CN103972959B - The photovoltaic charger of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method and application the method - Google Patents
The photovoltaic charger of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method and application the method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic charger of a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method and application the method, the method is by some current sensor faults situations, other voltage and current information is utilized to carry out signal reconstruct to out of order electric current, ensure the normal work of photovoltaic charger, make fault warning simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control technology field of photovoltaic charger, particularly the photovoltaic charger of a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method and application the method.
Background technology
Photovoltaic charger is the visual plant that photovoltaic power generation equipment is connected with energy storage device (as storage battery etc.), plays power conversion and to intelligent accummulator managerial role.Photovoltaic charger is usually divided into and has MPPT function and be not with MPPT function, and the photovoltaic charger not with MPPT function is Isobarically Control pattern substantially, can be on the low side to the utilance of photovoltaic, causes energy loss.
Maximal power tracing (MPPT:MaxiumPowerPointTracking) is the most important function of photovoltaic system, ensures photovoltaic module energy Maximum Power Output.Conventional MPPT algorithm is disturbance observation (PerturbandObserve), its way gathers photovoltaic voltage and photovoltaic electric current, calculate photovoltaic power, the photovoltaic voltage once of disturbance at set intervals, observation photovoltaic power changes, if power becomes large and just continues disturbance, if power diminishes, then toward contrary direction disturbance toward the direction of disturbance just now.MPPT algorithm utilizes photovoltaic energy in order to maximal efficiency, improves the conversion efficiency to backup battery and DC equipment of photovoltaic module.
Photovoltaic charger needs to carry out intelligent management to battery simultaneously, according to capacity of backup storage battery configuring condition, regulates charging and discharging currents in real time, prevents from overcharging or crossing putting, and makes the damage of battery pair, reduces service time of battery; Photovoltaic charger needs monitoring load to export situation in addition, to photovoltaic charger overwork, needs to make overcurrent alarm or overcurrent protection in time, does not damage photovoltaic charger and storage battery.
Usual photovoltaic charger comprises three Hall current sensors, sample photovoltaic polar plate output current Ipv, battery current Ibat, load current Iload respectively, 3 current sampling datas Ipv, Ibat, Iload play an important role in the controls, (1) need when carrying out MPPT algorithm to use photovoltaic voltage and photovoltaic electric stream calculation photovoltaic power, if photovoltaic electric flow sensor breaks down, then cannot obtain actual real power, cannot MPPT algorithm tracking carried out, cause system to charge or photovoltaic utilance reduce problem.(2), in charge and discharge process; needing the configuring condition according to battery capacity, needing the battery current according to gathering, prevent over-charging of battery by closed-loop control, cross and put; if battery current sensor breaks down, then cannot carry out over-charging of battery, cross the protection of putting.(3), Real-time Collection load output current; load output current is monitored; when output current exceedes system to output current setting range; need alarm or make corresponding protection; if load current sensor breaks down, then output overcurrent alarm and overcurrent protection cannot be carried out.
The normal reliable directly affecting solar recharging system is run by the security reliability of the control system of photovoltaic charger, wherein the failure problems of current sensor is again the very important part of control system failure problems, when it come to the current sensor of control system function breaks down, to directly cause the instability of existing control system, even cause the fail safe of battery or photovoltaic charger itself, therefore how when certain current sensor breaks down, make corresponding measure in time, guarantee system is normally run and is had great importance to solar recharging reliability control system and fail safe.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method, taken into full account when some current sensors break down, utilize other voltage and current parameters to carry out signal reconstruct, ensure system worked well, make fault warning simultaneously.
The present invention adopts following scheme to realize: a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method, is characterized in that: realize as follows:
Step 1: voltage signal Vpv, battery tension signal Vbat that the current signal Ipv that the photovoltaic polar plate of monitoring acquisition in real time exports, battery current signal Ibat, load current signal Iload, photovoltaic polar plate export; Wherein Ipv is by the first current sensor collection, and Ibat is by the second current sensor collection, and Iload is by the 3rd current sensor collection;
Step 2: the power output Ppv=Vpv × Ipv calculating photovoltaic polar plate, the i.e. input power of photovoltaic charger, utilize the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic polar plate to calculate the equivalent output powers Pout1=Ppv × η=Vpv × Ipv × η of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger;
Step 3: utilize battery current signal Ibat, judge that storage battery is in charged state, or discharge condition, if storage battery is in charged state, enter step 4, if storage battery is in discharge condition, enter step 5;
Step 4: utilize the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload+Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Ibat+Iload of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 5; The output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload-Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Iload-Ibat of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 6: judge whether first, second and third current sensor normally works;
Step 7: when the first to the 3rd current sensor all normally works, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking, detection battery current is Ibat, and detection load current is Iload;
When the first current sensor faults, the second current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Pout of photovoltaic charger carries out peak power output tracking, detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and detection load current value is Iload;
When the second current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detection load current value is Iload; Adjustment storage battery flow valuve is storage battery flow valuve | Iout1-Iload|, i.e. Ibat=|Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat-Iload|;
When the 3rd current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the second current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and when storage battery is charged state, adjustment load current is Iout1-Ibat, and when storage battery is discharge condition, adjustment load current is Iout1+Ibat;
When the first to the 3rd current sensor occur two abnormal time, then produce an alarm signal;
Wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in described step 6, judge whether the first current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S21, if photovoltaic input voltage Vpv > is k × Vbat, wherein k > 1, Vbat is battery tension, enters step S22, otherwise terminates;
Step S22, judging whether the first current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports is 0, if so, then enters step S23, otherwise the state of the first current sensor is set to normal operating conditions;
Step S23, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, the state of the first current sensor is set to malfunction, otherwise the state of the first current sensor is set to normal operating conditions.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in described step 6, judge whether the second current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S30, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S31, otherwise enters step S37;
Step S31, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S33, otherwise enters step S32;
Step S32, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S39; Otherwise enter step S37;
Step S33, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S34;
Step S34, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S35, otherwise, enter step S36;
Step S35, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S38; Otherwise enter step S36;
Step S36, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S37;
Step S37, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates;
Step S38, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S39;
Step S39, is set to malfunction by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in described step 6, judge whether the 3rd current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S41, judging that the 3rd current sensor is used for whether the current signal Iload of sample battery continue for some time is 0, if so, then enters step S42, otherwise enters step S47;
Step S42, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S44, otherwise enters step S43;
Step S43, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S49; Otherwise enter step S47;
Step S44, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S44
Step S45, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S48; Otherwise enter step S46;
Step S46, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S47;
Step S47, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates;
Step S48, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S49;
Step S49, is set to malfunction by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic charged apparatus adopting said method, its output is connected to storage battery and DC load respectively, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic charged apparatus comprise DC/DC buck converter, PWM drive circuit, DSP processing unit, warning circuit, the first current sampling circuit, the second current sampling circuit, by the 3rd current sampling circuit, the first voltage sampling circuit and the second voltage sampling circuit; Wherein DC/DC buck converter plays a part power conversion, and PWM drive circuit connects DC/DC buck converter and DSP processing unit;
The first described current sampling circuit is made up of the first current sensor and the first sample circuit, for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports, the i.e. current signal of photovoltaic charger input, the current signal of the first current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the first described sample circuit;
The second described current sampling circuit is made up of the second current sensor and the second sample circuit, for sample battery current signal Ibat, comprises current value and the sense of current; The current value of the current signal of the second current sensor is converted to voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the second sample circuit, and DSP processing unit is known and judged that storage battery is in discharge condition or charged state;
The 3rd described current sampling circuit is made up of the 3rd current sensor and the 3rd sample circuit, and for the load current signal Iload that samples, the current signal of the 3rd current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the 3rd sample circuit;
The voltage signal Vpv that described first voltage sampling circuit exports for photovoltaic polar plate of sampling, i.e. the voltage signal of photovoltaic charger input, described second voltage sampling circuit is used for sample battery voltages signal Vbat.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1), when the first current sensor breaks down, photovoltaic charger cannot carry out maximal input tracking, load current Iload, battery current Ibat and battery tension Vbat is utilized to carry out calculating photovoltaic charger power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload+Ibat) or Pout=Vbat × (Iload-Ibat), utilize disturbance observation by the disturbance to photovoltaic polar plate voltage Vpv, observe the change of power output, thus ensure the realization of maximal power tracing algorithm, ensure to utilize photovoltaic energy to greatest extent.
(2), when the second current sensor breaks down, the input power of photovoltaic charger that the current signal Ipv that the voltage signal Vpv utilizing photovoltaic polar plate to export, photovoltaic polar plate export calculates and the conversion efficiency of DC/DC buck converter draw power output, output current is drawn utilizing battery tension, by comparing with load current, draw charging and discharging state and the battery current thereof of battery, carry out closed-loop control, prevent from over-charging of battery or cross putting.
(3), when load current sensor breaks down; the photovoltaic power of photovoltaic voltage, photovoltaic electric stream calculation and the conversion efficiency of DC/DC buck converter is utilized to draw power output; output current is drawn utilizing battery tension; with known battery charging condition and battery current; calculate load current; ensure to monitor load current, in real time overcurrent alarm or overcurrent protection are carried out to output overcurrent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the fault tolerant control method of a kind of photovoltaic charger of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the first current sensor normally works;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the second current sensor normally works;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the 3rd current sensor normally works;
Fig. 5 is a kind of photovoltaic charger theory diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below by specific embodiment and relevant drawings, enforcement of the present invention will be further elaborated.
Refer to Fig. 1, a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method of the present embodiment, comprises the steps:
Step 1: voltage signal Vpv, battery tension signal Vbat that the current signal Ipv that the photovoltaic polar plate of monitoring acquisition in real time exports, battery current signal Ibat, load current signal Iload, photovoltaic polar plate export;
Step 2: the power output Ppv=Vpv × Ipv calculating photovoltaic polar plate, the i.e. input power of photovoltaic charger, utilizes the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic polar plate to calculate the equivalent output powers Pout1=Ppv × η=Vpv × Ipv × η of photovoltaic charger;
Step 3: utilize battery current signal Ibat, judge that storage battery is in charged state, or discharge condition, if storage battery is in charged state, enter step 4, if storage battery is in discharge condition, enter step 5;
Step 4; The output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload+Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Ibat+Iload of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 5; The output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload-Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η ÷ Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Iload-Ibat of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 6: judge whether the first current sensor normally works, judges whether the second current sensor normally works, and judges whether the 3rd current sensor normally works;
Step 7: when the first to the 3rd current sensor all normally works, enter step 8, when the first current sensor faults, the second current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then enters step 9;
When the second current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then enter step 10;
When the 3rd current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the second current sensor normally work, then enter step 11;
When the first to the 3rd current sensor occur two abnormal time, then enter step 12;
Step 8: utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking, and detection battery current is Ibat, and detection load current is Iload;
Step 9: utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Pout of photovoltaic charger carries out peak power output tracking, and detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and detection load current value is Iload;
Step 10, utilizes disturbance observation, and by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detection load current value is Iload; Adjusting storage battery flow valuve is | Iout1-Iload|, i.e. Ibat=|Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat-Iload|;
Step 11, utilizes disturbance observation, and by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and when storage battery is charged state, adjustment load current is Iout1-Ibat, and when storage battery is discharge condition, adjustment load current is Iout1+Ibat;
Step 12: produce an alarm signal;
Wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger.
Current sensor faults of the present invention refers generally to current sensor open circuit, and the such as open circuit of signals collecting line or sensor power electric power disconnection cause the electric current gathered to be 0.
Refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the first current sensor normally works, and wherein, judges whether the first current sensor normally works, and S21 is to step S25 as follows in step S6:
Step S21, if photovoltaic input voltage Vpv > is k × Vbat, wherein k > 1, Vbat is battery tension, enters step S22, otherwise terminates;
Step S22, judging whether the first current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports is 0, if so, then enters step S23, otherwise enters step 25;
Step S23, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, enters step S24, otherwise enters step S25
Step S24, is set to malfunction by the state of the first current sensor, and terminates;
Step S25, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the first current sensor, and terminates;
Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the second current sensor normally works, and wherein, in step 6, judges whether the second current sensor normally works, and S30 is to step S39 as follows:
Step S30, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time (the preferred 5min of the present embodiment) for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S31, otherwise enters step S37;
Step S31, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S33, otherwise enters step S32;
Step S32, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S39; Otherwise enter step S37;
Step S33, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S34;
Step S34, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time (the preferred 30s of the present embodiment) for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S35, otherwise, enter step S36;
Step S35, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S38; Otherwise enter step S36;
Step S36, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S37;
Step S37, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates;
Step S38, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S39;
Step S39, is set to malfunction by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates;
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet judging whether the 3rd current sensor normally works; Wherein, in step 6, judge whether the 3rd current sensor normally works, S41 is to the step S49: the three abnormality of current sensor deterministic process as follows, as following steps realize:
Step S41, judging to be used for the current signal Iload of sample battery by the 3rd current sensor, whether to continue for some time (the preferred 5min of the present embodiment) be 0, if so, then enters step S42, otherwise enter step S47;
Step S42, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S44, otherwise enters step S43;
Step S43, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S49; Otherwise enter step S47;
Step S44, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S44;
Step S45, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S48; Otherwise enter step S46;
Step S46, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S47;
Step S47, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates;
Step S48, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S49;
Step S49, is set to malfunction by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates;
Refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the photovoltaic charger theory diagram that the present invention adopts said method, the input of the photovoltaic charger 1 of this photovoltaic charger usually with MPPT function is connected to photovoltaic polar plate 0, the output of described photovoltaic charger 1 is connected to storage battery 2 and DC load 3 respectively, described photovoltaic charger 1 comprises DC/DC buck converter 11, PWM drive circuit 12, DSP processing unit 13, warning circuit 14, wherein DC/DC buck converter 11 plays a part power conversion, conversion efficiency is (also claiming the efficiency of photovoltaic charger), PWM drive circuit 12 connects DC/DC buck converter 11 and DSP processing unit 13, DSP processing unit 13 gathers photovoltaic voltage Vpv and photovoltaic electric current Ipv carries out maximal input tracking (MPPT) algorithm, improves photovoltaic polar plate utilance as much as possible, DSP processing unit 13 gathers battery tension Vbat and battery current Ibat, carries out battery charging and discharging management, prevent battery overvoltage, under-voltage, overcharge, cross put, DSP processing unit 13 gathers load current Iload, carries out the functions such as output overcurrent alarm or overcurrent protection.
Photovoltaic charger 1 also comprises by the first current sampling circuit 101, second current sampling circuit 102, the 3rd current sampling circuit 103, first voltage sampling circuit 104, second voltage sampling circuit 105;
The first described current sampling circuit 101 is made up of the first current sensor and the first sample circuit, for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports, the i.e. current signal of photovoltaic charger input, the current signal of the first current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit 13 by the first described sample circuit;
The second described current sampling circuit 102 is made up of the second current sensor and the second sample circuit, for sample battery current signal Ibat, comprise current value and the sense of current, the current value of the current signal of the second current sensor is converted to the knowledge of voltage signal input DSP processing unit 13, DSP processing unit 13 and judges that storage battery is in discharge condition or charged state by the second sample circuit;
The 3rd described current sampling circuit 103 is made up of the 3rd current sensor and the 3rd sample circuit, and for the load current signal Iload that samples, the current signal of the 3rd current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit 13 by the 3rd sample circuit;
The voltage signal Vpv that described first voltage sampling circuit 104 exports for photovoltaic polar plate of sampling, the i.e. voltage signal of photovoltaic charger input, described second voltage sampling circuit 105 is for sample battery voltages signal Vbat, it is worth mentioning that, realized the control of the process and instruction of collection signal by DSP processing unit in the present embodiment, it according to the method described above can when some current sensors break down, other voltage and current parameters are utilized to carry out signal reconstruct, ensure system worked well, make fault warning simultaneously.
Above-listed preferred embodiment; the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method, is characterized in that: realize as follows:
Step 1: voltage signal Vpv, battery tension signal Vbat that the current signal Ipv that the photovoltaic polar plate of monitoring acquisition in real time exports, battery current signal Ibat, load current signal Iload, photovoltaic polar plate export; Wherein Ipv is by the first current sensor collection, and Ibat is by the second current sensor collection, and Iload is by the 3rd current sensor collection;
Step 2: the power output Ppv=Vpv × Ipv calculating photovoltaic polar plate, the i.e. input power of photovoltaic charger, utilize the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic polar plate to calculate the equivalent output powers Pout1=Ppv × η=Vpv × Ipv × η of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger;
Step 3: utilize battery current signal Ibat, judge that storage battery is in charged state, or discharge condition, if storage battery is in charged state, enter step 4, if storage battery is in discharge condition, enter step 5;
Step 4: utilize the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload+Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Ibat+Iload of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 5; The output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate power output Pout=Vbat × (Iload-Ibat) of photovoltaic charger, the output voltage current parameters of photovoltaic charger I/O efficiency relation and photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the equivalent output current value Iout1=Pout1/Vbat of photovoltaic charger, i.e. Iout1=Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat, the output parameter of photovoltaic charger is utilized to calculate the output current value Iout=Iload-Ibat of photovoltaic charger, wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger, enters step 6;
Step 6: judge whether first, second and third current sensor normally works;
Step 7: when the first to the 3rd current sensor all normally works, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking, detection battery current is Ibat, and detection load current is Iload;
When the first current sensor faults, the second current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Pout of photovoltaic charger carries out peak power output tracking, detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and detection load current value is Iload;
When the second current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the 3rd current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detection load current value is Iload; Adjusting storage battery flow valuve is | Iout1-Iload|, i.e. Ibat=|Vpv × Ipv × η/Vbat-Iload|;
When the 3rd current sensor faults, the first current sensor and the second current sensor normally work, then utilize disturbance observation, by the disturbance of the voltage Vpv to photovoltaic polar plate, the changing value observing the power output Ppv of photovoltaic polar plate carries out maximal input tracking; Detecting storage battery flow valuve is Ibat, and when storage battery is charged state, adjustment load current is Iout1-Ibat, and when storage battery is discharge condition, adjustment load current is Iout1+Ibat;
When the first to the 3rd current sensor occur two abnormal time, then produce an alarm signal;
Wherein η is the efficiency of photovoltaic charger.
2. a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 6, judges whether the first current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S21, if photovoltaic input voltage Vpv > is k × Vbat, wherein k > 1, Vbat is battery tension, enters step S22, otherwise terminates;
Step S22, judging whether the first current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports is 0, if so, then enters step S23, otherwise the state of the first current sensor is set to normal operating conditions;
Step S23, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, the state of the first current sensor is set to malfunction, otherwise the state of the first current sensor is set to normal operating conditions.
3. a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 6, judges whether the second current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S30, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S31, otherwise enters step S37;
Step S31, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S33, otherwise enters step S32;
Step S32, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S39; Otherwise enter step S37;
Step S33, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S34;
Step S34, judging whether the second current sensor continues for some time for the current signal Ibat of sample battery is 0, if so, then enters step S35, otherwise, enter step S36;
Step S35, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S38; Otherwise enter step S36;
Step S36, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S37;
Step S37, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates;
Step S38, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S39;
Step S39, is set to malfunction by the state of the second current sensor, and terminates.
4. a kind of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step 6, judge whether the 3rd current sensor normally works, and comprises the steps:
Step S41, judging that the 3rd current sensor is used for whether the current signal Iload of sample battery continue for some time is 0, if so, then enters step S42, otherwise enters step S47;
Step S42, judges whether the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, if the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger is opened, then enters step S44, otherwise enters step S43;
Step S43, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S49; Otherwise enter step S47;
Step S44, closes the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S44;
Step S45, judges whether battery tension Vbat can continue to reduce, if battery tension Vbat continues to reduce, then enters step S48; Otherwise enter step S46;
Step S46, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S47;
Step S47, is set to normal operating conditions by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates;
Step S48, opens the PWM drive singal of photovoltaic charger, enters step S49;
Step S49, is set to malfunction by the state of the 3rd current sensor, and terminates.
5. one kind adopts the photovoltaic charger of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method as claimed in claim 1, its output is connected to storage battery and DC load respectively, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic charger comprise DC/DC buck converter, PWM drive circuit, DSP processing unit, warning circuit, the first current sampling circuit, the second current sampling circuit, by the 3rd current sampling circuit, the first voltage sampling circuit and the second voltage sampling circuit; Wherein DC/DC buck converter plays a part power conversion, and PWM drive circuit connects DC/DC buck converter and DSP processing unit;
The first described current sampling circuit is made up of the first current sensor and the first sample circuit, for the current signal Ipv that photovoltaic polar plate of sampling exports, the i.e. current signal of photovoltaic charger input, the current signal of the first current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the first described sample circuit;
The second described current sampling circuit is made up of the second current sensor and the second sample circuit, for sample battery current signal Ibat, comprises current value and the sense of current; The current value of the current signal of the second current sensor is converted to voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the second sample circuit, and DSP processing unit judges that storage battery is in discharge condition or charged state;
The 3rd described current sampling circuit is made up of the 3rd current sensor and the 3rd sample circuit, and for the load current signal Iload that samples, the current signal of the 3rd current sensor is changed into voltage signal input DSP processing unit by the 3rd sample circuit;
The voltage signal Vpv that described first voltage sampling circuit exports for photovoltaic polar plate of sampling, i.e. the voltage signal of photovoltaic charger input, described second voltage sampling circuit is used for sample battery voltages signal Vbat.
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| US6433522B1 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2002-08-13 | The Aerospace Corporation | Fault tolerant maximum power tracking solar power system |
| CN101953017A (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2011-01-19 | 美商源捷有限公司 | An intelligent fault-tolerant battery management system |
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