CN104774054A - Bio-organic fertilizer - Google Patents
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- CN104774054A CN104774054A CN201510207068.1A CN201510207068A CN104774054A CN 104774054 A CN104774054 A CN 104774054A CN 201510207068 A CN201510207068 A CN 201510207068A CN 104774054 A CN104774054 A CN 104774054A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses bio-organic fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer. The proportion by weight of all raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer is dried chicken manure : edible mushroom : compound microbial agent : corn flour or rice bran : functional strain = 110-140 : 390-360 : 0.1-0.5 ; 0.1. The compound microbial agent comprises mould, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes and saccharomycetes. The strains are efficient viable bacteria. Each gram of the compound microbial agent comprises the number of the mould ranges from 5 hundred million to 8 hundred million, the number of the efficient viable bacteria of bacillus ranges from 12 hundred million to 15 hundred million, and the number of the actinomycetes ranges from 10 hundred million to 12 hundred million and the saccharomycetes of 15 hundred million to 18 million. According to the bio-organic fertilizer, the chicken manure and mushroom dregs serve as main materials, and the high-quality organic fertilizer can be fermented quickly by adding the compound microbial agent and the functional strain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bio-feritlizer, particularly a kind of biological organic fertilizer.
Background technology
In soil planting process, life-time service chemical fertilizer, can reduce soil property, soil is lacking under organic condition, and its crumb structure is difficult to be formed, adhesive power between soil particle weakens, progressively reduce the water retention capacity of soil, and when soil cannot keep sufficient moisture content, even if chemical fertilizer good again can not release energy under adapt circumstance condition, and soil erosion, chemical fertilizer easily pollutes.And fertilizer can improve soil, culture fertility, can improve physics and chemistry situation and the biological nature of soil effectively after fertilizer is manured into soil, vegetable soil, improve physics and chemistry situation and the biological characteristic of soil, vegetable soil, strengthen the water conservation of soil, fertilizer conservation, feeder capability and surge capability.On the other hand, fertilizer can improve crop yield, and improve crop quality, fertilizer contains abundant organic matter and comprehensive nutritive element, for farm crop improve nutrient that is green, environmental protection.Have the preparation method of some fertilizers in prior art, if publication number is CN103145463A " animal dung fertilizer and preparation method thereof ", its material component is complicated, carry out secondary aerobic fermentation, complex process, need frequently to use the mechanism such as turnover throwing machine, load wagon, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of green, the biological organic fertilizer of environmental protection and production method thereof, with chicken manure and bacterium slag for main raw material, by adding complex micro organism fungicide, function bacterial classification quick fermentation becomes high-quality fertilizer.
The present invention proposes a kind of biological organic fertilizer, the quality proportioning of its each raw material is dried poultrymanure: edible fungi residues: complex micro organism fungicide: Semen Maydis powder or rice bran: function bacterial classification=110-140:390-360:0.1:0.5:0.1, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises mould, genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and above bacterial classification is effective viable bacteria; It is by above-mentioned raw materials according to the following steps machining obtain:
A, to get the raw materials ready: after weighing according to above-mentioned each raw materials quality ratio, get various raw material ready;
B, the dried poultrymanure got ready is mixed rear tiling with edible fungi residues, tiling thickness 40-50 centimetres;
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready to be mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran, then add the well water dilution of this mixture 25 times amount, leave standstill 22-26 hours, make zymocyte liquid;
In D, the dried poultrymanure that the zymocyte liquid after leaving standstill evenly is sprinkled into tiling and edible fungi residues, material and zymocyte liquid are stirred;
E, fermentation: the material stack turner being vaccinated with zymocyte liquid is piled long pile, while water phreatic water during the pile of one side, moisture control is between 50%-60%, build with plastics film after heap is good, be convenient to moisture-heat preservation, when the temperature rise of 5-7 days heaps is to more than 55 DEG C, start first time turning, carry out second time turning when piling temperature rise to 65 DEG C after 6-8 days, can reach after 10-15 days state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed, whole process leavening temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C;
F, inoculation function bacterial classification: by function bacterial classification: the function bacterial classification got ready is diluted to function microbial inoculum by phreatic water=1:10 quality proportioning, leave standstill 22-26 hour;
G, function microbial inoculum is evenly sprinkled on the heap after fermentation, Bian Sabian turning, stacks after turning and can use for 4-5 days.
Preferably, containing mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in described every gram of complex micro organism fungicide, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomycetes 10-12 hundred million, yeast 15-18 hundred million.
Described mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, and described genus bacillus refers to subtilis, and described actinomycetes are streptomycete.
Described function bacterial classification comprises antibiotic bacteria, vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Containing antibiotic bacteria 10-15 hundred million, vinelandii 8-12 hundred million, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million, potassium solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million in every gram of function bacterial classification.
Described long pile is trapezoidal buttress, piles high more than 1.0 meters, wide more than 1.5 meters of base heap; When winter environment temperature is lower than 10 degree, trapezoidal buttress heap is high is 1.5 meters, and base heap is wide is 2 meters.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: even the do not need chicken manure of cost and the change of bacterium slag of low cost can be given up as protecting by the present invention, by adding complex micro organism fungicide, function bacterial classification quick fermentation becomes high-quality fertilizer, the viable count of this biological organic fertilizer is high, effectively can repair, improve the Soil structure hardened, and disease-resistant degeneration-resistant effect can be played, technical process is simple, and with short production cycle, product is of high nutritive value, select the dried poultrymanure of water ratio 3%-15%, bacterium slag moisture control is 3%-25%, impact as too wet in chicken manure stirs, and be unfavorable for controlling whole course of fermentation, be blended into well water after being mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran by the complex micro organism fungicide got ready and make zymocyte liquid, fermentation dosage can be strengthened, to be sprinkled into equably in fermentation materials, add water and leave standstill about one day, object allows bacterium breed better, starter is cultivated into zymocyte liquid, Semen Maydis powder or rice bran are that cost is low, flora breeds fast substratum, and containing a large amount of sugared part, Semen Maydis powder or rice bran can provide necessary nutrient for culture propagation, and be convenient to spray, containing crude protein 21.61% in chicken manure, robust fibre 14.3%, crude fat 3.14%, calcium, phosphorus etc., containing soluble sugar 25%, crude protein 8% in bacterium slag, robust fibre 18%, crude fat 1.5%, calcium, phosphorus etc.Containing abundant crude protein in two kinds of raw materials, crude protein fermentation after formed the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus fat and glycolysis after Mierocrystalline cellulose can effectively keep soil from packing together, in bacterium slag can soluble sugar be the prerequisite of biological compost, bacterial classification can be made to breed rapidly at earlier fermentation, and add loosely organized bacterium slag, after can making proportioning, raw material is more fluffy, zymocyte liquid is more easily stirred and opens, be also beneficial to the growth of flora between yeast phase.The stockpile plastics film being vaccinated with composite microbial bacteria is built, is in order to water conservation insulation, penetrates although the seam crossing of plastics film has air, but still air-isolation to a certain extent, form the environment of anaerobically fermenting.At the fermentation initial stage, when stacking is warming up to before 37 DEG C, mainly mould, actinomycetes accelerates multiplication, this two bacterial classification is all aerobic bacterias, mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, the fermentation initial stage, because of turning and fluffy structure in stacking, containing a large amount of oxygen, be the environment that mould-growth provides, can be by during mold fermentation, aspergillus oryzae can produce proteolytic enzyme, cellulase, phytic acid are mould, under the effects such as proteolytic enzyme, crude protein is resolved into the high peptone of nutrition, amino acid, polypeptide, by degradeds such as robust fibre.Actinomycetes are also aerobic bacterias, and its optimal temperature is 27 DEG C-37 DEG C, its amount reproduction, produce the zymins such as proteolytic enzyme, amylase, cellulase, decompose crude protein, robust fibre, and produce a large amount of microbiotic, can suppress there are pathogenic bacterium in raw material.And yeast, milk-acid bacteria at the early stage temperature amount reproduction because being suitable for of fermentation, at ferment middle, when temperature rises to more than 38 DEG C, because the oxygen depletion in stacking reduces, yeast, the lactic bacteria activity of anaerobism strengthen, and because suitable temperature metabolism is vigorous, play leading fermentative action to raw material.The fermentation middle and later periods, during stacking temperature 50 C to 60 DEG C, genus bacillus refers to subtilis raised growth, a large amount of neutral protease can be produced, the free oxygen in heap can be consumed further, lactic acid grade organic acid can be produced, suppress pathogenic bacterium growth, the subtilyne produced in its process of growth, polymyxin, linear gramicidins isoreactivity material, these active substances have restraining effect to the pathogenic bacterium in chicken manure, particularly a large amount of chitinases of its secretion can Antifungi etc., decomposes the hazardous and noxious substances in raw material.The effect of added function bacterial classification is: antibiotic bacteria effectively can suppress the common soil-borne disease of kind more than 30 in soil in soil, plant growth is had to the effect of diseases prevention, a large amount of plant growth regulating substances can be secreted simultaneously, can increasing both production and income, improve crop quality, continuous cropping crop uses and effectively can reduce continuous cropping obstacles; Vinelandii can independently carry out fixed nitrogen, have stronger nitrogen fixing capacity and can secrete growth hormone in soil, promote the growth of plant and the growth of fruit; Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria invalid potassium not absorbed by crops in soil and invalid phosphorus can be converted into can be absorbed by crops available potassium and rapid available phosphorus, to discharge in soil the multiple elements such as silicon, manganese, zinc, molybdenum simultaneously, improve trophic level; Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria produce in crop vital movement the biologically active substances such as Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, phytokinin, indolylacetic acid, can effective stimulus crop growth.
As from the foregoing, above five class bacterial classifications complement one another, and with the mating reaction of 4 kinds of function bacterial classifications, make that raw material is finally fermented into high-quality, that farm crop easily absorb fertilizer: thoroughly can become thoroughly decomposed, stop Secondary Fermentation, burn root burn seedling; Eliminate harmful bacteria, degraded objectionable impurities, without the need to independent spray sterilant; Use conveniently, fertilizer efficiency is high, and the fertilizer after fermentation, is destitute of smell and quality is loose, and after field fertilization, absorbent ventilate strengthens, and organic content is high, and probiotics wherein can play the effect of fixed nitrogen, P and K decomposing, has culture fertility.In fermenting process, temperature controls must not more than 70 DEG C, and the too high bacterial activity of temperature is lost, and the bacterial classification such as yeast, milk-acid bacteria even can become extinct, can not decomposing and fermenting material, and cause burning heap, nutrient is lost.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Each raw material mass mixture ratio of the present embodiment is dried poultrymanure: edible fungi residues: complex micro organism fungicide: Semen Maydis powder or rice bran: function bacterial classification=125:375:0.1:0.5:0.1, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises mould, genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and above bacterial classification is effective viable bacteria; It is by above-mentioned raw materials according to the following steps machining obtain:
A, to get the raw materials ready: after weighing according to above-mentioned each raw materials quality ratio, get various raw material ready;
B, the dried poultrymanure got ready is mixed rear tiling with edible fungi residues, tiling thickness 45 centimetres;
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready to be mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran, then add the well water dilution of this mixture 25 times amount, leave standstill 24 hours, make zymocyte liquid;
In D, the dried poultrymanure that the zymocyte liquid after leaving standstill evenly is sprinkled into tiling and edible fungi residues, material and zymocyte liquid are stirred;
E, fermentation: the material stack turner being vaccinated with zymocyte liquid is piled long pile.While water phreatic water during the pile of one side, moisture control is between 55%, build with plastics film after heap is good, be convenient to moisture-heat preservation, when the temperature rise of 5-7 days heaps is to more than 55 DEG C, start first time turning, when piling temperature rise to 65 DEG C after 6-8 days, carry out second time turning, reached after 12-14 days state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed, whole process leavening temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C;
F, inoculation function bacterial classification: by function bacterial classification: the function bacterial classification got ready is diluted to function microbial inoculum by phreatic water=1:10 quality proportioning, leave standstill 24 hours;
G, function microbial inoculum is evenly sprinkled on the heap after fermentation, Bian Sabian turning, stacks after turning and can use for 4-5 days.
Preferably, containing mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in described every gram of complex micro organism fungicide, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomycetes 10-12 hundred million, yeast 15-18 hundred million.
Described mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, and described genus bacillus refers to subtilis, and described actinomycetes are streptomycete.
Described function bacterial classification comprises antibiotic bacteria, vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Containing antibiotic bacteria 10-15 hundred million, vinelandii 8-12 hundred million, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million, potassium solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million in every gram of function bacterial classification.
Described long pile is trapezoidal buttress, piles high more than 1.0 meters, wide more than 1.5 meters of base heap; When winter environment temperature is lower than 10 degree, trapezoidal buttress heap is high is 1.5 meters, and base heap is wide is 2 meters.
Embodiment two
Each raw material mass mixture ratio of the present embodiment is dried poultrymanure: edible fungi residues: complex micro organism fungicide: Semen Maydis powder or rice bran: function bacterial classification=115:365:0.1:0.5:0.1, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises mould, genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and above bacterial classification is effective viable bacteria; It is by above-mentioned raw materials according to the following steps machining obtain:
A, to get the raw materials ready: after weighing according to above-mentioned each raw materials quality ratio, get various raw material ready;
B, the dried poultrymanure got ready is mixed rear tiling with edible fungi residues, tiling thickness 42 centimetres;
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready to be mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran, then add the well water dilution of this mixture 25 times amount, leave standstill 23 hours, make zymocyte liquid;
In D, the dried poultrymanure that the zymocyte liquid after leaving standstill evenly is sprinkled into tiling and edible fungi residues, material and zymocyte liquid are stirred;
E, fermentation: the material stack turner being vaccinated with zymocyte liquid is piled long pile.While water phreatic water during the pile of one side, moisture control is between 52%, build with plastics film after heap is good, be convenient to moisture-heat preservation, when the temperature rise of 5-7 days heaps is to more than 55 DEG C, start first time turning, when piling temperature rise to 65 DEG C after 6-8 days, carry out second time turning, reached after 13-15 days state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed, whole process leavening temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C;
F, inoculation function bacterial classification: by function bacterial classification: the function bacterial classification got ready is diluted to function microbial inoculum by phreatic water=1:10 quality proportioning, leave standstill 23 hours;
G, function microbial inoculum is evenly sprinkled on the heap after fermentation, Bian Sabian turning, stacks after turning and can use for 4-5 days.
Preferably, containing mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in described every gram of complex micro organism fungicide, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomycetes 10-12 hundred million, yeast 15-18 hundred million.
Described mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, and described genus bacillus refers to subtilis, and described actinomycetes are streptomycete.
Described function bacterial classification comprises antibiotic bacteria, vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Containing antibiotic bacteria 10-15 hundred million, vinelandii 8-12 hundred million, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million, potassium solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million in every gram of function bacterial classification.
Described long pile is trapezoidal buttress, piles high more than 1.0 meters, wide more than 1.5 meters of base heap; When winter environment temperature is lower than 10 degree, trapezoidal buttress heap is high is 1.5 meters, and base heap is wide is 2 meters.
Embodiment three
Each raw material mass mixture ratio of the present embodiment is dried poultrymanure: edible fungi residues: complex micro organism fungicide: Semen Maydis powder or rice bran: function bacterial classification=130:385:0.1:0.5:0.1, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises mould, genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and above bacterial classification is effective viable bacteria; It is by above-mentioned raw materials according to the following steps machining obtain:
A, to get the raw materials ready: after weighing according to above-mentioned each raw materials quality ratio, get various raw material ready;
B, the dried poultrymanure got ready is mixed rear tiling with edible fungi residues, tiling thickness 48 centimetres;
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready to be mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran, then add the well water dilution of this mixture 25 times amount, leave standstill 25 hours, make zymocyte liquid;
In D, the dried poultrymanure that the zymocyte liquid after leaving standstill evenly is sprinkled into tiling and edible fungi residues, material and zymocyte liquid are stirred;
E, fermentation: the material stack turner being vaccinated with zymocyte liquid is piled long pile.While water phreatic water during the pile of one side, moisture control is between 58%, build with plastics film after heap is good, be convenient to moisture-heat preservation, when the temperature rise of 5-7 days heaps is to more than 55 DEG C, start first time turning, when piling temperature rise to 65 DEG C after 6-8 days, carry out second time turning, reached after 12-14 days state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed, whole process leavening temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C;
F, inoculation function bacterial classification: by function bacterial classification: the function bacterial classification got ready is diluted to function microbial inoculum by phreatic water=1:10 quality proportioning, leave standstill 25 hours;
G, function microbial inoculum is evenly sprinkled on the heap after fermentation, Bian Sabian turning, stacks after turning and can use for 4-5 days.
Preferably, containing mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in described every gram of complex micro organism fungicide, the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomycetes 10-12 hundred million, yeast 15-18 hundred million.
Described mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, and described genus bacillus refers to subtilis, and described actinomycetes are streptomycete.
Described function bacterial classification comprises antibiotic bacteria, vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
Containing antibiotic bacteria 10-15 hundred million, vinelandii 8-12 hundred million, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million, potassium solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million in every gram of function bacterial classification.
Described long pile is trapezoidal buttress, piles high more than 1.0 meters, wide more than 1.5 meters of base heap; When winter environment temperature is lower than 10 degree, trapezoidal buttress heap is high is 1.5 meters, and base heap is wide is 2 meters.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure transformation utilizing description of the present invention to do, or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a biological organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the quality proportioning of its each raw material is dried poultrymanure: edible fungi residues: complex micro organism fungicide: Semen Maydis powder or rice bran: function bacterial classification=110-140:390-360:0.1:0.5:0.1, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises mould, genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and above bacterial classification is effective viable bacteria; It is by above-mentioned raw materials according to the following steps machining obtain:
A, to get the raw materials ready: after weighing according to above-mentioned each raw materials quality ratio, get various raw material ready;
B, the dried poultrymanure got ready is mixed rear tiling with edible fungi residues, tiling thickness 40-50 centimetres;
C, the complex micro organism fungicide got ready to be mixed with Semen Maydis powder or rice bran, then add the well water dilution of this mixture 25 times amount, leave standstill 22-26 hours, make zymocyte liquid;
In D, the dried poultrymanure that the zymocyte liquid after leaving standstill evenly is sprinkled into tiling and edible fungi residues, material and zymocyte liquid are stirred;
E, fermentation: the material stack turner being vaccinated with zymocyte liquid is piled long pile, while water phreatic water during the pile of one side, moisture control is between 50%-60%, build with plastics film after heap is good, be convenient to moisture-heat preservation, when the temperature rise of 5-7 days heaps is to more than 55 DEG C, start first time turning, carry out second time turning when piling temperature rise to 65 DEG C after 6-8 days, can reach after 10-15 days state of substantially becoming thoroughly decomposed, whole process leavening temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C;
F, inoculation function bacterial classification: by function bacterial classification: the function bacterial classification got ready is diluted to function microbial inoculum by phreatic water=1:10 quality proportioning, leave standstill 22-26 hour;
G, function microbial inoculum is evenly sprinkled on the heap after fermentation, Bian Sabian turning, stacks after turning and can use for 4-5 days.
2. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, containing mould 500,000,000-8 hundred million in described every gram of complex micro organism fungicide, and the effective viable bacteria 12-15 hundred million of genus bacillus, milk-acid bacteria 15-18 hundred million, actinomycetes 10-12 hundred million, yeast 15-18 hundred million.
3. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described mould is mucormycosis, aspergillus oryzae, and described genus bacillus refers to subtilis, and described actinomycetes are streptomycete.
4. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described function bacterial classification comprises antibiotic bacteria, vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria.
5. the biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, containing antibiotic bacteria 10-15 hundred million, vinelandii 8-12 hundred million, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million, potassium solubilizing bacteria 8-12 hundred million in every gram of function bacterial classification.
6. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described long pile is trapezoidal buttress, piles high more than 1.0 meters, wide more than 1.5 meters of base heap; When winter environment temperature is lower than 10 degree, trapezoidal buttress heap is high is 1.5 meters, and base heap is wide is 2 meters.
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