CN104725587A - 一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂及其应用和使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了聚氨酯保温层修复剂及其应用和使用方法,该修复剂其包括重量比为1:1~1:1.2的甲组分和乙组分,甲组分包括重量份数的:聚醚多元醇A30-50份、聚醚多元醇B25-35份、聚醚多元醇C5-10份、苯酐聚酯多元醇10-25份、表面活性剂2.0-3.0份、化学发泡剂1.0-2.0份、催化剂I0.3-0.7份、催化剂II0.3-0.5份、催化剂III0.8-1.5份、物理发泡剂10-25份和阻燃剂5-15份;乙组分为异氰酸酯。该聚氨酯保温层修复剂所形成的聚氨酯泡沫性能优异,使用后修复处的聚氨酯泡沫强度及导热系数可以达到与被破坏前相同的保温效果。该使用方法适合手工操作,简单易行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂及其应用和使用方法。
背景技术
作为目前性能最好的保温材料之一,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的泡孔以闭孔为主,具有极低的导热系数、较低的密度、一定的强度和硬度,电学性能、隔声抗震效果优良,经过添加剂处理,又能提高阻燃性、耐水性、耐腐蚀性,广泛应用于汽车、建筑、冰箱、家具、包装、造船、石油化工等行业。由于其极低的导热系数和耐水性以及密度小、比强度高、易切割等特点,其应用在冰箱、冷藏柜的保温,建筑业上屋顶墙体窗户地面管道等的保温,工业上水、水蒸气等管道的保温、保冷方面的优势是其它传统材料无法比拟的。
如今,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料已经在冰箱冷柜等家用电器上广泛应用,由于生产模式的局限,在发泡过程中一部分电子元件被包在聚氨酯保温层里面,当这部分电子元件出现损坏时,通常要挖开一部分保温层来进行更换。在更换后,由于保温层被破坏,电器相应的保温效果会变差,达不到维修之前的效果。现有技术中,保温层一旦被破坏,若破坏面积较小,则可能不会进行修复;若破坏面积较大,通常使用聚氨酯泡沫原料组合物来进行修复,但是市场上现有产品品质参差不齐,经过修补后,保温性能的下降较为严重,而一般用于生产冰箱保温层的聚氨酯原料组合物,由于工艺方面原因,例如发泡速度太快,来不及进行手工操作,且发泡后密度太低,修复时没有过填充量,达不到原有泡沫的强度,因此,不适用于保温层的修复。
因此,需要一种便于操作的保温层修复剂,当进行完电器内部元件更换后,可以及时的修复保温层,达到与修复之前相同的保温效果。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术中的聚氨酯保温层在破坏后难以起到保温作用、且现有的聚氨酯原料组合物难以进行其修复,或者修复后保温性能会大幅下降的缺陷,提供了一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂及其应用和使用方法。本发明的聚氨酯保温层修复剂使用方便,所形成的聚氨酯泡沫性能优异,在用于修复破损的家用电器的保温层后,修复处的聚氨酯泡沫强度及导热系数可以达到与被破坏前相同的保温效果。本发明的使用方法适合手工操作,简单易行。
本发明通过以下技术方案解决上述技术问题。
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其包括重量比为1:1~1:1.2的甲组分和乙组分,所述的甲组分包括下述重量份数的组分:聚醚多元醇A30-50份、聚醚多元醇B25-35份、聚醚多元醇C5-10份、苯酐聚酯多元醇10-25份、表面活性剂2.0-3.0份、化学发泡剂1.0-2.0份、催化剂I0.3-0.7份、催化剂II0.3-0.5份、催化剂III0.8-1.5份、物理发泡剂10-25份和阻燃剂5-15份;所述的乙组分为异氰酸酯;
其中,聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C和聚醚多元醇D的总重量份数为100份;所述聚醚多元醇A为以山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇A满足下述指标:官能度为5-6,羟值为440-480mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为12000-16000mPa·s;所述聚醚多元醇B为以蔗糖为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇B满足下述指标:官能度为4-5,羟值为430-470mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为7000-9000mPa·s;所述聚醚多元醇C为以丙二醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇C满足下述指标:官能度为2、羟值为270-290mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为60-80mPa·s;苯酐聚酯多元醇满足下述指标:官能度为2,羟值为300-330mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为2000-3000mPa·s。
其中,所述聚醚多元醇A可为本领域常规的以山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,只要所述聚醚多元醇A满足上述指标即可。所述的聚醚多元醇A较佳地为烟台昌枫化工有限公司生产的聚醚多元醇NJ6207、山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产的聚醚多元醇SA460和河北亚东化工集团有限公司生产的聚醚多元醇YD600中的一种或多种。
其中,所述聚醚多元醇B可为本领域常规的以蔗糖为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,只要所述聚醚多元醇B满足上述指标即可。所述的聚醚多元醇B较佳地为山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产的聚醚多元醇SU450L。
其中,所述的聚醚多元醇C可为本领域常规的以丙二醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,只要所述聚醚多元醇C满足上述指标即可。所述的聚醚多元醇C较佳地为山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产的聚醚多元醇DL400和/或烟台昌枫化工有限公司生产的聚醚多元醇NJ204。
其中,所述苯酐聚酯多元醇可为本领域常规的苯酐聚酯多元醇,只要所述苯酐聚酯多元醇满足上述指标即可。所述的苯酐聚酯多元醇较佳地为南京金陵斯泰潘化学有限公司生产的苯酐聚酯多元醇PS3152。
其中,所述的表面活性剂可为本领域常规使用的表面活性剂,一般可为硅酮类表面活性剂和/或非硅酮类表面活性剂。所述的表面活性剂较佳地为赢创德固赛(中国)投资有限公司生产的表面活性剂B8525和/或空气化工产品公司生产的表面活性剂Dabco LK443。
其中,所述的催化剂I、所述的催化剂II和所述的催化剂III分别独立地可为本领域常规使用的胺类或金属类催化剂。所述的催化剂I较佳地为胺类凝胶型催化剂。所述的催化剂I更佳地为N,N-二甲基环己胺和/或空气化工产品公司生产的催化剂DABCO BX405。所述的催化剂II较佳地为胺类三聚催化剂,更佳地为1,3,5-三(二甲氨基丙基)-六氢三嗪和/或空气化工产品公司生产的催化剂TMR-2。所述的催化剂III较佳地为胺类凝胶型催化剂,更佳地为N,N-二甲基苄胺。
其中,所述的化学发泡剂可为本领域常规使用的化学发泡剂,较佳地为水,更佳地为去离子水。
其中,所述的物理发泡剂可为本领域常规使用的物理发泡剂,较佳地包括低沸点烃类化合物、氢化氟氯烃(HCFC)类发泡剂、戊烷型发泡剂和氢化氟烷烃(HFC)类发泡剂中的一种或多种,更佳地为HCFC类发泡剂和/或戊烷型发泡剂,最佳地为发泡剂HCFC-141b和/或环戊烷。
其中,所述的阻燃剂可为本领域常规使用的固体阻燃剂和/或液体阻燃剂,较佳地为液体阻燃剂。所述的液体阻燃剂主要为不含羟基的磷酸酯和/或卤代磷酸酯类有机化合物,较佳地为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯(TCEP)、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)、三(1,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯、三(2,3-二溴丙基)磷酸酯、四(2-氯乙基)亚乙基二磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯(DMMP)、乙基磷酸二乙酯、丙基磷酸二甲酯、磷酸三异丙基苯酯、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸二苯甲苯酯中的一种或多种,更佳地为TCEP、TCPP、DMMP和TEP中的一种或两种或多种。
其中,所述的异氰酸酯可为本领域常规使用的异氰酸酯,如二异氰酸酯和/或多异氰酸酯,较佳地为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯,又称聚合MDI。所述的异氰酸酯更佳地为烟台万华聚氨酯股份有限公司生产的异氰酸酯PM200、拜耳材料科技(中国)有限公司生产的异氰酸酯44V20、巴斯夫(BASF)公司生产的异氰酸酯M20S、日本聚氨酯工业株式会社(NPU)生产的异氰酸酯MR200和亨斯迈公司生产的异氰酸酯5005中的一种或多种。
按照本领域常识,本发明的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,在使用前,如储存、运输等过程中,需将甲组分和乙组分分开存放,在使用时再进行混合。本发明的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其中的甲组分,可以将甲组分中的各个组分可以按常规方式混合得到,如采用物理搅拌的方式。
本发明还提供了所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂在修复家用电器中的聚氨酯保温层中的应用。
本发明还提供了所述聚氨酯保温层修复剂的使用方法,其包括下述步骤:将所述聚氨酯保温层修复剂中的甲组分和乙组分混合均匀,然后加入待修复的家用电器保温层的缝隙中,熟化后即可。
其中,所述混合的方法和条件可为本领域常规的方法和条件,以混合均匀为准。所述的混合较佳地采用物理搅拌的方式进行。所述物理搅拌的搅拌转速较佳地为2000-3000转/分。
其中,所述熟化的方法和条件可为本领域常规的方法和条件。所述熟化的时间较佳地为5-10分钟。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:
本发明的聚氨酯保温层修复剂使用方便,所形成的聚氨酯泡沫性能优异,在用于修复破损的家用电器的保温层后,可以使保温层达到与被破坏前相同的保温效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
下述实施例中,所使用原料来源为:
聚醚多元醇NJ6207和聚醚多元醇NJ204:烟台昌枫化工有限公司生产;
聚醚多元醇SA460、聚醚多元醇SU450L和聚醚多元醇DL400:山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司生产;
聚醚多元醇YD600:河北亚东化工集团有限公司生产;
苯酐聚酯多元醇PS3152:南京金陵斯泰潘化学有限公司生产;
表面活性剂B8525:赢创德固赛(中国)投资有限公司生产;
表面活性剂Dabco LK443:空气化工产品公司生产;
催化剂Dabco BX405:空气化工产品公司生产;
催化剂TMR-2:空气化工产品公司生产;
异氰酸酯PM200:烟台万华聚氨酯股份有限公司生产。
实施例1-4
实施例1-4的聚氨酯保温层修复剂的具体组分见下表1。表1中,各数值所代表的均为重量份数。
实施例1中,聚醚多元醇A为:聚醚多元醇NJ6207;聚醚多元醇B为:聚醚多元醇SU450L;聚醚多元醇C为:聚醚多元醇DL400。
实施例2中,聚醚多元醇A为:聚醚多元醇SA460;聚醚多元醇B为:聚醚多元醇SU450L;聚醚多元醇C为:聚醚多元醇NJ204。
实施例3中,聚醚多元醇A为:聚醚多元醇YD600;聚醚多元醇B为:聚醚多元醇SU450L;聚醚多元醇C为:聚醚多元醇DL400。
实施例4中,聚醚多元醇A为:聚醚多元醇NJ6207;聚醚多元醇B为:聚醚多元醇SU450L;聚醚多元醇C为:聚醚多元醇NJ204。
各实施例中,将除异氰酸酯以外的组分混合均匀,即得甲组分,异氰酸酯PM200为乙组分,在使用前,将甲组分和乙组分分开存放。
表1
聚氨酯保温层修复剂中的各组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 |
聚醚多元醇A | 30 | 40 | 50 | 45 |
聚醚多元醇B | 35 | 30 | 25 | 35 |
聚醚多元醇C | 10 | 7 | 5 | 10 |
苯酐聚酯多元醇PS3152 | 25 | 23 | 20 | 10 |
表面活性剂B8525 | 2.5 | 2 | 1 | 1.5 |
表面活性剂Dabco LK443 | - | 0.5 | 2 | 1 |
催化剂Dabco BX405 | - | 0.5 | 0.4 | - |
N,N-二甲基环己胺 | 0.3 | - | - | 0.7 |
1,3,5-三(二甲氨基丙基)-六氢三嗪 | - | 0.5 | - | 0.3 |
催化剂TMR-2 | 0.4 | - | 0.4 | - |
N,N-二甲基苄胺 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
去离子水 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.3 |
发泡剂HCFC-141b | - | 25 | 15 | 25 |
环戊烷 | 10 | - | - | - |
TCEP | - | - | - | 15 |
TCPP | 10 | - | - | - |
DMMP | - | 5 | - | - |
TEP | - | - | 5 | - |
异氰酸酯PM200 | 125.8 | 149.05 | 152.76 | 153.3 |
实施例5-8
聚氨酯保温层修复剂的使用方法,其包括下述步骤:
分别将实施例1-4中的聚氨酯保温层修复剂中的甲组分和乙组分于密闭容器中混合,采用电动搅拌器搅拌8秒钟将其混合至均匀,搅拌转速见表2,将搅拌后的液体倒入家用电器保温层的缝隙中(缺损部位),熟化后即可;熟化时间见表2。
表2
效果实施例
将实施例1-4的原料制成聚氨酯泡沫,并且进行性能比较,测试结果见下表3。表3中,“市售产品”为一市售的修复冰箱保温层样品,“生产冰箱时使用的产品”为上海东大聚氨酯有限公司的型号为DJD-103Y的组合聚醚所制成的样品,“冰箱上取下的聚氨酯泡沫”为修复时挖除的聚氨酯泡沫样品。
表3
自由泡沫密度kg/m3 | 压缩强度KPa | 导热系数W/m.K | |
市售产品 | 40 | 210 | 0.0250 |
生产冰箱时使用的产品 | 25 | 130 | 0.0230 |
冰箱上取下的聚氨酯泡沫 | 36.0 | 245 | 0.0206 |
实施例1 | 36.2 | 220 | 0.0214 |
实施例2 | 37.5 | 213 | 0.0221 |
实施例3 | 35.8 | 234 | 0.0219 |
实施例4 | 36.6 | 225 | 0.0212 |
从上表3的性能比较中可以看出,本发明所得的聚氨酯泡沫与市面上现有产品及正常生产冰箱的原料相比较,在密度、压缩强度和导热系数等性能上与冰箱上面取下的聚氨酯泡沫更为接近,修复后能够实现很好的保温效果。
Claims (10)
1.一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,其包括重量比为1:1~1:1.2的甲组分和乙组分,所述的甲组分包括下述重量份数的组分:聚醚多元醇A30-50份、聚醚多元醇B25-35份、聚醚多元醇C5-10份、苯酐聚酯多元醇10-25份、表面活性剂2.0-3.0份、化学发泡剂1.0-2.0份、催化剂I0.3-0.7份、催化剂II0.3-0.5份、催化剂III0.8-1.5份、物理发泡剂10-25份和阻燃剂5-15份;所述的乙组分为异氰酸酯;
其中,聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、聚醚多元醇C和聚醚多元醇D的总重量份数为100份;所述聚醚多元醇A为以山梨醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇A满足下述指标:官能度为5-6,羟值为440-480mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为12000-16000mPa·s;所述聚醚多元醇B为以蔗糖为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇B满足下述指标:官能度为4-5,羟值为430-470mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为7000-9000mPa·s;所述聚醚多元醇C为以丙二醇为起始剂的聚醚多元醇,所述聚醚多元醇C满足下述指标:官能度为2、羟值为270-290mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为60-80mPa·s;苯酐聚酯多元醇满足下述指标:官能度为2,羟值为300-330mgKOH/g,25℃下的粘度为2000-3000mPa·s。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述聚醚多元醇A为聚醚多元醇NJ6207、聚醚多元醇SA460和聚醚多元醇YD600中的一种或多种;和/或,所述的聚醚多元醇B为聚醚多元醇SU450L;和/或,所述的聚醚多元醇C为聚醚多元醇DL400和/或聚醚多元醇NJ204;和/或,所述的苯酐聚酯多元醇为苯酐聚酯多元醇PS3152。
3.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述的表面活性剂为表面活性剂B8525和/或表面活性剂Dabco LK443;和/或,所述的催化剂I为胺类凝胶型催化剂,所述的催化剂II为胺类三聚催化剂,所述的催化剂III为胺类凝胶型催化剂;和/或,所述的化学发泡剂为水。
4.如权利要求3所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述的催化剂I为N,N-二甲基环己胺和/或催化剂DABCO BX405,所述的催化剂II为1,3,5-三(二甲氨基丙基)-六氢三嗪和/或催化剂TMR-2,所述的催化剂III为N,N-二甲基苄胺;和/或,所述化学发泡剂为去离子水。
5.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述的物理发泡剂包括低沸点烃类化合物、氢化氟氯烃类发泡剂、戊烷型发泡剂和氢化氟烷烃类发泡剂中的一种或多种;和/或,所述的阻燃剂为液体阻燃剂;和/或,所述的异氰酸酯为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
6.如权利要求5所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述的物理发泡剂为氢化氟烷烃类发泡剂和/或戊烷型发泡剂;和/或,所述的阻燃剂为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、三(1,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯、三(2,3-二溴丙基)磷酸酯、四(2-氯乙基)亚乙基二磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯、乙基磷酸二乙酯、丙基磷酸二甲酯、磷酸三异丙基苯酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯和磷酸二苯甲苯酯中的一种或多种;和/或,所述的异氰酸酯为异氰酸酯PM200、异氰酸酯44V20、异氰酸酯M20S、异氰酸酯MR200和异氰酸酯5005中的一种或多种。
7.如权利要求6所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂,其特征在于,所述的物理发泡剂为发泡剂HCFC-141b和/或环戊烷;和/或,所述的阻燃剂为三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯、三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、甲基磷酸二甲酯和磷酸三乙酯中的一种或两种或多种。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的聚氨酯保温层修复剂在修复家用电器中的聚氨酯保温层中的应用。
9.一种如权利要求1-7中任一项所述聚氨酯保温层修复剂的使用方法,其特征在于,其包括下述步骤:将所述聚氨酯保温层修复剂中的甲组分和乙组分混合均匀,然后加入待修复的家用电器保温层的缝隙中,熟化后即可。
10.如权利要求9所述的使用方法,其特征在于,所述的混合采用物理搅拌的方式进行,所述物理搅拌的搅拌转速为2000-3000转/分;和/或,所述熟化的时间为5-10分钟。
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CN108164739B (zh) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-11-24 | 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 | 一种快速脱模聚氨酯组合聚醚、聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法 |
CN109912964A (zh) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-21 | 张宏春 | 一种聚氨酯保温层修复剂 |
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