The preparation method that Ka Gelie is clean
Technical field
The present invention relates to the clean preparing technical field of Ka Gelie, particularly the clean preparation method of a kind of Ka Gelie.
Background technology
Ka Gelie clean (canagliflozin), commodity are called Invokana, the New type of S GLT2 inhibitor of being researched and developed by Johson & Johnson, be used for the treatment of type II diabetes, on March 29th, 2013, U.S. FDA has been ratified the Invokana of Johnson & Johnson sheet (canagliflozin) and has been used for the treatment of diabetes B adult patient; In September, 2013, Ka Gelie has only obtained European drug administration (EMA) approval and has been used for the treatment of adult's diabetes B. In addition, Ka Gelie has also obtained Australian approval only. Ka Gelie Jing Shi Johson & Johnson is one of the most promising drug candidate person. Under Johson & Johnson Yang Sen department have this medicine in North America, the power of sale of South America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia, New Zealand and some Asian countries.
The clean chemical name of Ka Gelie is (1S)-1,5-dehydrogenation-1-C-[3-[[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-thienyl] methyl]-4-aminomethyl phenyl]-D-Glucose alcohol, No. CAS is 842133-18-0, structural formula is as shown in I.
(Ⅰ)
First SGLT2 inhibitor that Ka Gelie ratifies for FDA only, belong to selective sodium-glucose body 2(SGLT2 that cotransports) kind new medicine of inhibitor, sodium-glucose body that cotransports is that a kind of GLUT has two kinds of hypotypes, SGLT2 is one of them hypotype, express at nearly renal tubule, participate in the heavily absorption of the glucose filtering in most tube chamber, Ka Gelie net energy suppresses SGLT2, make the glucose in renal tubule can not suction smoothly receipts, reduce kidney glucose threshold (RTG), thereby reduce blood sugar concentration. Clinical in type II diabetes. Ka Gelie is first SGLT2 inhibitor of listing only, and day clothes once, can reach blood sugar decreasing effect and have good tolerance, and drug interaction is low, has wide potential applicability in clinical practice. At present in the listing of multiple countries.
At present, to the clean preparation method's existing bibliographical information both at home and abroad of Ka Gelie, WO2005012326 discloses, taking the bromo-2-tolyl aldehyde of 5-as initiation material, through reacting with 2-chlorothiophene, with 2,3,4,6-tetra--O-TMS-maltonic acid-1,5-lactone reaction, then react and obtain thick methyl ether compound with the methanol solution of pyrovinic acid, react and obtain target product I with trimethyl silane and boron trifluoride ether solution again
Concrete synthetic route is as follows:
WO2009035969 and WO2012140120 disclose, taking fluorobromobenzene as initiation material, with magnesium powder form format reagent; react with 2-bromothiophene again and obtain 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-thiophene; the latter reacts with the iodo-2-methyl benzoyl chloride of 5-, and the product obtaining removes carbonyl through reduction; with 2; the reaction of 3,4,6-O-, tetra-pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-glucopyranose bromide; hydrolysis Deprotection obtains target product I, and concrete synthetic route is as follows:
The clean equal more complicated of synthetic method of above prior art disclosed preparation Ka Gelie, step is longer, has extended the production cycle, and reaction condition is comparatively harsh, and post processing is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and route total recovery is not high.
Summary of the invention
In above prior art, prepare in order to solve that Ka Gelie the accounts show a surplus of reactions steps is long, technique is loaded down with trivial details, severe reaction conditions, post processing complexity, problem that route total recovery is not high, the invention provides a kind of reactions steps shorter, the clean new method of preparation Ka Gelie that yield is high.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
The preparation method that Ka Gelie is clean, comprises the following steps
(1) there is electrophilic substitution reaction taking four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-bromo glucopyranose (II) as raw material with connection boric acid pinacol ester (III) and generate compound (IV);
(2) taking the iodo-2-aminomethyl phenyl of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-) methyl] compound (IV) reacting generating compound (VI) that obtains with step (1) under catalyst action as raw material of thiophene (V);
(3) get the compound (VI) that step (2) obtains and be hydrolyzed under alkali condition, it is that Ka Gelie is clean that Deprotection obtains compound (I).
Whole course of reaction as shown in the formula:
The clean new method of preparation Ka Gelie provided by the invention, the palladium catalyst wherein using in step (1) can be one of following reagent: palladium bichloride, palladium dydroxide, palladium, palladium nitrate, allyl palladium chloride dimer, two (benzonitrile) palladium bichloride, two (dibenzalacetones) close palladium, 1, two (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene of 1'-] close palladium bichloride, two (triphenylphosphine) ferrocene closes palladium bichloride, four (triphen phosphino-) palladium, three (dibenzalacetone) two palladiums, two (1, two (diphenylphosphine) ethane of 2-) palladium, dichloro two (thricyclohexyl is seen) palladium, two (three-O-toluene phosphine) palladiums of trans-dichloro, (1, 5-cyclo-octadiene) palladium chloride, chlorine palladium acid sodium, three (dibenzalacetone) two palladiums-chloroform adducts, triphenylphosphine palladium acetate, two (acetonitrile) palladium bichloride, [1, the two diphenylphosphine propane of 3-] palladium bichloride, tetrakis triphenylphosphine palladium etc. preferably 1, two (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene of 1'-] close palladium bichloride (PdCl2 (dppf)). wherein the consumption mol ratio of halogenated aryl hydrocarbon, that acid esters of connection boron frequency is 1:1-1:2, and the consumption mol ratio of halogenated aryl hydrocarbon and palladium catalyst is 20:1-100:1.
Wherein step (1) reaction dissolvent is the mixed solvent of one or both and multiple mentioned reagent for DMF, dioxane, oxolane, DMSO, carrene, chloroform (chloroform), toluene, acetone. Reaction temperature can, at 0 DEG C-160 DEG C, be 20 DEG C-60 DEG C as preferable reaction temperature, and the reaction time is as the criterion to react completely, and can be 30 minutes to 24 hours. Wherein the alkaline reagent of the use of step (1) one of is following reagent: organic base, as sodium methoxide, caustic alcohol, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, Sodamide, trityl sodium, potassium tert-butoxide, pyridine, piperidines, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropyl amine (TPA) or diisopropyl ethyl amine etc.; Inorganic base, as potash, sodium carbonate, saleratus, sodium acid carbonate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, preferably alkaline reagent is potassium acetate, the consumption mol ratio of halogenated aryl hydrocarbon and potassium acetate is 1:1-1:3.
The clean method of Ka Gelie of preparing provided by the invention, wherein step (2) starting compound used (V) can be one of following: the iodo-2-aminomethyl phenyl of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-) methyl] thiophene, the bromo-2-aminomethyl phenyl of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-) methyl] thiophene.
Wherein the alkaline reagent of the use of step (2) one of is following reagent: organic base, as sodium methoxide, caustic alcohol, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, Sodamide, trityl sodium, potassium tert-butoxide, pyridine, piperidines, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropyl amine (TPA) or diisopropyl ethyl amine etc.; Inorganic base, as potash, sodium carbonate, saleratus, sodium acid carbonate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, compound (V) is 1:1-1:3 with the consumption mol ratio of alkali.
Wherein the reaction dissolvent of step (2) is the mixed solvent of one or both and multiple mentioned reagent of DMF, dioxane, oxolane, DMSO, carrene, chloroform (chloroform), toluene, acetone. Reaction temperature can, at 0 DEG C-200 DEG C, be 0 DEG C-60 DEG C as preferable reaction temperature, and the reaction time is as the criterion to react completely, and can be 30 minutes to 24 hours.
The clean preparation method of a kind of Ka Gelie provided by the invention, wherein step (3) alkaline reagent used is one of following: organic base, as sodium methoxide, caustic alcohol, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, Sodamide, trityl sodium, potassium tert-butoxide, pyridine, piperidines, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropyl amine (TPA) or diisopropyl ethyl amine etc.; Inorganic base, as potash, sodium carbonate, saleratus, sodium acid carbonate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, preferably alkaline reagent is sodium methoxide.
Wherein the reaction dissolvent of step (3) is the mixed solvent of one or both and multiple mentioned reagent of methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, carrene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE), isopropyl ether, chloroform (chloroform), acetone etc. Reaction temperature can, at 0 DEG C-200 DEG C, be 20 DEG C-80 DEG C as preferable reaction temperature, and the reaction time is as the criterion to react completely, and can be 30 minutes to 24 hours.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) the clean method of Ka Gelie of preparing of the present invention, adopt palladium catalyst catalytic synthetic techniques, synthetic route shortens dramatically, and only has three steps, simplify operating procedure, reaction condition is comparatively gentle, and post processing is simple and easy to do, is more suitable for industrialization production requirements, not only save production time and labour cost, and reduced production cost, and increasing substantially the yield of reaction, this route total recovery reaches more than 60%;
(2) in the time preparing compound (VI), this route is taked first by compound (II) four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-bromo glucopyranose and connection boric acid pinacol ester generation substitution reaction, boric acid pinacol ester group in the compound (IV) obtaining is more easily left away, and has improved reaction yield;
(3) being obtained in the process of compound (VI) by compound (II), this route adopts the method for carrying out two-step reaction in same reaction system, at compound (II) through reacting and obtain after compounds Ⅳ with connection boric acid pinacol ester, without post processing, directly in former reaction system, add compound (V) to react and obtain compound (VI), simplify operating procedure, shorten the production cycle, post processing is simple and easy to do, improve the yield of reaction, reduce production cost, after the catalyst reaction using in route, be easy to remove, be more suitable for industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention:
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, include but not limited to following examples. Elaborate the present invention below with reference to embodiment, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the preparation method of these embodiment and use. And those skilled in the art can be equal to replacement, combination, improvement or modify the present invention according to description of the invention, but these all will comprise within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of (1) four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-glucopyranose boric acid pinacol ester (IV)
Under nitrogen protection, in 50ml reaction bulb, by [1, two (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene of 1'-] palladium chloride (PdCl2 (dppf)) (0.22g, 0.3mmol), potassium acetate (3.0g, 30mmol) and connection boric acid pinacol ester (2.8g, 10mmol) be dissolved in 12mlDMSO, separately add four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-bromo glucopyranose (5.8g, 10mmol), temperature control, in 80 DEG C, reacts 8 hours, reacts complete, without post processing, directly carry out next step reaction;
(2) three (2,2-neopentanoic acid)-(2S, 3S, 4R, 5R, 6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-fluorophenyl) thiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4-aminomethyl phenyl)-6-(oxy acid methyl neopentyl) tetrahydrochysene-2H-pyrans-3, the preparation of 4,5-, tri-base esters (VI)
In the reactant liquor of above-mentioned reaction, add the iodo-2-aminomethyl phenyl of compound (V) 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-) methyl] thiophene (4.9g, 12mmol), temperature control, in 15 DEG C, reacts 4 hours, react complete, with ethyl acetate/water extraction (V/V=1:1), water layer, with ethyl acetate washed twice, merges organic layer, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrated (7.7g) total recovery of compound (VI) that obtains: 85%;
(3) (1S)-1,5-dehydrogenation-1-C-[3-[[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-thienyl] methyl]-4-aminomethyl phenyl] preparation of-D-Glucose alcohol (Ka Gelie is clean)
In 50ml reaction bulb, add compound VI (4.0g, 5mmol) and 20ml methyl alcohol, stirring at room temperature, dissolves, and adds sodium methoxide (28% methanol solution), temperature control is in 60 DEG C, react 16 hours, be cooled to room temperature, the yellow solution obtaining adds 7ml water and crystal seed, stir 1 hour in-5 DEG C, filtration obtains target compound Ka Gelie clean (1.8g), yield 88%, purity 94%. M.p:105-107 DEG C; ESI-MS:445 (MH+).1HNMR(CD3OD)δ7.5(m,2H),7.3(m,1H),7.25(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.15(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.0(m,3H),6.7(m,1H),4.9(s,4H),4.2(s,2H),4.1(m,1H),3.9(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),3.7(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),3.45(m,4H),2.3(s,3H)。
Embodiment 2
The preparation of (1) four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-glucopyranose boric acid pinacol ester (IV)
Under nitrogen protection, in 50ml reaction bulb, two (triphenylphosphine) ferrocene are closed to palladium bichloride (0.21g, 0.3mmol), potash (4.1g, 30mmol) and connection boric acid pinacol ester (2.8g, 10mmol) be dissolved in 12mlDMF, separately add four pivaloyl groups-alpha-D-bromo glucopyranose (5.8g, 10mmol), temperature control is in 80 DEG C, react 10 hours, react complete, without post processing, directly carry out next step reaction;
(2) three (2,2-neopentanoic acid)-(2S, 3S, 4R, 5R, 6R)-2-(3-((5-(4-fluorophenyl) thiophene-2-yl) methyl)-4-aminomethyl phenyl)-6-(oxy acid methyl neopentyl) tetrahydrochysene-2H-pyrans-3, the preparation of 4,5-, tri-base esters (VI)
In the reactant liquor of above-mentioned reaction, add the bromo-2-aminomethyl phenyl of compound (V) 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-) methyl] thiophene (4.9g, 12mmol), temperature control is in 20 DEG C, react 8 hours, react complete, with carrene/water extraction (V/V=1:1), water layer is with twice of washed with dichloromethane, merge organic layer, anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, concentrates and obtains compound (VI) (7.0g), total recovery: 75%;
(3) (1S)-1,5-dehydrogenation-1-C-[3-[[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-thienyl] methyl]-4-aminomethyl phenyl] preparation of-D-Glucose alcohol (Ka Gelie is clean)
In 50ml reaction bulb, add in compound VI (4.0g, 5mmol) and 20ml methyl alcohol, stirring at room temperature makes it to dissolve, add sodium methoxide (28% methanol solution), temperature control, in 60 DEG C, reacts 16 hours, be cooled to room temperature, the yellow solution obtaining adds 7ml water and crystal seed, in-5 DEG C of stirrings 1 hour, filters and obtains target compound Ka Gelie clean (1.7g), yield 85%, purity 90%. M.p:105-107 DEG C; ESI-MS:445 (MH+).1HNMR(CD3OD)δ7.5(m,2H),7.3(m,1H),7.25(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.15(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.0(m,3H),6.7(m,1H),4.9(s,4H),4.2(s,2H),4.1(m,1H),3.9(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),3.7(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),3.45(m,4H),2.3(s,3H)。
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not subject to the restriction of embodiment; other is any does not deviate from change, modification, the combination made under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, simplify and all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.