CN103980020B - The biological organic fertilizer that a kind of decomposing microbial inoculum and natural organic matter material produce - Google Patents
The biological organic fertilizer that a kind of decomposing microbial inoculum and natural organic matter material produce Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses<b>the green bio fertilizer that the multi-functional decomposing microbial inoculum of a kind of use and natural organic matter material produce</b>.This fertilizer is after adding multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum in multiple natural organic matter material mixture, form through abundant fermentation maturity, plantation suitable in organic farm products, decomposing microbial inoculum active component includes bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride, natural organic matter material includes brown coal, ground phosphate rock, bean cake and Testa Tritici, decomposing microbial inoculum and natural organic matter material ratio of weight and number 1:100.Described fertilizer organic matter 50%, total nutrient 9%, aminoacid 8%, living bacteria count 2 × 108Individual/g, the harm of heavy metal free, disease pest ovum and weed seed, can rehabilitating soil, culture fertility, enhances disease resistance, increasing yield and improving quality, it is applied to green cucumber mu volume increase 7.47～26.93%, diseases control 51.1%, is applied to tomato planting and improves total sugar, soluble solid and red pigment content, reduce nitrate content.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biofermentation technique fermentation natural organic matter material and produce the technical field of green fertilizer, relate to the multi-functional decomposing microbial inoculum of a kind of use and the biological organic fertilizer of natural organic matter material production.
Background technology
In the recent period, China occurs in that many alarming problems in food safety, include agricultural product, also a lot of problems is occurred in that, the Practice for Pesticide Residue in Agricultural Products that such as overspray pesticide causes exceeds standard, it is excessively used the quality of agricultural product decline that chemical fertilizer causes, accumulation of taste bad and carcinogen nitrite etc..Severe in the face of these but must solve problem time, by reducing or reasonable employment pesticide and chemical fertilizer ensure that yield and quality is on the one hand, plantation organic farm products as a kind of important solution also seem very important.
The organic agriculture mode of production is to utilize the Efficient Cycle of animal, plant, microorganism and 4 kinds of factor of productions of soil, the not mode of production of broken biological endless-chain, the principle of organic agriculture is to produce under the closed circulation state of agricultural energy, and all processes all utilizes agricultural resource.Organic farm products and a topmost difference of other agricultural product are exactly that organic farm products absolute prohibition in process of manufacture uses the artificial synthetic such as any pesticide, chemical fertilizer, hormone, and do not allow to use technique for gene engineering；Other agricultural product then allow these materials of limited use, and are not prohibited by using technique for gene engineering.
But, the plantation nutrition that needs fertilizer the same as other agricultural product of organic farm products, otherwise will not grow, it is also desirable to pest and disease damage is prevented, otherwise will suffering.Therefore, when chemical fertilizer and pesticide can not be used, select rational organic fertilizer and disease-resistant mode to be particularly important.Organic fertilizer major part feces of livestock and poultry currently used in agricultural planting produces, these fertilizers contain substantial amounts of heavy metal, also some sex pheromones and worm's ovum are carried, from organic farm products standard still from the production requirement not complying with organic agriculture food safety aspect.At present, the fertilizer that can meet organic agriculture plantation includes natural plants fertilizer and microbial manure (without genetic engineering), and the pesticide that can meet organic agriculture plantation only has biological pesticide.
Summary of the invention
For problem above, the special proposition present invention.This invention is a kind of green bio fertilizer with natural nutrient, organic matter, disease resistance and active bio, this fertilizer be by add a kind of multi-functional decomposing microbial inoculum to mixing multiple natural organic matter material in, ferment through fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and produce and prepare, be particularly well-suited to the plant development of organic farm products.
The invention discloses following technology contents for achieving the above object:
A kind of green bio fertilizer, it is characterised in that it is made up of multi-functional organic material composting bacteria fermentation natural organic matter material, wherein multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum is 1:100 with the ratio of weight and number of natural organic matter material；Green bio fertilizer living bacteria count is 2 × 108Individual/g；The parts by weight of described organic material composting microbial inoculum are as follows:
Bacillus subtilis 1～3 Bacillus licheniformis 0.5～2
Sporotrichum thermophile 1～2 aspergillus oryzae 0.5～1
Trichoderma viride 0.5～3；
The parts by weight of described natural organic matter material are as follows: 40～60 parts of brown coal, 20～40 parts of ground phosphate rock, bean cake 5～15 parts and 5～15 parts of Testa Tritici.
The wherein brown coal content of organic matter >=45, ground phosphate rock phosphorus pentoxide content >=30%, bean cake total nitrogen content >=5%, Testa Tritici is fresh not snake.
The present invention further discloses the production method of green green bio fertilizer, it is characterised in that undertaken by the steps:
(1) raw material and formula: fully mixing weighing brown coal, ground phosphate rock, bean cake and Testa Tritici batch mixer by weight, wherein brown coal account for 40～60 parts；Ground phosphate rock accounts for 20～40 parts；Bean cake accounts for 5～15 parts；Testa Tritici accounts for 5～15 parts；The brown coal content of organic matter >=45%, ground phosphate rock phosphorus pentoxide content >=30%, bean cake total nitrogen content >=5%, Testa Tritici is fresh not snake；
(2) add water: add water by the weight ratio that water and mixed material ratio of weight and number are 1:1, control water content 50～60%；
(3) multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum is added: add function organic material composting microbial inoculum by multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum and mixed material with the ratio that ratio of weight and number is 1:100；
(4) bank up specification: water will be regulated and add the organic bank of mixing of multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum and grow up trapezoidal, heap top width 1 meter, piles bottom width 2 meters, piles high summer and autumn 0.8～1 meter, winter-spring season 1.2～1.4 meters, heap is long to be determined according to place, and often heap volume is no less than 5 sides；
(5) control of turning time: after fermentation of banking up starts, if fermentation initial stage temperature does not rise, as moisture content is inadequate, then adjust moisture to recommending ratio 50～60%, as moisture content is excessive, then must turn over every day and smash once, increase oxygen content in buttress, promote rapid microbial growth, until heap temperature rises.Keep three days when temperature of charge (20～30 centimetres of depths) rises to 55 DEG C, then turn over and smash once, in order to killing harmful pathogenic microorganism and the worm's ovums such as excrement enterobacteria and roundworm egg.After heap temperature rises to 55 DEG C again, keep three days, then turn over and smash once.Carrying out turning over smashing according to heap tender feeling condition afterwards, temperature upward period does not turn over and smashes, and temperature stops rising then to turn over smashing, when temperature is more than 70 DEG C, need to carry out turning over immediately smashing, eliminate the high temperature suppression to growth of microorganism by lowering the temperature, thus promoting the activity of a large amount of mesophilic bacteria, accelerate the process of compost.
(6) turning require: turn over buttress process to be accomplished adjust, even, broken；Adjusting is exactly top section original in buttress is transferred to earth's surface become underclad portion, and underclad portion is transferred to top layer and is become top section；Even is exactly that buttress Raw is mixed also uneven part, again carries out mixing work；Broken exactly the massive zymolysis thing formed during the fermentation being carried out crushes work；
(7) fermentation termination controls: when heap temperature is identical with outdoor temperature, moisture is down to below 30%, outward appearance pitchy, and namely odorless completes the whole fermentation production process of green organic fertilizer, and the whole cycle is generally 15～20 days.
(8) fermented quality controls: carrying out after having fermented pulverizing, sieve, detect, weigh and packing, green organic manure production completes；Wherein green organic manure organic matter requires to reach 50%, N, P, K total nutrient 9%, and containing abundant aminoacid, amino acid content reaches 8%, living bacteria count > 2 × 108Individual/g, excrement colibacillus group number is negative, induced worm egg death rate 100%.
Green bio fertilizer of the present invention relates to multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum and natural organic matter material, both are indispensable, namely this fertilizer is after adding a kind of multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum in the mixture combined by multiple natural organic matter material, produce after abundant fermentation maturity and obtain, be particularly well-suited to the plant development of organic farm products.
The present invention further discloses green bio fertilizer in the disease resistance strengthening crop, reduces the injury of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and raising yield is improved crop quality and promoted to increase income the application of aspect.
The multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum that the present invention relates to, its active component includes bacillus subtilis (Bacillussubtilis), Bacillus licheniformis (Bacilluslicheniformis), sporotrichum thermophile (SporotrichumthermophileApinis), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae) and Trichoderma viride (Trichodermaviride).
The weight ratio of described bacillus subtilis, described Bacillus licheniformis, described sporotrichum thermophile, described aspergillus oryzae and described Trichoderma viride is 1～3:0.5～2:1～2:0.5～1:0.5～3.
Described bacillus subtilis concretely Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center deposit number is the bacterial strain of ACCC11089.
Described Bacillus licheniformis concretely Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center deposit number is the bacterial strain of ACCC04249.
Described sporotrichum thermophile concretely Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center deposit number is the bacterial strain of ACCC30346.
Described aspergillus oryzae concretely Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center deposit number is the bacterial strain of ACCC30155.
Described Trichoderma viride concretely Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center deposit number is the bacterial strain of ACCC30166.
Multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum of the present invention integrates cellulose decomposition, breaks down proteins, disease-resistant and bacterial manure several functions, after adding mixing natural organic matter material, probiotics is decomposed the natural organic matter material that becomes thoroughly decomposed on the one hand and is formed the fertilizer of stable high nutrient, organic materials is utilized to carry out self-reproduction on the one hand, own disease resistance and bacterial manure function are transplanted in the fertilizer generated, makes the fertilizer of generation also be provided with disease-resistant and bacterial manure performance.
Green bio fertilizer of the present invention has various features, and first, raw materials for production are all made up of natural raw material, pollution-free；Secondly, natural organic matter and inorganic nutrients content are high, can meet the demand of organic plantation nutrient；3rd, the disease pest ovum carried is considerably less, can reduce the generation of diseases and pests of agronomic crop in a large number；4th, there is substantial amounts of activity beneficial microbe, can disease-resistant, the conversion of nutrient can be promoted, it is also possible to improve Soil structure etc.；Finally, inorganic nutrients, organic nutrient and biofacies are combined and have manufactured a kind of three-in-one novel green fertilizer by this fertilizer, have both played respective advantage, and have overcome again respective shortcoming.
Green bio fertilizer of the present invention can promote soil remediation, culture fertility, and what strengthen the disease resistance of crop, minimizing chemical fertilizer and pesticide makes consumption simultaneously, reduces and puts into, and improves yield, improves crop quality, promote to increase income.
Green bio fertilizer pitchy of the present invention, odorless, tasteless, easy to use.Organic matter reaches 50%, and N, P, K total nutrient reaches 9%, and containing abundant aminoacid, amino acid content reaches more than 8%, living bacteria count > 2 × 108Individual/g.Use this green organic fertilizer mu amount of increase in production 7.47～26.93%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below example is easy to be more fully understood that the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.Test material used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is and is commercially available from routine biochemistry reagent shop.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of machine material decomposing microbial inoculum
Quantitative test in following example, is respectively provided with three times and repeats experiment, results averaged.Following bacterial strain is all obtained from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (AgriculturalCultureCollectionofChina is called for short ACCC):
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillussubtilis): ACCC deposit number is 11089, is called for short ACCC11089；
Bacillus licheniformis (Bacilluslicheniformis): ACCC deposit number is 04249, is called for short ACCC04249；
Sporotrichum thermophile (SporotrichumthermophileApinis): ACCC deposit number is 30346, is called for short ACCC30346；Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae): ACCC deposit number is 30155, is called for short ACCC30155；
Trichoderma viride (Trichodermaviride): ACCC deposit number is 30166, is called for short ACCC30166.
One, the preparation of culture medium
1, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose agar medium (PDA)
Removing the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200 grams of skin, be cut into small pieces, the 1000ml that adds water boils 30 minutes, elimination potato ball, filtrate is complemented to 1000ml, adds glucose 20 grams, 15 grams of agar, dissolve rear subpackage, 15 pounds of sterilizings 30 minutes, pH is natural, is not added with agar during preparation fluid medium.
2, nutrient agar
It is made up of peptone 5g, sodium chloride 5g, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g and distilled water 1000ml.PH7.0(solid medium adds agar 15-20g).
3, fungus solids fermentation medium
Testa Tritici 80g, bean cake 10g, (NH4)2SO41.0g, KH2PO40.2g, MgSO4·7H2O0.05g, 80mL distilled water.
Two, the activation of strain
Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are seeded in nutrient agar culture medium；Sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride are seeded in PDA culture medium.
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride are carried out respectively inclined-plane switching, accesses respective ramp culture medium, activation culture 2-3 days.
Three, the mutual antagonistic experiment between bacterial strain
Bacillus subtilis after activation, Bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride are carried out the mutual antagonistic experiment between bacterial strain, combination of two, is divided into into 20 kinds of compound modes, each combination three repetition.
Adopt steel ring method to carry out bacteriostatic test, bacterial strain is cultivated in corresponding culture medium 2-3 days (190r/min, 28 DEG C) and makes fermentation liquid.The fermentation liquid 0.1mL taking one of which bacterium (A) is applied on PDA plate, then on the solid medium of each flat board, put the steel ring of two prior sterilizings, the fermentation liquid of any bacterium (B) outside the A bacterium of 0.25mL is added again in each steel ring, each process in triplicate, with the plate that only connects A bacterium for comparison.Cultivate and the antibacterial situation of routine observation for 28 DEG C.
Result is in Table 1.
Antagonistic effect between table 1 strain
Note: " " represents that Antagonistic reaction is negative, "+" represent that Antagonistic reaction is positive
Result of the test shows unrestraint effect between bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and 5 kinds of bacterium of Trichoderma viride, and Antagonistic reaction is feminine gender.
Three, the preparation of organic material composting microbial inoculum (representing with composite bacteria agent capable below)
1, the cultivation of bacteria culture and fermentation
Wherein 2 strains are bacterial isolateses, they are bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, slant medium and Shake flask medium are all nutrient agar, 15 grams of agar are added during preparation solid medium, seed tank and fermentation tank culture medium are 1000kg water, the bean milk of 8.75kg Semen sojae atricolor, the starch of 6.5kg, 1kg glucose, CaCO3100g, FeCl310g, pH7.0, after 121 DEG C of real tank sterilizings 30 minutes, cultivate 48 hours at 28 DEG C～30 DEG C, and in every ml fermentation liquid, bacterium number reaches 6 × 108Individual/g.Then it is adsorbed on the Vermiculitum of 1 part room temperature dries by the fermentation liquid of weight ratio 3 parts respectively and namely obtain bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis single strain microbial inoculum.
2, the cultivation of fungus bacterium and fermentation
Fungal bacterial strain includes sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride 3 fungal strain.Inclined-plane and Shake flask medium are Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, glucose agar medium, and slant medium adds agar.Being sub-packed in 500ml triangular flask after sterilized for fluid medium, access each fungus slant strains, shaking table speed 180r/min, cultivate 48 hours for 28 DEG C～30 DEG C, when occurring in shaking flask that density is big, mycelium pellet is substantially not muddy.
Fungal bacterial strain seed tank and fermentation cylinder for fermentation culture medium are the cooking liquor of 1000kg water, the bean milk of 8.75kg Semen sojae atricolor, the starch of 6.5kg, 1kg glucose and 2kg Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, pH7.0, after 121 DEG C of real tank sterilizings 30 minutes, cultivate 48 hours at 28 DEG C～30 DEG C, after the mycelium pellet that density is big occurs in fermentation liquid, be inoculated on fungus solids fermentation medium, inoculum concentration 10%, 121 DEG C, 0.1MPa autoclaving 30min, 25 DEG C of solid fermentations cultivate 48h.In solid-state fermentation tank, the loading amount of culture medium is the 70% of volume, and sporotrichum thermophile, aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma viride spore count respectively reach 6 × 108Individual/g, 5 × 108Individual/g and 5 × 108Individual/g.
The bacillus subtilis produced as stated above, described Bacillus licheniformis, described sporotrichum thermophile, described aspergillus oryzae and described Trichoderma viride list strain weight ratio are that 1～3:0.5～2:1～2:0.5～1:0.5～3 mixing prepares composite bacteria agent capable after mixing thoroughly, and composite bacteria agent capable living bacteria count reaches 5 × 108Individual/g.
Embodiment 2:
The production of green bio fertilizer
When certain site facility, by being added with Multi Role Aircraft material decomposing microbial inoculum, the mixing natural organic matter material generation biodegradation of the organic component such as rich cellulose and protein, chemical degradation and physical change, produce CO2、H2O and NH3Deng gas and discharge heat, generate to be converted by crop in a large number and absorb micromolecular inorganic and organic nutrient substance, form stable physical arrangement and state, obtain Environmental-friendbiological biological organic fertilizer product of the present invention.
1, raw material and formula
Green bio organic fertilizer production raw material includes the organic materials that brown coal, ground phosphate rock, bean cake and Testa Tritici are four kinds natural.By weight, brown coal account for 40～60%；Ground phosphate rock accounts for 20～40%；Bean cake accounts for 5～15%；Testa Tritici accounts for 5～15%.
2, material choice
The brown coal content of organic matter >=45%, ground phosphate rock phosphorus pentoxide content >=30%, bean cake total nitrogen content >=5%, Testa Tritici is fresh not snake.
3, proportioning raw materials
Weigh by weight 40～60% brown coal, the ground phosphate rock of 20～40%, the bean cake of 5～15% and 5～15% Testa Tritici.
4, the mixing of raw material
The brown coal weighed by weight, ground phosphate rock, bean cake and Testa Tritici batch mixer are fully mixed.
5, add water
By water: the weight ratio of mixed material 1:1 adds water, control water content about 50～60%.
6, multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum is added
By multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum: the weight ratio of mixed material 1:100 adds multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum.
7, bank up specification
By regulating water and adding the organic bank of mixing of multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum and grow up trapezoidal, piling top width 1 meter, pile bottom width 2 meters, pile high summer and autumn 0.8～1 meter, winter-spring season 1.2～1.4 meters, heap is long determine according to place, often piles volume no less than 5 sides.
8, the control of turning time
After fermentation of banking up starts, if fermentation initial stage temperature does not rise, as moisture content is inadequate, then adjust moisture to recommending ratio 50～60%, as moisture content is excessive, then must turn over every day and smash once, increase oxygen content in buttress, promote rapid microbial growth, until heap temperature rises.Keep three days when temperature of charge (20～30 centimetres of depths) rises to 55 DEG C, then turn over and smash once, in order to killing harmful pathogenic microorganism and the worm's ovums such as excrement enterobacteria and roundworm egg.After heap temperature rises to 55 DEG C again, keep three days, then turn over and smash once.Carrying out turning over smashing according to heap tender feeling condition afterwards, temperature upward period does not turn over and smashes, and temperature stops rising then to turn over smashing, when temperature is more than 70 DEG C, need to carry out turning over immediately smashing, eliminate the high temperature suppression to growth of microorganism by lowering the temperature, thus promoting the activity of a large amount of mesophilic bacteria, accelerate the process of compost.
9, turning requirement
Turn over buttress process to be accomplished adjust, even, broken.Adjusting is exactly top section original in buttress is transferred to earth's surface become underclad portion, and underclad portion is transferred to top layer and is become top section, to reach the purpose fully fermented；Even is exactly that buttress Raw is mixed also uneven part, again carries out mixing work；Broken exactly the massive zymolysis thing formed during the fermentation being carried out crushes work.
10, fermentation termination controls
When heap temperature is identical with outdoor temperature, moisture is down to below 30%, outward appearance pitchy, odorless, namely complete the whole fermentation production process of green organic fertilizer, the whole cycle is generally 15～20 days, and the time in winter is longer.
11, fermented quality controls
Carrying out after having fermented pulverizing, sieve, detect, weigh and packing, green organic manure production completes.Green organic manure organic matter requires to reach 50%, N, P, K total nutrient 9%, and containing abundant aminoacid, amino acid content reaches 8%, living bacteria count > 2 × 108Individual/g, excrement colibacillus group number is negative, induced worm egg death rate 100%.
Owing to described organic material composting microbial inoculum integrates cellulose decomposition, breaks down proteins, disease-resistant and bacterial manure several functions, after adding mixing natural organic matter material, probiotics is decomposed humus organic material material on the one hand and is formed the fertilizer of stable high nutrient, organic materials is utilized to carry out self expanding propagation on the one hand, own disease-resistant and bacterial manure function is transplanted in the fertilizer generated, makes the fertilizer of generation be provided with the multiple performances such as disease-resistant and bacterial manure equally.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of multi-functional organic material composting composite bacteria agent capable, is formulated as follows:
The composition (by weight) of the multi-functional organic material composting microbial inoculum of table 2
Wherein living bacteria count is 5 × 108Individual/g；
The proportioning (weight percent) of table 3 natural organic matter material
Embodiment 4:
The using method of green bio fertilizer
Use green bio fertilizer, the supply of plant nutrient can be increased, can alleviate again and excessive use the pollution that agricultural land soil and water environment are caused by chemical fertilizer；The existing economic benefit improving crops quality and increasing both production and income, has again significant ecological benefits and social benefit.Protection to agricultural sustainable development and ecological environment, and develop pollution-free, pollution-free green food and all have broad prospects.
Suitable in various vegetables, melon and fruit and cereal crops, industrial crops, and all kinds of crops such as Nicotiana tabacum L., Folium Camelliae sinensis, Chinese herbal medicine, flowers.Administration form is varied, and using method is simple and easy to do.
1, base manure
Use 100～300 kilograms for every mu, spread fertilizer over the fields before ploughing and earth's surface, be then uniformly manured into soil with ploughing interior as base manure use.
2, seed dressing
Mix thoroughly with fertilizer after seed is squirted, be all stained with fertilizer with every the surface of the seed and be advisable, after seed dressing, dry in the shade (avoiding direct sunlight), sow immediately.Every mu of fertilizer application amount about 3 kilograms.Seed dressing is applicable to the crop of direct program request, such as Cotton Gossypii, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Chinese cabbage, Radix Raphani, Citrullus vulgaris, Fructus Melo etc..
3, seed soaking
Some seed coats are thicker or plant the seed that shell is harder, it is possible to the method adopting seed soaking.Specific practice is to be immersed in water by bio-feritlizer through being sufficiently stirred for and place 4 hours in the ratio of 1:50, takes supernatant and soaks seed 12～24 hours, then through drying in the shade, can sow.Every mu of fertilizer application amount about 3 kilograms.
4, it is stained with root
When the crops such as vegetable transplant seedlings field planting, being stained with root is a kind of important application process.Specific practice is in the ratio furnishing pasty state of 1:10 fertilizer and water, and sticks on seedling root equably, field planting immediately, mu consumption about 5 kilograms.
5, pouring root
In the ratio of 1:25, fertilizer is mixed with water and stirs evenly, then pour into crop root, mu consumption about 5 kilograms.Pouring root is applicable to fruit tree, vegetable and flowers etc..
6, spread manuer in holes
When dibbling or transplanting, the method that all can take to spread manuer in holes.For ease of fertilising, put in every cave after fertilizer can be mixed with fine earth, then transplant again or dibbling, mu consumption about 5 kilograms.
7, ditch spread
In field of vegetables, trench digging is sprinkled into fertilizer, then moves seedling or dibbling, its advantage be relatively spread manuer in holes more simple and easy to do, it is adaptable to transplant Herba Alii fistulosi, Bulbus Allii etc., mu consumption about 8 kilograms.
8, spray
It is mainly used in fruit vegetables and fruit tree, Camellia sinensis etc..Before bearing fruit and spray before maturation, positive effect can be received.Concrete grammar is, after being sufficiently stirred for and place 1～2 hour in 1:50 ratio by fertilizer and water, to take supernatant and spray on crop blade face, and precipitate can apply crop root.
9, for seedbed and Nutrition Soil
It is sprinkling upon seedling bed surface by 30 kilograms of every mu of seedbed bio-fertilizer during raising rice seedlings, then broadcasts sowing seed rice, be then covered by fine earth and button mulch film；During vegetable nursery, with fertilizer preparation Nutrition Soil (1:500), notable effect of increasing production can be received.
10, it is used for making compost
Bank up after fertilizer and farm manure are mixed in 1:500 ratio, farm manure both can have been made fully to become thoroughly decomposed fermentation, the fertilizer efficiency of farm manure can be improved again.
11, multiple fertilizing method and repeatedly using
In crop time of infertility, multiple fertilizing method can be adopted and repeatedly use, comparatively ideal effect of increasing production can be obtained.During such as cucumber seedling-raising, nursery soil joins biological organic fertilizer；Spread manuer in holes during survival after transplant or be stained with root biological organic fertilizer；Namely spray multiple fertilizing methods such as biological organic fertilizer and repeatedly using after often plucking one batch of melon to combine.
Embodiment 5:
The disease-resistant test in field of green bio fertilizer
1, test site
Hemerocallis citrina Baroni shop township, Wuqing District, Tianjin, is experimental field meta-alkalescence garden loam.
2, varieties of plant: Fructus Cucumidis sativi
3, field design
(1) green bio fertilizer 200Kg/ mu is spread fertilizer over the fields during field planting；(2) spread fertilizer over the fields green bio fertilizer 200Kg/ mu+5kg/ mu green bio fertilizer during field planting and be stained with root；(3) comparison.
4, result of the test
Table 4 green bio fertilizer field disease resisting effect
Result of the test shows, adds green bio fertilizer and has obvious disease resisting effect, processes 1 preventive effect and reaches 51.1%, processes 2 preventive effects and reaches 58.7%.
Embodiment 6:
The field simulation experiments of green bio fertilizer
One, green cucumber test
1, test site: Beichen District, Tianjin Xi Ditou group
2, trial crops and kind: yellow No. 2 of Tianjin
3, experimental field basic condition
30 old vegetable garden soils, loam, soil fertility belongs to higher level.Test area 0.7 mu, plot area 16m2。
4, EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:
If 2 process: process 1: conventional fertilizer application { comparison }；Process 2: conventional fertilizer application+green bio fertilizer (200 kgs/acre).
5, result of the test
Table 5 green bio fertilizer is on the impact of cucumber yield and Economic and Efficiency Analysis
Upper table illustrates that the process using green bio fertilizer increases yield 1014kg than comparison mu, and increasing degree is 26.93%.
Two, tomato planting test
1, test site
Test carries out after Ninghe County, Tianjin reed platform is thin, and test kind is Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.
2, experimental field basic condition
Middle loamy texture moisture soil, plot area 9m2, the soil organism 2.10%, full nitrogen 0.080%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 105mg Kg-1, rapid available phosphorus 39mg Kg-1, available potassium 150mg Kg-1, diammonium 150Kg/hm2, carbamide 150Kg/hm2。
3, EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
If 2 process: 1. comparison；2. enrich green bio fertilizer (200 kgs/acre).Two process 3 repetitive sequence arrangements.
4, result of the test
(1) the green bio fertilizer impact on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti Growth Character
The impact on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti Growth Character of the table 6 green bio fertilizer
It can be seen that green bio fertilizer improves tomato biological character, plant height adds 0.26m than comparison, and stem slightly increases 0.18cm, and chlorophyll improves 2.99%, and fruit diameter increases 1.59cm.
(2) the green bio fertilizer impact on tomato yield
The impact on tomato yield of the table 7 green bio fertilizer
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti yield per hectare increases 3.108T, increases production 7.47%, uses green bio fertilizer, not only increase production, and have improvement soil, improve crop quality, and crop tamato fruit mouthfeel is good, t value assay, reaches significant level between process.
Embodiment 7:
The impact on quality of green bio fertilizer is tested
1, test site
Lan Zhouwan township, Manas County Lanzhou Wan Ercun
2, trial crops: Fructus Lycopersici esculenti 87-5
3, experimental field basic condition
Loamy texture desert grey soil, soil fertility level is medium on the lower side.Conventional fertilizer application amount diammonium 15kg/ mu, phosphate fertilizer 30kg/ mu, carbamide 30kg/ mu.
4, EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
If 3 process: (1) conventional fertilizer application (comparison)；(2) conventional fertilizer application+100kg/ mu green bio fertilizer bottom application；(3) the organic fat bottom application+5kg/ mu green bio fertilizer of conventional fertilizer application+100kg/ mu green bio is stained with root
5, result of the test
The impact on Tomato Quality of the table 8 green bio fertilizer
Test result indicate that, after using green bio fertilizer, total sugar, soluble solid, red pigment content are all high than comparison, and the content of harmful substance nitrate have dropped, and illustrates that using this fertilizer can improve the quality of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that it is made up of organic material composting bacteria fermentation natural organic matter material, wherein organic material composting microbial inoculum is 1:100 with the ratio of weight and number of natural organic matter material；Biological organic fertilizer living bacteria count is more than 2 × 108Individual/g；The parts by weight of described organic material composting microbial inoculum are as follows:
Bacillus subtilis 1～3 Bacillus licheniformis 0.5～2
Sporotrichum thermophile 1～2 aspergillus oryzae 0.5～1
Trichoderma viride 0.5～3；
Following bacterial strain is all obtained from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center (AgriculturalCultureCollectionofChina is called for short ACCC):
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillussubtilis): ACCC deposit number is 11089, is called for short ACCC11089；
Bacillus licheniformis (Bacilluslicheniformis): ACCC deposit number is 04249, is called for short ACCC04249；
Sporotrichum thermophile (SporotrichumthermophileApinis): ACCC deposit number is 30346, is called for short ACCC30346；
Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae): ACCC deposit number is 30155, is called for short ACCC30155；
Trichoderma viride (Trichodermaviride): ACCC deposit number is 30166, is called for short ACCC30166；
The parts by weight of described natural organic matter material are as follows: 40～60 parts of brown coal, 20～40 parts of ground phosphate rock, bean cake 5～15 parts and 5～15 parts of Testa Tritici；The wherein brown coal content of organic matter >=45%, ground phosphate rock phosphorus pentoxide content >=30%, bean cake total nitrogen content >=5%, Testa Tritici is fresh not snake；
Its preparation method is undertaken by the steps:
(1) raw material and formula: the brown coal weighed by weight, ground phosphate rock, bean cake and Testa Tritici batch mixer are fully mixed, and wherein brown coal account for 40～60 parts；Ground phosphate rock accounts for 20～40 parts；Bean cake accounts for 5～15 parts；Testa Tritici accounts for 5～15 parts；The brown coal content of organic matter >=45%, ground phosphate rock phosphorus pentoxide content >=30%, bean cake total nitrogen content >=5%, Testa Tritici is fresh not snake；
(2) add water: add water by the weight ratio that water and mixed material ratio of weight and number are 1:1, control water content 50～60%；
(3) organic materials decomposing microbial inoculum is added: add organic materials decomposing microbial inoculum by organic material composting microbial inoculum and mixed material with the ratio that ratio of weight and number is 1:100；
(4) bank up specification: water will be regulated and add the organic bank of mixing of organic material composting microbial inoculum and grow up trapezoidal, heap top width 1 meter, piles bottom width 2 meters, piles high summer and autumn 0.8～1 meter, winter-spring season 1.2～1.4 meters, heap is long to be determined according to place, and often heap volume is no less than 5 sides；
(5) control of turning time: after fermentation of banking up starts, if fermentation initial stage temperature does not rise, as moisture content is inadequate, then adjust moisture to recommending ratio 50～60%, as moisture content is excessive, then must turn over every day and smash once, increase oxygen content in buttress, promote rapid microbial growth, until heap temperature rises；Keep three days when 20～30 centimetres of depths temperature of charge rise to 55 DEG C, then turn over and smash once, in order to killing excrement enterobacteria and roundworm egg；After heap temperature rises to 55 DEG C again, keep three days, then turn over and smash once；Carrying out turning over smashing according to heap tender feeling condition afterwards, temperature upward period does not turn over and smashes, and temperature stops rising then to turn over smashing, when temperature is more than 70 DEG C, need to carry out turning over immediately smashing, eliminate the high temperature suppression to growth of microorganism by lowering the temperature, thus promoting the activity of a large amount of mesophilic bacteria, accelerate the process of compost；
(6) turning require: turn over buttress process to be accomplished adjust, even, broken；Adjusting is exactly top section original in buttress is transferred to earth's surface become underclad portion, and underclad portion is transferred to top layer and is become top section；Even is exactly that buttress Raw is mixed also uneven part, again carries out mixing work；Broken exactly the massive zymolysis thing formed during the fermentation being carried out crushes work；
(7) fermentation termination controls: when heap temperature is identical with outdoor temperature, moisture is down to below 30%, outward appearance pitchy, and namely odorless completes the whole fermentation production process of fertilizer, and the whole cycle is generally 15～20 days；
(8) fermented quality controls: carrying out after having fermented pulverizing, sieve, detect, weigh and packing, organic fertilizer products has produced；Wherein organic fertilizer organic matter requires to reach 50%, N, P, K total nutrient 9%, and containing abundant aminoacid, amino acid content reaches 8%, living bacteria count > 2 × 108Individual/g, excrement colibacillus group number is negative, induced worm egg death rate 100%.
2. the biological organic fertilizer that prepared by biological organic fertilizer preparation method described in employing claim 1 application in Disease Resistance of Cucumber, raising Fructus Cucumidis sativi and tomato yield, raising Tomato Quality.
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| CN104591928A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-06 | 周一鸿 | Bio-organic fertilizer with soil remediation function |
| CN105130652A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-09 | 张乔木 | Organic composite water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112010706A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-01 | 成都云图控股股份有限公司 | Special biological organic fertilizer for cucumbers and preparation method thereof |
| CN112778049A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-11 | 湖南省辰河生态农业发展有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for polygonatum odoratum |
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