CN104475425B - The recovery method of waste material more than selective laser sintering indirect forming - Google Patents
The recovery method of waste material more than selective laser sintering indirect forming Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The recovery method of waste material more than a kind of selective laser sintering indirect forming, by being placed in remaining waste material, solvent in hermetic container, and to container vacuum-pumping and be filled with noble gas；Mixed-powder that described remaining waste material refers to the mixed-powder of metal and macromolecular material, pottery and macromolecular material or the first base sintered give up part；With peak temperature for presetting more than fusing point 10 50 DEG C, container is heated, quickly stirring heat-insulation pressure keeping at least 1h, at the end of heat-insulation pressure keeping, stop stirring, and begin to cool down after 0.5 3h；When container is cooled to room temperature, it is separately recovered the metal or ceramic powder particle sunk to the bottom, and it is suspended in the block macromolecular material of solvent surface, that avoids remaining waste material abandons the waste of material brought, the present invention can obtain metal or ceramic powders from remaining waste material separation and recovery well, and macromolecular material, it is achieved that turn waste into wealth, save the purpose of production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to quickly manufacture field, be specifically related to the recovery method of waste material more than a kind of selective laser sintering indirect forming.
Background technology
Selective laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, it is called for short SLS) it is that one uses the powder such as metal, polymer ceramic or macromolecular material to be material, the technology of object is formed by the way of Layered manufacturing, manufacture relative to tradition " subtracting material ", selective laser sintering is kind of an increasing material manufacture method, arbitrarily complicated part can be manufactured, will not be limited by tradition turnning and milling rubbing down technique, utilize material to greatest extent, cycle short low cost, this has great advantage in the field such as Aero-Space, mould.
Prepare metal by SLS molding or ceramic member has two kinds of methods: straight forming method and indirect forming method.Wherein straight forming method is successively to melt metal or ceramic powders by high-power laser beam and shape labyrinth, highdensity part.Indirect forming method is to use the successively molding of lower powered laser beam, and its material is differed bigger one-tenth by two kinds of fusing points and is grouped into, and high-melting-point composition is referred to as matrix material, and low melting point composition is referred to as binding agent.Wherein, matrix material is generally the higher metal of fusing point or ceramic material, and bonding agent is generally the macromolecular material that fusing point is relatively low, such as thermoplastic macromolecule material.
Before SLS indirect forming, need metal or ceramic powder particle are combined with the polymeric powder granule as binding agent, there are two kinds of associated methods at present: one is that polymeric powder carries out mechanical mixture with metal or ceramic powders, another kind is to use special technique that polymeric powder is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface, prepares the mixed-powder granule that composite-grain diameter requires.
Prepare in the technique of metal or ceramic member at Selective Laser Sintering by indirect forming; usually can be left a part of clout (including polymeric powder and metal or the ceramic powder of mixing); this clout, owing to comprising polymeric powder metal or the ceramic powder of the mixing of fixed mixing ratio, limits its range and usually abandoned.And in SLS forming process, there will be and have flaw or underproof just base to give up part, also tend to be dropped, in summary, preparing in the technique of metal or ceramic member at Selective Laser Sintering by indirect forming, the waste of remaining waste material adds the cost that selective laser sintering technique produces.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, the problem existed for prior art, it is provided that one separates and recovers remaining waste material well, the recovery method of waste material more than the selective laser sintering indirect forming turned waste into wealth.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides the recovery method of waste material more than a kind of selective laser sintering indirect forming, comprise the following steps:
Step one: remaining waste material, solvent are placed in hermetic container, and to container vacuum-pumping and be filled with noble gas；Mixed-powder that described remaining waste material refers to the mixed-powder of metal and macromolecular material, pottery and macromolecular material or the first base sintered give up part, the described just base part that gives up mainly is made up of metal, macromolecular material mixing, or is mainly made up of pottery, macromolecular material mixing；
Step 2: for above 10-50 DEG C of default fusing point, container is heated with peak temperature, quick agitating solution heat-insulation pressure keeping at least 1h, at the end of heat-insulation pressure keeping, stop stirring, and begin to cool down after 0.5-3h；
Step 3, when container is cooled to room temperature, is separately recovered the metal or ceramic powder particle sunk to the bottom, and is suspended in the block macromolecular material of solvent surface；
Wherein, described solvent is neutrality, and density is more than the density of macromolecular material in remaining waste material, and less than remaining metals from waste or the density of pottery, and the boiling point of solvent is more than heat spike temperature.
In the method for the invention, when remaining waste material is that the first base sintered gives up part, or when macromolecular material is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface, also include before described step one: remaining waste material is smashed to pieces and sieved.
In the method for the invention, described solvent is more than or equal to 2:1 with the volume ratio of remaining waste material, and described solvent does not the most occur chemical reaction with any component in remaining waste material.
In the method for the invention, described macromolecular material is thermoplastic macromolecule material, including polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, polyformaldehyde one or more.
In the method for the invention, when macromolecular material is one matter, default fusing point refers to the fusing point of this one matter；When macromolecular material is two or more material, default fusing point refers to the peak of fusing point in two or more material.
In the method for the invention, in described step 2, stir speed (S.S.) is 4-10r/s, and cooldown rate is 1-4 DEG C/min, and the heating rate of container heating process is 3-6 DEG C/min,.
In the method for the invention, also include after described step 3:
The organic solvent metal to reclaiming or ceramic powder particle is used to be carried out, be vacuum dried, sieve.
In the method for the invention, described organic solvent is methanol, dehydrated alcohol, isopropanol or benzene.
In the method for the invention, described solvent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, toluene, dimethylbenzene, N-N dimethylformamide or diphenyl ether.
In the method for the invention, described noble gas is nitrogen, argon or helium, and the inert gas pressure being filled with in container is 0.08-0.3MPa.
The recovery method of waste material more than the selective laser sintering indirect forming of the present invention, by being placed in remaining waste material, solvent in hermetic container, and to container vacuum-pumping and be filled with noble gas；Mixed-powder that described remaining waste material refers to the mixed-powder of metal and macromolecular material, pottery and macromolecular material or the first base sintered give up part, the described just base part that gives up mainly is made up of metal, macromolecular material mixing, or is mainly made up of pottery, macromolecular material mixing；Add heat container and extremely preset above 10-50 DEG C of fusing point, quickly stirring heat-insulation pressure keeping at least 1h, stopping stirring at the end of heat-insulation pressure keeping, and begin to cool down after 0.5-3h；When container is cooled to room temperature, it is separately recovered the metal or ceramic powder particle sunk to the bottom, and it is suspended in the block macromolecular material of solvent surface, that avoids remaining waste material abandons the waste of material brought, the present invention can obtain metal or ceramic powders from remaining waste material separation and recovery well, and macromolecular material, it is achieved that turn waste into wealth, save the purpose of production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to solve to prepare in the technique of metal or ceramic member at Selective Laser Sintering by indirect forming, clout (including polymeric powder and metal or the ceramic powder of mixing) and the flaw produced or underproof at the beginning of the base part that gives up be dropped, bring the waste that cost increases and the drawback polluting environment, present inventor is through performing creative labour, finally provide one to turn waste into wealth, the recovery method of waste material more than the selective laser sintering indirect forming of separation and recovery metal or ceramic powders and macromolecular material, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one: remaining waste material, solvent are placed in hermetic container, and to container vacuum-pumping and be filled with noble gas；Mixed-powder that described remaining waste material refers to the mixed-powder of metal and macromolecular material, pottery and macromolecular material or the first base sintered give up part, the described just base part that gives up mainly is made up of metal, macromolecular material mixing, or is mainly made up of pottery, macromolecular material mixing；
In being embodied as of the present invention, the volume ratio of described solvent and remaining waste material is more than or equal to 2:1, it is preferable that in order to preferably reclaim metal or ceramic powders, and macromolecular material, and described solvent does not the most occur chemical reaction with any component in remaining waste material.
In being embodied as of the present invention, described macromolecular material is thermoplastic macromolecule material, can by polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, polyformaldehyde one or more form, certainly, described macromolecular material can have thermoplastic material with other, does not enumerates at this.
It should be noted that at this, when above-mentioned macromolecular material is one matter, default fusing point refers to the fusing point of this one matter；When macromolecular material is two or more material, default fusing point refers to the peak of fusing point in two or more material, such as, when macromolecular material includes polyethylene, polystyrene and polyformaldehyde, wherein the fusing point of polyethylene is 120-136 DEG C, the fusing point of polystyrene is 120 DEG C, and the fusing point of polyformaldehyde is 165-175 DEG C, then presetting fusing point is 175 DEG C.
In being embodied as of the present invention, described solvent can be ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, toluene, dimethylbenzene, N-N dimethylformamide or diphenyl ether, certainly can also have the solvent of above-mentioned functions for other.
In being embodied as of the present invention, described noble gas is nitrogen, argon, helium etc., and the inert gas pressure being filled with in container is 0.08-0.3MPa.
In being embodied as of the present invention, it is preferable that described container is stirred tank.
Additionally, in being embodied as of the present invention, when remaining waste material is that the first base sintered gives up part, or when macromolecular material is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface, also needed to give up the first base sintered before performing step one part, or macromolecular material is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface is smashed to pieces and sieved.
Step 2: heat container for above 10-50 DEG C of default fusing point with peak temperature, quickly stirring heat-insulation pressure keeping at least 1h, stop stirring at the end of heat-insulation pressure keeping, and begin to cool down after 0.5-3h；
In this step, described solvent is neutrality, and density is more than the density of macromolecular material in remaining waste material, less than remaining metals from waste or the density of pottery.Heating rate in container heating process is 3-6 DEG C/min, and the stir speed (S.S.) of solution is 4-10r/s, and the cooldown rate of solution is 1-4 DEG C/min.
Step 3, when container is cooled to room temperature, is separately recovered the metal or ceramic powder particle sunk to the bottom, and is suspended in the block macromolecular material of solvent surface；
In the method for the invention, when remaining waste material is that the first base sintered gives up part, or when macromolecular material is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface, also include before described step one: remaining waste material is smashed to pieces and sieved.
In being embodied as of the present invention, also include after described step 3:
The organic solvent metal to reclaiming or ceramic powder particle is used to be carried out, be vacuum dried, sieve.Described organic solvent can be methanol, dehydrated alcohol, isopropanol or benzene, can also be the organic solvent of other kind certainly, not enumerate at this.
Hereinafter by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further details.
Embodiment one
After selective laser sintering indirect forming metallic article completes, take out 1kg and be left clout polyethylene cladding 316L stainless mixed-powder granule, it is smashed to pieces screening, then is placed in airtight stirred tank；
The 1,4-butanediol solvent of 1.2L is placed in stirred tank；
Evacuation is then charged with nitrogen, and the air pressure making stirred tank is 0.08MPa；
Opening stirring, speed is 10r/s, simultaneously with 3 DEG C/min heated and stirred still to 160 DEG C, stops stirring, static 1h, then be cooled to room temperature with 1 DEG C/min after heat-insulation pressure keeping 1h；
When still to be mixed is cooled to room temperature, take out the powder of stainless steel granule sunk to the bottom, use isopropanol to clean, vacuum drying, screening obtain the powder of stainless steel granule of repeatable utilization, meanwhile, taking-up is suspended in the block polyethylene of BDO solvent surface and reclaims.
Embodiment two
After selective laser sintering indirect forming metallic article is completed, take out 1kg and be left clout nylon 6 and the mixed-powder granule of Polystyrene powder cladding cochrome (referred to as CoCr), it is smashed to pieces screening, then is placed in airtight stirred tank；
The glycerol solvent of 1.5L is placed in stirred tank；
Being filled with argon after evacuation, the air pressure making stirred tank is 0.15MPa；
Opening stirring, speed is 6r/s.Simultaneously with 4 DEG C/min heated and stirred still to 260 DEG C, stop stirring, static 2h after heat-insulation pressure keeping 2h, then be cooled to room temperature with 3 DEG C/min；
When still to be mixed is cooled to room temperature, take out the CoCr powder particle that sinks to the bottom, use washes of absolute alcohol, be vacuum dried, sieve and obtain repeatable utilizing CoCr alloy powder particle；Meanwhile, take out and be suspended in the block nylon 6 of glycerol solvent surface and polystyrene and reclaim.
Embodiment three
After selective laser sintering indirect forming ceramic objects completes, take 1kg and be left clout polypropylene and the mixed-powder of alumina ceramic powder granule, be placed in airtight stirred tank；
The ethylene glycol solvent of configuration 2L is placed in stirred tank.
Being filled with helium after evacuation, the air pressure making stirred tank is 0.1MPa.
Opening stirring, speed is 4r/s.Simultaneously with 6 DEG C/min heated and stirred still to 190 DEG C, stop stirring, static 1h after heat-insulation pressure keeping 2h, then be cooled to room temperature with 4 DEG C/min；
When still to be mixed is cooled to room temperature, take out the alumina powder granule that sinks to the bottom, use washes of absolute alcohol, be vacuum dried, sieve and obtain repeatable utilizing alumina ceramic powder granule, meanwhile, taking-up is suspended in the block polypropylene on ethylene glycol solvent surface and reclaims.
Embodiment four
After selective laser sintering indirect forming ceramic objects completes, take the first base of the polyethylene of the recovery to be separated of underproof 1kg and nylon 11 cladding zirconia ceramics powder granule and give up part, it is smashed to pieces screening, then is placed in airtight stirred tank；
The diphenyl ether solvent of configuration 1.8L is placed in stirred tank.
Being filled with nitrogen after evacuation, the air pressure making stirred tank is 0.3MPa.
Opening stirring, speed is 6r/s.Simultaneously with 5 DEG C/min heated and stirred still to 220 DEG C, stop stirring, static 2h after heat-insulation pressure keeping 1.5h, then be cooled to room temperature with 2.5 DEG C/min.
When still to be mixed is cooled to room temperature, take out the zirconia ceramics powder granule that sinks to the bottom, use methanol to clean, be vacuum dried, sieve and obtain repeatable utilizing zirconia ceramics powder granule, meanwhile, take out and be suspended in the block polyethylene on ethylene glycol solvent surface and nylon 11 and reclaim.
Above example is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, some amendments without departing from the principles of the present invention and modification, should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the recovery method of waste material more than selective laser sintering indirect forming, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one: remaining waste material, solvent are placed in hermetic container, to container vacuum-pumping and be filled with noble gas；Mixed-powder that described remaining waste material refers to the mixed-powder of metal and macromolecular material, pottery and macromolecular material or the first base sintered give up part, the described just base part that gives up mainly is made up of metal, macromolecular material mixing, or is mainly made up of pottery, macromolecular material mixing；
Step 2: heat container for above 10-50 DEG C of default fusing point with peak temperature, quickly stirring heat-insulation pressure keeping at least 1h, stop stirring at the end of heat-insulation pressure keeping, and begin to cool down after 0.5-3h；
Step 3, when container is cooled to room temperature, is separately recovered the metal or ceramic powder particle sunk to the bottom, and is suspended in the block macromolecular material of solvent surface；
Wherein, described solvent is neutrality, and density is more than the density of macromolecular material in remaining waste material, and less than remaining metals from waste or the density of pottery, and the boiling point of solvent is more than heat spike temperature；
When macromolecular material is one matter, default fusing point refers to the fusing point of this one matter；When macromolecular material is two or more material, default fusing point refers to the peak of fusing point in two or more material.
Recovery method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when remaining waste material is that the first base sintered gives up part, or when macromolecular material is uniformly coated on metal or ceramic powders surface, also include before described step one:
Remaining waste material is smashed to pieces and sieved.
Recovery method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solvent is more than or equal to 2:1 with the volume ratio of remaining waste material, and described solvent does not the most occur chemical reaction with any component in remaining waste material.
Recovery method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described macromolecular material is thermoplastic macromolecule material, including polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide, polyformaldehyde one or more.
Recovery method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 2, stir speed (S.S.) is 4-10r/s, cooldown rate is 1-4 DEG C/min, and the heating rate of container heating process is 3-6 DEG C/min.
6. according to the recovery method described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that also include after described step 3:
The organic solvent metal to reclaiming or ceramic powder particle is used to be carried out, be vacuum dried, sieve.
Recovery method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described organic solvent is methanol, dehydrated alcohol, isopropanol or benzene.
Recovery method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described solvent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, toluene, dimethylbenzene, N-N dimethylformamide or diphenyl ether.
Recovery method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described noble gas is nitrogen, argon or helium, and the inert gas pressure being filled with in container is 0.08-0.3MPa.
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| CN108421984A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-21 | 广东正德材料表面科技有限公司 | A kind of powder of stainless steel and preparation method thereof for increasing material manufacturing |
| CN109130189A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中北大学 | A kind of device recycling 3D printing discarded metal powder |
| CN115055484A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-09-16 | 共享智能装备有限公司 | Waste recovery method, waste recovery device and waste recovery system |
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| DE59402670D1 (en) * | 1993-03-18 | 1997-06-12 | Pagenkopf Ingeborg Dr | METHOD FOR SEPARATING SOLID MIXTURES OF DIFFERENT DENSITY, SEPARATING LIQUID, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| DE102006060117A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Evonik Oxeno Gmbh | Separation of two different solid phases from a solution uses crystallizing and flotation with a gas flow |
| KR100941253B1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-02-11 | 김창호 | Reuse method of waste lining refractory in tundish |
| CN102814318A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-12 | 李泽晖 | Solid waste sorting process based on thermal conductivity difference of different materials |
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