CN103410502B - A kind of acquisition methods of three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of acquisition methods of three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acquisition methods of three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir, first set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field, determine the quantitative relation between reservoir pore degree and permeability; Obtain the equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body, determine minimum critical permeability value, then this value permeability is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, obtain equivalent permeability value; By tracer and interference test test result, the permeability fields after truncation is corrected; Adopt the correction that method for numerical simulation carries out permeability fields.The permeability that the present invention obtains for oil reservoir development knowledge of regularity, oil reservoir production forecast, producing zone bit optimization and adjustment, Well Pattern And Spacing Optimization and tuning, study remaining oil extraction rule, profile control and water plugging, gas injection waterflood project have decisive role, reduce the cost of winning of oil-gas reservoir, improve oil-gas reservoir recovery ratio, finally reach the object of the economic benefit increasing oil reservoir development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to network-like fracture-pore reservoir production technique field, relate to a kind of method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir, to improve specific aim, the reasonability of oil reservoir development, finally improve oil recovery, and reduce oil reservoir cost of winning.
Background technology
Permeability is the parameter that reflection oil reservoir allows fluid handling capacity size, is evaluate reservoir permeability, calculates oil well productivity, for evaluation reservoir permeability, and predicting oil/gas well capacity, the basic data of oil reservoir development method.Permeability Parameters is extremely important, and its importance is embodied in each exploitation link through the whole developing history of oil-gas reservoir.The testing expense only just obtaining permeability just embodies its importance: well testing 10-20 ten thousand yuan/well; Core experiment room measures, about 10,000 yuan/sample (comprising sampling expense and test fee); Examination track agent test, 20-100 ten thousand/well group.The three-dimensional permeability fields data of oil reservoir include the permeability value of any position in oil reservoir, based on the permeability test data of individual well, in conjunction with test results such as 3-D seismics, inter-well interference test, interwell tracer test, well testings, adopt the data volume that inter-wells predicting method comprehensively obtains, very crucial for full oil reservoir development, oil reservoir development knowledge of regularity, oil reservoir production forecast, producing zone bit optimization and adjustment, Well Pattern And Spacing Optimization and tuning, study the 3 d data field that remaining oil extraction rule, profile control and water plugging, gas injection waterflood project etc. all need full oil reservoir.
Network-like fracture-pore reservoir is a kind of special fracture-pore reservoir, has complicated reservoir medium feature, has extremely strong non-homogeneity, show multiple flowing law (seepage flow, pipe stream).Represent oil reservoir as Tahe fractured-vuggy buried hill oil reservoir, Tarim Basin wheel buried hill reservoir.The complexity of reservoir shows three aspects: first Storage category is complicated, comprises crack, solution cavity, hole; Secondly the dimensional variation scope of often kind of Reservoir Body is large, and for fracture medium, range scale just comprises micron order to km level; Crack, solution cavity spatial composing relations complexity.Network reservoir non-homogeneity is stronger, and Reservoir Body and non-Reservoir Body are close palace shape cross-distribution, in dendroid, network-like distribution, therefore by scholar's called after network reservoir.These features of fracture-pore reservoir reservoir, make the physical property between well predict very difficult.However, through technical development for many years and accumulation, the application of the technology such as such as well shake joint inversion technology, multi-point statistic Predicting Technique, multiwave multicomponent earthquake attributive analysis skill, geology and exploitation multidisciplinary collaboration, the porosity data obtained can meet oil deposit management needs substantially, but the accuracy of permeability is still extremely low, the permeability value in a lot of region can only be estimated without foundation.Main cause has 2 aspects: the crack of (1) large scale and the permeability of solution cavity are difficult to prediction, and the form of lower seam hole body can not be familiar with clear primarily, and the change a little of form can both cause Permeability Parameters significantly to change; Secondly, the flowing law of large scale seam hole body inner fluid follows free fluid flowing and pipe stream flowing law, even if form is clear, if form is irregular, just can not obtain corresponding permeability value theoretically, even if adopt the concept of equivalent permeability, the permeability value obtained also is a changing value.Even if adopt the concept of equivalent permeability, the permeability obtained neither definite value, also relevant to flow velocity, fluidised form; (2) size of permeability value affects by multiple geologic(al) factor, very responsive to the reaction of these factors vary, so the foundation of the three-dimensional permeability fields of full oil reservoir is the technical barrier that all heterogeneous reservoirs generally face, and the far complete oil reservoir exceeding general type of the non-homogeneity of network reservoir, the interwell permeability prediction of reservoir is more difficult.Also do not have a set of reasonable and that applicability is strong method can obtain the reliable three-dimensional permeability fields of this kind of oil reservoir at present both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
Difficulty existing for obtaining in three-dimensional permeability at present for seam hole type network reservoir, proposes a kind of method that degree of porosity obtains seam hole type network reservoir permeability.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of acquisition methods of three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir, and the method comprises the following steps:
First: utilize three-dimensional oil reservoir fine description and three-dimensional geological modeling technology, set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field;
Second: determine the quantitative relation between reservoir pore degree and permeability; Relation is oozed in hole for the lower reservoir of degree of porosity, and utilize hole to ooze semilog relation, data is oozed in the hole according to individual well reservoir, oozes the parameters of relational expression by statistical method determining hole, thus obtains preliminary three-dimensional permeability fields according to this quantitative relation;
3rd: utilize Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model to obtain the equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body, with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this permeability value is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body;
4th: by tracer and interference test test result, the permeability fields after truncation is corrected;
5th: adopt the correction that method for numerical simulation carries out permeability fields.
Further, utilize three-dimensional oil reservoir fine description and three-dimensional geological modeling technology with the degree of porosity that rock is cored, well log interpretation obtains on individual well section, set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field and adopt following steps:
With rock core, well log interpretation obtains degree of porosity on individual well section, with rock sample porosity correction well logging porosity, then obtain continuous print degree of porosity distribution on individual well section, then press substratum calculating mean value;
Adopt multi-point statistic method, utilize 3-D seismics, well logging, individual well lithological profile, the ancient hydrological environment geography-data in region to set up sedimentary facies and karst phase model;
With three-dimensional sedimentary facies and karst mutually for controlling, 3D seismic data is constraint, using individual well porosity value as determined value, adopts stochastic modeling method to log well in advance a porosity value.
Further, there is semilog relation, i.e. φ=C between degree of porosity and permeability
1lnK+C
2, wherein φ is degree of porosity, and K is permeability, C
1and C
2for constant.
Further, described second step comprises: the scientific formulate between statistics reservoir pore degree and permeability; Basement rock hole do not considered by statistics sample; Based on minute crack, half filling solution cavity, small carbonate rock; Put aside the sample that degree of porosity is high, namely the degree of porosity of sample is less than 10%, and permeability is less than 10D;
Described third step comprises: the measurement difficult problem solving the permeability value of irregular large scale seam hole body.The equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body is obtained based on Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model, with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this value permeability is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body.Seepage theory according to fractured reservoir is known, and after the permeability of large scale seam hole body exceedes Critical permeability value, the disconnected increase permeability value that continues is very little for the impact of flow through oil reservoir rule;
Described 4th step comprises: correct permeability with reservoir numerical simulation history-matching method further in conjunction with tracer test, checking and adjustment Critical permeability value.
Further, solve a measurement difficult problem for the permeability value of irregular large scale seam hole body, large scale seam hole body is the main body of High porosity high permeability reservoirs, permeability is all high, geometric shape is complicated, filling feelings are complicated, and a measurement difficult problem for its permeability is the basic reason that the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir is difficult to set up, and solution is divided into three steps:
(1) equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body is obtained based on Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model:
Large fracture adopts flat equivalent permeability design formulas:
The equivalent permeability design formulas that tubular corrosion pipeline adopts:
In formula (1) ~ (2):
-equivalent permeability; H-crack width; φ-solution cavity conduit volume and the ratio of sillar cumulative volume, be equivalent to cavern porosity; R-solution cavity pipe radius;
(2) with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this permeability value is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body;
(3) in order to reflect the change of the form of displacing front in flow process, the permeability of large scale seam hole body different parts is adjusted by multiple proportions relation;
Free fluid flowing law is obeyed in flowing in the body of large scale seam hole, and according to Newtonian fluid theory of mechanics, the flow velocity of pipeline different parts obeys formula (3), and the flow velocity in the middle part of known flow duct is higher than the flow velocity of pipeline edge; Only mean permeability value need be calculated for single-phase flowing, namely formula (1) ~ (2) are adopted to calculate the equivalent permeability of large scale seam hole body, but for Multiphase Flow, then need the distribution predicting fluid, the saturating rate field of seepage flow also needs the flow velocity difference reflecting different parts in the body of large scale seam hole, so for different positions, on the basis of permeability truncation, do multiple proportions adjustment according to formula (4);
In formula (3) ~ (4): u
*-flow velocity, the thickness of h-sheet flow passage; P-pressure; Y-is apart from the distance of flow channel wall, and value is:
k
0-Critical permeability.
The permeability that the present invention obtains is the important parameter that exploitation oil-gas reservoir needs; Oil reservoir development knowledge of regularity, oil reservoir production forecast, producing zone bit optimization and adjustment, Well Pattern And Spacing Optimization and tuning, study the 3 d data field that remaining oil extraction rule, profile control and water plugging, gas injection waterflood project etc. all need full oil reservoir, thus realize the cost of winning reducing oil-gas reservoir, improve oil-gas reservoir recovery ratio, finally reach the object of the economic benefit increasing oil reservoir development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The flow chart of the acquisition methods of the three-dimensional permeability fields of the network-like fracture-pore reservoir that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The Figure of the quantitative relationship of the use statistical method determining hole porosity that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and permeability;
Fig. 3 is the impact of change for flow through oil reservoir rule of large scale seam hole body permeability; Upper figure: geological model of oil accumulation; Figure below: the Production development of analog computation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of acquisition methods of three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir, be described for Tahe S48 fracture-cavity units.For Tahe fracture-pore reservoir S48 fracture-cavity units, working of an invention mode of the present invention is described.Tahe fracture-pore reservoir S48 fracture-cavity units is typical network-like fracture-pore reservoir, and reservoir medium is based on crack and solution cavity, and basement rock hole is invalid hole.The dimensional variation of crack, solution cavity is large, in micron and km rank, and point filling and not filling.Because Oil Reservoir Types is special, three-dimensional geological modeling difficulty, through New Year research, sets up the three-dimensional apertures porosity field of oil reservoir, but lacks rational three-dimensional permeability fields, greatly hinder the scientific development of oil reservoir.As shown in Figure 1, the method specific implementation step carried of the present invention is as follows:
First: utilize three-dimensional oil reservoir fine description and three-dimensional geological modeling technology, set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field.If this process uses these ripe advanced methods, then set up degree of porosity reliable, substantially meet the needs of oil deposit management: the application of the technology such as well shake joint inversion technology, multi-point statistic Predicting Technique, multiwave multicomponent earthquake attributive analysis skill, geology and exploitation multidisciplinary collaboration.This process can also determine the roughly distribution of reservoir reserve and abundance, petrofacies and seam hole body.Specifically comprise the following steps: with rock core, well log interpretation obtains degree of porosity on individual well section, with rock sample porosity correction well logging porosity, then obtain continuous print degree of porosity distribution on individual well section, then press substratum calculating mean value; Adopt multi-point statistic method, utilize 3-D seismics, well logging, individual well lithological profile, the ancient hydrological environment geographic data in region to set up sedimentary facies and karst phase model; With three-dimensional sedimentary facies and karst mutually for controlling, 3D seismic data is constraint, using individual well porosity value as determined value, adopts stochastic modeling method to log well in advance a porosity value.
Second: determine the quantitative relation between reservoir pore degree and permeability, emphasis considers that relation is oozed in the hole of the reservoir that degree of porosity is lower, adopts degree of porosity at the reservoir of 0.5%-10% scope in example.Hole is oozed relation and is adopted semilog relation, i.e. φ=C
1lnK+C
2, data is oozed in the hole according to individual well reservoir, oozes the parameters of relational expression by statistical method determining hole, thus obtains rough three-dimensional permeability fields according to this quantitative relation.(see Fig. 2)
φ＝0.28213ln(K)+0.02041
In formula: K--permeability, unit mD
φ--degree of porosity, decimal;
3rd: permeability is exceeded the permeability value faced and do truncation, Critical permeability be 80D as cutoff value, thus solve this technical barrier of permeability how measuring irregular large scale seam hole body dexterously.
For Tahe fracture-pore reservoir, when continuous media permeability is 0.3D, the Critical permeability of large scale seam hole body is 80D, if exceed this value, the result of reservoir numerical simulation is substantially close, and 80D can be used as the cutoff value of Reservoir Permeability.If relate to pressure-break percolation law, can find that this seepage flow characteristics of large scale seam hole body has identical principle with the seepage flow characteristics of crack infinite fluid diversion.
The permeability value of general large scale seam hole body is all far longer than and blocks permeability value, the permeability of all large scale seam holes body is set to Critical permeability value, reservoir numerical simulation result is not had an impact, since it is so just there is no need to consider large scale seam hole body accurately permeability be how many actually.Obviously, the technical barrier how measuring large scale seam hole body permeability is also just resolved.
4th: the measurement difficult problem solving the permeability value of irregular large scale seam hole body.Large scale seam hole body is the main body of High porosity high permeability reservoirs, and permeability is all high, and geometric shape is complicated, and filling feelings are complicated, and a measurement difficult problem for its permeability is the basic reason that the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir is difficult to set up.Solution is divided into three to walk poly-:
(1) equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body is obtained based on Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model:
Large fracture adopts flat equivalent permeability design formulas:
The equivalent permeability design formulas that tubular corrosion pipeline adopts:
In formula (1) ~ (2):
-equivalent permeability; H-crack width; φ-solution cavity conduit volume and the ratio of sillar cumulative volume, be equivalent to cavern porosity; R-solution cavity pipe radius;
(2) with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this value permeability is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body.This Critical permeability can be understood from another one angle, and this Critical permeability value can think that the flowing of large scale being stitched in the body of hole can be treated to the minimum permeability value of infinite fluid diversion.
Illustrate at this, oil reservoir meshes number 30 × 1 × 30, size of mesh opening 10m × 20m × 5m: as shown in Figure 3, solution cavity pipeline permeability is divided into 9 kinds of situations to simulate respectively: 0.3D, 1D, 5D, 20D, 50D, 200D, 500D, 9 kinds of situations such as 2000D, 5000D, the permeability in region, small seam hole is 0.3D, water energy at the bottom of oil reservoir is sufficient, its constant pressure.Fixed output quota liquid measure amount is adopted to produce, the flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) of the oil well of simulation.Can be obtained drawing a conclusion by analog result: permeability greatly to a certain extent after (for its value 200D of this programme) dynamic effects of oil reservoir is weakened ", 200D is Critical permeability value in this example.
(3) in order to reflect the change (such as waterflood front) of the form of displacing front in flow process, the seepage flow of large scale seam hole body different parts is adjusted by multiple proportions relation thoroughly.
Free fluid flowing law is obeyed in flowing in the body of large scale seam hole, and according to Newtonian fluid theory of mechanics, the flow velocity of pipeline different parts obeys formula (3), and the flow velocity in the middle part of known flow duct is higher than the flow velocity of pipeline edge.Only mean permeability value need be calculated for single-phase flowing, namely formula (1) ~ (2) are adopted to calculate the equivalent permeability of large scale seam hole body, but for Multiphase Flow, then need the distribution predicting fluid, the saturating rate field of seepage flow also needs the flow velocity difference reflecting different parts in the body of large scale seam hole, so for different positions, on the basis of permeability truncation, do multiple proportions adjustment according to formula (4):
In formula (3) ~ (4): u
*-flow velocity, the thickness of h-sheet flow passage; P-pressure; Y-is apart from the distance of flow channel wall, and value is:
k
0-Critical permeability.
5th: by tracer and interference test test result, the permeability fields after truncation is corrected;
6th: adopt the correction that method for numerical simulation carries out permeability fields.Generally speaking, as long as porosity model is reasonable, the permeability value obtained by above-mentioned three steps poly-(the second ~ five) and the behavioral characteristics of actual oil reservoir have good correlation, for good basis is established in reservoir numerical simulation history matching.If do not have above-mentioned Research foundation, the history matching of reservoir numerical simulation has been difficult to; Even if complete history matching, the permeability fields obtained and actual geological condition do not match.Then modified by reservoir numerical simulation, generally mainly carry out the correction of overall multiple on a large scale and namely can obtain satisfied permeability fields data.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an acquisition methods for the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir, is characterized in that: the acquisition methods of the three-dimensional permeability fields of this network-like fracture-pore reservoir comprises the following steps:
The first, with rock core, well log interpretation obtains degree of porosity on individual well section, utilize three-dimensional oil reservoir fine description and three-dimensional geological modeling technology, set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field;
The second, determine the quantitative relation between reservoir pore degree and permeability; Relation is oozed in hole for the lower reservoir of degree of porosity, utilizes hole to ooze semilog relation, according to the hole of individual well reservoir, oozes data, oozes the parameters of relational expression, thus obtain preliminary three-dimensional permeability fields according to this quantitative relation by statistical method determining hole;
3rd, Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model is utilized to obtain the equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body, with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this permeability value is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body;
4th, by tracer and interference test test result, the permeability fields after truncation is corrected;
5th, adopt the correction that method for numerical simulation carries out permeability fields.
2. the method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize three-dimensional oil reservoir fine description and three-dimensional geological modeling technology with the degree of porosity that rock is cored, well log interpretation obtains on individual well section, set up network reservoir three-dimensional apertures porosity field and adopt following steps:
With rock core, well log interpretation obtains degree of porosity on individual well section, with rock sample porosity correction well logging porosity, then obtain continuous print degree of porosity distribution on individual well section, then press substratum calculating mean value;
Adopt multi-point statistic method, utilize 3-D seismics, well logging, individual well lithological profile, the ancient hydrological environment geography-data in region to set up sedimentary facies and karst phase model;
With three-dimensional sedimentary facies and karst mutually for controlling, 3D seismic data is constraint, using individual well porosity value as determined value, adopts stochastic modeling method to log well in advance a porosity value.
3. the method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: have semilog relation between degree of porosity and permeability, i.e. φ=C
1lnK+C
2, wherein φ is degree of porosity, and K is permeability, C
1and C
2for constant.
4. the method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described second step comprises: the scientific formulate between statistics reservoir pore degree and permeability; Basement rock hole do not considered by statistics sample; Based on minute crack, half filling solution cavity, small carbonate rock; Do not comprise the sample that degree of porosity is high, namely the degree of porosity of sample is less than 10%, and permeability is less than 10D;
Described third step comprises: the equivalent permeability obtaining tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body based on Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model, with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then this permeability value is done truncation as maximum value by Critical permeability value, thus obtain the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body; Seepage theory according to fractured reservoir is known, after the permeability of large scale seam hole body exceedes Critical permeability value, continues to increase permeability value little for the impact of flow through oil reservoir rule;
Described 4th step comprises: correct permeability with reservoir numerical simulation history-matching method further in conjunction with tracer test, checking and adjustment Critical permeability value.
5. the method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method for described third step is:
Step one, obtains the equivalent permeability of tabular, circular tube shaped seam hole body based on Darcy-Stokes Multiphase Flow model:
Large fracture adopts flat equivalent permeability design formulas:
The equivalent permeability design formulas that tubular corrosion pipeline adopts:
In formula (1) ~ (2):
equivalent permeability; H-crack width; φ-solution cavity conduit volume and the ratio of sillar cumulative volume, be equivalent to cavern porosity; R-solution cavity pipe radius;
Step 2, with numerical reservoir simulation method determination minimum critical permeability value, then does truncation as maximum value by this permeability value using Critical permeability value, thus obtains the equivalent permeability value of irregular slit hole body;
Step 3, in order to reflect the change of the form of displacing front in flow process, adjusts by multiple proportions relation the permeability of large scale seam hole body different parts.
6. the method obtaining the three-dimensional permeability fields of network-like fracture-pore reservoir as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: free fluid flowing law is obeyed in the flowing in the body of large scale seam hole, according to Newtonian fluid theory of mechanics, the flow velocity of pipeline different parts obeys formula (3), flow velocity in the middle part of known flow duct is higher than the flow velocity of pipeline edge, for different positions, on the basis of permeability truncation, do multiple proportions adjustment according to formula (4):
In formula (3) ~ (4): u
*-flow velocity, the thickness of h-sheet flow passage; P-pressure; Y-is apart from the distance of flow channel wall, and value is:
k
0-Critical permeability.
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