infrared receiving circuit:

if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency is received, outputting a digital 0, wherein the 0 represents a vehicle signal;

if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency is not received, the output number 1, 1 represents the no-vehicle signal.

29. The vehicle detector of claim 28, wherein:

the infrared receiving circuit: the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle; or,

the fixed frequency is any fixed value of 30-60Khz, preferably 38Khz, 40Khz or 42 Khz.

30. The vehicle detector according to any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein the vehicle detector is provided in the intelligent parking monitoring management system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

31. A vehicle detector, comprising: infrared detection module and GMI detection module, its characterized in that:

the vehicle detector is used for comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module to generate vehicle information of the parking space;

the GMI detection module comprises: an excitation resonant circuit unit and a magnetic anomaly detection conditioning circuit unit; wherein the excited resonant circuit unit includes: the device comprises an excitation oscillator, a magnetic resonance driving circuit and a magneto-dependent GMI probe;

32. The vehicle detector of claim 31, wherein the infrared detection module comprises: the infrared transmitting circuit and the infrared receiving circuit;

33. The vehicle detector of claim 32, wherein the infrared receiving circuit:

if the infrared light wave with the fixed frequency cannot be received, outputting a number 1, 1 to represent a no-vehicle signal;

preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,

the infrared receiving circuit: the system is also used for receiving the continuous coding number in unit time, measuring the height between the vehicle and the ground and identifying the basic type of the vehicle;

or,

34. The vehicle detector according to any one of claims 31-33, further comprising: a mercury switch;

35. The vehicle detector of any of claims 31-34, further comprising: an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the ambient environment information;

36. The vehicle detector of any of claims 31-35, wherein:

the vehicle detector adopts a shell structure, the shell structure adopts a metal-free compression-resistant material, and the shell structure is preferably an infrared filter;

37. The vehicle detector according to any one of claims 31 to 36, wherein the vehicle detector is provided in the intelligent parking monitoring management system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

38. A wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: the relay node and the sink node are characterized in that:

the relay node is used for receiving the vehicle information of the parking space sent by the vehicle detector, processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and sending the processed vehicle information to the target equipment, wherein the target equipment is a sink node;

the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the repeater and transmitting the vehicle information to an external parking monitoring management center.

39. A wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: at least 1 relay node and 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function; the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; the method is characterized in that:

each relay node is connected with at least one vehicle detector, the relay node and the vehicle detector connected with the relay node form a star network, the vehicle detector sends the detected vehicle information of the parking space to the at least one relay node, and a plurality of relay nodes form a mesh network through wireless communication modules with different frequency channels to transmit the vehicle information to a sink node;

the aggregation node is used for uploading the vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors in the whole wireless communication network to the parking monitoring management center;

each parking area or parking lot deploys 1 aggregation node, at least 1 relay node and at least 1 vehicle detector.

40. The wireless communication unit of claim 39, wherein:

after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the relay node in a time slot of a receiving adding request frame of the relay node;

41. The wireless communication unit of claim 40, wherein:

the vehicle detector, after the receiving joining request frame time slot of the selected relay node sends the joining request to the relay node:

when the relay node returns a join response, the vehicle detectors obtain network addresses distributed by the relay node, the distribution of the network addresses is sequentially distributed according to the number of the connected vehicle detectors from 1 to the relay node, and the relay node is further used for storing and maintaining the physical address and the network address of each vehicle detector;

42. A wireless communication unit for vehicle detection, comprising: at least 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, and the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space; the method is characterized in that:

each aggregation node is connected with at least 1 vehicle detector, the aggregation nodes and the vehicle detectors connected with the aggregation nodes form a star network, and different channels are adopted among the aggregation nodes to work simultaneously;

the aggregation node is used for uploading the received vehicle information of the parking spaces detected by all the vehicle detectors connected to the aggregation node to an external parking monitoring management center;

at least 1 sink node and at least 1 vehicle detector are deployed per parking area or parking lot.

43. The wireless communication unit of claim 42, wherein:

after monitoring all the channels, the vehicle detector finds out the sink node corresponding to the beacon which can be accessed and has the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sends an adding request to the sink node in the time slot of the sink node for receiving the adding request frame;

44. The wireless communication unit of claim 43, wherein the vehicle detector, after the time slot of the sink node selected by the vehicle detector for receiving the join request frame is transmitted by the sink node for a join request:

45. The wireless communication unit of claim 40, 41, 43 or 44, wherein the relay selection algorithm comprises:

46. The wireless communication unit according to any of claims 38-45, wherein:

the vehicle detector is also used for detecting whether the signal of the existence of the vehicle in the parking space changes according to a preset frequency;

within a preset time, when the detected parking signal is not changed, data is not transmitted in a data transmission time slot of the vehicle detector;

when the detected parking signal is unchanged after the preset time is exceeded, the vehicle detector sends a survival indication frame to indicate that the vehicle detector works normally, and when the change of the parking signal is detected, the vehicle detector stops sending the survival indication frame.

47. The wireless communication unit according to any one of claims 38 to 46, wherein the wireless communication unit is provided in the intelligent parking monitoring management system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

48. A parking monitoring management center used in an intelligent parking monitoring management system is used for processing vehicle information received from a parking space, and monitoring, managing and charging the parking space information according to the processing result, and is characterized in that:

the parking monitoring management center carries out monitoring management on the parking space information and comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information;

the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal.

49. A user terminal used in an intelligent parking monitoring management system is used for displaying at least one of position information of current vehicle stop, navigation route information, parking time timing information, information of whether a target parking space is vacant or not and final parking space GIS real-time position information according to a GIS map provided by a big data service center; wherein, this user terminal still includes:

a navigation module: the navigation function is used for inquiring the navigation route or navigating from the position of the user to the position where the current vehicle stops;

a target parking space module: the system comprises a management system, a parking space reservation module and a parking space reservation module, wherein the parking space reservation module is used for realizing the reservation of a target parking space by a user and sending the reservation information to other user terminals in the management system;

parking time timing module: the system is used for realizing the statistical timing of the vehicle stopping time of the current parking space;

a vacancy information display module: the vacancy information is used for displaying the current parking lot, the parking lot within a preset distance from the current position or the target parking lot;

GIS real-time position information display module: and the intelligent parking monitoring management system is used for receiving and displaying the final real-time position information of the parking space GIS of the current user pushed by the intelligent parking monitoring management system in real time.

50. The UE of claim 49, further comprising:

the push information display module: the push information is used for receiving information sent to the user terminal by an external server or terminal, and the push information comprises: LBS information based on the current location of the user terminal.

51. The UE of claim 49 or 50, further comprising:

the information interaction module: the parking monitoring and management center is used for receiving information sent to the user terminal by other user terminals in the parking monitoring and management center, receiving input of a user, and sending the input information to other user terminals, so that information interaction between different user terminals in the parking monitoring and management center is realized.

52. The user terminal as claimed in any one of claims 49-51, wherein the intelligent parking monitoring management system further comprises: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a manager terminal and a big data service center; wherein,

the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result: the monitoring and management of the parking space information comprises the following steps: collecting parking space occupation information of a parking lot, storing parking pictures of all parking spaces, identifying license plates, detecting the voltage of a vehicle detector, importing position information and geographic information of a newly installed vehicle detector, and matching the position information and the geographic information; the parking monitoring management center carries out charging management on the parking spaces, and comprises the following steps: inquiring arrearage, recording the current parking time of each parking space, determining the current parking fee according to the current parking time and the identified license plate, and sending the fee to the manager terminal;

the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, photographing the parking vehicle and uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, and is also used for charging the user of the parking vehicle according to the charge information sent by the parking monitoring management center;

53. A manager terminal for use in an intelligent parking monitoring management system, the intelligent parking monitoring management system further comprising: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a user terminal and a big data service center; wherein,

the user terminal is used for setting a target parking space by a user according to a GIS map, navigation and parking space information provided by the big data service center, controlling a vehicle to reach the target parking space by using a navigation function, and paying the parking fee through cash, a credit card or a third party payment interface when the user leaves the target parking space;

the method is characterized in that: the management personnel terminal is used for displaying the number of the actual occupied parking space of the parking vehicle, photographing the parking vehicle and uploading the photographed parking vehicle to the parking monitoring management center, and is also used for charging the user of the parking vehicle according to the tariff information sent by the parking monitoring management center.

54. A big data service center used in an intelligent parking monitoring management system is characterized in that: this intelligent parking control management system still includes: the system comprises a parking monitoring management center, a user terminal and a manager terminal; wherein,

the method is characterized in that: the big data service center is used for providing a GIS map, navigation and a third party payment interface for a user, and is also used for acquiring parking space information in the parking monitoring management center, counting and issuing, wherein the parking space information comprises: the user specifies the total number of empty parking spaces in the peripheral range of the position, the longitude and latitude of each parking space and whether the parking space is occupied.

55. An intelligent parking monitoring management method comprises the following steps: the method comprises a vehicle detection step, a wireless communication step and a parking monitoring management step, and is characterized in that:

a vehicle detection step: the vehicle detector detects whether a vehicle in a parking space has a signal through the infrared detection module and/or detects a vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space through the GMI detection module, and vehicle information of the parking space is generated after comprehensive processing;

wireless communication step: the vehicle information of the parking space is sent to a parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication unit;

parking monitoring and managing: and the parking monitoring management center is used for processing the received vehicle information of the parking space and carrying out monitoring management and charging management on the parking space information according to the processing result.

56. The intelligent parking monitoring management method according to claim 55, wherein the vehicle detection step further comprises:

detecting whether a vehicle parking signal of a parking space changes according to a preset frequency;

57. The intelligent parking monitoring management method according to claim 56,

the wireless communication unit includes: at least 1 relay node and 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network adopts a mesh/star topology structure, and the relay node is a sink node without GPRS/3G/4G function; the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space;

the vehicle detecting step further includes: after monitoring all channels, finding out a relay node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sending an adding request to the relay node in a time slot of a receiving adding request frame of the relay node; the join request packet includes: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

58. The method of claim 56, wherein:

the wireless communication unit comprises at least 1 sink node; the wireless communication unit and an external vehicle detector form a wireless communication network, and the vehicle detector is used for detecting vehicle information of a parking space;

the vehicle detecting step further includes: after monitoring all channels, finding out a sink node corresponding to an accessible beacon with the best signal quality through a relay selection algorithm, and sending a join request to the sink node in a time slot of a join request frame received by the sink node; the join request packet includes: a physical address of the vehicle detector.

59. The method of claim 57 or 58, wherein the relay selection algorithm comprises:

monitoring all channels, wherein each channel monitors beacon time T, and if a beacon frame is received in the time T, the beacon frame information is stored until the last channel is monitored;

60. A vehicle docking detection method for a parking space, comprising:

the vehicle detector monitors the current magnetic signal state of the parking space in real time:

if the magnetic signal is not detected, recording the environmental magnetic field at the previous moment, starting a timer after the magnetic signal is detected, and continuously detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal for identifying the motion of the vehicle;

when the timer reaches preset time, if the detected infrared light signal is effective and the difference between the detected magnetic signal and the recorded environmental magnetic field is smaller than a preset threshold value, judging that the vehicle is parked in the position, otherwise, giving an alarm;

determining, by the vehicle detector, a state of a parking space, the state of the parking space including: the parking space is free or occupied;

preferably, the magnetic signal monitoring method adopts a magnetic field change slope monitoring method.

61. The method of claim 60, wherein:

the continuously detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal for recognizing the motion of the vehicle includes: forward and backward movement of the vehicle is identified by continuously detecting a forward magnetic anomaly signal, a reverse magnetic anomaly signal and an infrared light signal;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

whether a vehicle located in the parking space moves or not is determined by detecting the magnetic signal and the infrared light signal, and if the vehicle moves and the detected light signal is invalid, the vehicle is judged to leave the parking space.

62. The method of claim 60 or 61, wherein determining the state of the parking space comprises:

judging whether the detected magnetic signal is effective or not, and if the magnetic signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied;

if the magnetic signal is invalid, detecting the optical signal and judging whether the detected optical signal is valid, if the optical signal is valid, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the infrared optical signal is invalid, judging that the parking space is free.

63. The method of claim 60 or 61, wherein determining the state of the parking space comprises:

judging whether the detected infrared light signal is effective or not, and if the detected infrared light signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied;

and if the optical signal is invalid, detecting the magnetic signal and judging whether the detected magnetic signal is valid, if the magnetic signal is valid, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the magnetic signal is invalid, judging that the parking space is free.

64. The method of claim 60 or 61, wherein determining the state of the parking space comprises:

judging whether the detected magnetic signal is effective or not, and if the magnetic signal is ineffective, judging that the parking space is idle;

if the magnetic signal is effective, detecting the optical signal and judging whether the detected optical signal is effective, if the optical signal is effective, judging that the parking space is occupied, and if the optical signal is ineffective, judging that the parking space is free.

65. A system for obtaining the total number of free parking spaces in a parking lot can accurately calculate the number of the free parking spaces in the parking lot without being connected with a monitoring system of the parking lot, and comprises 1 entrance vehicle detector, 1 exit vehicle detector and 1 aggregation node; the method is characterized in that:

the entrance vehicle detector is arranged at the entrance position of the parking lot and used for counting the number of the entering vehicles;

the exit vehicle detector is arranged at an exit position of the parking lot and used for counting the number of the vehicles leaving the parking lot;

the convergent node is communicated with the vehicle detector to obtain counting values of entering vehicles and leaving vehicles, and the total number of parking spaces of the current parking lot, the number of entering vehicles and the number of leaving vehicles are combined to calculate to obtain the number of free parking spaces of the parking lot.

66. The system of claim 65, wherein:

the entrance vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor;

the exit vehicle detector counting the number of vehicles exiting by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor;

the aggregation node calculates the number of the idle parking spaces in the parking lot, and transmits the number to an external parking monitoring management center, a user terminal, a manager terminal or a big data service center through the Internet, the mobile Internet or other wireless communication technologies.

67. The system of claim 66, further comprising:

when the entrance vehicle detector and the exit vehicle detector are used for judging vehicle counting, a vehicle passing information is determined through a forward change mode and a reverse change mode of the magnetic anomaly sensor, auxiliary judgment is carried out by combining an infrared sensor, and the spare parking space statistics is realized through the monitoring counting of the entrance vehicle detector and the monitoring counting of the exit vehicle detector under the condition of obtaining the number of spare parking spaces in a parking lot at a certain time.

68. A method of obtaining a total number of free slots in a parking lot, implemented by a system according to any one of claims 65-67; the method comprises the following steps:

entering a vehicle counting step: counting incoming vehicles by an incoming vehicle detector provided at an incoming position of the parking lot;

and a vehicle leaving counting step: counting the number of vehicles leaving by an exit vehicle detector provided at an exit position of the parking lot;

and (3) counting the number of the vacant parking spaces in the parking lot: the convergence node is communicated with the vehicle detector to obtain counting numerical values of entering vehicles and leaving vehicles, and the total number of the parking spaces of the current parking lot, the number of the entering vehicles and the number of the leaving vehicles are combined to calculate to obtain the number of the free parking spaces of the parking lot.

69. The method of claim 68, wherein:

in the entering vehicle counting step: the entrance vehicle detector counts the number of entering vehicles by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor;

in the leaving vehicle counting step: the exit vehicle detector counting the number of vehicles exiting by using the GMI magnetic anomaly sensor and the infrared sensor;

70. The method of claim 69, wherein the system further comprises:

71. A vehicle vacancy detection method based on a manager terminal is disclosed, wherein the manager terminal performs information interaction with a parking monitoring background management center, and the method comprises the following steps:

after a vehicle arrives, a parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle arrival information to a manager terminal, the terminal shoots the arriving vehicle and a license plate and identifies the number of the license plate after obtaining the vehicle arrival information, the license plate information and the shot picture are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center together, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the shot picture, the current parking time of the vehicle is obtained, the total time of the vehicle stopping in a parking lot is timed, and the number of vacant spaces in the current parking lot is updated;

when a vehicle leaves, the parking monitoring background management center sends vehicle leaving information to a manager terminal, after the terminal obtains the vehicle leaving information, the manager terminal takes a picture of the vehicle again and identifies the number of the license plate, the license plate information and the picture taken are uploaded to the parking monitoring background management center together, the parking monitoring background management center stores the license plate information and the picture taken to obtain the leaving time of the vehicle, updates the number of vacant spaces in the current parking lot, calculates the parking cost of the vehicle, and then sends the information to the manager terminal, and the manager terminal obtains the total parking duration and parking cost of the vehicle and charges the vehicle for parking.

72. The method of claim 71, wherein the system further comprises:

the license plate number identification process can be realized through a parking monitoring background management center: and after the manager terminal takes a picture of the arriving vehicle and the license plate and uploads the picture to the parking monitoring background management center, the parking monitoring background management center stores the picture and identifies the license plate picture to obtain the license plate number.

73. The vehicle parking monitoring management center according to claim 48, wherein the intelligent vehicle parking monitoring management system further comprises: a vehicle detector and a wireless communication unit, characterized in that:

the vehicle detector includes: the device comprises an infrared detection module and a GMI detection module; the vehicle detector is used for generating vehicle information of the parking space after comprehensively processing the vehicle existence signal of the parking space detected by the infrared detection module and the vehicle disturbance geomagnetic field magnetic anomaly signal of the parking space detected by the GMI detection module and sending the vehicle information to the wireless communication unit;

the wireless communication unit is used for receiving the vehicle information sent by the vehicle detector and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center through a wireless communication technology; the wireless communication unit includes: a relay node and a sink node;

the aggregation node is used for receiving the processed vehicle information of the parking space sent by the repeater and transmitting the vehicle information to the parking monitoring management center.