A kind of high-density is without magnetic balance piece and method for preparing powder metallurgy and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technology, particularly a kind of high-density is without magnetic balance piece and method for preparing powder metallurgy and application.
Background technology
Counterbalance weight effect in compressor is great, and it has maintained the plateau of bent axle in the time of high speed rotating.The each position of object quality itself is variant, under static and low speed rotation, and the inhomogeneous stability that will affect object rotation of quality, rotating speed is higher, and vibrations will be larger, and counterbalance weight has been protected the smooth running of motor.At present, when some balance weight for crankshafts forge or cast, be connected with bent axle.What have is screwed on bent axle with bolt, in the time that installing space is inadequate, adopts bolted mode more.In use, can not there is magnetization or the action of a magnetic field in counterbalance weight, must keep the nonmagnetic of material under the environment of exchange current.
Counterbalance weight material in compressor generally has copper, zinc and nonmagnetic steel etc., because the price of copper and zinc constantly rises, nonmagnetic steel is the focus of applying at present.Because the size of motor constantly diminishes, the size of counterbalance weight is also reducing, this size to material has proposed new requirement, generally the homogeneity of the nonmagnetic steel product material of precision casting production is not good, surface quality of continuous castings is poor and production efficiency is low, is difficult to meet the Production requirement of low-cost and pollution-less in enormous quantities.Carried out research to a certain degree for compressor without magnetic balance piece both at home and abroad, wherein, although mono-kind of patent of invention ZL102517520A-utilizes the method for powder metallurgy to make without magnetic compression machine motor balancing block, the composition of material is too complicated, and alloy constituent element is many; Patent of invention ZL102528040A-compressor balance piece powder metallurgy process for making, although be also to utilize the method for powder metallurgy to make, but alloying element or carbon content are too high, be difficult to adopt traditional drawing method to obtain high density and entirely fine and close, particularly up to 7.6~7.8g/cm
3density.Although described two kinds of nonmagnetic steel counterbalance weights above utilize the method for powder metallurgy to make, but still have some shortcomings.For this reason, developing a kind of high-density is necessary without the method for preparing powder metallurgy of magnetic balance piece.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide the method for preparing powder metallurgy of a kind of high-density without magnetic balance piece.
Another object of the present invention is to provide high-density prepared by aforesaid method without magnetic balance piece.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide above-specified high density application in compressor without magnetic balance piece.
Object of the present invention realizes by following proposal:
High-density is without a method for preparing powder metallurgy for magnetic balance piece, by Fe-Mn-C prealloy and WC are realized through high velocity compacted, high temperature sintering.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
Fe-Mn-C prealloy is mixed with WC, and mechanical ball milling mixes, and through high-speed pressing and forming, high temperature sintering, obtains high-density without magnetic balance piece.
Preferably, in described Fe-Mn-C prealloy, the content of Mn is that the content of 12~16wt%, C is 0.1~0.5wt%, and surplus is Fe.
The mass ratio of Fe-Mn-C prealloy used and WC is 92:8~97:3.
Described high velocity compacted (HVC) refers to that in speed be press forming under 3.0~8.0m/s.
Preferably, described high temperature sintering refers to 1120~1250 ℃ of sintering 1 hour.
Described WC is preferably the powder of granularity 5~20 μ m.
Preferably, the granularity of described Fe-Mn-C prealloy is less than 147 μ m, and powder flowbility is 25~30s/50g.
Described Fe-Mn-C prealloy is obtained through pre-alloyed by Fe, Mn, C.
The described pre-alloyed conventional N that adopts
2the method preparation of gas aerosolization.
Preferably, described pre-alloyedly specifically comprise the following steps: by Mn, C, the melting under vacuum condition of Fe powder, adopt N
2gas aerosolization prepares Fe-Mn-C prealloy.
Preferably, before described high velocity compacted, add lithium stearate lubricant and again mix.
The amount of lithium stearate lubricant used is 0.3~0.5% of Fe-Mn-C prealloy and WC total mass.
Described again mix to be preferably in V-type mixer mix 30~90min.
Preferably, described ball milling evenly refers to utilize mechanical ball milling 20~60min to even.
Preferably, described high temperature sintering carries out under cracked ammonium protection atmosphere.
The described high-density preparing can be carried out the aftertreatments such as deburring without magnetic balance piece.
The high-density that aforesaid method prepares can be up to 7.6~7.8g/cm without the density of magnetic balance piece
3, be applicable in compressor.
Mechanism of the present invention is:
The present invention is by utilizing WC to strengthen Fe-Mn-C, and high-speed pressing and forming technology solves the poor problem of compressibility after enhanced granule adds, obtain that density is high, the alloy material of excellent performance, under the prerequisite of less component, realize high-performance, gained without magnetic balance piece density up to 7.6~7.8g/cm
3.
The present invention, with respect to prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) the Fe-Mn-C powder metallurgy that high-density of the present invention is strengthened by WC without magnetic balance piece prepares, and has the excellent specific properties such as density is high, excellent performance, shaping is fast, production efficiency is high.
(2) preparation method of the present invention adopts high velocity compacted (HVC) forming technique effectively to solve the poor problem of compressibility after enhanced granule WC adds, and obtains 7.6~7.8g/cm
3high-density.
(3) preparation method's technique of the present invention is simple, flow process is short, near-net-shape, cost is low, practicality good, has good suitability for industrialized production prospect.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1: compressor is the preparation without magnetic balance piece by high-density
Fe, Mn, C powder are mixed in proportion to melting under vacuum, after melting through conventional N
2the oval powder of pre-alloyed Fe-16Mn-0.1C is made in aerosolization, and powder size is less than 147 μ m, and powder flowbility is 25s/50g.Wherein, Fe-16Mn-0.1C refers to that in prealloy, manganese content is 16wt%, and carbon content is 0.1wt%, and remainder is iron.
The WC powder that by granularity is 5~20 μ m is mixed with Fe-16Mn-0.1C powder, and the mass ratio of Fe-16Mn-0.1C and WC is 94:6, and through mechanical ball milling mixing 30min.Adding massfraction is the lithium stearate lubricant of 0.3wt% again, and mixes 90min in V-type mixer.After powder mixes, mixed powder is adopted to the high-speed pressing and forming of 3.0m/s, obtaining density is 7.59g/cm
3pressed compact.By counterbalance weight pressed compact under cracked ammonium protective atmosphere through meshbeltfurnace, wherein, 1120 ℃ of section sintering 1 hour, obtaining density is 7.61g/cm
3high-density without magnetic balance piece.Finally, carry out deburring processing and obtain final finished.
Embodiment 2: compressor is the preparation without magnetic balance piece by high-density
Fe, Mn, C powder are mixed in proportion to melting under vacuum, after melting through N
2the oval powder of pre-alloyed Fe-12Mn-0.5C is made in aerosolization, and powder size is less than 147 μ m, and powder flowbility is 30s/50g.Wherein, Fe-12Mn-0.5C refers to that manganese content is 12wt%, and carbon content is 0.5wt%, and remainder is iron.
The WC powder that by granularity is 5~20 μ m is mixed with Fe-12Mn-0.5C powder, and the mass ratio of Fe-12Mn-0.5C and WC is 97:3, and through mechanical ball milling mixing 30min.Adding massfraction is the lithium stearate lubricant of 0.4wt% again, and mixes 90min in V-type mixer.After powder mixes, mixed powder is adopted to the high-speed pressing and forming of 8.0m/s, obtaining density is 7.77g/cm
3pressed compact.By counterbalance weight pressed compact under cracked ammonium protective atmosphere through meshbeltfurnace, wherein, 1120 ℃ of section sintering 1 hour, obtaining density is 7.80g/cm
3high-density without magnetic balance piece.Finally, carry out deburring processing and obtain final finished.
Embodiment 3: compressor is the preparation without magnetic balance piece by high-density
Fe, Mn, C powder are mixed in proportion to melting under vacuum, after melting through N
2the oval powder of pre-alloyed Fe-14Mn-0.3C is made in aerosolization, and powder size is less than 147 μ m, and powder flowbility is 28s/50g.Wherein, Fe-14Mn-0.3C refers to that manganese content is 14wt%, and carbon content is 0.3wt%, and remainder is iron.
The WC powder that by granularity is 5~20 μ m is mixed with Fe-14Mn-0.3C powder, and the mass ratio of Fe-14Mn-0.3C and WC is 92:8, and through mechanical ball milling mixing 30min.Adding massfraction is the lithium stearate lubricant of 0.5wt% again, and mixes 90min in V-type mixer.After powder mixes, mixed powder is adopted to the high-speed pressing and forming of 6.0m/s, obtaining density is 7.75g/cm
3pressed compact.By counterbalance weight pressed compact under cracked ammonium protective atmosphere through meshbeltfurnace, wherein 1250 ℃ of section sintering 1 hour, obtaining density is 7.79g/cm
3high-density without magnetic balance piece.Finally, carry out deburring processing and obtain final finished.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.