CN103756395A - Nano hybrid particle for anti-reflection coating combination as well as preparation method and purpose of nano hybrid particle - Google Patents
Nano hybrid particle for anti-reflection coating combination as well as preparation method and purpose of nano hybrid particle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nano hybrid particle for an anti-reflection coating combination as well as a preparation method and a purpose of the nano hybrid particle. The preparation method comprises the following steps: compounding polymer and a silicon-containing organic material to form nano particles, binding a monomer containing a siloxane group and a siloxane group in the polymer by virtue of a compounding bond to form an organic-inorganic compounded nano hybrid particle, wherein the polymer is a polymer with the siloxane group, and the inorganic material is a monomer containing the siloxane group. The nano hybrid particle has the advantages that as the organic-inorganic nano hybrid particle is prepared by a method of carrying out hydrolysis reaction on the monomer containing the siloxane group and a siloxane group of the polymer to form the compounding bond, free silicon dioxide is better controlled, and the polymer can adopt a relatively simple multi-stepwise polymerization process and is convenient for industrial production; and in addition, a coating prepared by the nano hybrid particle has good optical property.
Description
Technical field
Field of nanometer technology of the present invention, especially a kind of nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions and its production and use, for forming antireflection coatings on base material.
Background technology
Antireflective principle is that to take fluctuation and the interference of light be basis: two light wave amplitudes of coherent source are identical, wavelength is identical, if the even-multiple that the path difference of two light waves is half wavelength, light wave amplitude stack, if and the odd-multiple that the path difference of two light waves is half wavelength, two light waves are just cancelled out each other.Therefore the rete of reflection reduc(t)ing coating and formation can be for indicating meter, photovoltaic glass, and LED illumination, photo frame, the fields such as greenhouse, to reach reduction reflected light, at utmost utilize the object of light.Traditional antireflective realizes by multicoating technology conventionally, and its plated film material mostly is the higher particle of solid specific refractory power, is therefore difficult to the anti-reflective effect that reaches desirable.
In CN102533040A, reported the reflection reduc(t)ing coating that uses straight polymer to prepare, because the weathering resistance of polymkeric substance is not desirable especially, be therefore difficult to implement on a large scale in industries such as photovoltaic, greenhouses.
At present existing several different methods is prepared inorganic antireflection coatings, and wherein the most representative is the method for hollow-particle, and the overwhelming majority is by template synthesis hollow-particle, at template surface depositing metal oxide, forms shell.In CN1931718A, by template synthesis, make silica deposit on polyelectrolyte surface, then pass through centrifuge washing repeatedly, prepare hollow silicon-dioxide, this method, technique is more loaded down with trivial details, and product output rate is low, and need a large amount of solvents to make it more difficult industrialization.
More satisfactory is that the presoma by silicon-dioxide, silica (or other metal oxide) of describing in CN101512387A deposits on polymkeric substance, take polymkeric substance as core, the core-shell structure nanometer particle that silica/silicon stone is shell thereby prepare.But, owing to cannot controlling silica/silicon stone presoma completely, make on its polymkeric substance that deposits to appointment, in final composition, certainly exist the silicon-dioxide, the silica presoma that there is no deposition, and to not having the amount of the silica/silicon stone presoma of deposition to be difficult to hold, make to produce repeatability poor, to suitability for industrialized production, bring inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
One of technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions, and the form that employing chemical combination bond is closed is by the combination of organic polymer-inorganic materials.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the method for utilizing above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle to prepare anti-reflective coating compositions.
A technical problem more to be solved by this invention is to provide the purposes of above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above taked technical scheme and is to provide a kind of nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions, for the nanoparticle being compounded to form by polymkeric substance and siliceous inorganic materials, wherein, described polymkeric substance is the polymkeric substance with siloxane groups, described inorganic materials is the monomer of silicone-containing group, and the monomer of this silicone-containing group and the siloxane groups in polymkeric substance close and form organic-inorganic composite nano hybrid particle with chemical combination bond.
On the basis of such scheme, described inorganic materials accounts for 30~80% of nano-hybrid particle total mass.
On the basis of such scheme, the siloxane groups in described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl triethoxyl silane, methacryloxypropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane, 3-isocyanate group propyl-triethoxysilicane, vinyl three ('beta '-methoxy oxyethyl group) silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
Siloxane groups in described polymkeric substance is better is selected from a kind of in vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 3-isocyanic ester propyl group diethoxy silane, vinyl three ('beta '-methoxy oxyethyl group) silane, aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
On the basis of such scheme, the monomer of described silicone-containing group is one or more the combination in tetramethoxy-silicane (or claim methyl silicate TMOS), tetraethoxysilane (or claiming tetraethoxy TEOS), Union carbide A-162.
The preferred tetraethoxysilane of monomer (TEOS) of silicone-containing group and/or tetramethoxy-silicane (TMOS).
On the basis of such scheme, described polymkeric substance is except siloxane groups, some or all of is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polymethyl acrylic acid N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (PDMAEMA), butyl polyacrylate (PBA), urethane (PU), polyoxyethylene (PEO), the homopolymer of polyoxytrimethylene (PPOX), sodium polyacrylate (PAS), polytetramethylene ether diol (PTMEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), polyvinyl pyridine, polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG), or two kinds and above segmented copolymer.
For the present invention, the polymkeric substance that contains siloxane groups can directly be buied through commercial channel, also can adopt the method for having commercially produced to be prepared, certainly also not get rid of and adopt other any methods to be prepared, only need to obtain the polymkeric substance that contains siloxane groups.For molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of these polymkeric substance, with the criterion of commercial goods, be all acceptable, there is no particular requirement.And the ratio of siloxane groups in polymkeric substance do not have particular requirement yet.
On the basis of such scheme, described polymkeric substance, except siloxane groups, is diblock copolymer.
Preferably, described diblock copolymer can be polymethylmethacrylate (can be also butyl polyacrylate or other polyacrylate(s)s) and polymethyl acrylic acid N, the segmented copolymer of N-dimethylaminoethyl can be also the segmented copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxytrimethylene.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above another taked technical scheme and is to provide the method for utilizing above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle to prepare anti-reflective coating compositions, comprises the steps:
Step 1: preparation comprises the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups;
Step 2: add the monomer that contains siloxane groups, fully reaction, makes nano-hybrid particle;
Step 3: add thinner, pH adjusting agent, makes anti-reflective coating compositions,
Wherein, in the monomer that contains siloxane groups adding and polymkeric substance, the mol ratio of siloxane groups is (20~60): 1.
In the monomer that contains siloxane groups adding and polymkeric substance, the mol ratio of siloxane groups is preferably (30~50): 1.
By existing high molecular polymerization method, prepare the polymkeric substance that contains siloxane groups, this polymkeric substance can be the micella being formed by letex polymerization, also can in specific solvent, form the nanoparticle of self-assembly, adding the monomer that contains siloxane groups, as tetraethoxy TEOS or methyl silicate TMOS react, make it with polymkeric substance on siloxane groups generation chemical bonding, thereby obtain a kind of inorganic-organic hybridization nano particle.
It should be noted that; thereby the invention reside in siloxane groups generation chemical reaction in the monomer that contains siloxane groups and polymkeric substance and form nano-hybrid particle; for ratio between the two, there is no particular requirement, as long as can there is chemical bonding between the two, all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Although comprising the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups, preparation may need to take repeatedly the means of progressively polymerization, generally just progressively reinforced, fairly simple comparatively speaking, and be extremely convenient to industrial production.Simultaneously, due to the monomer that contains siloxane groups (silicon-dioxide presoma) thus form chemical combination key with the siloxane groups generation hydrolysis reaction of polymkeric substance, make free silicon-dioxide controlled, therefore be different from simple dependence physical deposition and easily cause silicon-dioxide that free existing method occurs, and the good uniformity of final product, is more conducive to prepare well and the anti-reflective coating compositions of batch good stability.
For the segmented copolymer that comprises siloxane groups obtaining, can be because adopting letex polymerization to form micella, can, by becoming the self-assembled nanometer particle of nucleocapsid structure adding of mixed solvent, not hinder with the monomer of silicone-containing group and close formation nano-hybrid particle with chemical combination bond yet.
For step 2, fully reaction is under agitation carried out, its reaction times there is no particular restriction, makes according to demand silicon-dioxide presoma fully or partly react with the siloxane groups on polymkeric substance, and the wall thickness of visual required polymer nano-particle size and/or inorganic materials determines the reaction times.Generally, temperature of reaction is normal temperature, and the time of reacting on is 1~48 hour, is preferably 12~36 hours.
On the basis of such scheme, the add-on of described thinner is to make the solid content of nano-hybrid particle 2~4%.
Described thinner there is no particular restriction, can be one or more the combination in water, ethanol, Virahol, ethyl cellulose (ethylcellosolve), methyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butanols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, methyl ethyl ether, methyl butyl ether, toluene, ethyl methyl ketone.And be not limited to above-mentioned listed.
There is no particular restriction for described pH adjusting agent, can be one or more the combination in acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, ammoniacal liquor.And be not limited to above-mentioned listed.The regulation range of pH value is determined according to the character of coating composition, can be from acidity to weakly alkaline.
Preparation also can optionally add during nano-hybrid particle of the present invention any under technical field technician additive known, for example but do not limit tetrabutyl titanate, the stiffening agents such as alumina precursor, stiffening agent promotor etc.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above a taked technical scheme again and is to provide the purposes of above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle in anti-reflective coating compositions, described anti-reflection coating composition comprises nano-hybrid particle, and the solid content of nano-hybrid particle in coating composition is not more than 8%, the particle diameter of nano-hybrid particle is 40~150 nm.
The solid content of nano-hybrid particle in coating composition is preferably 1~4%.
The particle diameter of nano-hybrid particle is preferably 80~120 nm.
On the basis of such scheme, described coating composition is coated on base material and after solidification treatment and forms coating, and the thickness of coating is not more than 250 nm, and the refractive index of silicon-dioxide is not higher than 1.4.
Coating process of the present invention can be the known technology of any affiliated technical field, such as but not limited to scraper type coating (knife coating), roller coating (roller coating), micro-intaglio printing coating (microgravure coating), flow coat (flow coating), impregnation coating (dip coating), spray coating (spray coating) seam coating method (slot die coating), method of spin coating (spin coating) and curtain, is coated with (curtain coating).
Base material kind of the present invention can be any affiliated technical field glass types known to the skilled, such as ultra-white float glass, energy ultrawhite figured glass etc.
Solidification process of the present invention is for the base material of coating composition composition is positioned under the environment of 400~1000 ℃ and keeps being cured for 1~9 minute, thereby makes the base material with antireflective functional coating.
The thickness of coating is preferably at 80~180 nm.
After hot setting removing polymer, the refractive index of silicon-dioxide, below 1.4, is preferably 1.25~1.35.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The method that the monomer that the present invention's employing contains siloxane groups and the siloxane groups generation hydrolysis reaction of polymkeric substance form chemical combination key makes organic-inorganic nano hybrid particle, make free silicon-dioxide be able to better control, polymkeric substance can adopt relatively simply repeatedly progressively polymerization technique, be convenient to industrial production, and the coating of being prepared by nano-hybrid particle of the present invention has good optical property.
figure of description
Fig. 1 is the nano-hybrid particle size distribution figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the reflectivity curve of the nano-hybrid particle coating of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the nano-hybrid particle size distribution figure of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the reflectivity curve of the nano-hybrid particle coating of the embodiment of the present invention 2
.
Fig. 5 is the nano-hybrid particle size distribution figure of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the reflectivity curve of the nano-hybrid particle coating of the embodiment of the present invention 3
.
Fig. 7 is the nano-hybrid particle size distribution figure of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 8 is the reflectivity curve of the nano-hybrid particle coating of the embodiment of the present invention 4
.
Embodiment
Coating refractive index calculation formula:
Formula (1): R
min =(n
1 -n
0 )
2/ (n
1 + n
0 )
2
R
minfor reflectivity minimum value, N
1for base material refractive index, N
0for coating refractive index
Formula (2): T=λ/4n
T is coat-thickness, and λ is wavelength, and n is coating refractive index
Embodiment 1
Step 1: be beneficial to living polymerization means (GTP), prepare PMMA
15-PDMAEMA
30-PMPS
2(with the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups), the composition of polymkeric substance is calculated in conjunction with nuclear magnetic spectrum by gel permeation chromatography GPC.By the PMMA of 10 grams
15-PDMAEMA
30-PMPS
2add water (100g)/Virahol
(300g)mixed solvent in, it can be self-assembled into the nanoparticle of the about 75nm of particle diameter, and the outside of nanoparticle is PDMAEMA
30-PMPS
2, inside is PMMA
15.
Step 2: when forming self-assembled nanometer particle to containing slowly dripping the monomer of the TEOS(silicone-containing group of 50ml in the aqueous solution of nanoparticle), at 30 ℃, stirring reaction is 48 hours, siloxane groups hydrolytic condensation (chemical combination bond is closed) in the polymethyl acyloxy propyl-triethoxysilicane (PMPS) of the siloxane groups in TEOS and Nanosurface, makes nano-hybrid particle.By dynamic light scattering, test out particle diameter and the size distribution thereof of nano-hybrid particle, see Fig. 1.
Step 3: with Virahol, nano-hybrid particle is diluted to 2.6% solid content, and adds nitre acid for adjusting pH value to 2~3, make the anti-reflective coating compositions containing organic-inorganic nano-hybrid particle.
The pulling speed that adopts 250 mm/min by the anti-reflective coating compositions dip-coating making to clean glass baseplate.At the temperature of 710 ℃, the glass baseplate through coating is carried out solidifying for 4 minutes.The reflectivity that the curing later glass that scribbles reflection reduc(t)ing coating is 550 nanometers at wavelength is 0.55%, sees Fig. 2.
By formula (1) and (2), calculate, now the thicknesses of layers of antireflective coating is 105nm, and rete refractive index is 1.31.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: utilize letex polymerization, progressively add methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) monomer, and methacryloxypropyl triethoxyl silane (MPS) monomer, make PMMA
10~20-PDMAEMA
25~40-PMPS
1~5(with the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups), solid content is 10% emulsion.
Step 2: the monomer that slowly drips the TEOS(silicone-containing group of 50ml to 100 grams of above-mentioned emulsion), siloxane groups hydrolytic condensation (chemical combination bond is closed) in the polymethyl acyloxy propyl-triethoxysilicane (PMPS) of the siloxane groups in TEOS and nanoparticle surface, react 2 hours, make nano-hybrid particle.Particle dia is 115nm, and size distribution is shown in Fig. 3.
Step 3: with Virahol, above-mentioned nanoparticle is diluted to 2.6% solid content, and adds nitre acid for adjusting pH value to 2~3, make the anti-reflective coating compositions containing organic-inorganic nano-hybrid particle.
The pulling speed that adopts 250 mm/min by the anti-reflective coating compositions dip-coating making to clean glass baseplate.At the temperature of 710 ℃, the glass baseplate through coating is carried out solidifying for 4 minutes.The reflectivity that the curing later glass that scribbles reflection reduc(t)ing coating is 550 nanometers at wavelength is 0.55%, sees Fig. 4.
By formula (1) and (2), calculate, now the thicknesses of layers of antireflective coating is 105nm, and rete refractive index is 1.31.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: utilize propylene oxide, oxyethane to prepare CH under base catalysis condition
3cH
2o (CH
2cH
2(CH
3) O)
15(CH
2cH
2o)
20h, this block polymer of 500g is dissolved in dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution of 3L, at 100 ℃, in this solution, add 8g isocyanic ester propyl-triethoxysilicane (IPTS) (Mw=247) to stir, utilize FTIR monitoring reaction process, until-NCO group (2240cm
-1~2280cm
-1) charateristic avsorption band disappears, then continuation reaction 1h, makes CH
3cH
2o (CH
2cH
2(CH
3) O)
15(CH
2cH
2o)
30– IPTS(is with the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups).By the CH of 10g
3cH
2o (CH
2cH
2(CH
3) O)
15(CH
2cH
2o)
30– IPTS adds in the mixed solvent of water (500g)/Virahol (500g), and its meeting self-assembly forms the nanoparticle of particle diameter approximately 60 nm, and now the outside of nanoparticle is (CH
2cH
2o) – IPTS, inside is RO (CH
2cH
2(CH
3) O).
Step 2: when forming self-assembled nanometer particle to containing slowly dripping the TEOS of 30ml in the aqueous solution of this particle, siloxane groups hydrolytic condensation (chemical combination bond is closed) in the isocyanic ester propyl-triethoxysilicane (IPTS) of the siloxane groups in TEOS and particle surface, at 30 ℃, stirring reaction is 24 hours, make nano-hybrid particle, particle diameter is in 70~100 nanometers, and narrow distribution, is shown in Fig. 5.
Step 3: with Virahol, above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle is diluted to 2% solid content, and adds nitre acid for adjusting pH value to 2~3, make the anti-reflective coating compositions containing organic-inorganic nano-hybrid particle.
The pulling speed that adopts 250 mm/min by the anti-reflective coating compositions dip-coating making to clean glass baseplate.At the temperature of 710 ℃, the glass baseplate through coating is carried out solidifying for 4 minutes.The reflectivity that the curing later glass that scribbles reflection reduc(t)ing coating is 550 nanometers at wavelength is 0.92%, sees Fig. 6.
By formula (1) and (2), calculate, now the thicknesses of layers of antireflective coating is 102nm, and rete refractive index is 1.35.
Embodiment 4
Step 1: in the flask of electric stirring, nitrogen protection is housed, add PTMEG (Mw=1000) and the 6g Chinese (DMPA) of 60g, be heated to 100 ℃, vacuumize dehydration.Then be cooled to 60 ℃, drip 30g isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), reaction 0.5~1h, then be slowly warming up to 80 ℃, and add catalyzer, reaction 3h, titration performed polymer NCO content reaches theoretical value 2.5%, add 5.1g 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), utilize FTIR monitoring reaction process, until-NCO group (2240cm
-1~2280cm
-1) charateristic avsorption band disappears, then continuation reaction 1h, is then cooled to 50 ℃, adds acetone viscosity reduction, and adds triethylamine neutralization, reacts approximately 30 minutes, makes Waterborne Polyurethane Prepolymer.Then 20g performed polymer is slowly added in 80g deionized water, emulsion dispersion under strong stirring, adjusting rotary speed, at 3000 revs/min, makes particle diameter approximately 80 nm, the aqueous polyurethane with siloxane groups of 20% solid content.
Step 2: add 500g Virahol in this aqueous polyurethane of 100g, the TEOS that simultaneously adds 40g, at 30 ℃, react 24 hours, siloxane groups on aqueous polyurethane and the siloxane groups hydrolytic condensation on TEOS (chemical combination bond is closed), make nano-hybrid particle, particle diameter, in 60~110 nanometers, is shown in Fig. 7.
Step 3: with Virahol, above-mentioned nano-hybrid particle is diluted to 2% solid content, and adds ammoniacal liquor to regulate pH value to 8~9, make the anti-reflective coating compositions containing organic-inorganic nano-hybrid particle.
The reflectivity that the curing later glass that scribbles reflection reduc(t)ing coating is 550 nanometers at wavelength is 1.12%, sees Fig. 8.
By formula (1) and (2), calculate, now the thicknesses of layers of antireflective coating is 100nm, and rete refractive index is 1.37.
Claims (10)
1. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions, for the nanoparticle being compounded to form by polymkeric substance and siliceous inorganic materials, it is characterized in that: described polymkeric substance is the polymkeric substance with siloxane groups, described inorganic materials is the monomer of silicone-containing group, and the monomer of this silicone-containing group and the siloxane groups in polymkeric substance close and form organic-inorganic composite nano hybrid particle with chemical combination bond.
2. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inorganic materials accounts for 30~80% of nano-hybrid particle total mass.
3. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the siloxane groups in described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in vinyltrimethoxy silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl triethoxyl silane, methacryloxypropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl methyldiethoxysilane, isocyanate group propyl-triethoxysilicane, vinyl three ('beta '-methoxy oxyethyl group) silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
4. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the monomer of described silicone-containing group is one or more the combination in tetramethoxy-silicane, tetraethoxysilane, Union carbide A-162.
5. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described polymkeric substance is except siloxane groups, some or all of is polymethylmethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid N, N-dimethylaminoethyl, butyl polyacrylate, urethane, polyoxyethylene, the homopolymer of polyoxytrimethylene, sodium polyacrylate, polytetramethylene ether diol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl pyridine, polyoxyethylene glycol, or two kinds and above segmented copolymer.
6. the nano-hybrid particle for anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described polymkeric substance, except siloxane groups, is diblock copolymer.
7. utilize the described nano-hybrid particle of one of claim 1 to 6 to prepare a method for anti-reflective coating compositions, comprise the steps:
Step 1: preparation comprises the polymkeric substance of siloxane groups;
Step 2: add the monomer that contains siloxane groups, fully reaction, makes nano-hybrid particle;
Step 3: add thinner, pH adjusting agent, makes anti-reflective coating compositions,
Wherein, in the monomer that contains siloxane groups adding and polymkeric substance, the mol ratio of siloxane groups is (20~60): 1.
8. the method for preparing anti-reflective coating compositions according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the add-on of described thinner is to make the solid content of nano-hybrid particle 2~4%.
9. the purposes in anti-reflective coating compositions according to the nano-hybrid particle one of claim 1 to 6 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: described anti-reflection coating composition comprises nano-hybrid particle, and the solid content of nano-hybrid particle in coating composition is not more than 8%, the particle diameter of nano-hybrid particle is 40~150 nm.
10. the purposes of nano-hybrid particle according to claim 9 in anti-reflective coating compositions, it is characterized in that: described coating composition is coated on and on base material and after solidification treatment, forms coating, the thickness of coating is not more than 250 nm, and the refractive index of silicon-dioxide is not higher than 1.4.
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