CN103405228B - A kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device, it comprises: supply module, and it is powered for this measuring device; Signals collecting and pretreatment module, it comprises at least one surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel, for gathering electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal respectively, and is amplified and exports controller module to after filtering; Controller module, it amplifies and filtered described electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal for receiving, and carries out sampling and AD conversion, and store after removing Hz noise according to the sample frequency set; Human-machine interface module, it is for providing the interface of man-machine interaction for user.The each several part of said apparatus disclosed by the invention is positioned at same device, and volume little Yi is portable.The present invention adopts technique scheme, has easy to use, and reliability is strong, the feature of electrode highly versatile, can collection surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical instruments field, particularly relate to the technical device of bio electricity collection, process, be specifically related to a kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device.
Background technology
Electrocardio be a kind of transthoracic in units of the time, record heart bioelectrical activity and by skin surface with the signal of telecommunication of electrode measurement record, be measure and bio signal that diagnosis abnormal heart rhythms is best.In human motion process, the bio-voltage of microvolt level produces in myofibroblasts, can record with non-intrusion type at skin surface, this signal of telecommunication is called surface myoelectric, be used to the important biomolecule information carrier assessing neuromuscular system motor function, be widely used in medical research, clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation medical and sport biomechanics field.
Because the surface myoelectric recorded from skin surface contains multiple noise jamming, be the small-signal that a kind of signal to noise ratio is very low, therefore must carry out the process such as signal amplification, filtering to it.The nearly electromyographic electrode of existing myoelectric apparatus modelled signal pretreatment termination, and customize and lead line between electrode and device, not only make troubles to signals collecting, limit the versatility of connecting line between electrode and collection mainboard, also make pretreatment module in use because the probability of the factor damages such as collision increases, reduce the reliability of total system.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of portable, low-power consumption, can use current electrode connecting line, easy to use, reliability is strong, can the measuring device of real time record electrocardio and surface myoelectric and method.
With this end in view, the invention discloses a kind of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device, it comprises:
Supply module, it is powered for this measuring device;
Signals collecting and pretreatment module, it comprises at least one surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel, for gathering electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal respectively, and is amplified and exports controller module to after filtering;
Controller module, it amplifies and filtered described electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal for receiving, and carries out sampling and AD conversion, and store after removing Hz noise according to the sample frequency set;
Human-machine interface module, it is for providing the interface of man-machine interaction for user.
Wherein, described signals collecting and pretreatment module comprise multiple surface myoelectric passage and an electrocardiac channel, all adopt three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body.
Wherein, described surface myoelectric passage is identical with the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of electrocardiac channel, includes the differential amplifier circuit and bandwidth-limited circuit that connect successively; Described surface myoelectric passage is different with the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit in electrocardiac channel.
Wherein, in described surface myoelectric passage, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 20-500Hz; In described electrocardiac channel, the cut-off frequency of bandwidth-limited circuit is 0.05-100Hz.
Wherein, described surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel are all connected with human body by three cardiac diagnosis lead-lines, wherein two differential input signal lines are connected with differential amplifier circuit input, and another reference signal line is connected with the reference circuit in described surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel.
Wherein, described controller module comprises microcontroller minimum system and storage card, Hz noise in signal after wherein said microcontroller minimum system adopts 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filtering to remove sampling and AD conversion, and be stored in storage card.
Wherein, described supply module comprises switch, battery case and power conversion chip; Wherein: whether switch is used for controlling to power, battery case is used for power supply, and it is the voltage being applicable to contact panel in microcontroller minimum system and human-machine interface module in described signals collecting and pretreatment module, controller module that power conversion chip is used for the voltage transitions that exported by described battery case.
Wherein, described human-machine interface module comprises contact panel and computer, and user as required choice for use contact panel or computer and described portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device carries out alternately.
Wherein, described contact panel is connected with described controller module by RS232 serial ports, and described computer is connected with described controller module by USB interface.
The unified electrocardioelectrode that adopts of electrode signal acquisition disclosed by the invention gathers electrocardio and surface myoelectric, and lead line by electrocardio and be connected with the input of described difference amplifier, convenience and electrode that device uses can be improved, lead the versatility of line, not need customize electrode especially and lead line;
Adopt said structure and method, the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is structurally except electrode and lead all parts except line and be all positioned at same device, especially signals collecting and preprocessing part are integrated in device inside, without the need to signal amplification and bandpass filtering chip are customized in leading line or electrode interior, general, cheap electrocardio can be used to lead line and electrocardioelectrode effects on surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal gather, substantially increase the versatility of device, the convenience of use, the reliability of single unit system;
(2) the present invention uses the signal trap process of software form in microprocessor minimum system inside, decreases unnecessary hardware unit, simplifies device, further increase the reliability of method;
(3) the present invention can use contact panel and computer to carry out man-machine interface to communicate, realize all operations to device, and can process signal in real time, improve the practicality of device;
(4) the present invention can simultaneously collection surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of differential amplifier circuit in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of reference circuit in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of surface myoelectric channel bandpass filter in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of electrocardiac channel band filter in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of portable cardiac provided by the invention and surface myoelectric measuring device.As shown in Figure 1, this measuring device comprises: supply module 104, signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, controller module 112 and human-machine interface module 115.
Described supply module 104 comprises switch 101, battery case 102 and power conversion chip 103; Wherein: switch 101, for control whether be that whole equipment is powered;
Battery case 102, for powering to whole equipment, it can use 2 joint No. 5 batteries or 1 joint 9V battery;
Power conversion chip 103, it becomes ± 5V ,+3.3V three kinds for the voltage exported by described battery case 102, is respectively described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, described control minimum system 113, described contact panel 116 power;
Described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105 comprise multiple surface myoelectric path 10 6 and 1 electrocardiac channel 107, for gathering electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal respectively, to be amplified by signal faint for human body, the quantity of described surface myoelectric passage can set according to actual needs, is preferably 4; Described surface myoelectric passage comprises differential amplifier circuit 108, reference circuit 109 and bandwidth-limited circuit 110, wherein, differential amplifier circuit 108 is for amplifying faint low signal-to-noise ratio surface electromyogram signal, reference circuit 109, for reducing common mode disturbances, is connected with differential amplifier circuit 108; Bandwidth-limited circuit 110, for filtering noise, is connected with differential amplifier circuit 108, then carries out bandpass filtering, removes noise, is then input in the AD conversion interface of microcontroller minimum system 113.Described multiple surface myoelectric path 10 6 and 1 electrocardiac channel 107 all adopt 3 general cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body, are two differential input signal lines CH1+, CH1-respectively, 1 reference signal line Ref; Described two differential input signal lines CH1+, CH1-are connected to described differential amplifier circuit, and reference signal line is connected to reference circuit 109.Conducting wire is connected with human body by Ag-AgCl electrocardioelectrode paster; The cut-off frequency that in described surface myoelectric path 10 6, bandwidth-limited circuit 110 adopts is 20-500Hz; Electrocardiac channel 107 is identical with surface myoelectric path 10 6 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, and the cut-off frequency unlike the bandpass filtering 111 of electrocardiac channel 107 is 0.05-100Hz.Wherein, filter cutoff frequency is determined by human physiology's characteristic, can the noise of better filtering and useful signal different frequency range.
Described control module 112 comprises microcontroller minimum system 113 and storage card 114; Described microcontroller minimum system 113 receives surface myoelectric path 10 6 and electrocardiac channel 107 in described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105 and amplifies and signal after filtering, and carry out successively sampling and AD conversion according to the sample frequency of setting, software approach is used to design 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filters, remove 50Hz Hz noise, then carry out as required showing or storing; Microcontroller minimum system 113 is by SPI interface operation storage card 114, and storage card can use SD card, miniSD card, the microstorage cards such as TF card to reduce the overall dimensions of device, the surface myoelectric arrived for storage of collected and electrocardiosignal;
Described human-machine interface module 115 comprises contact panel 116 and computer 117, it is for user and the mutual interface of equipment, can select according to actual needs: the contact panel that can be carried by equipment carries out optimum configurations and the display of signals collecting, also undertaken arranging and showing by USB interface and computer, comprise the selection of signal sampling channel, the setting of sample frequency, the design of signals collecting time, whether by signal stored in storage card or computer, the signalling channel numbering setting of display; Wherein, described contact panel 116 is communicated with described microcontroller minimum system by RS232 serial ports, and computer 117 is communicated with described microcontroller minimum system by USB interface.
Total system work process is as follows: (arranged by switch 101) after system electrification, controller is started working, user is before acquired signal, need to arrange system, setting up procedure can be undertaken by contact panel, also can be connected to computer by USB, arrange at computer terminal.Select acquisition channel, frequency acquisition, acquisition time, then can check selected channel signal by the preview window.After being provided with, user clicks " starting to gather ", and button commencing signal gathers, and considers time, also can arrange and start sometime to gather.If be provided with acquisition time, then can be terminated by sound prompting collection when collection completes, also can be clicked by user " terminating to gather ", terminate this gatherer process.Now whether system prompt stores, and user can select whether to be stored into SD card, or is stored in local hard drive under USB connects computer situation.
After system acquisition starts, the electromyographic signal that human body surface is faint or electrocardiosignal are first after the amplification and filtering of described signals collecting and pretreatment module 105, be transferred to microcontroller minimum system 113, the acquisition channel that a/d converter in microcontroller minimum system 113 sets according to user, frequency acquisition and acquisition time, this signal is sampled and AD conversion, is converted to digital signal.First microcontroller minimum system 113 carries out the process of 50Hz Software notch to this digital signal signal, then arranges according to user, shows signal curve on contact panel or on computer screen.After collection terminates, arrange according to user, be stored into SD card or be stored into hard disc of computer.
Fig. 2 shows the structure chart of differential amplifier circuit in the present invention.Owing to mostly using common amplifier and discrete component design two-stage amplifying circuit in prior art, the first order is buffer stage, and the second level is amplifier stage, and design is complicated, simultaneously due to the impedance mismatch of two input channels, additionally introduces noise.For avoiding these problems, the present invention uses the INA128 instrumentation amplifier of TI company.As shown in Figure 2, the highest 120db of this instrumentation amplifier common mode rejection ratio, input impedance about 10
10Ω, inside contains prime buffer circuit and difference operational amplifying circuit.Prime buffer circuit improves input impedance and the common mode rejection ratio of amplifying circuit, the inner resistance through exact matching ensures the impedance balance between two input channels, avoid the impedance unbalance that user oneself use discrete resistance element design buffer brings, thus introduce the problem of larger interference.Amplifier is powered only to be needed to connect positive-negative power and reference potential, and amplification can be changed by the resistance changed between pin 2 and pin 8, amplification scope 1 to 10000.
Surface electromyogram signal scope is generally at below 1mV, native system supply voltage is ± 5V, in order to prevent the excessive input stage amplifier that causes of common mode disturbances saturated, native system Design enlargement multiple is 1000,50 ohmages should be selected according to formulae discovery, due to the needs of reference circuit design, design use two 25 ohmage series connection herein, between two resistance, be connected to the input of reference circuit.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of reference circuit in the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, described reference circuit is made up of voltage follower and reverse amplification circuit, voltage follower plays isolation buffer effect, inverting amplifier by being input to human body after anti-phase for the common mode disturbances in described differential amplifier circuit, and then play the effect suppressing common mode disturbances, for the collection of surface myoelectric and electrocardiosignal provides reference voltage.
Fig. 4 shows the design principle figure of surface myoelectric band filter in the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, this surface myoelectric band filter is combined by high pass filter and low pass filter, and first the surface electromyogram signal after instrumentation amplifier amplifies by high pass filter, filters out low frequency part noise, then by low pass filter, HFS noise is filtered out.Physiology's effective frequency range of surface electromyogram signal is about 20-200Hz, needs before treatment to be removed by noise contribution after filtering.Main noise comprises: low frequency common noise, 50Hz industrial frequency noise, and radio-frequency radiation noise, and design of filter designs for the frequecy characteristic of signal and noise.Design the band filter be made up of low pass filter and high pass filter herein, wherein low pass filter design is 3 rank Butterworth active filters, cut-off frequency 500Hz; High pass filter is designed to 1 rank active filter, cut-off frequency 5Hz.For 50Hz Hz noise, major part design is all use double T 50Hz wave trap to realize, because power frequency notch filter requires that trap frequency section is very narrow, so high to the required precision of device, regulate very difficult, and due in use because the factors such as temperature cause the change of device property, also wave trap hydraulic performance decline can be caused.Due to these shortcomings of hardware the design of notch, the present invention does not design hardware wave trap, but uses software approach to design 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filters, and simplicity of design, cost is low, and can not drift about in time, with the obvious advantage.
Fig. 5 shows the design principle figure of electrocardio band filter in the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, its structure is identical with surface myoelectric band filter, physiology's effective frequency range unlike electrocardiosignal is 0.05-100Hz, it is identical with electromyographic signal wave filter that the present invention designs bandpass filter structures, but cut-off frequency is designed to 0.05-120Hz, also designs 50Hz digital filter simultaneously and suppress Hz noise.
Apparatus of the present invention volume is little, low in energy consumption, easily portable, can simultaneously collection surface myoelectricity and electrocardiosignal, can arrange the parameter of acquired signal, real-time shows signal and carry out real time signal processing by computer.Except leading line and electrode, all parts are all integrated in same device, use general electrocardio to lead line, and what be integrated with signals collecting and pretreatment unit without the need to customization leads line, improves versatility, the reliability of leading line, ease of use.
In addition, prior art enlarge leadingly part is made a little module, does together with conducting wire; And the present invention does not need customized this conducting wire, only need common cardiac diagnosis lead-line (not containing amplifier, just holding wire).Main purpose of the present invention makes equipment general as far as possible, do not need special customized ancillary equipment, only needs present device and general conducting wire when use.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present invention, be about 10cm × 7cm × 2.5cm by this method home built device volume, can portable use.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. portable cardiac and a surface myoelectric measuring device, it comprises:
Supply module, it is powered for this measuring device;
Signals collecting and pretreatment module, it comprises at least one surface myoelectric passage and electrocardiac channel, for gathering electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal respectively, and is amplified and exports controller module to after filtering; Wherein, described surface myoelectric passage is identical with the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of electrocardiac channel, includes reference circuit, differential amplifier circuit and bandwidth-limited circuit; At least one surface myoelectric passage described and electrocardiac channel all adopt three general cardiac diagnosis lead-lines to be connected with human body, and every bar cardiac diagnosis lead-line is connected with human body by electrocardioelectrode paster, described three general cardiac diagnosis lead-lines comprise two differential input signal lines and reference signal line, described differential input signal line is connected with described differential amplifier circuit input, and described differential amplifier circuit is used for exporting bandwidth-limited circuit to by after the surface electromyogram signal of described differential input signal line input or electrocardiosignal amplification; Described bandwidth-limited circuit exports controller module to after carrying out bandpass filtering to the surface electromyogram signal after amplification or electrocardiosignal; Described reference signal line is connected with described reference circuit, and described reference circuit is connected with described differential amplifier circuit, for reducing common mode disturbances; Described surface myoelectric passage is different by frequency with bandwidth-limited circuit in electrocardiac channel;
Controller module, it amplifies and filtered described electromyographic signal and electrocardiosignal for receiving, and carries out sampling and AD conversion, and store after removing Hz noise according to the sample frequency set; Wherein, described controller module comprises microcontroller minimum system and storage card, the Hz noise in the signal after described microcontroller minimum system adopts 3 rank IIR Butterworth digital notch filtering to remove sampling and AD conversion, and is stored in storage card;
Human-machine interface module, it is for providing the interface of man-machine interaction for user;
Wherein, described differential amplifier circuit comprises prime buffer circuit and difference operational amplifying circuit; Described prime buffer circuit is for improving input impedance and the common mode rejection ratio of described differential amplifier circuit; The amplification of described differential amplifier circuit is determined by two series resistances, and is connected to the input of reference circuit between described two series resistances;
Described reference circuit is made up of voltage follower and reverse amplification circuit; Described voltage follower plays isolation buffer effect, described see-saw circuit is used for being input to human body afterwards by the common mode disturbances in described differential amplifier circuit is anti-phase, and then play the effect suppressing common mode disturbances, for the collection of surface myoelectric and electrocardiosignal provides reference voltage;
Described bandwidth-limited circuit is made up of high pass filter and low pass filter, first described surface electromyogram signal after amplifying or electrocardiosignal filter out low frequency part noise by described high pass filter, then by low pass filter filtering HFS noise; Described high pass filter adopts 1 rank active filter, and low pass filter adopts 3 rank Butterworth active filters.
2. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, in described surface myoelectric passage, bandwidth-limited circuit is 20-500Hz by frequency; In described electrocardiac channel, bandwidth-limited circuit is 0.05-100Hz by frequency.
3. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, described supply module comprises switch, battery case and power conversion chip; Wherein: whether switch is used for controlling to power, battery case is used for power supply, and it is the voltage being applicable to contact panel in microcontroller minimum system and human-machine interface module in described signals collecting and pretreatment module, controller module that power conversion chip is used for the voltage transitions that exported by described battery case.
4. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 1 and surface myoelectric measuring device, it is characterized in that, described human-machine interface module comprises contact panel and computer, and user as required choice for use contact panel or computer and described portable cardiac and surface myoelectric measuring device carries out alternately.
5. portable cardiac as claimed in claim 4 and surface myoelectric measuring device, is characterized in that, described contact panel is connected with described controller module by RS232 serial ports, and described computer is connected with described controller module by USB interface.
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