CN103809125B - The residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery and system - Google Patents
The residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery and system Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides residue loading capacity method of estimation and the system of a kind of lithium ion battery, wherein method comprises the following steps: put the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point to the electric current in the 2nd time point in the very first time, to obtain the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to the first voltage, the 2nd voltage, very first time point, the 2nd time point and electric current; According to the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, the invariance curve of the voltage change rate that comparison is preset and residue loading capacity obtains the residue electricity under current state. Method according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of battery management, in particular to residue loading capacity method of estimation and the system of a kind of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Electromobile, compared with tradition fuel-engined vehicle, has very big advantage in economy and environmental protection, has good development prospect. Owing to the continual mileage of electromobile is shorter, and continual mileage be not easy estimate, in routine use, therefore easily cause the mileage anxiety of user. The continual mileage of electromobile depends on the residue discharge energy of power cell and the energy expenditure of whole car. Wherein the residue discharge energy of battery is by the impact of following electric discharge average voltage and remaining battery loading capacity. Owing to the discharge voltage profile of lithium ion battery is comparatively mild, following electric discharge average voltage is more fixing, and the estimated accuracy therefore remaining discharge energy depends on the estimation of battery remaining power.
The loading capacity of power cell referred to from a certain moment until battery terminal voltage reaches battery in the process of discharge cut-off voltage adds up the quantity of electric charge released. Owing to currently cannot know the electric discharge cut-off moment that battery is final, residue loading capacity can only be predicted by the mode of estimated battery state. The influence factor of remaining battery loading capacity is a lot, such as battery temperature, cell decay degree, series of cells discordance etc. The energy that battery provides all can be had an impact by these factors, and then affects the continual mileage of electromobile.
The method of calculation of more existing electric automobile power battery residue loading capacity at present, mainly based on the relation of battery model and battery open circuit voltage OCV and state-of-charge SOC. Such as, the open circuit voltage calculated in discharge process by battery model estimates surplus capacity. But discharging current change is violent in real turner condition, battery model can not ensure to provide open circuit voltage estimated value accurately in all cases, therefore can bring the evaluated error of surplus capacity. Also have some estimation modes to be calculate battery discharge electricity by accumulation and estimate current SOC, and then calculate residue loading capacity. Due to the current measurement errors in real-time system and integral and calculating error, when carrying out integral and calculating for a long time, bigger progressive error can be brought.
In addition, aforesaid method all needs to calculate state-of-charge SOC corresponding to battery discharge terminalend, and SOCendHave a greater change when discharging current is different, it is very difficult to accurately predict. Therefore above method not easily keeps estimated accuracy when curent change is bigger. Rating test under different operating mode can improve the estimated accuracy of method, but corresponding demarcation amount can be very big.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is intended at least solve one of above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For this reason, one aspect of the present invention provides the residue loading capacity method of estimation of a kind of lithium ion battery.
The another aspect of the present invention proposes the residue loading capacity estimating system of a kind of lithium ion battery.
In view of this, the embodiment of one aspect of the present invention proposes the residue loading capacity method of estimation of a kind of lithium ion battery, comprise the following steps: the voltage change rate of time period obtains step, the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point is put to the electric current in the 2nd time point, to obtain the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to described first voltage, described 2nd voltage, point of the described very first time, described 2nd time point and described electric current in the very first time; And remaining capacity estimation step, according to the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point and, the invariance curve that comparison is preset obtains the residue electricity under current state; Wherein said invariance curve is obtained by following step: measuring process, and voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state is preset at interval, and obtains whole discharge time; Voltage change rate obtains step, according to voltage, described electric current and the described voltage change rate obtaining each preset time period whole discharge time that each preset time period detects; Invariance curve obtains step, electric current according to each preset time period described and obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described described whole discharge time, and carry out associating to obtain invariance curve with corresponding voltage change rate by described residue electricity.
Method according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
In one embodiment of the invention, described voltage change rate acquisition step specifically comprises: the discharge capacity obtaining each preset time period described according to the time opening of each preset time period described, end time and described electric current; The voltage of time opening of each preset time period described and the voltage of end time are carried out mathematic interpolation and obtains voltage difference; And the voltage change rate of each preset time period described is obtained according to the voltage difference of each preset time period described and the discharge capacity of correspondence.
In one embodiment of the invention, described invariance curve acquisition step specifically comprises: obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described respectively according to the electric current of each preset time period described and described whole discharge time; And respectively the residue electricity at the end of each time period described is associated one to one with corresponding voltage change rate, to obtain described invariance curve.
In one embodiment of the invention, the voltage change rate acquisition step of described time period specifically comprises: put the electric current in the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the point to described 2nd time point of the described very first time obtaining described lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point in the very first time respectively; The discharge capacity of point of the described very first time to described 2nd time point is obtained according to institute's very first time point, described 2nd time point and described electric current; Described first voltage and the 2nd voltage are carried out difference, and the ratio calculating voltage difference and the described discharge capacity obtained obtains the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the voltage change rate of each preset time period described is by following formulation, and described formula is, dU ,/dQ ,=�� U,t/��Q,cum, wherein, dU ,/dQ, represent the voltage change rate of each preset time period described, �� U,tFor the voltage difference of each preset time period described, �� Q,cumFor the discharge capacity of each preset time period described.
In one embodiment of the invention, the described very first time o'clock passes through following formulation to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, and described formula is, dU/dQ=�� Ut/��Qcum, wherein, dU/dQ represents that the described very first time o'clock is to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, �� UtFor the described very first time o'clock is to the voltage difference in the 2nd time point, �� QcumFor the described very first time o'clock is to the discharge capacity in the 2nd time point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described is obtained by following formula, and described formula is, �� Qremain=�� I, * t, wherein, �� QremainFor the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described, I is the electric current of each preset time period described, t, is each default time described to described whole discharge time.
The present invention's embodiment on the other hand proposes the residue loading capacity estimating system of a kind of lithium ion battery, comprise: measure module, voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state is preset at interval, and obtains whole discharge time; Voltage change rate obtains module, according to voltage, described electric current and the described voltage change rate obtaining each preset time period whole discharge time that each preset time period detects; Invariance curve obtains module, electric current according to each preset time period described and obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described described whole discharge time, and undertaken associating to obtain invariance curve by described residue electricity and corresponding voltage variety; The voltage change rate of time period obtains module, the first voltage of described lithium ion battery, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock is obtained to the electric current in the 2nd time point, to obtain the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to described first voltage, described 2nd voltage, point of the described very first time, described 2nd time point and described electric current in the very first time and the 2nd time; And remaining capacity estimation module, the residue electricity under current state is obtained according to the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point and described invariance curve.
System according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
In one embodiment of the invention, described voltage change rate obtains module and specifically comprises: the first discharge capacity obtaining unit, obtains the discharge capacity of each preset time period described for the time opening according to each preset time period described, end time and described electric current; Calculating unit, voltage and the voltage of end time for the time opening to each preset time period described carry out mathematic interpolation acquisition voltage difference; And the first voltage change rate obtaining unit, the voltage change rate of each preset time period described is obtained for the voltage difference according to each preset time period described and corresponding discharge capacity.
In one embodiment of the invention, the voltage change rate of described time period obtains module and specifically comprises: electric current and voltage obtaining unit, puts the electric current in the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the point to described 2nd time point of the described very first time obtaining described lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point in the very first time respectively; 2nd discharge capacity obtaining unit, for obtaining the discharge capacity of point of the described very first time to described 2nd time point according to institute's very first time point, described 2nd time point and described electric current; 2nd voltage change rate obtaining unit, for described first voltage and the 2nd voltage are carried out difference, the ratio calculating voltage difference and the described discharge capacity obtained obtains the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments obviously with it should be readily understood that wherein,
Fig. 1 is the schema of the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the product process figure of invariance curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is voltage and the graph of a relation remaining loading capacity in discharge process of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is cell voltage under different discharging current according to embodiments of the present invention and the schematic diagram remaining the similarity of loading capacity;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the relation of voltage change rate according to embodiments of the present invention and residue loading capacity; And
Fig. 6 is the structure block diagram of the residue loading capacity estimating system of lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Being described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish. It is exemplary below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the present invention, and limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", it is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation that the orientation of the instruction such as " outward " or position are closed, it is only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device referred to or element must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as. in addition, term " first ", " the 2nd " are only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, such as, it is possible to be fixedly connected with, it is also possible to be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, it is also possible to be indirectly connected by intermediary, it is possible to be the connection of two element internals. For the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to particular case understands above-mentioned term concrete implication in the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schema of the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 1, the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention comprises the following steps: put the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point to the electric current in the 2nd time point in the very first time, to obtain the very first time o'clock to voltage change rate (step 101) in the 2nd time point according to the first voltage, the 2nd voltage, very first time point, the 2nd time point and electric current. According to the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point and, the invariance curve that comparison is preset obtains residue electricity (step 103) under current state.
Method according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
In a step 101, the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point is put to the electric current in the 2nd time point in the very first time respectively. The discharge capacity of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point is obtained according to institute's very first time point, the 2nd time point and electric current. First voltage and the 2nd voltage are carried out difference, and the ratio calculating voltage difference and the discharge capacity obtained obtains the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the very first time o'clock passes through following formulation to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, and formula is, dU/dQ=�� Ut/��Qcum, wherein, dU/dQ represents that the very first time o'clock is to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, �� UtFor the very first time o'clock is to the voltage difference in the 2nd time point, �� QcumFor the very first time o'clock is to the discharge capacity in the 2nd time point.
Fig. 2 is the product process figure of invariance curve according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 2, the generation of invariance curve comprises the following steps: voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state is preset at interval, and obtains whole discharge time (step 201). The voltage that detects according to each preset time period, electric current and obtain voltage change rate (step 203) of each preset time period whole discharge time. Electric current according to each preset time period and obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period whole discharge time, and carry out associating to obtain invariance curve (step 205) with corresponding voltage change rate by residue electricity.
In step 201 and step 203, obtain the discharge capacity of each preset time period according to the time opening of each preset time period, end time and electric current. The voltage of time opening of each preset time period and the voltage of end time are carried out mathematic interpolation and obtains voltage difference. Voltage difference according to each preset time period and corresponding discharge capacity obtain the voltage change rate of each preset time period.
In one embodiment of the invention, the voltage change rate of each preset time period is by following formulation, and formula is, dU ,/dQ ,=�� U,t/��Q,cum, wherein, dU ,/dQ, represent the voltage change rate of each preset time period, �� U,tFor the voltage difference of each preset time period, �� Q,cumFor the discharge capacity of each preset time period.
In step 205, according to the electric current of each preset time period with obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period whole discharge time respectively. Respectively the residue electricity at the end of each time period is associated one to one with corresponding voltage change rate, to obtain invariance curve.
In one embodiment of the invention, the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period is obtained by following formula, and formula is, �� Qremain=�� I, * t, wherein, �� QremainFor the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period, I is the electric current of each preset time period, t, is each default time to whole discharge time.
In one embodiment of the invention, to discharge under standard discharging current, until battery terminal voltage reaches discharge cut-off voltage from full power state. By the unit accumulated discharge electricity �� Q of each preset time period of discharge process,cum, and the cell voltage difference �� U that the start/stop time of each preset time period is corresponding,t, calculate the cell voltage velocity of variation dU of each preset time period ,/dQ, i.e. dU ,/dQ ,=�� U,t/��Q,cum. When calculating the residue loading capacity of each preset time period, from battery discharge ends the moment, carry out electricity reverse integral, obtain the remaining battery loading capacity Q that certain preset time period is correspondingremain. The voltage change rate dU demarcated with this ,/dQ, with residue loading capacity QremainRelation as the basis estimating battery remaining power in real time application.
In one embodiment of the invention, at the very first time point t of less time period1(start time) and the 2nd time point t2(terminating the moment) upper accumulated discharge capacity �� Q calculating lithium cellcum=�� I*t. First voltage Ut1With the 2nd voltage Ut2Voltage difference delta Ut=Ut1-Ut2. Thus obtain voltage change rate dU/dQ=�� U corresponding to this time periodt/��Qcum. In discharge process, calculate current voltage change rate dU/dQ in real time, and detect its numerical value change.
By the voltage change rate dU/dQ calculated in real time and the corresponding relation (dU/dQ-Q demarcating the voltage change rate-residue loading capacity obtainedremain) contrast, determine, by lookup table mode, the residue loading capacity Q that battery is currentremain��
Fig. 3 is voltage and the graph of a relation remaining loading capacity in discharge process of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the residue loading capacity of full power state is designated as Qremain,full, battery discharge stopping potential is Ut,end. Along with the voltage of discharge battery reduces gradually, residue loading capacity reduces gradually. In the electric discharge just section of lithium ion battery, voltage decline is comparatively slow, and the voltage change that therefore unit electric quantity change is corresponding is less. In battery discharge end section, voltage decline is very rapid, and just section is big than electric discharge for voltage change corresponding to unit electric quantity change. Therefore can be determined the discharge condition of lithium ion battery by the voltage change dU/dQ that detection unit accumulation electricity is corresponding, and determine residue loading capacity. Owing to lithium ion battery has electric discharge end section voltage rapid decrease, therefore this method is applicable to different types of lithium ion battery.
Fig. 4 is cell voltage under different discharging current according to embodiments of the present invention and the schematic diagram remaining the similarity of loading capacity. As shown in Figure 4, there is similar corresponding relation with residue loading capacity in battery terminal voltage under different discharging current, and this rule is mainly present in the last section of lithium-ion electric tank discharge. Assume three groups of different discharging current I1��I2And I3, wherein I1It is less than I2, I2It is less than I3, the discharge curve under three groups of electric currents is as shown in Figure 4. In Fig. 4, the residue loading capacity of full power state is designated as Qremain,full, battery discharge stopping potential is Ut,end. Wherein in electric discharge end section, at the A that discharge curve voltage change rate is identical1��A2And A3Point, the residue loading capacity Q of batteryremain,1��Qremain,2And Qremain,3It is more or less the same. Therefore, under different discharging currents, the residue loading capacity Q of battery can just be estimated by detecting current voltage change rate dU/dQremain��
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the relation of voltage change rate according to embodiments of the present invention and residue loading capacity. As shown in Figure 5, along with the carrying out of discharge process, the voltage change rate dU/dQ of battery increases gradually, corresponding residue loading capacity QremainReduce gradually. Battery discharge terminates, namely remain loading capacity be 0 the voltage change rate of some correspondence be designated as dU/dQend. Assuming that current time is t, the voltage change rate calculated is dU/dQ (t), then can check in corresponding residue loading capacity by the relation curve of voltage change rate and residue loading capacity is Qremain(t)��
Method according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
Fig. 6 is the structure block diagram of the residue loading capacity estimating system of lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 6, the residue loading capacity estimating system of lithium ion battery according to embodiments of the present invention comprises: measure module 100, voltage change rate obtains module 300, invariance curve obtains module 500, the voltage change rate of time period obtains module 700 and remaining capacity estimation module 900.
Specifically, measure module 100 interval and preset voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state, and obtain whole discharge time. Voltage change rate obtains voltage, electric current that module 300 detects according to each preset time period and obtains the voltage change rate of each preset time period whole discharge time. Invariance curve obtains module 500 and obtains the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period according to the electric current of each preset time period and whole discharge time, and carries out associating to obtain invariance curve with corresponding voltage variety by residue electricity. The voltage change rate acquisition module 700 of time period obtains the first voltage of lithium ion battery, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock to the electric current in the 2nd time point in the very first time and the 2nd time, to obtain the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to the first voltage, the 2nd voltage, very first time point, the 2nd time point and electric current. Remaining capacity estimation module 900 obtains the residue electricity under current state according to the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point and invariance curve.
In one embodiment of the invention, voltage change rate acquisition module 300 specifically comprises: the first discharge capacity obtaining unit 310, calculating unit 330 and the first voltage change rate obtaining unit 350.
Specifically, the first discharge capacity obtaining unit 310 obtains the discharge capacity of each preset time period for the time opening according to each preset time period, end time and electric current. Calculating unit 330 carries out mathematic interpolation acquisition voltage difference for voltage and the voltage of end time of the time opening to each preset time period. First voltage change rate obtaining unit 350 obtains the voltage change rate of each preset time period for the voltage difference according to each preset time period and corresponding discharge capacity.
In one embodiment of the invention, the voltage change rate acquisition module 700 of time period specifically comprises: electric current and voltage obtaining unit 710, the 2nd discharge capacity obtaining unit 730 and the 2nd voltage change rate obtaining unit 750.
Specifically, electric current and voltage obtaining unit 710 puts the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point to the electric current in the 2nd time point in the very first time respectively. 2nd discharge capacity obtaining unit 730 is for obtaining the discharge capacity of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point according to institute's very first time point, the 2nd time point and electric current. 2nd voltage change rate obtaining unit 750 is for carrying out difference to the first voltage and the 2nd voltage, and the ratio calculating voltage difference and the discharge capacity obtained obtains the very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the 2nd voltage variety obtaining unit 750 passes through following formulation, dU/dQ=�� Ut/��Qcum, wherein, dU/dQ represents that the very first time o'clock is to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, �� UtFor the very first time o'clock is to the voltage difference in the 2nd time point, �� QcumFor the very first time o'clock is to the discharge capacity in the 2nd time point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first voltage change rate obtaining unit 350 obtains the voltage change rate of each preset time period by following formula, and this formula is dU ,/dQ ,=�� U,t/��Q,cum, wherein, dU ,/dQ, represent the voltage change rate of each preset time period, �� U,tFor the voltage difference of each preset time period, �� Q,cumFor the discharge capacity of each preset time period.
In one embodiment of the invention, remaining capacity estimation module 900 obtains this formula of residue electricity at the end of each preset time period by following formula and is, �� Qremain=�� I, * t, wherein, �� QremainFor the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period, I is the electric current of each preset time period, t, is each default time to whole discharge time.
In one embodiment of the invention, to discharge under standard discharging current, until battery terminal voltage reaches discharge cut-off voltage from full power state. By the unit accumulated discharge electricity �� Q of each preset time period of discharge process,cum, and the cell voltage difference �� U that the start/stop time of each preset time period is corresponding,t, calculate the cell voltage velocity of variation dU of each preset time period ,/dQ, i.e. dU ,/dQ ,=�� U,t/��Q,cum. When calculating the residue loading capacity of each preset time period, from battery discharge ends the moment, carry out electricity reverse integral, obtain the remaining battery loading capacity Q that certain preset time period is correspondingremain. The voltage change rate dU demarcated with this ,/dQ, with residue loading capacity QremainRelation as the basis estimating battery remaining power in real time application.
In one embodiment of the invention, at the very first time point t of less time period1(start time) and the 2nd time point t2(terminating the moment) upper accumulated discharge capacity �� Q calculating lithium cellcum=�� I*t. First voltage Ut1With the 2nd voltage Ut2Voltage difference delta Ut=Ut1-Ut2. Thus obtain voltage change rate dU/dQ=�� U corresponding to this time periodt/��Qcum. In discharge process, calculate current voltage change rate dU/dQ in real time, and detect its numerical value change. By the voltage change rate dU/dQ calculated in real time and the corresponding relation (dU/dQ-Q demarcating the voltage change rate-residue loading capacity obtainedremain) contrast, determine, by lookup table mode, the residue loading capacity Q that battery is currentremain��
System according to embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining the voltage change rate of the very first time o'clock to the 2nd time point, and utilize invariance curve to obtain the residue electricity of current state, thereby reduce calculated amount and error, improve the estimated accuracy of residue electricity, simultaneously simple easy to use.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, above-described embodiment can be changed when not departing from principle and the objective of the present invention, revises, replace and modification by the those of ordinary skill of this area within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of a lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
The voltage change rate of time period obtains step, the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock that obtain lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point is put to the electric current in the 2nd time point, to obtain the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to described first voltage, described 2nd voltage, point of the described very first time, described 2nd time point and described electric current in the very first time; And
Remaining capacity estimation step, according to the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, the invariance curve that comparison is preset obtains the residue electricity under current state;
Wherein said invariance curve is obtained by following step:
Measuring process, voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state is preset at interval, and obtains whole discharge time;
Voltage change rate obtains step, according to voltage, described electric current and the described voltage change rate obtaining each preset time period whole discharge time that each preset time period detects;
Invariance curve obtains step, obtains the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described according to the electric current of each preset time period described and described whole discharge time, and carries out associating to obtain invariance curve with corresponding voltage change rate by described residue electricity,
Described voltage change rate obtains step and specifically comprises:
Time opening according to each preset time period described, end time and described electric current obtain the discharge capacity of each preset time period described;
The voltage of time opening of each preset time period described and the voltage of end time are carried out mathematic interpolation and obtains voltage difference; And
Voltage difference according to each preset time period described and corresponding discharge capacity obtain the voltage change rate of each preset time period described.
2. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described invariance curve obtains step and specifically comprises:
Electric current according to each preset time period described and obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described described whole discharge time respectively; And
Respectively the residue electricity at the end of each time period described is associated one to one with corresponding voltage change rate, to obtain described invariance curve.
3. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the voltage change rate of described time period obtains step and specifically comprises:
The electric current in the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the point to described 2nd time point of the described very first time obtaining described lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point is put respectively in the very first time;
The discharge capacity of point of the described very first time to described 2nd time point is obtained according to institute's very first time point, described 2nd time point and described electric current;
Described first voltage and the 2nd voltage are carried out difference, and the ratio calculating voltage difference and the described discharge capacity obtained obtains the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
4. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the voltage change rate of each preset time period described is by following formulation, and described formula is,
DU '/dQ '=�� U 't/��Q��cum,
Wherein, dU '/dQ ' represents the voltage change rate of each preset time period described, �� U 'tFor the voltage difference of each preset time period described, �� Q 'cumFor the discharge capacity of each preset time period described.
5. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that, the described very first time o'clock, described formula was to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point by following formulation,
DU/dQ=�� Ut/��Qcum,
Wherein, dU/dQ represents that the described very first time o'clock is to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point, �� UtFor the described very first time o'clock is to the voltage difference in the 2nd time point, �� QcumFor the described very first time o'clock is to the discharge capacity in the 2nd time point.
6. the residue loading capacity method of estimation of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described is obtained by following formula, and described formula is,
��Qremain=�� I ' * t ',
Wherein, �� QremainFor the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described, I ' is the electric current of each preset time period described, and t ' is each default time described to described whole discharge time.
7. the residue loading capacity estimating system of a lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that, comprising:
Measuring module, voltage and the electric current that time detecting lithium ion battery is discharged to stopping potential process from full power state is preset at interval, and obtains whole discharge time;
Voltage change rate obtains module, according to voltage, described electric current and the described voltage change rate obtaining each preset time period whole discharge time that each preset time period detects;
Invariance curve obtains module, electric current according to each preset time period described and obtain the residue electricity at the end of each preset time period described described whole discharge time, and undertaken associating to obtain invariance curve by described residue electricity and corresponding voltage variety;
The voltage change rate of time period obtains module, the first voltage of described lithium ion battery, the 2nd voltage and the very first time o'clock is obtained to the electric current in the 2nd time point, to obtain the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point according to described first voltage, described 2nd voltage, point of the described very first time, described 2nd time point and described electric current in the very first time and the 2nd time; And
Remaining capacity estimation module, obtains the residue electricity under current state according to the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point and described invariance curve,
Described voltage change rate obtains module and specifically comprises:
First discharge capacity obtaining unit, obtains the discharge capacity of each preset time period described for the time opening according to each preset time period described, end time and described electric current;
Calculating unit, voltage and the voltage of end time for the time opening to each preset time period described carry out mathematic interpolation acquisition voltage difference; And
First voltage change rate obtaining unit, obtains the voltage change rate of each preset time period described for the voltage difference according to each preset time period described and corresponding discharge capacity.
8. the residue loading capacity estimating system of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that, the voltage change rate of described time period obtains module and specifically comprises:
Electric current and voltage obtaining unit, puts the electric current in the first voltage, the 2nd voltage and the point to described 2nd time point of the described very first time obtaining described lithium ion battery with the 2nd time point in the very first time respectively;
2nd discharge capacity obtaining unit, for obtaining the discharge capacity of point of the described very first time to described 2nd time point according to institute's very first time point, described 2nd time point and described electric current;
2nd voltage change rate obtaining unit, for described first voltage and the 2nd voltage are carried out difference, the ratio calculating voltage difference and the described discharge capacity obtained obtains the described very first time o'clock to the voltage change rate in the 2nd time point.
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| CN105005002B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-09 | 清华大学 | The Forecasting Methodology and system of the remaining battery discharge energy calculated based on following voltage |
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| CN108957333B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2021-06-22 | 金卡智能集团股份有限公司 | Lithium battery composite battery life evaluation method for metering instrument |
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