CN104717025A - Method for testing coexisting co-located stray index of active antenna system - Google Patents
Method for testing coexisting co-located stray index of active antenna system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing a coexisting co-located stray index of an active antenna system. The testing method comprises the steps that an environment calibration parameter is obtained through calibration of an established testing environment, and a tester arranges the active antenna system in the testing environment obtaining the calibration parameter, adjusts the system to be tested, enables the active antenna system to transmit wireless wave beams, transmits the wireless wave beams to a receiving antenna through space and determines the coexisting co-located stray index of the active antenna system according to a signal received by the receiving antenna and the testing environment calibration parameter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless index testing of an active antenna system, in particular to a method for testing a coexisting co-located stray index of the active antenna system.
Background
The active antenna system is different from the conventional wireless base station, and integrates a multi-channel digital intermediate frequency processing module, a multi-channel analog transceiver module and an antenna array as shown in fig. 1, thereby having many advantages. Firstly, the active antenna system saves the installation area of an external field of the antenna, and reduces the labor cost investment of installation and maintenance; secondly, the active antenna system divides the transceiving channels into the level of antenna elements, so that radio frequency jumpers between a multi-channel transceiver (comprising a multi-channel digital intermediate frequency processing module and a multi-channel analog transceiving module) and the antenna are saved, and unnecessary power loss is eliminated; thirdly, through different configurations of the antenna elements of the active antenna system, the functions of beam flexible control, Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) and the like can be realized, and more flexible dynamic resource configuration and sharing are completed, so that the goal of optimal performance and lowest cost of the whole network is achieved.
Because the multi-channel transceiver and the antenna array are integrated in the active antenna system, the interface between the multi-channel transceiver and the antenna array becomes the internal interface of the system, and the only external interface is the antenna radiation interface. In the traditional active antenna system test, an active part and a passive part are separated, two test contents, namely a conduction test of a multichannel transceiver of the active part and a radiation field test of an antenna array of the passive part, are respectively carried out, the integrity of the active antenna system is damaged, and the performance index test of the passive part cannot be realized by accurately calculating and configuring the weight (the amplitude and the phase of a signal) of each antenna element through the active part.
To avoid The limitations of conventional active antenna system testing, over The air (ota) testing methods and apparatus have been introduced in active antenna system testing. The testing method and the testing device are based on the definition of EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power), and all downlink testing items can be uniformly measured on the basis. Under the realistic condition of frequency band intensive distribution, the stray interference generated by a plurality of communication systems (a plurality of working frequency bands) when sharing a cell or a base station, namely the coexisting co-location stray influences the communication quality to a great extent. However, the foregoing testing method and apparatus are only suitable for testing downlink wireless performance indexes at a single frequency point or within a certain working bandwidth, and cannot correctly measure the broadband stray indexes when multiple systems (multiple frequency bands) coexist, such as coexisting co-located stray.
For an active antenna system, the signal is synthesized in space by multiple channels, so the generated spur (co-located spur is a kind of spur) is composed of correlated spur and uncorrelated spur. For uncorrelated spurs, the level of spurs formed in space presents multidirectional uniform distribution; for the correlated spurs, the distribution of the spur levels formed in the space is related to the correlation degree of each channel signal in practical application. The level distribution of the stray in the space cannot be estimated according to the stray performance of the main beam direction. Therefore, when measuring the transmission coexistence co-located spurious characteristic of the active antenna system, the performance index of the coexistence co-located spurious in the non-main beam direction must be tested in addition to the performance index of the coexistence co-located spurious in the main beam direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for testing the coexisting co-located stray performance index of an active antenna system, and solve the problem that the existing testing method and device can not comprehensively test the coexisting co-located stray performance index of the wide frequency band of the active antenna system.
The invention provides a method for testing the coexisting co-location stray performance index of an active antenna system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
testing environment calibration to obtain environment calibration parameters;
setting an active antenna system in a test environment in which environment calibration parameters are obtained;
the active antenna system transmits a wireless beam;
measuring a wireless beam signal received by a receiving antenna;
and determining the performance index of the coexisting co-located spurious emission of the active antenna system according to the environment calibration parameters and the measured values of the wireless beam signals received by the receiving antenna.
The method can comprehensively test the coexisting co-location stray performance index of the active antenna system in a wide frequency band, and realize accurate and comprehensive measurement of the performance of the active antenna system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active antenna system architecture;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing coexisting co-located spurious indicators in an active antenna system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the first test environment calibration method;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a first test environment calibration method;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the second test environment calibration method;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a second test environment calibration method;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the coexisting co-located spurious emission indicator testing method of the active antenna system;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for testing co-located spur indicators in the main beam direction of an active antenna system;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for testing co-located spur indicators in the non-main beam direction of an active antenna system.
Detailed Description
On the basis of the concept of coexisting co-located spurs, the invention provides a calculation method of EIRPs (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power of Spurious equivalent omnidirectional Spurious radiation Power) by combining the definition of EIRP, and specifically is the sum of the stray Power of an active antenna system at an antenna feeder and the absolute gain of a stray frequency point of an antenna array in a given direction. Is expressed by the formula as follows,
EIRPs(dBm)=Ps(dBm)+Gs(dBi) （1）
wherein Ps is the stray power of the active antenna system at the antenna feed port;
and Gs is the absolute gain of the antenna array of the stray frequency point in a given direction.
In the invention, a tester sets the active antenna system in a test environment in which calibration parameters can be obtained, adjusts the system to be tested to enable the active antenna system to emit wireless beams which are transmitted to a receiving antenna through space, and determines the coexisting co-location stray performance index of the active antenna system according to signals received by the receiving antenna and the calibration parameters of the test environment.
The testing method of the scheme is shown in fig. 2 and mainly comprises the following steps:
s201, calibrating the test environment to obtain calibration parameters.
S202, adjusting the active antenna system and the receiving antenna in the calibrated test environment to obtain test data.
And S203, obtaining a coexisting co-located stray index by using the obtained test data and the environmental calibration parameters.
Since the test environment needs to be created first, calibration parameters are generated in the corresponding test environment, and the following describes the establishment of the test environment and the obtaining of the calibration parameters of the test environment with reference to the drawings.
The test environment is established as shown in figure 3. In a wave-absorbing darkroom or a test field environment 301 with no signal interference, a broadband gain reference antenna 302 is mounted on an antenna turntable 306 and is connected with a first port of a vector network analyzer 308 through a radio-frequency cable 304, and a receiving antenna 303 is mounted on an antenna bracket 307 and is connected with a second port of the vector network analyzer 308 through a radio-frequency cable 305.
After the test environment is built according to fig. 3, the environment calibration is performed according to the processing flow of fig. 4:
in step S401, the tester adjusts the antenna turntable 306 and the antenna support 307 so that the broadband gain reference antenna 302 is aligned with the receiving antenna 303 in the forward direction.
Step S402, the tester reads out the insertion loss S21 of the test environment in the coexisting co-located stray frequency band to be tested through the vector network analyzer 308, and records S21 as a function of frequency.
S21 is the insertion loss of port one to port two of the vector network analyzer 308.
In step S403, an environmental calibration parameter is obtained.
S21=Gt-Lx-Ls-Ly+Gh=（-Ls+Gh-Ly）+Gt–Lx （2）
Wherein,
gt is the gain of the broadband gain reference antenna;
ly is the insertion loss of the radio frequency cable 304;
lx is the insertion loss of the radio frequency cable 305;
ls is the spatial path loss in the test environment.
Gh is the gain of the receiving antenna;
in the above formula, measured at S21, Gt is the standard gain of the broadband gain reference antenna, which can be known from the specification or nameplate of the antenna, and Lx can be measured with a measuring instrument on site.
ΔPc=-Ls+Gh-Ly=S21-Gt+Lx （3）
This parameter, Δ Pc, is the calibration parameter for the test environment (including space loss, cable differential loss, receive antenna gain, etc.) under a particular test environment, and is a function of frequency.
If the working frequency band of one broadband gain reference antenna can cover the frequency band of the coexisting co-located stray to be detected, only one broadband gain reference antenna is needed; if the frequency band of the coexistence co-site spurs to be detected cannot be covered, a plurality of gain reference antennas are needed to form a broadband gain reference antenna, and all working frequency bands of the plurality of gain reference antennas can cover the frequency band of the coexistence co-site spurs to be detected. If N gain reference antennas are used, the working frequency ranges are respectively from 1 to N, and all the working frequency ranges can cover all the frequency ranges of the coexisting co-located strays to be detected. In the calibration process of the test environment, a first gain reference antenna (frequency band 1) is used first, and steps S401 to S403 are executed, where Gt is the gain of the current gain reference antenna, and a calibration parameter Δ Pc1 corresponding to the frequency band 1 is obtained. And then, using other gain reference antennas (frequency band 2-frequency band N) in sequence, and repeatedly executing the steps S401-S403 to obtain calibration parameters delta Pc 2-delta PcN corresponding to other frequency bands. And performing interpolation fitting on the delta Pc 1-delta PcN to finally obtain an environmental calibration parameter delta Pc curve of the coexisting co-located spurious frequency band to be detected.
The vector network analyzer in the test environment described above can be replaced with a signal source and a spectrum analyzer. The test environment is established as shown in fig. 5. In a wave-absorbing dark room or a vacant test field environment 301 without signal interference, a broadband gain reference antenna 302 is arranged on an antenna rotary table 306 and is connected with a signal source 508 through a radio frequency cable 304, and the other end of the broadband gain reference antenna is arranged on an antenna support 307 and is connected to a spectrum analyzer 509 through a radio frequency cable 305.
After the test environment is built according to fig. 5, the environment calibration is performed according to the processing flow of fig. 6:
in step S601, the tester adjusts the turntable 306 and the antenna support 307 so that the gain reference antenna 302 and the receiving antenna 303 are aligned in the forward direction.
In step S602, the tester sets the signal source 508 as a continuous analog signal with a certain power, and performs a step sweep frequency at a certain frequency within the coexisting co-located spurious frequency band to be tested, and receives the signal through the receiving antenna 303 at the other end and inputs the signal to the spectrum analyzer 509.
In step S603, the spectrum analyzer 509 measures the reception power and records the power value as a discrete function of frequency.
Step S604, analyzing the recorded data, and calculating the method as follows:
Pg-Px=-Lx+Gt-Ls+Gh–Ly=(-Ls+Gh-Ly)+Gt–Lx （4）
wherein,
px is the power value of the continuous analog signal output by signal source 408 as a function of frequency;
pg is the power value of the spectrum analyzer 409 as a function of frequency;
in equation (3), Pg and Px are read in real time by a meter, Gt is the standard gain of a broadband gain reference antenna, which can be known from the specification or nameplate of the antenna, Lx can be measured on site by using a measuring instrument,
ΔPc’=(-Ls+Gh-Ly)=Pg–Px-Gt+Lx （5）
this results in a calibration parameter Δ Pc for the link (including spatial loss, cable differential loss, receive antenna gain, etc.) in the test environment, which is a discrete function of frequency.
Step S605, performing discrete point interpolation fitting on Δ Pc' to obtain a Δ Pc curve, which is a continuous function of frequency, and this parameter is a calibration parameter for performing the active antenna coexistence co-located spurious performance test in the test environment.
The broadband gain reference antenna 302 in fig. 5 may also be one or more.
There are various methods for obtaining the calibration parameters of the wave-absorbing dark room or the open test field without signal interference, and the method is not limited to the method described in the above embodiment, and the calibration parameters measured before or the calibration parameters Δ Pc estimated according to experience may also be used.
In a calibrated test environment, the tester replaces the gain reference antenna with an active antenna system 702 mounted on the antenna turntable 306 and connected to a baseband processing unit 708 by an optical fiber 704, as shown in FIG. 7.
The test procedure is described below in conjunction with fig. 8. As shown in fig. 8, the test procedure includes:
step S801, the active antenna system and the baseband processing unit are started and start to work, and the tester adjusts the system to be tested, so that the active antenna system is in a transmission mode, and transmits a fixed-pointing wireless beam.
Step S802, the tester adjusts the antenna turntable to make the active antenna system and the receiving antenna reach the best pointing direction (main beam direction) and polarization alignment in horizontal and elevation.
Step S803, the tester configures parameters of the active antenna system to enable the active antenna system to generate carrier signals of different systems (GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, LTE, etc.), and the active antenna system generates spatial beams.
And step S804, the tester reads the power value Pg of the coexisting co-located stray frequency point through the spectrum analyzer and records the power value Pg as a function of frequency.
The recorded Pg is the gain of the active antenna system obtained by the transmitting antenna array at the stray power of the antenna feed port (the active antenna system is connected with the baseband processing unit by the optical fiber in the testing link, the optical fiber link is not attenuated), the attenuation is carried out by the spatial transmission, and the gain of the receiving antenna and the attenuated power of the cable are expressed by a formula as follows:
Pg=Ps+Gs+（-Ls+Gh-Ly）=Ps+Gs+ΔPc （6）
the calculation method of EIRPs is as follows:
EIRPs=Ps+Gs=Pg-ΔPc （7）
the EIRPs of the main beam direction, which is a function of frequency, can be calculated by the above formula. Therefore, the test of the coexisting co-location and stray performance of the main beam direction of the active antenna system can be realized.
When the coexisting co-located stray index in the non-main beam direction is tested, a test environment is also set up as shown in fig. 7.
The test procedure is described below in conjunction with fig. 9. As shown in fig. 9, the test procedure includes:
step S901, a tester horizontally (or vertically) places the active antenna system on an antenna turntable, adjusts the system to be tested, so that the active antenna system and the baseband processing unit are started and normally operate, configures parameters so that the active antenna system is in a transmission mode, and transmits a fixed-pointing wireless beam.
Step S902, the tester adjusts the antenna turntable, so that the active antenna system and the receiving antenna reach the optimal pointing direction (main beam direction) in the horizontal and pitching directions and the polarization is aligned, thereby ensuring that the measurement power value Pg of the spectrum analyzer at the signal frequency point is the maximum.
Step S903, the tester configures the parameters of the active antenna system to enable the active antenna system to generate carrier signals of different systems (GSM, CDMA, WCDMA or LTE, etc.), and the active antenna system generates space beams.
Step S904, the test turntable is rotated (clockwise or counterclockwise) in the vertical directional diagram (or horizontal directional diagram) plane of the active antenna, the power value Pg of the coexisting co-located spurious frequency point is measured by the spectrum analyzer, and is recorded as a function of frequency and angle, and EIRPs in the vertical plane (or horizontal plane) non-main beam direction of the active antenna system, which is a function of frequency and angle, can be calculated by formula (7). Therefore, the coexisting co-located stray performance test of the non-main beam direction of the active antenna system can be realized.
While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that it is intended by the appended drawings and description that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Also, features of the embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing co-located spurious performance indicators of an active antenna system, the method comprising:
testing environment calibration to obtain environment calibration parameters;
setting an active antenna system in a test environment in which environment calibration parameters are obtained;
the active antenna system transmits a wireless beam;
measuring a wireless beam signal received by a receiving antenna;
and determining the coexisting co-located spurious performance index of the active antenna system according to the environment calibration parameter and the measured value of the wireless beam signal received by the receiving antenna.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the CoC spur performance indicator is a full-band CoC spur performance indicator of an active antenna system.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the test environment is: wave-absorbing darkroom or empty testing environment without signal interference.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said test environment calibration comprises:
arranging a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna in the test field, wherein the transmitting antenna is connected to a first port of the vector network analyzer through a radio frequency cable, and the receiving antenna is connected to a second port of the vector network analyzer through the radio frequency cable;
adjusting the rotary table to enable the main beam of the transmitting antenna to be aligned with the receiving antenna in the forward direction;
obtaining the insertion loss of the whole calibration system in the coexisting co-located stray frequency band to be tested through a vector network analyzer;
calibration parameters are obtained.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the transmitting antennas are standard gain antennas, the number of the transmitting antennas is one or more, and the frequency points on which the transmitting antennas operate can cover the frequency band of the coexisting co-located spurs to be detected.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the vector network analyzer is a signal source and a spectrum analyzer, and wherein the transmitting antenna is connected to the signal source via a radio frequency cable and the receiving antenna is connected to the spectrum analyzer via a radio frequency cable.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the co-located spur performance indicators comprise a main beam direction co-located spur performance indicator and a non-main beam direction co-located spur performance indicator.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the active antenna system coexistence co-located spur performance metric is according to EIRPs = Pg + Δ Pc.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the non-primary beam direction coexisting co-located spur performance criteria test comprises:
horizontally or vertically placing the active antenna system on an antenna turntable;
the active antenna system is in a transmitting mode and transmits a wireless beam with fixed direction;
rotating the test turntable in the vertical directional diagram or horizontal directional diagram plane of the active antenna;
acquiring power values of transmitting coexisting co-located stray frequency points at different angles;
and acquiring the performance index of the coexisting co-located stray in the non-main beam direction according to the acquired power values at different angles and the environment calibration parameter delta Pc.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein rotating the test turret in the vertical pattern or horizontal pattern of the active antenna is either clockwise or counterclockwise.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310688319.3A CN104717025A (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Method for testing coexisting co-located stray index of active antenna system |
| PCT/CN2014/092655 WO2015085877A1 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2014-12-01 | Method for testing coexistence and co-location spurious index of active antenna system |
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| CN201310688319.3A CN104717025A (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Method for testing coexisting co-located stray index of active antenna system |
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| CN113242098B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2024-03-15 | 南京捷希科技股份有限公司 | Radio frequency performance test system and method |
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