CN104332644A - Hydrogen power generation system with air humidity adjusting function - Google Patents
Hydrogen power generation system with air humidity adjusting function Download PDFInfo
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- CN104332644A CN104332644A CN201410621889.5A CN201410621889A CN104332644A CN 104332644 A CN104332644 A CN 104332644A CN 201410621889 A CN201410621889 A CN 201410621889A CN 104332644 A CN104332644 A CN 104332644A
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- air
- air humidity
- hydrogen
- fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen power generation system with an air humidity adjusting function. The hydrogen power generation system comprises a fuel battery and further comprises an air humidity control device and an air pump, wherein the air humidity control device is provided with a containing space; the air humidity of the containing space is 75%-90%; an air humidity adjusting pipeline is mounted in the containing space and comprises a water-permeable and air-impermeable pipeline; and external air is driven by the air pump and passes through the air humidity adjusting pipeline to enter the fuel battery. According to the hydrogen power generation system, the humidity of the air entering the fuel battery can be adjusted to 75%-90% so that the starting efficiency of the fuel battery can reach standard efficiency in short time, and the working efficiency of the fuel battery reaches the highest level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen gas generating system, particularly a kind of hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function.
Background technology
Hydrogen is one of the optimal energy of a kind of 21 century, and when the coal of identical weight of burning, gasoline and hydrogen, the energy that hydrogen produces is maximum, and the product of its burning is water, does not have lime-ash and waste gas, does not pollute the environment; And the mainly CO that coal and oil combustion generate
2and SO
2, greenhouse effect and acid rain can be produced respectively.Coal and reserves are limited, and hydrogen is mainly stored in water, and after burning, unique product is also water, can produce hydrogen continuously, be finished never.The distribution of hydrogen is very extensive, and water is exactly large " warehouse " of hydrogen, wherein contains the hydrogen of 11%.There is the hydrogen of 1.5% earth Rio; All contain hydrogen in oil, coal, natural gas, animal and plant body etc.The main body of hydrogen exists with the form of compound water, and earth surface about 70% is covered for water, and very greatly, therefore can say, hydrogen is the energy of " inexhaustible, nexhaustible " to moisture storage capacity.If can by suitable method from preparing hydrogen, so hydrogen also will be the energy that a kind of price is quite cheap.
Having many uses of hydrogen, applicability is strong, and wherein, advanced hydrogen-air fuel cell electricity generation system directly can also change into electric energy Hydrogen Energy, makes utilizing of Hydrogen Energy more convenient.At present, this hydrogen gas generating system is used in fields such as mobile communication base stations.Anode at fuel cell: 2H
2→ 4H
++ 4e
-, H
2split into two protons and two electronics, proton is through proton exchange membrane (PEM), and electronics, by positive plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate; Negative electrode at fuel cell: O
2+ 4e
-+ 4H
+→ 2H
2o, proton, electronics and O
2recombine to form H
2o.In the prior art, above-mentioned H
2derive from hydrogen producer or hydrogen gas storage device, and above-mentioned O
2then be directed to outside air.
The experiment proved that, under the air inlet temperature of specifying (such as 40 ° of C), air humidity is between 0% to 90%, after carrying out operation demonstration, find that battery pack usefulness increases along with air humidity and rises.In addition, air humidity when fuel cell start-up is too low, then start usefulness and can far be worse than benchmark usefulness, cause and just can reach quite long start-up time to maximum rated power (normal startup just can reach maximum power for 10 to 20 seconds and compare, and battery pack is the longest may need within 3 minutes, just can reach to maximum power).But, in the prior art, because outside air directly enters fuel cell, and outside air humidity difference is very large, if overcast and rainy, outside air humidity can reach more than 60%, if but bright day gas, or the winter in the north, then air humidity is very low, the humidity even less than 10%, like this, the usefulness of fuel cell can be badly influenced, and then affect load (such as mobile communication base station) work.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function is provided, this hydrogen gas generating system can will enter the humidity of air conditioning to 75% ~ 90% of fuel cell, make fuel battery energy make startup usefulness reach benchmark usefulness at short notice, and operation of fuel cells usefulness can be made to reach the highest.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function, comprise fuel cell, also comprise air humidity control device and air pump, described air humidity control device has an accommodation space, air humidity in this accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, be provided with air humidity in this accommodation space and regulate pipeline, this air humidity regulates pipeline to comprise permeable air-locked pipeline; Outside air, under the driving of air pump, regulates pipeline to enter to fuel cell through air humidity.
Air humidity in described accommodation space is 80%.
Described fuel cell comprises aqueous vapor discharge-channel, and described air humidity control device is provided with aqueous vapor input channel, and aqueous vapor discharge-channel is connected with aqueous vapor input channel; In fuel cell, oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, generate water, after the water of this generation and the air of remainder are discharged from aqueous vapor discharge-channel, air humidity control device is entered through aqueous vapor input channel, this air humidity control device receives from after the water of fuel cell and air, and the air humidity that can control in accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, and additional air and water are discharged.
Described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises air cleaner, and this air cleaner is arranged at air pump front end, for filtering the dust impurity in outside air.
Described fuel cell also comprises air input passage and hydrogen input channel, and described air input passage and air humidity regulate pipeline to be connected, and described hydrogen input channel is used for inputting hydrogen.
Described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises device for producing hydrogen, and this device for producing hydrogen is connected with the hydrogen input channel of fuel cell.
Described device for producing hydrogen is methanol-water device for producing hydrogen, this methanol-water device for producing hydrogen comprises methanol-water reservoir vessel, raw material conveying device, reformer and membrane separation device, described raw material conveying device by the methanol-water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel to reformer, methanol-water reforming reaction is there is, obtained hydrogen in reformer; Obtained hydrogen delivers to membrane separation device, and this membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%; High-purity hydrogen after membrane separation device delivers to the hydrogen input channel of fuel cell.
Described air humidity regulates pipeline to comprise air inlet pipe, escape pipe and some air humidity exchanging tubes arranged side by side, outside air is successively after air inlet pipe, some air humidity exchanging tubes arranged side by side and escape pipe, enter to fuel cell, described air humidity exchanging tube is permeable air-locked pipeline.
The tube wall of described air humidity exchanging tube, comprises porous tubular support and perfluorinated sulfonic acid rete from the inside to the outside.
Described porous tubular support is porous metals stay pipe, or porous polymer stay pipe, or porous ceramic support pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the air humidity that can control in accommodation space due to air humidity control device is 75% ~ 90%, and air humidity adjustable pipe road has permeable air-locked pipeline, like this, when outside air regulates pipeline to enter fuel cell through air humidity, water in accommodation space air permeable enter air humidity regulate in ducted air, thus make air humidity regulate ducted air humidity also to reach 75% ~ 90%, fuel battery energy is made to make startup usefulness reach benchmark usefulness at short notice, and operation of fuel cells usefulness can be made to reach the highest.In addition, in optimal way of the present invention, because the aqueous vapor discharge-channel of fuel cell is connected with the aqueous vapor input channel of air humidity control device, this air humidity control device receives from after the water of fuel cell and air, the air humidity that can control in accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, additional air and water are discharged, therefore, air humidity control device adds water source without the need to timing, the air humidity that the water utilizing fuel cell to produce and air can control in accommodation space reaches 75% ~ 90%, save manpower, avoid the problem causing air humidity control device normally to work because not adding water in time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure block diagram of hydrogen gas generating system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air humidity control device in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of air humidity exchanging tube.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of device for producing hydrogen.
In figure: 1. fuel cell; 11. aqueous vapor discharge-channels; 12. air input passage; 13. hydrogen input channels; 2. air humidity control device; 21. accommodation spaces; 22. air humiditys regulate pipeline; 221. air inlet pipe; 222. escape pipe; 223. air humidity exchanging tubes; 2231. porous tubular support; 2232. perfluorinated sulfonic acid rete; 23. aqueous vapor input channels; 3. air pump; 4. air cleaner; 5. device for producing hydrogen; 51. methanol-water reservoir vessels; 52. raw material conveying devices; 53. reformers; 54. membrane separation devices.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle of the present invention and operation principle are described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function, comprise fuel cell 1, also comprise air humidity control device 2 and air pump 3, described air humidity control device 2 has an accommodation space 21, and the air humidity in this accommodation space 21 is 75% ~ 90%, is preferably 80%, be provided with air humidity in this accommodation space 21 and regulate pipeline 22, this air humidity regulates pipeline 22 to comprise permeable air-locked pipeline; Outside air, under the driving of air pump 3, regulates pipeline 22 to enter to fuel cell 1 through air humidity.When outside air regulates pipeline 22 to enter fuel cell 1 through air humidity, water in accommodation space 21 air permeable enter air humidity regulate in the air in pipeline 22, the gases such as nitrogen are then stopped, can not enter to air humidity regulates in pipeline 22, air humidity is made to regulate the air humidity in pipeline 22 also to reach 75% ~ 90% like this, make fuel cell 1 within the short time (be generally 10-20 second), make startup usefulness reach benchmark usefulness, and fuel cell 1 task performance can be made to reach the highest.
As shown in Figure 1, described fuel cell 1 comprises aqueous vapor discharge-channel 11, and described air humidity control device 2 is provided with aqueous vapor input channel 23, and aqueous vapor discharge-channel 11 is connected with aqueous vapor input channel 23; In fuel cell 1, the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, generates water.This electrochemical reaction comprises: the anode at fuel cell: 2H
2→ 4H
++ 4e
-, H
2split into two protons and two electronics, proton is through proton exchange membrane (PEM), and electronics, by positive plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate; Negative electrode at fuel cell: O
2+ 4e
-+ 4H
+→ 2H
2o, proton, electronics and O
2recombine to form H
2o.The air of the water that this electrochemical reaction generates and remainder is after aqueous vapor discharge-channel 11 discharge, air humidity control device 2 is entered through aqueous vapor input channel 23, this air humidity control device 2 receives from after the water of fuel cell 1 and air, the air humidity that can control in accommodation space 21 is 75% ~ 90%, and additional air and water are discharged.Because air humidity control device receives from after the water of fuel cell and air, the air humidity that can control in accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, additional air and water are discharged, therefore, air humidity control device adds water source without the need to timing, the air humidity that the water utilizing fuel cell to produce and air can control in accommodation space reaches 75% ~ 90%, saves manpower, avoids the problem causing air humidity control device normally to work because not adding water in time.
As shown in Figure 1, described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises air cleaner 4, this air cleaner 4 is arranged at air pump 3 front end, for filtering the dust impurity in outside air, can prevent air humidity from regulating pipeline 22 and fuel cell 1 inside stick dust and affect usefulness like this.
As shown in Figure 1, described fuel cell 1 also comprises air input passage 12 and hydrogen input channel 13, and described air input passage 12 and air humidity regulate pipeline 22 to be connected, and described hydrogen input channel 13 is for inputting hydrogen.Further, described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises device for producing hydrogen 5, and this device for producing hydrogen 5 is connected with the hydrogen input channel 13 of fuel cell 1.As shown in Figure 4, described device for producing hydrogen 5 is methanol-water device for producing hydrogen 5, this methanol-water device for producing hydrogen 5 comprises methanol-water reservoir vessel 51, raw material conveying device 52, reformer 53 and membrane separation device 54, described raw material conveying device 52 is by after the methanol-water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel 51 to reformer 53, methanol-water reforming reaction is there is, obtained hydrogen in reformer 53; Obtained hydrogen delivers to membrane separation device 54, and this membrane separation device 54 is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%; High-purity hydrogen after membrane separation device 54 delivers to the hydrogen input channel 13 of fuel cell 1.The methanol-water reforming reaction of described reformer 53 comprises: after reformer starts, in reformer, catalyst is passed through under the pressure condition of methyl alcohol and steam 1-5M Pa at 350-409 DEG C of temperature, under the effect of catalyst, there is the transformationreation of methanol decomposition reaction and carbon monoxide, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this is the gas solid catalytic reaction system of component more than, many reactions; Reactional equation is: (1) CH
3oH → CO+2H
2; (2) H
2o+CO → CO
2+ H
2; (3) CH
3oH+H
2o → CO
2+ 3H
2; After reforming reaction, the mixed gas delivery that hydrogen, carbon dioxide, unreacted steam and foreign gas form is to membrane separation device 54.
As shown in Figure 2, described air humidity regulates pipeline 22 to comprise air inlet pipe 221, escape pipe 222 and some air humidity exchanging tubes 223 arranged side by side, outside air is successively after air inlet pipe 221, some air humidity exchanging tubes 223 arranged side by side and escape pipe 222, enter to fuel cell 1, described air humidity exchanging tube 223 is permeable air-locked pipeline.Because air humidity exchanging tube 223 is provided with many, like this, air humidity regulates pipeline 22 to have larger humidity exchange area with the air in accommodation space 21, makes humidity exchange efficiency higher.Further, as shown in Figure 3, the tube wall of described air humidity exchanging tube 223, comprises porous tubular support 2231 and perfluorinated sulfonic acid rete 2232 from the inside to the outside, forms Nafion pipe.Further again, porous tubular support 2231 is preferably porous metals stay pipe, or porous polymer stay pipe, or porous ceramic support pipe.
The above is only better embodiment of the present invention, every above execution mode is done according to technical scheme of the present invention any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. there is the hydrogen gas generating system of air humidity regulatory function, comprise fuel cell, it is characterized in that: also comprise air humidity control device and air pump, described air humidity control device has an accommodation space, air humidity in this accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, be provided with air humidity in this accommodation space and regulate pipeline, this air humidity regulates pipeline to comprise permeable air-locked pipeline; Outside air, under the driving of air pump, regulates pipeline to enter to fuel cell through air humidity.
2. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the air humidity in described accommodation space is 80%.
3. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel cell comprises aqueous vapor discharge-channel, described air humidity control device is provided with aqueous vapor input channel, and aqueous vapor discharge-channel is connected with aqueous vapor input channel; In fuel cell, oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen and air, generate water, after the water of this generation and the air of remainder are discharged from aqueous vapor discharge-channel, air humidity control device is entered through aqueous vapor input channel, this air humidity control device receives from after the water of fuel cell and air, and the air humidity that can control in accommodation space is 75% ~ 90%, and additional air and water are discharged.
4. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises air cleaner, this air cleaner is arranged at air pump front end, for filtering the dust impurity in outside air.
5. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel cell also comprises air input passage and hydrogen input channel, described air input passage and air humidity regulate pipeline to be connected, and described hydrogen input channel is used for inputting hydrogen.
6. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described hydrogen gas generating system also comprises device for producing hydrogen, this device for producing hydrogen is connected with the hydrogen input channel of fuel cell.
7. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described device for producing hydrogen is methanol-water device for producing hydrogen, this methanol-water device for producing hydrogen comprises methanol-water reservoir vessel, raw material conveying device, reformer and membrane separation device, described raw material conveying device by the methanol-water feedstock transportation in methanol-water reservoir vessel to reformer, methanol-water reforming reaction is there is, obtained hydrogen in reformer; Obtained hydrogen delivers to membrane separation device, and this membrane separation device is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75% ~ 78%, and silver accounts for 22% ~ 25%; High-purity hydrogen after membrane separation device delivers to the hydrogen input channel of fuel cell.
8. according to the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function in claim 1-7 described in any one, it is characterized in that: described air humidity regulates pipeline to comprise air inlet pipe, escape pipe and some air humidity exchanging tubes arranged side by side, outside air is successively after air inlet pipe, some air humidity exchanging tubes arranged side by side and escape pipe, enter to fuel cell, described air humidity exchanging tube is permeable air-locked pipeline.
9. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the tube wall of described air humidity exchanging tube, comprises porous tubular support and perfluorinated sulfonic acid rete from the inside to the outside.
10. the hydrogen gas generating system with air humidity regulatory function according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described porous tubular support is porous metals stay pipe, or porous polymer stay pipe, or porous ceramic support pipe.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410621889.5A CN104332644A (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2014-11-07 | Hydrogen power generation system with air humidity adjusting function |
| PCT/CN2015/077348 WO2016070589A1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2015-04-24 | Hydrogen power generation system having air humidity adjustment function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410621889.5A CN104332644A (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2014-11-07 | Hydrogen power generation system with air humidity adjusting function |
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ID=52407330
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410621889.5A Pending CN104332644A (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2014-11-07 | Hydrogen power generation system with air humidity adjusting function |
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| WO (1) | WO2016070589A1 (en) |
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