CN104311341B - A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104311341B CN104311341B CN201410562799.3A CN201410562799A CN104311341B CN 104311341 B CN104311341 B CN 104311341B CN 201410562799 A CN201410562799 A CN 201410562799A CN 104311341 B CN104311341 B CN 104311341B
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- fertilizer
- alkaline fertilizer
- carbamide
- binding agent
- alkaline
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940040145 liniment Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000865 liniment Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- PZDFRGGOXGETNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;potassium Chemical compound P.[K] PZDFRGGOXGETNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LAZOHFXCELVBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Ca].[Si] Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca].[Si] LAZOHFXCELVBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWNCNSOPVUCKJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[P] Chemical compound [Mg].[P] LWNCNSOPVUCKJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMKIRWHSXOBLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[P].[Ca] Chemical compound [Mg].[P].[Ca] YMKIRWHSXOBLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium potassium Chemical compound [Mg].[K] SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiopotassium Chemical compound [K].[K] ZDHURYWHEBEGHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the prilling process of a kind of alkaline fertilizer, described prilling process is according to certain proportioning by binding agent raw material hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, MAP, after being heated to liquid, spray liniment as alkaline fertilizer, adding proportion by both adjustment, make powdery alkaline fertilizer become graininess, and there is certain degree of hardness, be not pulverized easily.One aspect of the present invention can solve the problem that when peasant household uses, dust is the biggest；On the other hand, while improvement acid ground, promote nutrient element absorption, there is higher N, P, K nutrient formula, can improve plant yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the prilling process of a kind of alkaline fertilizer, belong to chemical production technical field.
Background technology
Crops " high yield not high-quality, high-quality not high yield ", this serious problem annoyings the agricultural production of China always.I
State is during production estimation, usually due to a variety of causes, and the chemical fertilizer such as applied nitrogen of excess, although obtain height
Produce, use chemical fertilizer the most in a large number and cause soil acidification.The acid-base value of soil is vital to plant growing, and soil acidification can
Causing major part middle and trace element absorption rate the lowest, fertilizer loss is serious, and utilization rate of fertilizer is less than 30%, the most also
The phosphorus potassium composition easily generating insoluble substance making 60-80% does not absorbs, thus crop alimentary is bad, and nutritional deficiency disease is serious, by
In soil acidification, change soil microenvironment, rhizosphere harmful microorganism amount reproduction in acid condition, and these are sick
Evil controls difficulty.
On domestic market, alkaline fertilizer is such as: silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium: add again after being mixed with insoluble potassium bearing rock by phosphorus ore
Enter the mixture after coke or anthracite and coke grinding, prepare after high-temperature roasting.Such as potash-lime fertilizer: utilize potassium ore and stone
Lime stone (Calx) or dolomite, or potassium feldspar, limestone and ardealite, or ardealite and insoluble containing under potassium potassium rock high temperature roast
Burn and obtain.Also just like Si, Ca, Mg, K fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer etc., major part alkalescence fertilizer product is with the shape of powder
State carries out packing, selling, so packing, carry, sell, dust pollution is serious in application and causes to a certain degree
Waste.Further, since this alkaline fertilizer is not rotten with the change of natural conditions and the non-hygroscopic and not character such as caking,
Cause fused calcium magnesium phosphorus potash fertilizer to make the very difficult of granule, even if granulating is also less because of the interaction force between material, cause dress
Crush after Dai.
Patent of invention CN201110217243.7 discloses a kind of humic acid silicon calcium magnesium fertilizer and production method thereof.It is by following
Method produces: Water Quenching Slag is 15%～25% through natural air drying to water content, and dried Water Quenching Slag enters ball mill grinding,
It is ground to 80～100 mesh grades, then by former for humic acid that the powder of milled and content of humic acid are 75%～80% (mass fraction)
Material is that 2: 1～1.5 mix homogeneously form mixture A in mass ratio, then adds the 5%～10% of mixture A mass in mixture A
Binding agent, be uniformly mixed, then pelletize on granulation of fertilizer machine, granulation process presses the 10%～15% of mixture A mass
Ratio spray moisture form it into granular fertilizer, the grade of fertilizer controls 2～4mm, last drying and prepare humic acid
Silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer.The binding agent used during this invention pelletize is that the fertilizer after Kaolin and bentonite, and pelletize is frangible, does not contains
N, P, K nutrient, it is impossible to meet the crops demand to these nutrients.
Patent of invention CN200910074326.8 discloses manufacture and the granulation process of a kind of high-activity Si, Ca, Mg, K fertilizer, its calcining
Rear Temperature fall, to room temperature, adds nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, then adds corresponding trace element, then spill with sulphuric acid wet, pelletize,
Drying, classification, packaging.Fertilizer after this invention pelletize does not contains nitrogen phosphorus nutrient.And this invention pelletize only to use sulphuric acid to spill wet
Granulation outcome cannot be learnt.
In a word, being a kind of multi-element fertilizer without the alkaline fertilizer of pelletize, aqueous solution is alkalescence, can significantly improve acid ground,
, plant can slowly absorb required nutrient during cultivating large seedling as base fertilizer effect very well, but, its P, K nutrient content is low,
Can not supplement, reconciling, the nitrogen nutrient that crop needs while soil, and dust from flying when applying fertilizer, easily cause fertilizer loss,
Polluting environment, human body suction can damage health.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of alkaline fertilizer prilling process.Fertile to alkalescence by spraying adhesive
Material carries out pelletize, on the one hand can solve the problem that when peasant household uses, dust is the biggest；On the other hand while improvement acid ground,
Promote the absorption of nutrient, there is higher N, P, K nutrient formula, the yield and quality of agricultural product can be improved.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer, step is as follows:
(1) control temperature of reactor is at 55～65 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring to carbamide is all dissolved
Rear addition sulphuric acid, is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP be 2.0～
3.0:7.0～8.5:1:2～4；The binding agent prepared after adding all raw materials maintains the temperature at 55～65 DEG C, standby；
(2) first 1/3～1/2 mass of alkaline fertilizer is added to pelletizing disks, alkaline fertilizer and the consumption matter of binding agent
Amount ratio is 1～3:1, and binding agent step (1) prepared is sprayed on alkaline fertilizer surface after filtering, and adds residual mass afterwards
Alkaline fertilizer, sieve after granulating, pack and get final product.
According to currently preferred, in step (1), preparation binding agent is raw materials used is the hydrochloric acid of 37.5% for technical grade purity,
Nitrogen content is the carbamide of 46.5%, technical grade purity be 98% sulphuric acid and available phosphorus content be 44%, nitrogen content be 11%
MAP；
According to currently preferred, hydrochloric acid in step (1), carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP be 2.0～2.5:7.0～
8.0:1:2～3.5.
It is further preferred that hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are in step (1)
2.1～2.2:7.6～7.7:1:3.
According to currently preferred, step (2) neutral and alkali fertilizer is 2:1 with the usage ratio of binding agent.
Alkaline fertilizer of the present invention refers to silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium, potash-lime fertilizer, Si, Ca, Mg, K fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer
Deng, market is commercially available.
In the present invention if no special instructions, equipment and the raw material of use is commercially available.
After pelletize of the present invention, the using method of alkaline fertilizer is as follows: in application should with base fertilizer with the use of, it is impossible to replace
Azophoska.Common crops consumption is 50-150kg/ mu, cereal crops consumption 50-100kg/ mu, industrial crops 100-150kg/
Mu.
The prilling process of the present invention be heated to liquid by binding agent raw material after, as the spray liniment of alkaline fertilizer, by adjusting
Both adding proportions, make powdery alkaline fertilizer become graininess, and have certain degree of hardness, be not pulverized easily.The present invention have with
Under advantage and beneficial effect:
1. the present invention uses the ratio of each raw material of binding agent reasonable compatibility and the order of interpolation so that it is not only have higher viscous
Property, it is additionally favorable for ejection, beneficially industrial operation.
2. Fe, Mg, Al in the binding agent energy complexation alkaline fertilizer that the present invention uses, so that alkaline fertilizer granulating, easily collapse
Solve (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), and hardness is up to 10 newton.And the problem that when peasant household uses, dust is the biggest can be solved after granulating,
Peasant household is facilitated to use.
3, carbamide and the nutrient adding energy equilibrium product of MAP, nitrogen content in final products during the present invention uses binding agent
Mass percent is 8.50～9.50%, and phosphorus pentoxide content mass percent is 3.00～3.50%.
4, the pH of the alkaline fertilizer after pelletize is between 7.00～7.38, while improvement acid ground, promotes nutrition unit
Prime element absorb, can improve plant yield and quality.
5, prilling process technique of the present invention is simple, and is not required to dry, cost-effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the alkaline fertilizer after embodiment 1 pelletize；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment 1 alkaline fertilizer disintegrate effect of 1 hour.
Experimental example: binding agent disintegrate screening experiment
1. the impact that binding agent is prepared by the feeding sequence of reaction mass: by sulphuric acid, carbamide, hydrochloric acid, MAP according to not
Carry out feeding intake preparing binding agent with order, according to reacting phenomenon and prepare the viscosity of binding agent and determine that feeding intake of reaction mass is suitable
Sequence.Experimental result is shown in Table 1.
The impact that binding agent is prepared by the feeding sequence of table 1 reaction mass
Conclusion: be can determine that the feeding sequence of reaction mass is followed successively by hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, MAP by table 1.
2. the reaction temperature impact on bonding preparation: respectively 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, the temperature of 70 DEG C
Under prepare binding agent, experimental result is shown in Table 2.
The impact on bonding preparation of table 2 reaction temperature
| Temperature of reactor | Experimental phenomena |
| 45℃ | Hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid and MAP dissolve not exclusively |
| 50℃ | Undissolved inventory is less, but during spraying, Fine spray shower nozzle easily blocks up |
| 55℃ | Material is completely dissolved, and sprays a period of time and i.e. causes shower nozzle to block |
| 60℃ | Material is completely dissolved, and shower nozzle atomizing effect is good |
| 65℃ | Material is completely dissolved, and shower nozzle atomizing effect is preferable |
| 70℃ | Material is completely dissolved, but shower nozzle atomizing effect reduces |
Conclusion: be can determine that reaction temperature is 55 DEG C～65 DEG C by table 2.
The most different binder formulas is to influential effect after alkaline fertilizer pelletize: successively by hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium is carried out feeding intake and pelletize by different proportionings, is placed in the tap water of 250ml/3g by the fertilizer after pelletize, measures disintegrate effect
Really, in water, the complete disintegrate of 60min is that effect is good.Fertiliser granulates hardness is detected by Ai Dede HP-100 digital displaying push-and-pull tensiometer,
It is preferred more than 9 newton with hardness.Experimental result is shown in Table 3.
The different binder formula of table 3 is to influential effect after alkaline fertilizer pelletize
Conclusion: binding agent press hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, MAP order add, and additional proportion be 2～3:7～
8.5:1:2～4, hardness and the disintegrate effect of the granular alkaline fertilizer obtained are preferable；Currently preferred, hydrochloric acid, carbamide,
Sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.0～2.5:7.0～8.0:1:2～3.5；It is further preferred that hydrochloric acid, carbamide,
Sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.1～2.2:7.6～7.7:1:3.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and need not
In limiting the scope of the present invention.
The alkaline fertilizer that the embodiment of the present invention is used is commercially available silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium, potash-lime fertilizer, silico-calcium magnesium-potassium on market
Fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer etc..
Described preparation binding agent is raw materials used is that 37.5% hydrochloric acid, the carbamide of nitrogen content 46.5%, technical grade are pure for technical grade purity
Degree is sulphuric acid and phosphorus content 44%, the MAP of nitrogen content 11% of 98%, and market is commercially available.
Embodiment 1
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer (silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium), step is as follows:
(1) preparation of binding agent
Control temperature of reactor, at 55 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring adds sulphuric acid after all dissolving to carbamide,
It is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.1:7.6:1:3；Add institute
The binding agent prepared after having raw material maintains the temperature at 60 DEG C, standby；
(2) alkaline fertilizer (silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium) pelletize
First by the 1/2 of alkaline fertilizer (silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium) addition quality to pelletizing disks, alkaline fertilizer and binding agent
Amount ratio is 2:1, imports in the spray gun of Fine spray shower nozzle, beat the alkaline fertilizer in rotating disk after being filtered by the binding agent after heating
Surface, adds the alkaline fertilizer of residue 1/2 afterwards, and the fertilizer after granulating, through belt transmission, sieves, and pack preserves.
Every physicochemical property of the alkaline fertilizer (silico-calcium potassium phosphorus fertiliser containing magnesium) after pelletize is shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 2
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer (calcium silicate fertilizer), step is as follows:
(1) preparation of binding agent
Control temperature of reactor, at 58 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring adds sulphuric acid after all dissolving to carbamide,
It is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.2:7.7:1:3；Add institute
The binding agent prepared after having raw material maintains the temperature at 60 DEG C, standby；
(2) alkaline fertilizer (calcium silicate fertilizer) pelletize
First by the 1/3 of alkaline fertilizer (calcium silicate fertilizer) addition quality to pelletizing disks, the amount ratio of alkaline fertilizer and binding agent
For 2:1, import after the binding agent after heating is filtered in the spray gun of Fine spray shower nozzle, beat the alkaline fertilizer (silico-calcium in rotating disk
Fertile) surface, add the alkaline fertilizer of residue 2/3 afterwards, the fertilizer after granulating, through belt transmission, sieves, and pack preserves.
Every physicochemical property of the alkaline fertilizer (calcium silicate fertilizer) after pelletize is shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 3
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate), step is as follows:
(1) preparation of binding agent
Control temperature of reactor, at 60 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring adds sulphuric acid after all dissolving to carbamide,
It is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.5:7.9:1:3.2；Add
The binding agent prepared after all raw materials maintains the temperature at 65 DEG C, standby；
(2) alkaline fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate) pelletize
First by the 1/2 of alkaline fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate) addition quality to pelletizing disks, the consumption of alkaline fertilizer and binding agent
Ratio is 2:1, and the binding agent after heating imports after filtering in the spray gun of Fine spray shower nozzle, beats the alkaline fertilizer (calcium in rotating disk
Magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer) surface, add the alkaline fertilizer of residue 1/2 afterwards, the fertilizer after granulating, through belt transmission, sieves, and pack is protected
Deposit.
Every physicochemical property of the alkaline fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate) after pelletize is shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 4
A kind of prilling process of alkaline fertilizer (ca and mg fertilizer), step is as follows:
(1) preparation of binding agent
Control temperature of reactor, at 60 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring adds sulphuric acid after all dissolving to carbamide,
It is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 3.0:8.0:1:3.5；Add
The binding agent prepared after all raw materials maintains the temperature at 65 DEG C, standby；
(2) alkaline fertilizer (ca and mg fertilizer) pelletize
First by the 1/2 of alkaline fertilizer (ca and mg fertilizer) addition quality to pelletizing disks, the amount ratio of alkaline fertilizer and binding agent
For 2:1, import after the binding agent after heating is filtered in the spray gun of Fine spray shower nozzle, beat the alkaline fertilizer (calcium and magnesium in rotating disk
Fertile) surface, add the alkaline fertilizer of residue 1/2 afterwards, the fertilizer after granulating, through belt transmission, sieves, and pack preserves.
Every physicochemical property of the alkaline fertilizer (ca and mg fertilizer) after pelletize is shown in Table 4.
Every physicochemical property of the alkaline fertilizer after table 4 pelletize
| Sample | N% | P% | K% | Fe% | Al% | Si% | Ca% | Mg% | PH | Moisture % |
| Embodiment 1 | 9.40 | 3.20 | 3.48 | 2.19 | 6.39 | 19.77 | 21.40 | 7.59 | 7.36 | 3.05 |
| Embodiment 2 | 9.29 | 3.16 | \ | \ | \ | 26.10 | 35.90 | \ | 7.24 | 3.07 |
| Embodiment 3 | 9.09 | 3.21 | \ | \ | \ | \ | 34.12 | 27.85 | 7.12 | 3.12 |
| Embodiment 4 | 8.73 | 3.31 | \ | \ | \ | \ | 31.89 | 28.98 | 7.06 | 3.19 |
Claims (4)
1. a prilling process for alkaline fertilizer, is characterised by, step is as follows:
(1) control temperature of reactor is at 55～65 DEG C, is initially charged hydrochloric acid and carbamide wherein, and stirring to carbamide is all dissolved
Rear addition sulphuric acid, is eventually adding MAP；Wherein hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of MAP be 2.0～
2.5:7.0～8.0:1:2～3.5；The binding agent prepared after adding all raw materials maintains the temperature at 55～65 DEG C, standby；
(2) first 1/3～1/2 mass of alkaline fertilizer is added to pelletizing disks, alkaline fertilizer and the consumption matter of binding agent
Amount ratio is 1～3:1, and binding agent step (1) prepared is sprayed on alkaline fertilizer surface after filtering, and adds residual mass afterwards
Alkaline fertilizer, sieve after granulating, pack and get final product.
2. the prilling process of alkaline fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterised by, in step (1) used by preparation binding agent
Raw material be technical grade purity be 37.5% hydrochloric acid, nitrogen content be 46.5% carbamide, technical grade purity be the sulphuric acid of 98%
With available phosphorus content be 44%, nitrogen content be the MAP of 11%.
3. the prilling process of alkaline fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterised by, hydrochloric acid, carbamide, sulfur in step (1)
Acid, the mass ratio of MAP are 2.1～2.2:7.6～7.7:1:3.
4. the prilling process of alkaline fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterised by, step (2) neutral and alkali fertilizer and bonding
The usage ratio of agent is 2:1.
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| CN104761322A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-08 | 于书强 | Alkaline fertilizer |
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| CN1137871C (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2004-02-11 | 毛怀定 | Mineral-coated sustaned releasing composite fertilizer and its preparation |
| CN101550035B (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2011-09-21 | 山西世纪亚科丰肥业有限公司 | High-activity Si, Ca, Mg, K fertilizer |
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