CN104487060A - 使前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/kexin 9型(pcsk9)减少的方法 - Google Patents
使前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素/kexin 9型(pcsk9)减少的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过用脂肪酸衍生物抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9)来调节胆固醇的新方法;以及用于治疗或预防代谢疾病的新方法,该方法包括给药有效量的脂肪酸衍生物。本发明还涉及脂肪酸生物活性衍生物以及它们在治疗代谢疾病中的用途。
Description
现有技术
本申请要求了2012年5月25日提交的美国专利申请号61/651,870;2013年9月5日提交的美国专利申请号61/697,104;以及2013年3月13日提交的美国专利申请号61/780,445的权益,特此将它们的全部披露内容通过引用依靠并且结合在本申请中。
发明领域
本发明涉及通过用脂肪酸衍生物抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9)蛋白来调节受试者中的胆固醇的新方法;以及治疗或预防代谢疾病的新方法,该方法包括给药有效量的脂肪酸衍生物。本发明还针对脂肪酸生物活性衍生物以及它们在治疗代谢疾病中的用途。
发明背景
最近的硏究已证明,前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9)可为用于降低低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)的引人注意的治疗靶标。就验证而言,人类中的功能获得性PCSK9变异体或功能缺失性PCSK9变异体已被证明分别导致高胆固醇血症或低胆固醇血症。例如,PCSK9基因中的功能获得性突变与>300mg/dL的高血清LDL-C水平和早熟性心血管性心脏疾病相关(Abifadel等人,Nat.Gent.[自然-遗传学]2003,34,p.154-156)。另一个方面,PCSK9基因中的功能缺失性突变与≤100mg/dL的低血清LDL-C和心血管性心脏疾病的降低相关(Cohen et等人,Nat.Gent.[自然-遗传学]2005,37,p.161-165)。PCSK9为主要由肝脏和肠产生的丝氨酸蛋白酶,并且由信号肽、前结构域、催化结构域和富含组氨酸的C末端结构域组成(Piper等人Structure[结构]2007,15,p.545-552)。数据已证明,PCSK9可通过以下方式发挥其对LDL-C的作用,所述方式为与肝细胞LDL受体结合并在胞吞后阻止其再循环至所述细胞表面。这种顺序发生的事件导致LDL受体水平降低、LDL-C的细胞吸收减少和较高的血液LDL-C水平(Horton等人,J.Lip.Res.[类脂研究杂志]2009,50(增刊(Suppl.)),p.S172-S 177)。在小鼠和非人类灵长类动物中,中和抗PCSK9抗体已被证明显著降低了血清LDL-C(Chan等人,PNAS2009,106,p.9820-9825;Liang等人,Pharmacology and ExperimentalTherapeutics[药物学和实验疗法]2012,340,p.228-236)。REGN727、AMG145、RN316和LGT209是一些单克隆抗体,目前正在针对高胆固醇血症的人临床试验中对这些抗体进行评价。
他汀类(statin)药物已被广泛用在临床中来降低胆固醇。然而,他汀类药物治疗已被证明显著增加PCSK9的表达(Dubuc等人,Arterioscler.Thromb.Vase.[药动脉硬化血管血栓]2004,p.1453-1459)。增加水平的PCSK9基本抵消了他汀类药物的一些有益作用,这是因为PCSK9促进了LDL受体的降解,从而导致更高的LDC-C血浆水平。
含油冷水鱼,例如鲑鱼、鳟鱼、绯鱼和鲔鱼,是海洋食用ω-3脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)(是主要的海洋来源ω-3脂肪酸)的来源。烟酸和海洋ω-3脂肪酸(EPA和DHA)都已显示降低了心血管疾病、冠心病、动脉粥样硬化,而且降低了血脂异常、高胆固醇血症或2型糖尿病和代谢疾病患者的死亡率。高剂量(每日1.5至4克)的烟酸已显示通过降低载脂蛋白B(“ApoB”)改善了极低密度脂蛋白(“VLDL”)水平,并且通过增加肝脏中的载脂蛋白A1(“ApoA1”)升高了高密度脂蛋白(“HDL”)。烟酸还可以抑制二酰甘油酰基转移酶-2,该酶是TG合成的关键酶(Kamanna,V.S.;Kashyap,M.L.Am.J.Cardiol.[心脏病学杂志]2008,101(8A),20B-26B)。不幸的是,烟酸在肝脏外还有削弱它治疗功效的许多作用。烟酸最常见的副作用是潮红,潮红可以限制患者可耐受的剂量。潮红被认为通过GPR109受体发生在脉管系统中。
Ω-3脂肪酸之前已被证明在血糖正常男性和肥胖个体中提高胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖耐量。Ω-3脂肪酸也已被证明在具有炎症表型的肥胖和非-肥胖患者中提高胰岛素耐受性。已证明,在超重的患高血压受试者中,通过用ω-3脂肪酸治疗使脂质、葡萄糖和胰岛素代谢得到改善。Ω-3脂肪酸(EPA/DHA)除了改善具有心血管事件风险的患者的死亡率外,也已被证明减少甘油三酯和降低由心律不齐造成的猝死的风险。Ω-3脂肪酸也已被用作用于治疗血脂障碍的疗法的膳食补充剂部分,并且具有抗炎症特性。摄入较高量的ω-3脂肪酸降低了循环的TNF-α和IL-6的水平,这两种细胞因子在炎症过程中显著增加(Chapkin等人Prostaglandins,Leukot Essent Fatty Acids[前列腺素Leukot Essent脂肪酸]2009,81,p.187-191;Duda等人Cardiovasc Res[心血管研究]2009,84,p.33-41)。此外,摄入较高量的ω-3脂肪酸也已被证明增加经充分表征的抗炎细胞因子IL-10的水平(Bradley等人Obesity[肥胖症](Silver Spring(银泉))2008,16,p.938-944)。近来,DHA已被证明减轻肾病并延长自身免疫性狼疮倾向小鼠(autoimmune lupus-pronemice)白勺寿命(Halade等人J.Immunology[免疫学杂志]2010,184,p.5280-6)。硏究证明,DHA可由于其以下能力而潜在地抑制肾小球肾炎,该能力为DHA降低LPS-介导的血清IL-18增加以及其减弱肾脏中LPS-介导的PI3K、Akt和NF-kB启动。
根据哪种类型脂质升高而对高脂血症进行分类,即高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症或在组合型高脂血症中存在这两种。升高水平的脂蛋白也可被归类为高脂血症形式。存在五种类型的高脂蛋白血症(I型至V型)并且根据德里克森(Fredrikson)分离法基于脂蛋白在电泳或超速离心上的模式对这些高脂蛋症进一步分类。I型高脂蛋白血症具有三种亚型:Ia型(也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征(Buerger-Gruetz syndrome)或家族性高乳糜微粒血症)、Ib型(也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症)和Ic型。由于血液中脂蛋肪酶(LPL)、改变的ApoC2或LPL抑制剂的减少的缺陷,I型高脂蛋白血症的全部三种亚型共有的相同特征为乳糜微粒增加。I型高脂蛋白血症的发生率为1/1,000,000,并且迄今为止,没有药物治疗可用并且治疗主要由饮食组成。II型髙脂蛋白血症具有两种亚型:IIa型(也被称作家族性高胆固醇血症)的特征在于升高水平的低密度脂蛋白(LDL);和IIb型(也被称作家族性混合型高脂血症)的特征在于升高水平的LDL和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)。III型高脂蛋白血症(也被称作家族性异常P脂蛋白血症)的特征在于升高水平的中密度脂蛋白(IDL)。IV型高脂蛋白血症(也被称作家族性高甘油三酯血症)的特征在于升高水平的VLDL。V型髙脂蛋白血症的特征在于升高水平的VLDL和乳糜微粒。迄今为止,对V型高脂蛋白血症的治疗只用烟酸或贝特类是不够的。
本发明是针对克服代谢疾病治疗中的上述缺陷。
发明内容
本发明部分地基于以下发现:脂肪酸衍生物和它们在实现改善治疗中的经证明的作用,而通过给药单独的ω-3脂肪酸EPA或DHA或给药ω-3脂肪酸EPA或DHA与其他生物活性物的组合是不能实现这些作用的。这些ω-3脂肪酸衍生物经设计在血浆中是稳定的并且被细胞(所述ω-3脂肪酸衍生物在该细胞处抑制PCSK9的产生或分泌)吸收。在动物和人类中,抑制PCSK9的产生或分泌具有降低血浆胆固醇水平的作用。此外,由于ω-3脂肪酸衍生物是PCSK9的抑制剂,因此当联合给药时,它们可提高他汀类药物的效力。
因此,在一个方面中,本发明涉及一种治疗代谢疾病的方法。该方法包括通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物来抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平。在一个实施方案中,该脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物包括与生物活性物分子共价连接的脂肪酸,其中该脂肪酸选自ω-3脂肪酸和在体内被代谢成ω-3脂肪酸的脂肪酸。
在另一个方面中,提出了一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平的方法。该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式I的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式I化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基(thiooxo)、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
另一个方面涉及一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平的方法,该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式II的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体
其中
Rn为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、杂环、
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH=、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式II化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
m2为0、1、2、3、4或5;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
在另一个方面中,提供了一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平的方法。该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式III的化合物:
式III
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、对映异构体或立体异构体:
其中
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)CC1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R7和R8独立地为
H、D、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基和杂环;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个m独立地为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12;
每个R9独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基或直链或支链-C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;并且
每个R10独立地为-H、直链或支链-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其任选地被一个、两个、三个、四个或五个选自以下的基团取代:OH、CN、卤素、CO2R9、CONHR9、CONR9R9、S(O)2NR9R9、NR9R9、NR9COR9、-(OCH2CH2)m-OCH3。
在另一个方面中,提供了一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平的方法。该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式IV的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体:
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基、芳基、环烷基、杂环和
R3独立地为H或C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成
f1=1、2、3或4;
f2=l、2或3;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式IV化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2、3、4或5;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H、或
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
条件是
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为不存在并且Z是
则t必须为0;和
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,和W1和W2各自为不存在时,则Z必须不是
另一个方面涉及一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9的血清水平的方法,该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式V的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R3独立地为H或C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成
f1=1、2、3或4;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式V化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2、3、4或5;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H、或
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
条件是
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为不存在并且Z是
则t必须为0;并且
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,和W1和W2各自为不存在时,则Z必须不是
然而,本发明又另一个方面涉及式II’的化合物:
及其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体和立体异构体
其中
Rn为苯基、萘基、杂芳基或杂环;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
W3独立地为0或不存在;
R12独立地为H、OH、OR”、R”或OC(O)R”,其中R”独立地为C1-C6烷基;
每个m1独立地为0、1、2或3;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式II’化合物的W1侧连接;
条件是当L独立地为-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、
并且其中g、h、k、R、R3、R5和Z如下所定义;
并且进一步条件是Rn不是:
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
m2为0、1、2、3、4或5;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;和
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
在另一个方面中,描述了式VI的化合物:
及其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体和立体异构体;
其中
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
R11独立地为H、-OH、-OC(O)-R、-O-芳基、-芳基、-杂芳基或-杂环基;
R13独立地为H、C1-C3烷基、-OH、-OC(O)-R或卤素;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式I化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
另一个方面涉及式VII的化合物:
及其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体和立体异构体;
其中
Rx独立地为
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2可一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都可与式I化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时可形成环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其可任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;和
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
在式I、II、II’、III、IV、V、VI和VII中,任意一个或多个H可为氘代替。还应理解的是,在式I、II、II’、III、IV、V、VI和VII中,甲基取代基可被C1-C6烷基代替。
还描述了包含至少一种脂肪酸衍生物的药物制剂其。
还描述了在有此需要的患者中通过向所述患者给药有效量的脂肪酸衍生物来治疗对用脂肪酸衍生物治疗敏感的疾病的方法。
还描述了通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的脂肪酸衍生物来治疗代谢疾病的方法。
本发明还包括药物组合物,该组合物包含有效量的脂肪酸衍生物和药学上可接受的载体。该组合物用于治疗或预防代谢疾病。本发明包括以药学上可接受的前药、水合物、盐(例如药学上可接受的盐)、对映异构体、立体异构体或它们的混合物形式提供的脂肪酸衍生物。
本发明的细节在下面随附的说明书中描述。尽管与本申请描述的那些方法和物质类似或等同的方法和物质可用在本发明的惯例或测试中,现在描述的是示例性方法和物质。本发明的其他特征、目的和优点将通过说明书和权利要求而变得明显。在说明书和随附权利要求中,除非上下文另有相反说明,否则单数形式也包括复数形式。除非另有定义,本申请使用的所有科技术语具有本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。将本说明书引用的所有专利和出版物的全部内容通过引用结合在此。
图式简单说明
图1为图解视图,示出了化合物I-8、II-1和化合物A对PCSK9的对比作用。
图2为图解视图,示出了在用阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin)孵育的HepG2测定中,EPA与烟酸的组合和化合物I-8对PCSK9的作用。
图3为图解视图,示出了化合物I-8对血脂障碍的Zuckerfa/fa大鼠模型的血浆甘油三酯水平的作用。
图4为图解视图,示出了化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合在ApoE3Leiden小鼠中在处理2周后对血浆胆固醇和其他脂质的作用。
图5为图解视图,示出了化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合在ApoE3Leiden小鼠中在处理4周后对血浆胆固醇和其他脂质的作用。
图6为图解视图,示出了化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合在ApoE3Leiden小鼠中在处理4周后对血浆甘油三酯和其他脂质的作用。
图7为图解视图,示出了给药化合物I-8对ApoE3Leiden小鼠肝脏重量的作用。
本发明的详细说明
代谢疾病是种类繁多的干扰受试者新陈代谢的医学障碍。新陈代谢是受试者的身体用于将食物转化成能量的过程。在患有代谢疾病的受试者中,新陈代谢被以某种方式破坏。该脂肪酸衍生物具有治疗或预防代谢疾病的能力。该脂肪酸衍生物已被设计为将ω-3脂肪酸以及芳基、杂芳基或杂环放在单一的脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物中。在一些情况下,该杂芳基也可为烟酸或其任意其他衍生物。该脂肪酸衍生物的活性很大程度上大于脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物单个组分的活性的总和,这表明由所述脂肪酸衍生物诱发的活性为协同性的。基于该信息,人们认为本发明的脂肪酸衍生物可在体外细胞测定中有效降低PCSK9的产生。此外,当体内给药时,这些脂肪酸衍生物也可降低血清PCSK9水平。作为这些活性的结果,脂肪酸衍生物可被用作单一疗法或用作与他汀药或其他降胆固醇药的联合疗法以有效治疗高胆固醇血症、血脂障碍或代谢疾病。
定义
针对这些脂肪酸衍生物使用了以下定义:
术语“脂肪酸衍生物”包括本申请所述的脂肪酸衍生物的任意和所有可能的异构体、立体异构体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、互变异构体、药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物和前药。
冠词“一个/一种(a/an)”用在本申请中是指一个或不止一个(即,是指至少一个)所述冠词的语法对象。举例而言,“一种元素”是指一种元素或不止一种元素。
除非另有说明,术语“和/或”用在本申请中是指“和”或者“或”。
除非另有专门定义,术语“芳基”是指具有1-2个芳族环的环状芳族烃基,包括单环基团或二环基团例如苯基、联苯基或萘基。在含有两个芳族环(二环等)的情况下,该芳基的芳族环可在单一点连接(例如,联苯基)或为稠和的(例如,萘基)。该芳基基团可被一个或多个取代基(例如1-5个取代基)在任意连接点上取代。这些取代基本身可为任选取代的。
“C1-C3烷基”是指含有1-3个碳原子的直链或支链饱和烃。C1-C3烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基和丙基。
“C1-C4烷基”是指含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链饱和烃。C1-C4烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。
“C1-C5烷基”是指含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链饱和烃。C1-C5烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基、异戊基和新戊基。
“C1-C6烷基”是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链饱和烃。C1-C6烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异戊基和新戊基。
术语“环烷基”是指含有3-6个碳原子的环状烃基。环烷基的实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。应理解的是,环烷基上可取代氢中的任意一个可被卤素、C1-C3烷基、羟基、烷氧基和氰基取代。
如在本申请中使用的术语“杂环”是指含有3-6个原子的环状烃,其中这些原子中的至少一个为O、N或S。杂环的实例包括但不限于氮丙啶、环氧乙烷、硫杂环丙烷、吖丁啶、环氧丙烷、硫杂环丁烷、吡咯烷、四氢呋喃、四氢噻吩、哌啶、四氢吡喃、硫杂环己烷(thiane)、咪唑烷、噁唑烷、噻唑烷、二氧戊环、二硫杂戊环、哌嗪、噁嗪、二噻烷和二噁烷。
本申请使用的术语“杂芳基”是指具有5-12个环原子的单环或二环结构,其中一个或多个所述环原子为杂原子例如N、O或S,并且其中该二环结构中的一个或多个环为芳香族的。杂芳基的一些实例为吡啶基、呋喃基、吡咯基、噻吩基、噻唑基、噁唑基、咪唑基、吲哚基、四唑基、苯并呋喃基、夹氧杂蒽和二氢吲哚。应理解的是,杂芳基上可取代氢中的任意一个可被卤素、C1-C3烷基、羟基、烷氧基和氰基取代。
如在本申请中使用的术语“天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个”是指以下氨基酸中的任意一种的侧链:异亮氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、天冬酰胺、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸盐、蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸、苯基丙氨酸、谷氨酸、苏氨酸、谷氨酰胺、色氨酸、甘氨酸、缬氨酸、脯氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸、组氨酸和酪氨酸。
如在本申请中使用的术语“脂肪酸”是指ω-3脂肪酸和在体内被代谢成ω-3脂肪酸的脂肪酸。脂肪酸的非限制实例为全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸(clupanodonicacid)或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
如在本申请中使用的术语“烟酸”是指被称为烟酸的分子及其任意衍生物。
如在本申请中使用的术语“生物活性物”或“生物活性物分子”是指具有生物活性的芳基,包括苯基或萘基;杂芳基;或杂环衍生物。
“受试者”为哺乳动物,例如人、小鼠、大鼠、荷兰猪、狗、猫、马、牛、猪或非人灵长目动物(例如猴子、猩猩、狒狒或猕猴),并且术语“受试者”和“患者”在本申请中可互换使用。
本发明还包括药物组合物,该药物组合物包含有效量的如上所述的式II’、VI或VII的脂肪酸衍生物和药学上可接受的载体。本发明包括按其药学上可接受的前药、水合物、盐例如药学上可接受的盐、对映异构体、立体异构体或它们的混合物形式提供的脂肪酸烟酸衍生物。
代表性“药学上可接受的盐”包括例如水溶性盐和水不溶性盐,例如乙酸盐、氨芪磺酸盐(amsonate)(4,4-二氨基芪-2,2-二磺酸盐)、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、硼酸盐、溴化物盐、丁酸盐、钙盐、依地酸钙、樟脑磺酸盐、碳酸盐、氯化物盐、枸橼酸盐、克拉维酸盐(clavulariate)、二盐酸盐、依地酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、丙酸酯十二烷基硫酸盐(estolate)、乙磺酸盐、富马酸盐(fiunarate)、葡庚糖酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、谷氨酸、对羟乙酰氨基苯胂酸盐(glycollylarsanilate)、六氟磷酸盐、己基间苯二酚盐(hexylresorcinate)、哈胺(hydrabamine)盐、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、羟萘甲酸盐(hydroxynaphthoate)、碘化物盐、异硫代硫酸盐(isothionate)、乳酸盐、乳糖醛酸盐、月桂酸盐、镁盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基溴化物盐(methylbromide)、甲基硝酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、粘酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、N-甲基葡糖胺铵盐、3-羟基-2-萘甲酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐(1,1-亚甲基-二-2-羟基-3-萘甲酸盐、双羟萘酸盐(einbonate))、泛酸盐、磷酸盐/磷酸氢盐、苦味酸盐、聚半乳糖醛酸盐、丙酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、水杨酸盐、硬脂酸盐、碱式乙酸盐(subacetate)、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、磺基水杨酸盐、苏拉明酸盐(suramate)、鞣酸盐、酒石酸盐、茶氯酸盐(teoclate)、甲苯磺酸盐、三乙基碘化物盐(triethiodide)和戊酸盐。
如在本申请中使用的术语“代谢疾病”是指涉及血脂障碍的障碍、疾病和综合征,并且术语代谢障碍、代谢疾病和代谢综合征在本申请中可互换使用。
当与脂肪酸衍生物相连使用时,“有效量”是指有效治疗或预防代谢疾病的量。
如在本申请中使用的术语“载体”包括载体、赋形剂和稀释剂,并且是指将药物从身体的一个器官或部分运送或运输到这个身体的另一个器官或部分中所牵涉的物质、组合物或媒介物例如液体或固体塡料、稀释剂、赋形剂、溶剂或包封材料。
与受试者有关的术语“治疗”是指改善该受试者的障碍的至少一种症状。治疗可以治愈、改善或至少部分缓解该障碍。
除非另有说明,术语“障碍”用在本披露中是指疾病、病症或病患,并且可与疾病、病症或病患互换使用。
本披露中使用的术语“给药(administer)”、“给药(administering)”或“给药(administration)”是指直接向受试者给药化合物或该化合物的药学上可接受的盐或组合物,或向该受试者给药该化合物的前药衍生物或类似物或该化合物的药学上可接受的盐或组合物,它们可在该受试者的体内形成等量的活性化合物。
如在本披露中使用的术语“前药”是指在体内可通过代谢途径(例如,通过水解)转变成脂肪酸衍生物的化合物。
在本申请中使用以下缩写用并具有所指示的定义:Boc和BOC为叔丁氧基羰基;Boc2O为二碳酸二叔丁酯;BSA为牛血清白蛋白;CDI为1,1'-羰基二咪唑;DCC为N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺;DIEA为N,N-二异丙基乙基胺;DMAP为4-二甲基氨基吡啶;DMEM为杜氏培养液(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium);DMF为N,N-二甲基甲酿胺;DOSS为二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠;EDC和EDCI为1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐;ELISA为酶联免疫吸附测定;EtOAc为乙酸乙酯;FBS为胎牛血清;h为小时;HATU为2-(7-氮杂-1H-苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐;HIV为人免疫缺陷病毒;HPMC为羟基丙基甲基纤维素;oxone为过硫酸氢钾;Pd/C为钯于炭上;TFA为三氟乙酸;TGPS为生育酚丙二醇琥珀酸酯,并且THF为四氢呋喃。
化合物
因此,在一个方面中,本发明提供了一种脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物的使用方法,该脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物包含脂肪酸和共价连接的芳基、杂芳基或杂环,其中该脂肪酸选自ω-3脂肪酸和在体内被代谢成ω-3脂肪酸的脂肪酸,并且该衍生物能够水解以产生游离的脂肪酸和游离的芳基、杂芳基或杂环。
在一些实施方案中,该脂肪酸选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸、十八碳四烯酸、二十碳三烯酸、二十碳四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十四碳五烯酸和二十四碳六烯酸。在其他实施方案中,该脂肪酸选自二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸。在一些实施方案中,该水解为酶性水解。
在另一个方面中,本发明还提供了根据以下各式的脂肪酸性生物活性物衍生物:
及其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体和立体异构体;
其中
Rn、Rx、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R11、R、W1、W2、L、a、c、b、d、e、g、h、m、m1、m2、n、o、p、q、Z、r、s、t和v如上面就II’、VI和VII所定义。
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
在一些实施方案中,Rx为
在一些实施方案中,Rx为
在一些实施方案中,Rx为
在一些实施方案中,Rx为
在一些实施方案中,Rx为在一些实施方案中,Rx为
在一些实施方案中,Rn为苯基。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且r为2。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且r为3。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且r为7。
在其他实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为3。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为5。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为6。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且v为1。
在其他实施方案中,一个Z为
并且v为2。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且v为6。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为3。
在一些实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为5。
在其他实施方案中,一个Z为
并且s为6。
在一些实施方案中,W1为NH。
在一些实施方案中,W2为NH。
在一些实施方案中,W1为O。
在一些实施方案中,W2为O。
在一些实施方案中,W1不存在。
在一些实施方案中,W2不存在。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为不存在。
在一些实施方案中,W1为O和W2为NH。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NR,并且R为CH3。
在一些实施方案中,m为0。
在其他实施方案中,m为1。
在其他实施方案中,m为2。
在一些实施方案中,L为-S-或-S-S-。
在一些实施方案中,L为-O-。
在一些实施方案中,L为-C(O)-。
在一些实施方案中,L为杂芳基。
在一些实施方案中,L为杂环。
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为其中m为2。
在一些实施方案中,L为其中m为3。
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在一些实施方案中,L为
在其他实施方案中,n、o、p和q中的一个为1。
在一些实施方案中,n、o、p和q中的两个各自为1。
在其他实施方案中,n、0、p和q中的三个各自为1。
在一些实施方案中,n、o、p和q中各自为1。
在一些实施方案中,一个d为C(O)OR。
在一些实施方案中,r为2,s为6。
在一些实施方案中,r为3,s为5。
在一些实施方案中,t为1。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为0,n和o各自为1,并且p和q各自为0。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n,0,p和q各自为1,并且L为0。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为-S-S。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n和o各自为0,p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,k为O,n和o各自为0,p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n和o各自为0,p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,k为0,n为1,p和q为0,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、和p各自为0,和q为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,k为1,n、o和p各自为0,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n为1,和o、p和q为0,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,k为1,o、p和q各自为0,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为0,k为l,o和p各自为1,并且q为0。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为0,n、0、p和q各自为1。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为0,n和o各自为1,p和q各自为0,并且每个a为CH3。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为0,n和o各自为1,p和q各自为0,并且每个b为CH3。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,R3为H,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1、n、p和q各自为1,和o为2,R3为H,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p各自为1,和q为2,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n和p各自为1,和o和q各自为0,并且L为-C(O)-。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n和p各自为1,和o和q各自为0,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p、q各自为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为l,h为1,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为1,并且L为-S-。
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,一个d为-CH3,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,W1和W2各自为NH,m为2,n、o、p和q各自为0,一个L为
一个L为
在一些实施方案中,m为0,n、o、p和q各自为0,和W1和W2一起形成任选取代的哌嗪基团。
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n和p各自为1,o和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为NH,并且L为C3-C6环烷基。
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n为1,o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为NH,并且L为C3-C6环烷基。
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1和W2各自为NH,并且L为C3-C6环烷基。
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n为1,o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中为1,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p和q各自为0,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n为1,o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n为1,o、p和q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中为1,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p、q各自为0,W1和W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p、q各自为0,W1和W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p、q各自为0,W1为NH,W2不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p、q各自为0,W1不存在,W2为NH,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1和W2各自为NH、不存在,并且L为
在一些实施方案中,m为1,n、o、p各自为0,q为1,W1和W2各自为NH、不存在,并且L为杂芳基。
在前面的一些实施方案中,r为2,s为6,并且t为1。
在前面的一些实施方案中,r为3,s为5,并且t为1。
在式I、II、II’、III、IV、V、VI和VII中,任意一个或多个H可为氘代替。还应理解的是,在式I、II、II’、III、IV、V、VI和VII中,甲基取代基可被C1-C6烷基代替。
在其他示例性实施方案中,本申请描述的用在代谢疾病治疗中的式I、II、II’、III、IV、V、VI和VII如下所述:
N-(2-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-1)
N-(2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-2)
N-(2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-3)
N-(2-((1-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)-2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-3-基)硫基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-4)
2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酸4-甲氧基-3-(烟酰胺基)-4-氧代丁-2-基酯(I-5)
6-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(I-6)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-7)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-8)
(2S,3R)-3-(((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基)氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯(I-9)
(2S,3R)-3-(((S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)丙酰基)氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯(I-10)
(S)-6-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯(I-11)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-1-(4-烟酰基哌嗪-1-基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯-1-酮(I-12)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-1-(4-烟酰基哌嗪-1-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯-1-酮(I-13)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-甲基二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-14)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-15)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基烟酰胺(I-16)
N-甲基-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-17)
N-(3-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)丙基)烟酰胺(I-18)
N-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)丁基)烟酰胺(I-19)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基丙)烟酰胺(I-20)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基丙-2-基)烟酰胺(I-21)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)烟酰胺(I-22)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-23)
N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)烟酰胺(I-24)
N-((S)-1-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-3-甲基-1-氧代丁-2-基)烟酰胺(I-25)
N-(3-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-3-氧代丙基)烟酰胺(I-26)
(S)-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺(I-27)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(1-烟酰基吡啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-28)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((I-烟酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-29)
N-(2-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)烟酰胺(I-30)
N((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-31)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-32)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((R)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-33)
N(((S)-1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-34)
N(((R)-1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-35)
N-(2-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-36)
N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-37)
N-(2-((S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-38)
N-(2-(3-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)丙酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-39)
N-((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)烟酰胺(I-40)
N-(((1R,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-41)
N-((1R,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)烟酰胺(I-42)
N-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-43)
N-(((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-44)
N-((1R,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基甲基)环己基)烟酰胺(I-45)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-46)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((R)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-47)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基-N-((1-烟酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-48)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基-N-((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-49)
N-(4-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)苯基)烟酰胺(I-50)
N-((S)-1-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-基)-3-甲基-1-氧代丁-2-基)烟酰胺(I-51)
N-(2-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-基)-2-氧代乙基)烟酰胺(I-52)
N-(((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-2-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-53)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((R)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-54)
N-(3-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-基)-3-氧代丙基)烟酰胺(I-55)
N-(4-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)烟酰胺(I-56)
N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-57)
N-(2-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-58)
N-(2-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)苯基)烟酰胺(I-59)
N-(2-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)烟酰胺(I-60)
N-((S)-1-((52,82,112,142,172)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-N-甲基烟酰胺(I-61)
N-((I-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-N-甲基烟酰胺(I-62)
N-((3-羟基-6-((52,82,112,142,172)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基甲基)-2-甲基吡啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-63)
N-((4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-64)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(3-烟酰基-3-氮杂二环[3.1.0]己-6-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-65)
N-(((1S,4S)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基甲基)环己基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-66)
5-氯-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-67)
5-氟-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-68)
6-氟-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-69)
6-氯-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-70)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-甲基烟酰胺(I-71)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-4-甲基烟酰胺(I-72)
4-氯-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-73)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-5-甲基烟酰胺(I-74)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-1)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-2)
N-(2-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-3)
N-(2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-4)
N-(2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-5)
2-苯甲酰胺基-6-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳.4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯胺基)己酸(II-6)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-1-甲基-6-氧代-1,6-二氢吡啶-3-甲酰胺(II-7)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)异烟酰胺(II-8)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)吡啶-2-甲酰胺(II-9)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)嘧啶-4-甲酰胺(II-10)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)吡嗪-2-甲酰胺(II-11)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)哌啶-3-甲酰胺(II-12)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-1-(4-(吡啶酰基(picolinoyl)哌嗪-1-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯-1-酮(II-13)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)吡啶酰胺(picolinamide)(II-14)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z’11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基吡啶酰胺(II-15)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)吡啶酰胺(II-16)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-(吡啶酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-17)
N((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)吡啶酰胺(II-18)
N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)吡啶酰胺(II-19)
N-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)吡啶酰胺(II-20)
5-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-21)
5-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-22)
5-((2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-23)
5-((2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-24)
5-((2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-25)
5-((2-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-26)
5-((2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)-2-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(II-27)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(II-28)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5二氢呋喃-2-甲酿胺(II-29)
N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(II-30)
N-(2-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(II-31)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(II-32)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N(2-(2-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-33)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-(5-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)-2,2-二甲基戊酰胺基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(II-34)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(5-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)-2,2-二甲基戊酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-35)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(II-36)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-37)
4-氯-N-(4-((1-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-2-甲基-1-氧代丙-2-基)氧基)苯乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-38)
4-氯-N-(4-((1-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-2-甲基-1-氧代丙-2-基)氧基)苯乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-39)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-40)
4-氯-N-(4-((2-甲基-1-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)-1-氧代丙-2-基)氧基)苯乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-41)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(5-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)-2,2-二甲基戊酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-42)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)4-(2-(2-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-43)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(III-1)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(III-2)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2,5,8,11-四氧杂十三烷-13-基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(III-3)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2,5,8,11-四氧杂十三烷-13-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(III-4)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(III-5);
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(III-6)。
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-羟基乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(III-7)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-羟基乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(III-8)
2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙酸(III-9)
2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙酸(III-10)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-1)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(IV-2)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-3)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基氨基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-4)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(甲基(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-5)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-6)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸(IV-7)
(S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸(IV-8)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸-1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-9)
(S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-10)
(S)-5-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-((N)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)戊酸(IV-11)
(S)-5-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)戊酸1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-12)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(IV-13)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-14)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-15)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基氨基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-16)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-义(2-(甲基(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-17)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-18)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸(IV-19)
(8)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸(IV-20)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-21)
(S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)己酸1,3-一羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-22)
(S)-5-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-((E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)戊酸(IV-23)
(S)-5-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-(E)-4-(6-甲基吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)戊酸1,3-二羟基丙-2-基酯(IV-24)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-((E)-4-(6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-25)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-((E)-4-(6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-26)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(甲基(2-((E)-4-(6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)吡啶-3-基)丁-3-烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(IV-27)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺(V-1)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺(V-2)
N-(2-((2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基)-6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺(V-3)
N-(2-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)-6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺(V-4)
N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)氨基)乙基)-6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺(V-5)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-(6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺基)己酸(V-6)
(S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-(6-(2-吗啉代乙基)烟酰胺基)己酸(V-7)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺(V-8)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺(V-9)
N-(2-((2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)-6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺(V-10)
N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基)-6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺(V-11)
(S)-6-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-(6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺基)己酸(V-12)
(S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-6-(6-(2-(吡咯烷-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺基)己酸(V-13)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-6-(2-(哌啶-1-基)乙基)烟酰胺(V-14)
4-羟基-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-1)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-5-苯基烟酰胺(VI-2)
2-羟基-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-3)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-2-苯基烟酰胺(VI-4)
5-羟基-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-5)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)-2-甲基烟酰胺(VI-6)
2-氟-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-7)
2-氯-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-8)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-1)
N-((I-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-2)
N-((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-3)
N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-4)
N-(((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-5)
N-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-6)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)-N,5-二甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-7)
N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-N,5-二甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-8)
N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-5五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-N,5-二甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-9)
2-(((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-10)
2-(((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-11)
2-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-12)
2-((((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-13)
2-((((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-14)
3-((-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-15)
2-(((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-16)
2-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)(甲基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-17)
N-((1r,4r)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺(VII-18)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-[-(1-((52,82,112,142,172)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-19)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-20)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-21)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-22)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-(((R)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-23)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-24)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-25)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-26)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((R)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-27)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-28)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((R)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-29)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)二十碳五烯酰胺(VII-30)
(S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺(VII-31)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-((S)-2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-32)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(3-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)丙酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-33)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((1r,4r)-4-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)环己基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-34)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((1s,4s)-4-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)环己基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-35)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((1r,4r)-4-((2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)甲基)环己基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-36)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-N,2-二甲基丙酰胺(VII-37)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-N,2-二甲基丙酰胺(VII-38)
4-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(VII-39)
(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)-化(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(VII-40)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(5-((2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-41)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-1-(4-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌嗪-1-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯-1-酮(VII-42)。
脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物的使用方法
本发明还包括用于治疗代谢疾病例如治疗或预防包括以下项的代谢疾病的方法动:脉粥样硬化、血脂障碍、冠心病、高胆固醇血症、II型糖尿病、胆固醇升高(elevated cholesterol)、代谢综合征和心血管疾病。
在一个实施方案中,该方法包括通过脂肪酸衍生物抑制PCSK9。抑制PCSK9导致LDL-C降低。
在一个实施方案中,该方法包括使细胞与足以减少甘油三酯或VLDL或LDL的释放或足以造成胆固醇的逆行转运(reverse cholesteroltransport)增加或足以增大HDL浓度的量的脂肪酸衍生物接触。
本发明还提供l了一种用于在受试者中抑制、预防或治疗代谢疾病或代谢疾病的症状的方法。此类障碍的实例包括但不限于动脉粥样硬化、血脂障碍、高甘油三酯血症、高血压、心力衰竭、心律不齐、低HDL水平、高LDL水平、猝死、稳定型心绞痛、冠心病、急性心肌梗塞、心肌梗塞的二级预防、心肌病、心内膜炎、II型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖耐量受损、高胆固醇血症、中风、高脂血症、高脂蛋白血症、慢性肾病、间歇性跛行、高磷酸盐血症、颈动脉动脉粥样硬化、外周动脉病(peripheral arterial disease)、糖尿病性肾病、HIV感染中的高胆固醇血症、急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)、非酒精性脂肪肝病、动脉阻塞性疾病、脑动脉硬化、脑血管障碍、心肌缺血和糖尿病性自主神经病。由于用作PCSK9抑制剂的脂肪酸烟酸缀合物和其他脂肪酸缀合物降低胆固醇和甘油三酯的能力,它们也被用于治疗肝脏疾病例如脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)。
在一些实施方案中,用作PCSK9抑制剂的脂肪酸烟酸缀合物和其他脂肪酸缀合物可用于治疗家族性高脂血症。根据哪种类型脂质升高而对高脂血症进行分类,即高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症或在组合型高脂血症中存在这两种。升高水平的脂蛋白也可被归类为高脂血症形式。存在五种类型的高脂蛋白血症(I型至V型)并且根据德里克森(Fredrikson)分类法基于脂蛋白在电泳或超速离心上的模式对这些高脂蛋症进一步分类。I型高脂蛋白血症具有三种亚型:Ia型(也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征(Buerger-Gruetz syndrome)或家族性高乳糜微粒血症)、Ib型(也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症)和Ic型。由于血液中脂蛋肪酶(LPL)、改变的ApoC2或LPL抑制剂的减少的缺陷,高脂蛋白血症的全部三种亚型共有的相同特征为乳糜微粒的增加。I型高脂蛋白血症的发生率为1/1,000,000,并且迄今为止,治疗主要由饮食组成。由于脂肪酸烟酸缀合物影响餐后脂质的能力,它可尤其用于治疗I型高脂蛋白血症。II型髙脂蛋白血症具有两种亚型:IIa型(也被称作家族性高胆固醇血症)的特征在于升高水平的低密度脂蛋白(LDL);和IIb型(也被称作家族性混合型高脂血症)的特征在于升高水平的LDL和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)。III型高脂蛋白血症(也被称作家族性异常P脂蛋白血症)的特征在于升高水平的中密度脂蛋白(IDL)。IV型高脂蛋白血症(也被称作家族性高甘油三酯血症)的特征在于升高水平的VLDL。V型髙脂蛋白血症的特征在于升高水平的VLDL和乳糜微粒。迄今为止,对V型高脂蛋白血症的治疗只用烟酸或贝特类是不够的。由于脂肪酸烟酸缀合物影响餐后脂质的能力,它可尤其用于治疗V型高脂蛋白血症。
在一些实施方案中,该受试者被给药有效量的脂肪酸衍生物。
本发明还包括用于治疗或预防代谢疾病,或用于抑制代谢疾病或这些活性中的不止一种的药物组合物。这些组合物可适于内用(internaluse)并且包含有效量的脂肪酸衍生物和药学上可接受的载体。这些脂肪酸衍生物是特别有用的,因为它们表现出非常低的外周毒性或没有外周毒性。
这些脂肪酸衍生物可各自按足以在一位受试者中治疗或预防代谢疾病或防止其发展的量给药。
脂肪酸衍生物的给药可通过用于治疗剂的任意给药模式来完成。这些模式包括全身给药或局部给药例如口服给药模式、鼻腔给药模式、胃肠外给药模式、透皮给药模式、皮下给药模式、阴道给药模式、口腔含服给药模式、直肠给药模式或局部给药模式。
根据预期的给药模式,这些组合物可为固体、半固体或液体剂型,例如注射剂、片剂、栓剂、丸剂、定时释放胶囊、酏剂、酊剂、乳剂、糖浆剂、粉剂、液体剂、混悬剂等,有时为单位剂量形式并且符合常规药学实践。同样,它们也可被按静脉内形式(推注和输注)、腹膜内形式、皮下形式或肌内形式给药,全部使用药学领域技术人员公知的形式。
示例性药物组合物为片剂和明胶胶囊剂,包含脂肪酸烟酸衍生物和药学上可接受的载体例如:a)稀释剂,例如纯净水;甘油三酯油类例如氢化或部分氢化植物油或它们的混合物;玉米油;橄榄油;葵花油;红花油;鱼油类例如EPA或DHA,或它们的酯或甘油三酯或它们的混合物;ω-3脂肪酸或其衍生物;乳糖;右旋糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、山梨糖醇、纤维素、钠(sodium)、糖精、葡萄糖和/或甘氨酸;b)润滑剂,例如二氧化硅、滑石、硬脂酸、其镁盐或钙盐、油酸钠、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸镁、苯甲酸钠、乙酸钠、氯化钠和/或聚乙二醇;对于片剂,如果希望的话还包含;c)粘合剂,例如硅酸镁铝、淀粉糊、明胶、西黄蓍胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、碳酸镁、天然糖例如葡萄糖或β-乳糖、玉米增甜剂、天然和合成胶质例如阿拉伯胶、西黄蓍胶或海藻酸钠、蜡和/或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;d)崩解剂,例如淀粉、琼脂、甲基纤维素、膨润土、黄原胶、海藻酸或其钠盐,或泡腾混合物;e)吸收剂、着色剂、矫味剂和增甜剂;f)乳化剂或分散剂,例如Tween 80、Labrasol、HPMC、DOSS、Caproyl 909、Labrafac、Labrafil、Peceol、Transcutol、Capmul MCM、Capmul PG-12、Captex 355、甘油酯(Gelucire)、维生素E TGPS或其他可接受的乳化剂;和/或g)促进化合物例如环糊精、羟基丙基-环糊精、PEG400、PEG200的吸收的试剂。
液体组合物,特别是可注射的液体组合物可例如通过溶解、分散等来制备。例如,将这些脂肪酸烟酸衍生物溶解在药学上可接受的溶剂中或与药学上可接受的溶剂混合,该药学上可接受的溶剂为例如水、盐水、含水右旋糖、甘油、乙醇等,由此形成可注射等渗溶液或混悬液。蛋白质例如白蛋白、乳糜微粒颗粒或血清蛋白可用于使所述脂肪酸烟酸衍生物增溶。
这些脂肪酸衍生物也可被配制成栓剂,可由脂肪性乳液或混悬液制备这些栓剂;使用聚亚烷基二醇类例如丙二醇作为载体。
这些脂肪酸衍生物也可按脂质体递送系统形式来给药,这些脂质体递送系统为例如小单层囊泡、大单层囊泡和多层囊泡。脂质体可由多种磷脂(含有胆固醇、硬脂胺或磷脂酰胆验)形成。在一些实施方案中,如美国专利5,262,564中所述,将脂质组分膜用药物的水溶液水合以形成包封所述药物的脂质层,将5,262,564的内容通过引用以其全文结合在此。
脂肪酸衍生物也可通过使用单克隆抗体作为单独载体来递送,这些脂肪酸衍生物与这些载体偶联。这些脂肪酸衍生物也可与作为可靶向药物载体的可溶聚合物偶联。这些聚合物可包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、吡喃共聚物、聚羟基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺-苯酚、聚羟基乙基天冬酰胺苯酚或被棕榈酰基残基取代的聚环氧乙烷聚赖氨酸。此外,这些脂肪酸衍生物可与用于实现药物控制释放的一类可生物降解的聚合物偶联,所述可生物降解的聚合物为例如聚乙酸、聚ε己内酯(polyepsiloncaprolactone)、聚羟基丁酸、聚原酸酯、聚缩醛、聚二氢吡喃、聚氰基丙烯酸酯和水凝胶的交联或两亲嵌段共聚物。在一个实施方案中,脂肪酸衍生物与聚合物例如聚羧酸聚合物或聚丙烯酸酯不是共价连接的。
胃肠外注射给药通常用于皮下、肌内或静脉内注射剂和输注剂。可按常规形式制备注射剂,其为液体溶液剂或混悬剂或适于在注射前溶解在液体中的固体形式。
可分别根据常规的混合、制粒或包衣方法制备组合物,并且本发明的药物组合物按重量计或按体积计可含有约0-1%至约90%,约10%至约90%,或约30%至约90%的该脂肪酸衍生物。
根据多种因素对应用所述脂肪酸衍生物的剂量方案进行选择,这些因素包括所述患者的类型(type)、物种、年龄、体重、性别和医学状况;待治疗病症的严重程度;给药途径;该患者的肾功能或肝功能;和所采用的具体脂肪酸烟酸衍生物。掌握本领域普通技能的医师或兽医可容易地确定并开具预防、对抗该病症或阻止其进展所需的药物的有效量。
当用于所指示的作用时,本发明的有效剂量范围为每天约20mg至约5,000mg脂肪酸衍生物。用于体内或体外用途的组合物可含有约20、50、75、100、150、250、500、750、1,000、1,250、2,500、3,500或5,000mg该脂肪酸衍生物。在一个实施方案中,这些组合物为可被刻痕的片剂形式。该脂肪酸烟酸衍生物的有效血浆水平范围为约5ng/mL至5000ng/mL。这些脂肪酸衍生物的适当剂量可如Goodman,L.S.;Gilman,A.The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics[治疗学的药理学基础],第五版(5th ed.);麦克米伦(MacMillan):纽约(New York),1975,pp.201-226中所述来确定。
可将脂肪酸衍生物按单一每日剂量来给药,或者可将所述每日总剂量按每日两次、三次或四次的分份剂量来给药。此外,可将脂肪酸衍生物通过局部使用适当的鼻内装置以鼻内形式给药,或通过透皮途径使用本领域普通技术人员公知的那些透皮贴剂形式来给药。当被以透皮递送系统形式给药时,该剂量给药在整个剂量方案中可为连续的而不是间歇性的。其他示例性局部制剂包括乳膏剂、软膏剂、洗剂、气雾喷雾剂和凝胶剂,其中该脂肪酸衍生物的浓度范围为约0.1%至约15%(w/w或w/v)。
联合疗法
也可将脂肪酸衍生物与其他治疗药例如降胆固醇药、贝特类药和降血脂药、抗糖尿病药、抗糖尿病药、抗高血压药和抗炎药一起给药。
在一些实施方案中,该其他治疗药为降胆固醇药。降胆固醇药的非限定实例为阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合()。
在一些实施方案中,该其他治疗药为贝特类药或降血脂药。贝特类药或降血脂药的非限定实例为阿昔呋喃、阿昔莫司、苄氯贝特、苯扎贝特、比尼贝特、环丙贝特(citprofibrate)、氯贝丁酯、考来维仑、吉非贝齐、非诺贝特、亚油甲苄胺、烟酸和罗尼贝特。
在一些实施方案中,该其他治疗药为作为抗糖尿病药的DPP-IV抑制剂。作为抗糖尿病药的DPP-IV抑制剂的非限定实例为西他列汀、沙格列汀、维格列汀、利拉利汀、度格列汀(dutogliptin)、吉格列汀(gemigliptin)和阿格列汀(alogliptin)。
在一些实施方案中,该其他治疗药为糖尿病药。抗糖尿病药的非限定实例为阿卡波糖、依帕司他、艾塞那肽(exenatide)、格列美脲、利拉鲁肽(liraglutide)、二甲双胍、米格列醇、米格列奈、那格列奈、吡格列酮、普兰林肽、瑞格列奈、罗格列酮、托瑞司他、曲格列酮和伏格列波糖。
在一些实施方案中,该其他治疗药为抗高血压药。抗高血压药的非限定实例包括阿拉普利、阿夫唑嗪、阿利吉仑、苯磺酸氨氯地平、氨磺洛尔、阿雷地平、阿罗洛尔HCl、阿折地平、盐酸巴尼地平、盐酸贝那普利、盐酸贝尼地平、倍他洛尔HCl、贝凡洛尔HCl、富马酸比绍洛尔、波吲洛尔、波生坦、布屈嗪、布那唑嗪HCl、坎地沙坦酯、卡托普利、卡维地洛、塞利洛尔HCl、西氯他宁、西拉普利、西尼地平、氯维地平、地拉普利、地来洛尔、甲磺酸多沙唑嗪、依福地平、马来酸依那普利、依那普利拉、依普利酮、依普罗沙坦、非洛地平、甲磺酸非诺多泮、福辛普利钠、硫酸胍那决尔、咪达普利HCl、依贝沙坦、伊拉地平、酮色林、拉西地平、乐卡地平、赖诺普利、氯沙坦、盐酸马尼地平、盐酸米贝拉地尔(mebefradil hydrochloride)、莫索尼定、奈必洛尔、尼伐地平、尼普地洛、尼索地平、奥美沙坦酯(olmesartanmedoxomil)、培哚普利、吡那地尔、喹那普利、雷米普利、利美尼定、螺普利HCl、替米沙坦、替莫普利(temocarpil)、特拉唑嗪HCl、特他洛尔HCl、噻美尼定HCl、盐酸替利洛尔、群多普利、曲前列尼尔钠、曲马唑嗪HCl、缬沙坦和佐芬普利(zofenoprilcalcium)。
在其他实施方案中,用在上述联合疗法中的适当的血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂包括但不限于依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
制备方法
脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物的制备方法
用于制备本申请描述的脂肪酸衍生物的合成路线实例描述在例如US 2010/0041748和US 2011/0053990中,并且具体地,针对式II化合物的合成路线在下面的实施例中提出并概括描述在方案1-9中。
方案1
其中R3、r和s如上面所定义。
式B的单-BOC保护的胺可由商业资源获得或根Krapcho等人Synthetic Communications[合成通讯]1990,20,2559-2564中描述的操作来制备。可用胺B将化合物A酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,或任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),然后在溶剂例如CH2Cl2或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去BOC基团保护,从而产生偶联化合物C。在胺例如DIEA存在下用偶联剂例如HATU活化化合物C,然后加入式D的脂肪酸得到式E化合物。本领域人员熟知的是,化合物A可用任意其他芳基羧酸、杂芳基羧酸或杂环基羧酸取代。
方案2
其中R、r和s如上面所定义。
经酰化的式F的胺可用Andruszkiewicz等人SyntheticCommunications[合成通讯]2008,38,905-913中描述的操作来制备。可用胺F将化合物A酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,或任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),然后在溶剂例如CH2C12或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去BOC基团保护,从而产生偶联化合物G。在胺例如DIEA存在下用偶联剂例如HATU活化化合物G,然后加入式D的脂肪酸得到式H化合物。
方案3
其中r和s如上面所定义。
可用相应的胺I(其中i=0、1、2或3)将化合物A酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,或任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),然后在溶剂例如CH2C12或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去BOC基团保护,从而产生偶联化合物J。在胺例如DIEA存在下用偶联剂例如HATU活化化合物J,然后加入式D的脂肪酸得到式K化合物。在如NaOH或LiOH的碱性条件下水解该酯产生相应的酸,该酸可以与甘油偶联得到式L化合物。
方案4
其中r和s如上面所定义。
可根据Dahan等人J.Org.Chem[有机化学杂志]2007,72,2289-2296中描述的操作制备胺M。化合物A可与M偶联(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC或任选地用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),然后在溶剂例如CH2C12或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去BOC基团保护,从而产生偶联化合物N。在胺例如DIEA存在下用偶联剂例如HATU活化化合物N,然后加入式D的脂肪酸得到式O化合物。
方案5
其中r和s如上面所定义。
可用商购的胺P将化合物A酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,或任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),从而得到化合物Q。可在溶剂例如CH2Cl2或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去化合物Q中的BOC基团,并且所得的胺可与式D的脂肪酸在胺(例如DIEA)的存在下使用偶联剂(例如HATU)偶联,以得到式R化合物。对于本领域技术人员,可用氧化剂例如H2O2或过硫酸氢钾将式Q中的硫基团氧化成相应的亚砜或砜。
方案6
其中R3、r和s如上面所定义。
可根据Dahan等人Org.Chem.[有机化学]2007,72,2289-2296中描述的操作由商购的二胺制备胺T。可用胺T将化合物A酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,或任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP),以产生化合物U。可在溶剂例如CH2C12或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去化合物U中的BOC基团,并且所得的胺可与式D的脂肪酸偶联(在胺例如DIEA的存在下使用HATU)得到式V化合物。对于本领域技术人员,化合物U中的羟基可通过以下方式被酰化或被进一步转化成氨基:标准的甲磺酰化化学反应,然后用叠氮化钠置换并在催化剂例如Pd/C条件下氢化。该胺可被进一步酰化或烷基化,然后除去BOC基团。所得胺可与式D的脂肪酸偶联得到式W的化合物。
方案7
其中r和s如上面所定义。
可将化合物A用商购的胺X酰胺化(使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP)得到化合物Y。可在溶剂例如CH2C12或二噁烷中用酸例如TFA或HC1脱去化合物Y中的BOC基团。所得的胺可与式D的脂肪酸在胺例如DIEA的存在下使用偶联剂例如HATU偶联,以得到式Z的化合物。
方案8
其中r和s如上面所定义。
可将化合物A用商购的半胱氨酸甲基酯,使用偶联剂例如DCC、CDI、EDC,任选地使用叔胺碱和/或催化剂例如DMAP酰胺化,从而得到化合物AA。商购的马来酰亚胺衍生物BB可与式D的脂肪酸使用偶联剂例如HATU或EDCI偶联得到式CC的化合物。化合物AA可与式CC化合物在溶剂(例如乙腈)中偶联得到式DD化合物。
方案9
其中R4、a、r和s如上面所定义。
商购的氨基酸酯EE可与式D的脂肪酸使用偶联剂例如EDCI或HATU偶联,然后碱性水解该甲基酯得到式FF的化合物。式FF的化合物可与商购BOC-氨基酸衍生物GG使用偶联剂例如EDCI或HATU偶联。可通过用酸(例如TFA或HC1)处理除去BOC基团得到式HH化合物,该式HH化合物然后可与化合物A偶联得到式II的化合物。
实例
本发明进一步通过以下实施例来说明,这些实施例不应被理解为在范围或精神上将本发明限于本申请所述的具体操作。应当理解的是,提供这些实施例用于说明一些实施方案,并且应当理解的是并不打算通过这些实施例来限制本发明的范围。还应理解的是,可以借助本领域技术人员会想到的各种其他实施方案、改变以及它们的等效物,但不背离本发明的主旨和/或随附权利要求的范围。
实例1
脂肪酸衍生物对HepG2细胞中ApoAl和ApoB分泌的作用
烟酸已被报导在体内增加HDL至LDL胆固醇的血清水平。类似地,烟酸已被报导在HePG2培养物的介质上清液中增加ApoAl的分泌(Jin,F-Y.等人Arterioscler.Thromb.Vase.Biol.[药动脉硬化血管血栓生物学]1997,2020-2028)同时抑制ApoB的分泌(Jin,F-Y.等人Arterioscler.Thromb.Vase.Biol.[药动脉硬化血管血栓生物学]1999,19,1051-1059)。独立地,DHA已被证明通过差别很大的机制也能降低ApoB(Pan,M.等人J.Clin.Invest.[临床研究杂志]2004,113,1277-1287)。因此,ApoAl和ApoB自HepG2细胞的分泌具有作为对于烟酸-DHA衍生物小分子基于细胞的读出(cell,based read-out)的用途。
将HepG2细胞(ATCC)以10,000个细胞/孔接种在96孔板中。粘附过夜后,除去生长介质(10%FBS于DMEM中)并且使细胞在含0.1%无脂肪酸的牛血清白蛋白(Sigma)的DMEM中血清饥饿24小时。然后将细胞用6个浓度(以100开始的2倍稀释液)的化合物处理。将浓度为1.5mM的烟酸用作阳性对照。所有处理一式三份地进行。与化合物处理同时进行的是,通过添加与无脂肪酸的BSA以5:1摩尔比络合的0.1油酸酯来剌激ApoB分泌。用化合物和油酸酯孵育24小时。除去介质上清液并用ELISA试剂盒(Mabtech AB)测量ApoAl和ApoB的浓度。ApoAl被表达为超出媒介物(0.1%乙醇)处理的孔的增加百分比。通过将数据标准化为媒介物处理的孔来确定ApoB分泌的抑制百分比。对于给定的化合物,通过使用4参数-拟合抑制曲线模型(GraphPad)确定IC50(ApoB分泌的50%受到抑制的浓度)。在每个实验中,使用ATPlite 1-步试剂盒(Perkin Elmer)确定细胞活力,从而可监测化合物因细胞毒性所具有的作用。
实例2
本发明化合物在PCSK9测定中的作用
细胞培养物
将HepG2细胞(来自ATCC,目录编号:HB-8065)维持在补充有10%胎牛血清(Invitrogen)的DMEM(Invitrogen)中。在PCSK9测定的前一天,将细胞以25,000个细胞/孔接种在胶原涂覆的96-孔板中。
化合物制剂
在使用前,将本发明化合物在-20℃贮存。将测试化合物溶解在100%乙醇中得到50mM储备溶液。然后将该储备溶液在FBS中稀释至最终浓度为ImM。将该溶液在超声水浴中放置30分钟。然后在补充有等体积乙醇的FBS中制备连续稀释液并通过涡动来混合。
PCSK9分泌测定
在所述测定的前一天,将HepG2细胞如上所述接种在胶原涂覆的96-孔板(Becton Dickinson,目录编号:35-4407)上。第二天,除去细胞介质,用100μL无血清DMEM洗涤一次以除去任意残留的PCSK9,并用90L无血清DMEM置换。然后加入在FBS中制备的每种浓度化合物各十毫升。一式三份地测试每种化合物浓度。将该化合物与所述细胞一起过夜孵育16小时。该孵育后,向每个孔中加入10L阿尔玛蓝(AlamarBlue)中并将细胞再孵育2小时。然后移去所述板并测量阿尔玛蓝荧光(激发波长为550nm和发射波长(excitation)为590nm)以评估细胞活力。然后将细胞培养物上清液在1x RD5P Calibrator稀释剂中以1:5稀释,然后根据制造商的指示用50L该经稀释的样品进行PCSK9ELISA。在Victor X5多标记板读数器(PerkinElmer)上在450nm测量该ELISA的吸收度,其中在550nm测量背景校正(该PCSK9Elisa试剂盒可购自R&D System,目录编号:DPC900)。
在该PCSK9测定中评价以下3个化合物:N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(1-8)、N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)苯甲酰胺(II-1)和(5Z,8Z,llZ,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-乙酰胺基乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(化合物A)。如图1中所总结,化合物I-8和II-1在该测定中是具有活性的,并且这两种化合物在25和50μm时显示PCSK9的显著降低。化合物A(具有简单的乙酸酯基团而不是芳基或杂芳基的烟酸)在最高测试浓度50μm时对PCSK9基本不表现出活性。
可任选地,当该类型测定用至少6个不同测试化合物浓度进行时也可得到IC50。表1列出了在该测定中测试的化合物的IC50值。在表1中,a++值表示IC50<25μM;a+值表示IC50是>25μM但是<50μM;a-值表示IC50>50μM。
图2总结的实验证明该脂肪酸烟酸衍生物在相同HepG2测定中的协同作用。将HepG2细胞与10μM阿托伐他汀+化合物I-8一起孵育或与10μM阿托伐他汀以及EPA和烟酸的组合一起孵育。如图2中所示,阿托伐他汀增加了PCSK9的分泌。化合物I-8以剂量应答方式降低PCSK9水平至刚好低于阿托伐他汀浓度(level)诱导的水平。EPA和烟酸的组合不具有类似作用。
表1.PCSK9测定中的IC50
化合物 | IC50 | 化合物 | IC50 | 化合物 | IC50 |
I-2 | ++ | I-34 | ++ | II-39 | ++ |
I-7 | ++ | I-41 | ++ | V-2 | + |
I-8 | ++ | I-42 | – | V-8 | ++ |
I-13 | + | I-48 | ++ | VI-1 | – |
I-14 | ++ | I-49 | + | VI-2 | + |
I-19 | ++ | I-59 | – | VI-3 | – |
I-21 | ++ | I-60 | – | VI-4 | – |
I-22 | ++ | I-61 | – | VI-5 | + |
I-23 | ++ | I-64 | + | VI-6 | + |
I-25 | + | II-1 | + | VI-7 | ++ |
I-26 | + | II-7 | – | VII-1 | ++ |
I-27 | ++ | II-8 | – | VII-2 | ++ |
I-28 | ++ | II-9 | + | VII-3 | ++ |
I-29 | ++ | II-10 | – | VII-4 | ++ |
I-30 | + | II-11 | _ | VII-5 | ++ |
I-31 | ++ | II-33 | ++ | VII-6 | ++ |
I-32 | ++ | II-34 | ++ | VII-7 | ++ |
I-33 | ++ | II-36 | ++ | VII-8 | ++ |
化合物 | IC50 | 化合物 | IC50 | 化合物 | IC50 |
VII-9 | + | VII-16 | + | VII-24 | – |
VII-10 | ++ | VII-17 | ++ | VII-25 | ++ |
VII-11 | – | VII-19 | ++ | VII-41 | + |
VII-12 | – | VII-20 | ++ | VII-42 | ++ |
VII-13 | ++ | VII-21 | ++ | III-1 | – |
VII-14 | + | VII-22 | ++ | III-2 | – |
VII-15 | ++ | VII-23 | ++ | III-3 | ++ |
实例3
髙脂肪饮食后降低血浆甘油三酯的作用
在该实验中,将健康的人类志愿者分成4个处理组。第一个处理组为安慰剂组(n=6)。其他三个组由以单一口服剂量形式按300mg(n=6)、1000mg(n=7)或2000mg(n=4)给药的测试化合物、脂肪酸烟酸缀合物组成。向所有受试者都给药NIH高脂肪早餐,目的是诱导升高水平的甘油三酯(在通常的NIH高脂肪早餐中,450卡路里来自脂肪)。然后将所述测试化合物以单一口服剂量形式按三种所示剂量在三个不同的时间点给药:在高脂肪饮食后立即给药、在高脂肪饮食后2小时给药和在高脂肪饮食后4小时给药。在每个时间点,可根据标准方案确定血浆甘油三酯水平。在这些不同时间点降低血浆甘油三酯水平的测试化合物用于治疗I型高脂蛋白血症和5型高脂蛋白血症。
实例4
本发明化合物对血脂障碍Zucker fa/fa大鼠模型的血浆甘油三酯水平的作用
将8-10周龄的雄性Zucker大鼠l(HsdHlr:Zucker-Lepr^fa)购自Harlan并在该研究期间以普瑞纳啮齿动物膳食(Purina Rodent Diet)(5001)饲养。将动物随机化并根据体重和血浆甘油三酯(TG)水平指定为处理组(treatmen tarm)(n=8)。该研究的入选标准包括体重>300克,和血浆中进食后的TG水平>800mg/dL。给药在第1天开始并且持续进行至第5天。对于所有处理组,给药是通过口服强饲(po)每日进行的(以4种不同的剂量即10、30、100和300mg/kg口服给药化合物I-8;此外,还采用了100/200mg/kg比例的烟酸/EPA组合)。在第1-5天测量所有大鼠的体重。在第4天,从每只大鼠收集血液样品(进食后的),加工得到血浆并在-80℃贮存。通过商业试剂盒使用标准方案确定血浆甘油三酯水平。图3显示了在口服给药化合物I-8后,进食后血浆甘油三酯水平的剂量依赖性降低。如图3中所示,该作用不能通过烟酸和EPA的简单组合来复制。由于化合物I-8能够降低进食后血浆甘油三酯,它对于治疗血脂障碍以及其他疾病例如I型高脂蛋白血症和5型高脂蛋白血症是有用的。
实例5
在ApoE3Leiden小鼠中,化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合对血浆胆固醇和其他脂质的作用.
该研究是用雌性APOE*3Leiden小鼠(各为n=10的组)和普通饮食(chow)的未经处理参照组(n=5)进行的。为了诱导血脂障碍,向该小鼠喂食高胆固醇西方(Western)型饮食(含有1%胆固醇、15%可可脂、40.5%蔗糖和1%玉米油(WTD)),保持总计20周的实验时间(其中的4周为磨合期(run-inperiod))。为了防止测试化合物(I-8)氧化,向高胆固醇饮食中加入30mg/kga-生育酚,即向高胆固醇饮食对照中也加入30mg/kga-生育酚。
在前4周(磨合期)中,在所有小鼠中,通过向它们喂食含1%胆固醇的致动脉粥样化饮食来诱导以升高的血浆胆固醇水平(约15-20mM)为特征的血脂障碍的致粥样化前状态(pro-atherogenic state)。然后将所述小鼠分成对照组(未处理)和三个处理组:i)化合物I-8,ii)阿托伐他汀,和iii)化合物I-8+阿托伐他汀,如下所述。基于在t=0时在4小时空腹血定到的血浆胆固醇对这些脂质异常小鼠进行分组。将磨合期后具有低胆固醇的小鼠排除在外从而获得均态的实验组。一组参照小鼠(n=5)在整个研究期间保持普通饮食(正常脂质的参比小鼠)。
所述测试化合物的剂量如下:
-化合物I-8:0.75%w/w于饮食中。
-阿托伐他汀:0.0015%w/w于饮食中(从而实现血浆胆固醇减少了20%)。
-α-生育酚:0.0030%w/w于饮食中。
在处理期开始前(t=0)通过以下方式配制测试化合物(对于约3kg的饮食(即,25g化合物I-8是足够的)和α-生育酚(>200mg),该方式为将该化合物添加至熔融的手捂热的可可脂中并搅拌5分钟。然后将该混合物添加至主混合物(含有剩余的成分)中并且充分混合。将所述饮食冷冻至-20℃。第二天,将该饮食碎成小球粒(每粒约5g)并冷冻干燥,在使用前,在-20℃贮存在真空密封的袋子(约500g)中。每天都更新该饮食并且将未使用的饮食丢掉。
在所指示的时间点记录以下参数(逐一记录,除非另有说明):
1)在-4、0、2、4周时的体重
2)在0、2、4周时的食物摄取量(g/日/小鼠)(每只笼子)
3)在-4、0、2、4周时的血浆总胆固醇(单个个体)
4)在-4、0、2、4周时的血浆甘油三酯(单个个体)
5)在0(所有动物群)和4周时的脂蛋白分布(在具有VLDL、LDL和HDL-尺寸的颗粒范围内的胆固醇分布,分析组水平)。
在-4、0、2和4周内收集EDTA血浆。立即分析新鲜血浆中的血浆胆固醇水平、血浆甘油三酯水平和脂蛋白分布。图4示出了在处理的t=2周时,所述对照组、用化合物I-8处理的组、用阿托伐他汀处理的组和用化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合处理的组之间的胆固醇水平。对于用化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀中的任一个处理的组,在t=2周时血浆胆固醇存在统计学显著的降低。用化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合处理的组显示血浆胆固醇有更大程度的减少。图5和图6分别示出了在处理了4周后,血浆胆固醇和血浆甘油三酯的水平。如图5中所示,在处理了4周后,在所有处理组中,血浆胆固醇水平的降低得以维持。在用化合物I-8或阿托伐他汀处理的组中观察到可比水平的胆固醇降低。在用化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合处理的组中观察到血浆胆固醇的显著降低。
图6示出了在处理了4周后,相同处理组中的相应的血浆甘油三酯水平。在处理了4周后,用化合物I-8处理的ApoE*3Leiden小鼠显示出甘油三酯的显著降低。形成鲜明对比的是,用阿托伐他汀处理的ApoE*3Leiden小鼠在处理了4周后甘油三酯水平没有显示出统计学显著的变化。在处理了4周后,用化合物I-8和阿托伐他汀的组合处理的ApoE*3Leiden小鼠的血浆甘油三酯显示出显著降低。
实例7
给药化合物I-8对ApoE*3Leiden小鼠的肝脏重量的作用
使用与在实施例6中使用的实验设计相同的实验设计。使用两个处理组(n=15)。使对照动物继续保持在西方(Western)型饮食(WTD),该饮食由1%胆固醇、15%可可脂、40.5%蔗糖和1%玉米油组成。对于所述处理组,将化合物I-8在上述WTD中以7.5g/kg的比例给药。使动物在WTD或处理组保持16周。该研究结或时,记录血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯水平以及肝脏的重量。在该处理组中,血浆胆固醇水平、甘油三酯水平以及肝脏重量存在显著降低。处理16周后,该处理组的胆固醇水平为420mg/dL,相比之下对照组的水平为750mg/dL;甘油三酯水平为110mg/dL,相比之下对照组的水平为160mg/dL。肝脏重量的统计学显著下降在图7中示出。
化合物
以下非限制化合物实施例用于说明所述脂肪酸烟酸衍生物的其他实施方案。应当理解的是,在实施例部分中列出的任意实施方案为所述脂肪酸烟酸衍生物的实施方案,并因此适于用在上述方法和组合物中。
实例8
制备7V-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)烟酰胺(I-7)
在通常的操作中,将烟酸(2.0g,16.2mmol)与草酰氯(1.4mL,16.2mmol)一起吸收在CH2Cl2(20mL)中。加入几滴DMF后,将反应混合物在室温搅拌直到所有固体都已溶解并且所有气体放出都已停止(1小时)。在0℃,将该新鲜制备的酰氯溶液滴加至含2-氨基乙基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2.6g,16.2mmol)和Et3N(3.4mL,24.2mmol)/CH2Cl2(200mL)的溶液中。将所得反应混合物温热至室温并搅拌2小时。然后将其用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(CH2Cl2)纯化得到2-(烟酰胺基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(3.1g,74%)。
将2-(烟酰胺基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(3.1g,11.7mmol)吸收在25%TFA/CH2Cl2(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温静置1小时。此时,形成相当大量的沉淀,除去澄清滤液。将剩余的固体干燥得到N-(2-氨基乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐(1.6g)。
将N-(2-氨基乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐(5.0mmol)与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸(5.0mmol)、HATU(5.5mmol)和DIEA(15mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(20mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时并用EtOAc稀释。将有机层用饱和NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(5%MeOH-CH2Cl2)纯化得到N-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)烟酰胺。C30H41N3O2的MS计算值:475.32;475.32;实测值:[M+H]+476。
实例9
制备N-(2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基乙基)烟酰胺(I-8)
将N-(2-氨基乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐(1.6g,5.7mmol)与(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酸(1.7g,5.7mmol)、HATU(2.4g,6.3mmol)和DIEA(3mL,17mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(15mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时并用EtOAc稀释。将有机层用饱和NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(5%MeOH-CH2Cl2)纯化得到N-(2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基乙基)烟酰胺(1.6g,62%)。C28H39N302的MS计算值:449.3;实测值:[M+H]+450。
实例10
制备N-(2-(2-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-3)
将胱胺二盐酸盐(1.0g,4.44mmol)溶解在MeOH(50mL)中。在室温,加入三乙胺(1.85mL,3eq),然后滴加Boc2O(0.97g,4.44mmol)(为于MeOH(5mL)中的溶液)。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时。然后将其减压浓缩并将所得残余物吸收在1M的NaH2PO4水溶液(20mL)中。将水层用戊烷/EtOAc的1:1溶液(10mL)洗涤,用1M NaOH水溶液碱化至pH 9并用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩得到2-(2-(2-氨基乙基)二硫烷基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(500mg,44%)。
单独地,将烟酸(246mg,2.0mmol)与2-(2-(2-氨基乙基)二硫烷基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(503mg,2.0mmol),EDCI(422mg,2.2mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌4小时,然后用EtOAc稀释。有机层用稀的NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(CH2Cl2)纯化得到2-(2-(2-(烟酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(400mg,56%)。
将2-(2-(2-(烟酰胺基)乙基)二硫烷基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(200mg,0.56mmol)吸收在25%TFA/CH2C12溶液(5mL)中并使其在室温静置4小时。然后减压浓缩反应混合物得到N-(2-(2-(2-氨基乙基)二硫烷基)乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐。将该物质与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸(184mg,0.56mmol)、HATU(234mg,0.62mmol)和DIEA(0.30mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。然后将其用EtOAc稀释并依次用饱和NaHCO3水溶液和盐水洗涤。将有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(5%MeOH-CH2Cl2)纯化得到(N-(2-(2-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)二硫烷基)乙基_烟酰胺(300mg,86%)。C32H45N3O2S2的MS计算值:567.3;实测值:[M+H]+568。
实例11
制备N-(2-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙氧基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-1)
在通常的操作中,将氢氧化钠(400mg,10mmol)溶解在MeOH(70mL)中并加入2-(2-氨基乙氧基)乙胺二盐酸盐(1.0g,5.65mmol)。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌30分钟。然后在室温历时15分钟的一段时间滴加含Boc2O(740mg,3.40mmol)的于THF(15mL)中的溶液。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时。然后将其减压浓缩。将所得残余物吸收在CH2Cl2(200mL)中并在室温剧烈搅拌4小时。过滤混合物并减压浓缩滤液得到2-(2-氨基乙氧基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(850mg,74%)。
然后将2-(2-氨基乙氧基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(420,2.06mmol)与烟酸(253mg,2.06mmol)和EDCI(434mg,2.3mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(20mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时。然后将其用EtOAc(20mL)稀释,用饱和NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(9:1CH2Cl2/MeOH)纯化得到2-(2-(烟酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(280mg,44%)。C15H23N3O4的MS计算值:309.17;实测值:[M+H]+310。
将2-(2-(烟酰胺基)乙氧基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(140mg,0.453mmol)吸收在25%TFA/CH2C12(10mL)中。使反应混合物在室温静置2小时,并且然后减压浓缩得到N(2-(2-氨基乙氧基)乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐。然后将该物质与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸(148mg,0.453mmol)、HATU(190mg,0.498mmol)和DIEA(0.24mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。然后将其用EtOAc稀释并依次用饱和NaHCO3水溶液和盐水洗涤。将有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(9:1CH2Cl2/MeOH)纯化得到N-(2-(2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙氧基)乙基)烟酰胺(75mg,31%)。C31H46N2O5的MS计算值:526.34;实测值:[M+H]+527。
实例12
制备N-(2-((2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-2)
将N1-(2-氨基乙基)-N1-甲基乙烷-1,2-二胺(5.0g,42.7mmol)溶解在CH2C12(100mL)中并冷却至0℃。然后在0℃,历时15分钟的一段时间滴加Boc2O(0.93g,4.27mmol)于CH2C12(10mL)中的溶液。将所得反应混合物在0℃搅拌30分钟,然后温热至室温。在室温搅拌2小时后,将反应混合物用CH2C12(100mL)稀释。有机层用盐水(3x 25mL)洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩得到2-((2-氨基乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(1.1g)。
将2-((2-氨基乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(400mg,1.84mmol)与烟酸(227mg,1.84mmol)和EDCI(353mg,2.02mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时,然后用EtOAc稀释。将有机层用饱和NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(5%MeOH-CH2Cl2)纯化得到2-(甲基(2-(烟酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(180mg,30%)。C16H26N4O3的MS计算值:322.2;实测值:[M+H]+323。
将2-(甲基(2-(烟酰胺基)乙基)氨基)乙基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(90mg,0.279mmol)吸收在25%TFA/CH2C12溶液(5mL)中并使其在室温静置3小时。将反应混合物减压浓缩得到N-(2-((2-氨基乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)烟酰胺的TFA盐。将该物质与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸(90mg,0.279mmol)、HATU(117mg,0.31mmol)和DIEA(0.15mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。然后将其用EtOAc稀释并依次用饱和NaHCO3水溶液和盐水洗涤。将有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(5%MeOH-CH2Cl2)纯化得到N-(2-((2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基乙基)(甲基)氨基)乙基)烟酰胺(30mg,20%)。C33H48N402的MS计算值:532.38;实测值:[M+H]+533。
实例13
制备(2S,3R)-3-((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯(1-9)
将L-丙氨酸甲基酯盐酸盐(0.85g,6.1mmol)与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酸(2.0g,6.1mmol)、EDCI(1.3g,6.72mmol)和DIEA(1.3mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(20mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌1小时。然后将其用EtOAc稀释并用稀的NaHC03水溶液和盐水洗涤。有机层用Na2S04干燥,过滤并减压浓缩得到(S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酸甲酯(2.0g,79%)。
将(S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酸甲酯(2.0g,4.8mmol)与5M NaOH水溶液(5mL)一起吸收在THF(8mL)中,并在室温剧烈搅拌3小时。将反应混合物用水稀释并减压浓缩。然后加入足量的6N HC1以将pH调整为2。将所得混合物用EtOAc萃取。合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩得到(S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酸。将该物质与N-Boc-L-苏氨酸甲基酯(1.11g,4.78mmol)、HATU(2.0g,5.3mmol)和DIEA(1.2mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(15mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌6小时并用EtOAc稀释。将有机层用NaHCO3、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(CH2C12)纯化得到(2S,3R)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基)-3-((S)2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)丁酸甲基酯(1.0g)。
将(2S,3R)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基)-3-((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)丁酸甲基酯(300mg,0.488mmol)吸收在4M HC1/二噁烷(2mL)中并使其在室温静置10分钟。然后将反应混合物用稀EtOAc释并减压浓缩得到(2S,3R)-2-氨基-3-((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)丁酸甲基酯的HCl盐。将该物质与烟酸(60mg,0.488mmol)、HATU(204mg,0.54mmol)和DIEA(0.25mL,1.46mmol)一起吸收在CH3CN(5mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌1小时并减压浓缩。将所得油状残余物通过硅胶色谱法(9:1CH2Cl2/MeOH)纯化得到(2S,3R)-3-((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯(120mg,40%)。C36H49N3O6的MS计算值:619.36;实测值:[M+H]+620。
实例14
制备(2S,3R)-3-((S)-2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯(1-10)
使用与上面就制备(2S,3R)-3-((S)-2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)丙酰基氧基)-2-(烟酰胺基)丁酸甲基酯所述的合成顺序相同的合成顺序,不同的是使用(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酸(EPA)代替DHA。C34H47N3O6的MS计算值:593.35;实测值:[M+H]+594。
实例15
制备(S)-6-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯(1-11)
将H-赖氨酸-(BOC)-OMe盐酸盐(500mg,1.68mmol)与烟酸(207mg,1.68mmol)、EDCI(354mg,1.85mmol)和DIEA(0.90mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时并用EtOAc稀释。有机层用稀的NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(CH2Cl2)纯化得到((S)-6-(叔丁氧基羰基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯(520mg,85%)。
将(S)-6-(叔丁氧基羰基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯(260mg,0.71mmol)吸收在4M HCl/二噁烷(2mL)中并使其在室温静置1小时。将反应混合物用EtOAc稀释并减压浓缩得到(S)-6-氨基-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯的HCl盐。将该物质与(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,5,13,16,19-六烯酸(233mg,0.71mmol)、HATU(297mg,0.78mmol)和DIEA(0.4mL)一起吸收在CH3CN(10mL)中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时并用EtOAc稀释。有机层用稀的NaHCO3水溶液、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。通过硅胶色谱法(9:1CH2Cl2/MeOH)纯化得到(S)-6-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)-2-(烟酰胺基)己酸甲基酯(280mg,72%)。C35H49N3O4的MS计算值:575.37;实测值:[M+H]+576。
实例16
制备N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-15)
根据实例8中描述的操作制备N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺,用商购(2-氨基乙基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯代替二胺,和用EPA代替脂肪酸组分。C29H41N3O2的MS计算值:463.32;实测值:[M+H]+464。
实例17
制备N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-31):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺,用商购4-(氨基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯代替二胺,和用EPA代替脂肪酸组分。C32H45N3O2的MS计算值:503.35;实测值:[M+H]+504。
实例18
制备(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((1-烟酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-29):
将商购4-(氨基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1mmol)与EPA(1mmol)和EDC(1.1mmol)一起吸收在25mL CH2C12中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌4小时,然后用饱和NH4C1、盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法纯化(95%CH2C12,5%MeOH)得到4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。将4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(0.5mmol)吸收在3mL 4N HC1/二噁烷中并将其在室温搅拌15分钟。将所得反应混合物用EtOAc稀释并减压浓缩得到(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(哌啶-4-基甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺的HCl盐。将该物质与烟酸(0.5mmol)、HATU(1.1mmol)和DIEA(0.75mmol)一起吸收在20mL CH2C12中。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌6小时。然后将其用饱和NH4Cl、盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(95%CH2C12,5%MeOH)纯化得到(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((1-烟酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺。C32H45N3O2的MS计算值:503.35;实测值:[M+H]+504。
实例19
制备N-(((lR,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-41):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备N-(((lR,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)甲基)烟酰胺,用商购((1r,4r)-4-(氨基甲基)环己基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯作为二胺。C33H47N3O2的MS计算值:517.37;实测值:[M+H]+518。
实例20
制备N-((S)-l-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-基)-3-甲基-1-氧代丁-2-基)烟酰胺(I-51):
在0℃,向(S)-2-(((苄基氧基)羰基)氨基)-3-甲基丁酸(25.1g,100mmol)、EDC.HCl(23g,120mmol)、HOBt(16.2g,120mmol)和Boc-哌嗪(18.6g,100mmol)于250mL CH2C12中的悬浮液中加入Et3N(20.2g,200mmol)。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时,然后用CH2C12(250mL)稀释。将有机层用饱和NH4Cl水溶液(3x 200mL)和盐水(3x 200mL)洗涤。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥并且在减压下浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法纯化(EtOAc/戊烷)得到20.0g(S)-4-(2-(((苄基氧基)羰基)氨基)-3-甲基丁酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(48%)。
将(S)-4-(2-(((苄基氧基)羰基)氨基)-3-甲基丁酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(20.0g,47.7mmol)和10%Pd/C(2g)于MeOH(150mL)中的混合物在室温和1个大气压的氢气下搅拌18小时。用硅藻土过滤该溶液,减压浓缩滤液得到(S)-4-(2-氨基-3-甲基丁酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(11.4g,40mmol),为白色固体(84%)。然后用实例8中描述的操作制备N-((S)-1-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-基)-3-甲基-1-氧代丁-2-基)烟酰胺,用(S)-4-(2-(((苄基氧基)羰基)氨基)-3-甲基丁酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯代替所述二胺组分。C35H46N4O3的MS计算值:574.39;实测值:[M+H]+575。
实例21
制备N-(4-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)烟酰胺(I-56):
在0℃,向4-硝基苯甲酸(16.7g,100mmol)、EDC.HC1(22.92g,120mmol)、HOBt(16.2g,120mmol)和Boc-哌嗪(18.6g,100mmol)于400mL CH2Cl2中的悬浮液中加入Et3N(20.2g,200mmol)。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌18小时,然后用CH2C12(200mL)稀释。将有机层用饱和NH4C1水溶液(3x 200mL)和盐水(3x 200mL)洗涤。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥并且在减压下浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法纯化(EtOAc/戊烷)得到20g 4-(4-硝基苯甲酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(60%)。
将4-(4-硝基苯甲酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(20g,60mmol)和10%Pd/C(4g)于MeOH(600mL)中的混合物在室温和1个大气压氢气下搅拌18小时。将所述溶液用硅藻土过滤,减压浓缩滤液得到18g 4-(4-氨基苯甲酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯,为白色固体(100%)。
然后根据实例8中所述的操作制备N-(4-(4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)烟酰胺,用4-(4-氨基苯甲酰基)哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯代替该二胺组分。C37H46N4O3的MS计算值:594.36;实测值:[M+H]+595。
实例22
制备N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-57):
用与实例21中描述的操作相同的操作制备(2-(2-(甲基氨基)乙酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯,用2-(((苄基氧基)羰基)(甲基)氨基)乙酸和(2-氨基乙基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯代替作为适当的起始物质。然后根据实例18中描述的操作用(2-(2-(甲基氨基)乙酰胺基)乙基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯制备N-(2-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺C31H44N4O3的MS计算值:520.34;实测值:[M+H]+521。
实例23
制备N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌
啶-4-基)甲基)-N-甲基烟酰胺(I-62):
将N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺(实例17)用作起始物质。
在氩气下,向0.4mmol N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺中加入1mL DMF,然后加入3.0当量60%NaH和1.3当量碘甲烷。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌1小时,然后用半饱和NH4C1淬灭。将所述混合物用乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释。分离出有机层并用盐水(3x 10mL)洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(用0-10%甲醇/二氯甲烷进行梯度洗脱)纯化得到N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-N-甲基烟酰胺(95%)。C33H47N3O2的MS计算值:517.37;实测值:[M+H]+518。
实例24
制备N-((4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-64):
将2-氰基乙酰胺(50g,595mmol)、吡啶(4.7g,60mmol)和DMF(91g,1.26mol)的混合物冷却至-10℃。然后历时2小时时间向冷却的混合物中滴加POCl3。加入结束后,将反应混合物倒入冰水(2L)中,然后加入足量的30%NaOH水溶液以调整为pH=3。将所得混合物用乙酸乙酯(3x 1L)萃取。将合并的有机层干燥(Na2SO4)并减压浓缩得到45g 2-((二甲基氨基)亚甲基)丙二腈(62%)。
向冰冷却的甲醇钠(15.9g,294mmol)于甲醇(150mL)中的溶液中加入乙眯盐酸盐(27.9g,292mmol)。将反应混合物搅拌10分钟并快速过滤除去沉淀的氯化钠。向冷却的滤液中历时30分钟时间加入2-((二甲基氨基)亚甲基)丙二腈(32.4g,223mmol)于甲醇(100mL)中的溶液。在室温搅拌12小时后,将混合物冷却至0℃,过滤收集沉淀物并干燥,得到29g 4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲腈(97%)。
在高压釜中,将4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲腈(16g,119mmol)、改性兰尼镍(湿重:15g)和饱和氨的甲醇溶液(200mL)的混合物加热至60℃并在该温度和4MPa氢气压下揽拌24小时。将所得反应混合物冷却至室温并过滤。减压浓缩滤液,将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(CH2Cl2/MeOH=30/l至10/1)纯化得到14.8g 5-(氨基甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-胺(90%)。
将5-(氨基甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-胺(10g,72.5mmol)溶解在100mLCH2C12的50mL甲醇中,加入三乙胺(8mL,109mmol),然后加入(Boc)2O。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌12小时,并且然后减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(CH2Cl2/MeOH=50/l)纯化得到14.63g((4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(85%)。
C11H18N4O2的MS计算值:238.2;实测值:239.1[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO_d6):δ7.80(s,1H),7.24-7.28(t,J=11.1Hz,1H),6.64(s,2H),3.86-3.88(d,J=6Hz,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.37(s,9H)。
向1g(4.2mmol)((4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯/20mL二氯甲烷+20mL二甲基甲酰胺中加入0.9当量的(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酸、1.2当量的EDC、1.2当量的HOBt和6当量的三乙胺。将反应混合物用氮气吹洗并使反应在室温进行。结束后,将粗制反应混合物用半饱和NH4C1、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(使用CH2Cl2/MeOH混合物(洗脱梯度为0-10%甲醇/二氯甲烷))纯化得到N-((4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)烟酰胺,分离收率为40%。将该中间体溶解在THF中,向其中加入4当量4N HCl/二噁烷并将反应混合物搅拌45分钟。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释并减压浓缩得到(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(5-(氨基甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺盐酸盐。
向1.15mmol(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(5-(氨基甲基)-2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺盐酸盐/2mL二甲基甲酰胺中加入1.1当量烟酸,然后加入1.2当量HATU和6.0当量二异丙基乙基胺。将所得反应混合物在室温搅拌16小时。将粗制反应混合物用半饱和NH4C1、盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并减压浓缩。将所得残余物通过硅胶色谱法(使用CH2Cl2/MeOH混合物(洗脱梯度为0-10%甲醇/二氯甲烷))纯化得到N-((4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)烟酰胺(30%)。C32H41N5O2的MS计算值:527.33;实测值:[M+H]+528。
实例25
制备2-氟-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(VI-7):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备2-氟-N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺,用2-氟烟酸代替作为适当的起始物质。C28H38FN3O2的MS计算值:467.29;实测值:[M+H]+468。
实例28
制备N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2甲酰胺(VII-4):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-5-甲基-4-氧代-5-苯基-4,5-二氢呋喃-2-甲酰胺,用阿昔呋喃代替作为适当的起始物质。C36H46N2O4的MS计算值:570.35;实测值:[M+H]+571。
实例29:
制备2-(((S)-l-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物(VII-12):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备2-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)-5-甲基吡嗪1-氧化物,用阿昔莫司代替作为适当的起始物质。C30H42N4O4的MS计算值:506.33;实测值:[M+H]+507。
实例30
制备(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-28):
根据实例8中描述的操作制备(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-l-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)一十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺,用2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酸代替作为适当的起始物质。C41H51C1N2O4的MS计算值:670.35;实测值:[M+H]+671。
本发明在范围上并不受实例中披露的具体实施方案的限制,这些实例意在说明本发明的几个方面,并且功能上等同的任意实施方案在本发明的范围内。实际上,除了本申请所示和所描述的那些变化外,本发明的多种改变对于本领域技术人员也是明显的并且预期落入随附权利要求的范围内。将本申请引用的所有专利、专利申请和出版物以其全文通过引用结合在此。
等效物
本领域技术人员仅仅使用常规实验就会认识到或能够确定在此确切描述的具体实施方案的多个等效物。这样的等效物预期落在以下权利要求的范围内。
Claims (98)
1.一种治疗代谢疾病的方法,包括通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的脂肪酸生物活性物衍生物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9)的产生或降低前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9)的血清水平。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成但不限于:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成但不限于:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
8.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成但不限于:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
9.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成但不限于:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
10.一种式II’的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体
其中
Rn为苯基、萘基、杂芳基或杂环;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
W3独立地为O或不存在;
R12独立地为H、OH、OR”、R”或OC(O)R”,其中R”独立地为C1-C6烷基;
每个m1独立地为0、1、2或3;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式II’化合物的W1侧连接;
条件是当L独立地为-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、 时、则Rn不是 并且其中g、h、k、R、R3、R5和Z如下所定义;
并且进一步条件是Rn不是:
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
m2为0、1、2、3、4或5;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
11.一种药物组合物,包含如权利要求10所述的化合物以及药学上可接受的载体。
12.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求11所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
17.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
18.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
19.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳酸)。
20.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
21.一种式VI的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
R11独立地为H、-OH、-OC(O)-R、-O-芳基、-芳基、-杂芳基或-杂环基;
R13独立地为H、C1-C3烷基、-OH、-OC(O)-R或卤素;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式VI化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
22.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求21所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
24.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
25.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
26.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
27.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
28.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
29.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
30.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中该方法进一给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
31.一种式VII的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
Rx独立地是
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式VII化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
32.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求31所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
33.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
34.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
35.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
36.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
37.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
38.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
39.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
40.根据权利要求32所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
41.一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9血清水平的方法,该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为不存在、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式I化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C3烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2或3;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R3独立地为H或者C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成杂环;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H,
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;并且
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、苯基或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
42.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求41所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
43.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
44.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
45.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
46.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
47.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
48.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
49.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
50.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
51.一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9血清水平的方法,所述方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式III化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
R1和R2各自独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)CC1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R7和R8独立地为
H、D、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基和杂环;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个m独立地为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12;
每个R10独立地为-H、直链或支链-C1-C6烷基、-C1-C6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其任选地被一个、两个、三个、四个或五个选自以下的基团取代:OH、CN、卤素、CO2R9、CONHR9、CONR9R9、S(O)2NR9R9、NR9R9、NR9COR9、-(OCH2CH2)m-OCH3;并且
每个R9独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基或直链或支链-C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代。
52.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求51所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
53.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
54.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
55.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
56.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
57.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
58.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
59.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
60.根据权利要求52所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
61.一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9血清水平的方法,该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式IV化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R5各自独立地选自-H、-D、-Cl、-F、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-C(O)H、-C(O)C1-C3烷基、-C(O)OC1-C3烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-C3烷基)、-C(O)N(C1-C3烷基)2、-C1-C6烷基、-O-C1-C3烷基、-S(O)C1-C3烷基和-S(O)2C1-C3烷基、芳基、环烷基、杂环和
R3独立地为H或C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成
f1=1、2、3或4;
f2=l、2或3;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式IV化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2、3、4或5;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H、或
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
条件是
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为不存在并且Z是
则t必须为0;和
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,并且W1和W2各自为不存在时,则Z必须不是
62.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求61所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
63.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
64.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
65.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
66.如申请专利范围第62项之方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
67.如申请专利范围第62项之方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
68.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
69.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
70.根据权利要求62所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
71.一种抑制PCSK9的产生或降低PCSK9血清水平的方法,该方法包括向有此需要的患者给药式V化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、前药、对映异构体或立体异构体;
其中
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、氘、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
R3独立地为H或C1-C6烷基,或者两个R3基团当与它们连接的氮一起时能够形成
f1=1、2、3或4;
W1和W2各自独立地为不存在、O、S、NH、NR,或者W1和W2能够一起形成咪唑烷基团或哌嗪基团,条件是W1和W2不能同时为O;
每个a、b、c和d独立地为-H、-D、-CH3、-OCH3、-OCH2CH3、-C(O)OR、-O-Z或苄基,或者a、b、c和d中的两个与它们连接的单个碳一起形成环烷基或杂环;
每个n、o、p和q独立地为0、1或2;
每个L独立地为-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-、-S-S-、-(C1-C6烷基)-、-(C3-C6环烷基)-、杂环、杂芳基、
其中,L的表示在方向上不限于如所描述的那样从左到右,而是L的左侧或右侧都能够与式V化合物的W1侧连接;
R6独立地为-H、-D、-C1-C4烷基、-卤素、氰基、氧代、硫代羰基、-OH、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-O-芳基、-O-苄基、-OC(O)C1-C4烷基、-C1-C3烯基、-C1-C3炔基、-C(O)C1-C4烷基、-NH2、-NH(C1-C3烷基)、-N(C1-C3烷基)2、-NH(C(O)C1-C3烷基)、-N(C(O)C1-C3烷基)2、-SH、-S(C1-C3烷基)、-S(O)C1-C3烷基、-S(O)2C1-C3烷基;
每个g独立地为2、3或4;
每个h独立地为1、2、3或4;
m为0、1、2、3、4或5;如果m大于1,则L可相同或不同;
m1为0、1、2或3;
k为0、1、2或3;
z为1、2或3;
每个R4独立地为e、H或直链或支链C1-C10烷基,其能够任选地被OH、NH2、CO2R、CONH2、苯基、C6H4OH、咪唑或精氨酸取代;
每个e独立地为H或天然存在的氨基酸的侧链中的任一个;
每个Z独立地为-H、或
条件是在该化合物中存在至少一个
每个r独立地为2、3或7;
每个s独立地为3、5或6;
每个t独立地为0或1;
每个v独立地为1、2或6;
每个R独立地为-H、-C1-C3烷基、或直链或支链C1-C4烷基,其任选地被OH或卤素取代;
条件是
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,W1和W2各自为不存在并且Z是
则t必须为0;和
当m、n、o、p和q各自为0,和W1和W2各自为不存在时,则Z必须不是
72.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的如权利要求71所述的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法。
73.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
74.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
75.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
76.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
77.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
78.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
79.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
80.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
81.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的脂肪酸烟酸缀合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法,该脂肪酸烟酸缀合物选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-7)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-8)
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-1-(4-烟酰基哌嗪-1-基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯-1-酮(I-12)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-l-(4-烟酰基哌嗪-1-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯-1-酮(I-13)
N-(2-((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-甲基二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-14)
N-(2-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)乙基)烟酰胺(I-15)
N-(1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)烟酰胺(I-22)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-23)
N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)烟酰胺(I-24)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(1-烟酰基吡啶-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-28)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((I-烟酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-29)
N((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基哌啶-4-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-31)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-32)
N(((S)-1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-34)
N-(((1R,4R)-4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)环己基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-41)
N-(((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-43)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(((S)-1-烟酰基吡咯烷-3-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(I-46)
N-((4-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基)烟酰胺(I-64)。
82.根据权利要求81所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
83.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
84.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
85.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
86.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
87.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
88.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
89.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包括给药另一种治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
90.一种通过向有此需要的患者给药有效量的所要求的化合物来抑制前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型(PCSK9),从而治疗代谢疾病的方法,其中所要求的化合物是:
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十二碳-4,7,10,13,16,19-六烯酰胺(II-36)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-37)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(2-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰胺基)乙基)-N-甲基二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(II-40)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-[-(1-((52,82,112,142,172)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-19)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-20)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-((S)-1-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-22)
2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-N-(((S)-l-((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰基)吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-2-甲基丙酰胺(VII-24)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-(I-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌啶-4-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-25)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((l-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-26)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)吡咯烷-3-基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-28)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-N-((S)-1-(2-(4-(4-氯苯甲酰基)苯氧基)-2-甲基丙酰基)哌啶-2-基)甲基)二十碳-5,8,11,14,17-五烯酰胺(VII-30)。
91.根据权利要求90所述的方法,其中该代谢疾病选自高甘油三酯血症、重度高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、家族性高胆固醇血症、由遗传条件造成的胆固醇升高、脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪肝病(NFLD)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、血脂障碍、混合型血脂障碍、I型高脂蛋白血症(其能够包括3种亚型:Ia型,也被称作伯格-格吕茨综合征或家族性高乳糜微粒血症;Ib型,也被称作家族性载脂蛋白CII缺乏症,和Ic型)、V型高脂蛋白血症、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性肾病、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病性视网膜病、代谢综合征或心血管疾病。
92.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:阿托伐他汀、西立伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、匹伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀、辛伐他汀、依泽替米贝和依泽替米贝/辛伐他汀组合
93.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ACE抑制剂,该组由以下各项组成:依那普利、雷米普利、喹那普利、培哚普利、赖诺普利、咪达普利、佐芬普利、群多普利、福辛普利和卡托普利。
94.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的贝特类药物,该组由以下各项组成:苯扎贝特、环丙贝特、氯贝丁酯、吉非贝齐和非诺贝特。
95.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的血管紧张素II受体阻断剂(ARB),该组由以下各项组成:替米沙坦、氯沙坦、依贝沙坦、阿齐沙坦和奥美沙坦。
96.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:PCSK9单克隆抗体、生物制剂、小干扰RNA(siRNA)和基因沉默寡核苷酸。
97.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的ω-3脂肪酸,该组由以下各项组成:全顺式-7,10,13-十六碳三烯酸、α-亚麻酸(ALA或全顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)、十八碳四烯酸(STD或全顺式-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸)、二十碳三烯酸(ETE或全顺式-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸)、二十碳四烯酸(ETA或全顺式-8,11,14,17-二十碳四烯酸)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA或全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸)、二十二碳五烯酸(DPA、鰶鱼酸或全顺式-7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳五烯酸)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA或全顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸)、二十四碳五烯酸(全顺式-9,12,15,18,21-二十二碳六烯酸)或二十四碳六烯酸(尼生酸或全顺式-6,9,12,15,18,21-二十四碳烯酸)。
98.根据权利要求91所述的方法,其中该方法进一步包括给药另一种选自下组的治疗剂,该组由以下各项组成:烟酸、阿昔呋喃和阿昔莫司。
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- 2013-05-24 WO PCT/US2013/042693 patent/WO2013177536A2/en active Application Filing
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- 2013-05-24 CN CN201380027530.9A patent/CN104487060A/zh active Pending
- 2013-05-24 CN CN201710061317.XA patent/CN107243078A/zh active Pending
- 2013-05-24 MX MX2014014062A patent/MX2014014062A/es unknown
- 2013-05-24 CA CA2874244A patent/CA2874244A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-05-24 US US14/402,615 patent/US20150344430A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2013-05-24 BR BR112014029245A patent/BR112014029245A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-05-24 US US13/902,360 patent/US20140093513A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-05-27 AR ARP130101843 patent/AR091171A1/es unknown
- 2013-05-27 TW TW102118590A patent/TW201400442A/zh unknown
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2014
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2016
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- 2018-02-23 HK HK18102634.8A patent/HK1243075A1/zh unknown
- 2018-03-14 AU AU2018201804A patent/AU2018201804A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-04-20 JP JP2018081025A patent/JP2018127484A/ja active Pending
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US20110009628A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-13 | Haiyan Liu | Compounds and Compositions for Modulating Lipid Levels and Methods of Preparing Same |
US20110053990A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | Milne Jill C | Fatty acid niacin conjugates and their uses |
WO2011116312A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Catabasis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Fatty acid macrolide derivatives and their uses |
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CN108239073A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 财团法人生物技术开发中心 | 化合物、医药组成物及其用途 |
CN114380991A (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-22 | 河南大学 | 一种聚合物-脂质偶联物及其制备方法和应用 |
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US20150344430A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
AU2013266087A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
CA2874244A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
EP3210972A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
US20140093513A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
IL257665A (en) | 2018-04-30 |
WO2013177536A3 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
KR20150059638A (ko) | 2015-06-01 |
NZ702093A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
MX2014014062A (es) | 2015-08-06 |
US20170144972A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
TW201400442A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
HK1243075A1 (zh) | 2018-07-06 |
AR091171A1 (es) | 2015-01-14 |
IL235862A0 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
AU2018201804A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
WO2013177536A2 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
CN107243078A (zh) | 2017-10-13 |
EP2854787A4 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
JP2018127484A (ja) | 2018-08-16 |
EP2854787A2 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
BR112014029245A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
JP2015517579A (ja) | 2015-06-22 |
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