CN103301241B - Chinese herbal medicine for treating hirudiniasis of aquatic animals and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chinese herbal medicine for treating hirudiniasis of aquatic animals and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103301241B CN103301241B CN201310200416.3A CN201310200416A CN103301241B CN 103301241 B CN103301241 B CN 103301241B CN 201310200416 A CN201310200416 A CN 201310200416A CN 103301241 B CN103301241 B CN 103301241B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine for treating hirudiniasis of aquatic animals. The Chinese herbal medicine is prepared from 7-8 parts of tobacco leaves, 1-2 parts of lime and 0.5-1 part of rheum officinale, and the Chinese herbal medicine is prepared by drying and grinding the tobacco leaves and the rheum officinale, frying the lime and the rheum officinale into red, cooling, adding powder of the tobacco leaves, and uniformly mixing. The Chinese herbal medicine for treating hirudiniasis is high in rate of expelling and rate of completely expelling parasitic leeches in aquatic animals, and is favorable for bitten or parasitism skin wound healing, difficult to result in secondary infection and high in disease eel survival rate. In addition, the Chinese herbal medicine is suitable for breeding pollution-free aquatic products and environmentally-friendly aquatic products, free from medicine residue risk, cheap and easily available in medicine, simple and convenient to use, rapid in efficacy exertion, high in safety, and easily acceptable to basic fishermen; the Chinese herbal medicine, popularized in large area, can be used for remarkably reducing the economic loss caused by the hirudiniasis; the preparation method is simple, and is adaptive to the demand of large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Hirudo claims again Hirudo, is a class animal of Annelida Hirudinea.In recent years, fast development along with China's culture fishery, the harm of hirudiniasis is on the rise, especially in the high density of the aquatic animals such as Monopterus albus (Zuiew), testudinate, batrachia, intensive culture, Hirudo is easy to amount reproduction, attack after parasitic aquatic animal body surface, biting sucks blood can make lose blood death or cause secondary infection and mortality of aquaculture organism.At present, the aquaculture object of Hirudo invasion and attack harm mainly contains Monopterus albus (Zuiew), Misgurni anguillicaudati, bull frog, U.S. Rana nigromaculata, Ranaspinosa David., Testudinis, Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) etc., wherein with Monopterus albus (Zuiew), batrachia and Tinea Ranae thereof etc., body surface is euangiotic without squama aquatic animal, is injured seriously especially, and the terrapin hirudiniasis of artificial cultivation also has a lot of reports.
At present, in aquaculture production, the control medicine to hirudiniasis mainly contains metrifonate, copper sulfate, malachite green oxalate etc.Malachite green oxalate, because toxicity is large, the residual height of medicine, has now been listed in aquaculture forbidden drugs.Metrifonate 2000 mg/L aqueous solution dipping baths 10～15 minutes or copper sulfate 10 mg/L aqueous solution dipping baths can be treated hirudiniasis in 5～10 minutes, but because Monopterus albus (Zuiew), Misgurni anguillicaudati, batrachia and Tinea Ranae thereof etc. are without squama aquatic animal is strong to the drug susceptibility of metrifonate, copper sulfate, stress is large, the concentration of medicine and dipping bath time need accurately to grasp, careless slightly ill cultivated animals mortality rate is very high, and the residual risk of medicine is also very large.Therefore, dip bath processes treatment hirudiniasis large-scale cultivation is difficult to promote.At present, there is not yet a kind of Chinese herbal medicine report of safe and efficient treatment aquatic animal hirudiniasis.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide Chinese herbal medicine of the treatment aquatic animal hirudiniasis that a kind of using method is easy, drug effect is fast, safe and preparation method thereof.
The Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis of the present invention is to be made by the crude drug of following weight portion: Nicotiana tabacum L. 7-8 part, Calx 1-2 part, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 0.5-1 part, and Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei be dry, pulverizing first, again Calx is become after redness with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei parch, cooling, add tobacco slag, mix homogeneously.
The Chinese herbal medicine preparation method for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis of the present invention is as follows:
1, by after crude drug Nicotiana tabacum L., large ecliptic longitude sun dehydration, pulverize the order into 10-20;
2,, by after lime pulverizing, 2 parts, Calx, 1 part of rhei,rhizoma pulveratum, enter a pot parch and become after redness by weight, cooling standby;
3, powder step 2 being made adds tobacco slag, and mix homogeneously is made stock of drugs after sealing pack.
The Chinese herbal medicine using method for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis of the present invention is as follows:
1, medicinal liquid dip bath processes
Step 1: get the Chinese herbal medicine that the present invention makes and add 15-20 times of water gaging heated and boiled after 10 minutes, cooling standby; Or above water soakings of 90 ℃ of temperature of doubly measuring with 10-15 12 hours;
Step 2: by step 1 medical filtration, get filtered juice; Filtering residue adds certain water gaging again, after fully stirring, filters, and gets filtered juice, and this process repeats 2-3 time; Merge filtered juice, water and medicine, by weight calculating, are mixed with 500-700 g/m
3medicinal liquid, stir rear standby;
Step 3: trouble hirudiniasis cultivated animals is put into gained medicinal liquid and embathes 15-20 minute, during should use miniature aerator oxygen supplement, more than guaranteeing in medicinal liquid that dissolved oxygen reaches 5mg/l, fluid temperature and cultivated animals pond water temperature deviation are in 2 ℃;
Step 4: the cultivated animals by step 3 after trouble medicinal liquid embathes cultivates separately after picking out hypodynamic individuality badly wounded, alive, and all the other directly put into the pond culture after sterilization.
2, full pool spilling head method
Step 1: get the Chinese herbal medicine that the present invention makes and add 15-20 times of water gaging heated and boiled after 10 minutes, cooling standby; Or above water soakings of 90 ℃ of temperature of doubly measuring with 10-15 12 hours;
Step 2: step 1 medicinal liquid is added to certain water gaging again, after fully stirring, connect slag band juice to the cultivating pool full pool spilling head that hirudiniasis occurs, depending on cultivated animals kind difference and the hirudiniasis order of severity, dosage is 50-100 g/m
3.
Step 3: the cultivated animals body of hirudiniasis is suffered from inferior daily inspection, as also have a small amount of Hirudo survival, can be by 25-50 g/m
3the consumption medicinal liquid of splashing again a time, is used in conjunction 2-3 days.
Points for attention: 1, administrated method, depending on cultivated animals Hirudo gradient of infection, can drug of choice immersion be bathed method during Hirudo severe infections, slightly infect or full pool spilling head method is generally used in prevention; 2, the 12-24 hour that should stop eating before and after treatment; 3, for low-grade infection full pool spilling head medicinal liquid, can cure for 1 time, moderate or severe infection can be cured with 1-3 days continuously; 4, after full pool spilling head, should drive aerator.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine that is used for the treatment of hirudiniasis, for the Hirudo expeling rate of aquatic animal body parasitism, to drive clean rate high, and is conducive to bite parasitic skin wound healing, is difficult for occurring secondary infection, and sick Chinese yellow eel survival rate improves.In addition, this medicine meets NY/T 755 < < pollution-free food fisheries drug usage criteria > > and NY 5071 < < pollution-free food drugs used in aquiculture usage criteria > >, can be used for the cultivation of nuisanceless aquatic products and green aquatic product, no drug residue risk.Medicine of the present invention is cheap and easy to get, and using method is easy, and drug effect is fast, safe, is easy to be accepted by the fisherman of basic unit, and spread can significantly reduce the economic loss causing because of this disease; Its preparation method is simple, is applicable to the needs that large-scale industrial is produced.
The Chinese herbal medicine test report for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis of the present invention:
1, drug safety test
By acute toxicity test, drawn 24 hours half lethal concentrations and the safe concentration of Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention, more as shown in table 1 with the safety of hirudiniasis common medicine.Data analysis can draw, the full pool spilling head concentration of Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention is less than safe concentration, dipping bath concentration and safe concentration ratio are: metrifonate > copper sulfate > Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention, shows to apply the safe in metrifonate, copper sulfate of Chinese herbal treatment hirudiniasis of the present invention.
24 hours half lethal concentrations, safe concentration and working concentrations of table 1 Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention and metrifonate, copper sulfate
2, indoor drug test
In test chamber, every group of 10 of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) of getting infection hirudiniasis carried out drug effectiveness test, sets up drug test group, positive controls, blank group separately, and every group 3 is repeated.Result is as table 2, deworming rates and drive clean rate and calculated by following formula.Test shows, medicinal liquid immersion method method or the therapy of splashing all can effectively be treated hirudiniasis, deworming rates, drives clean rate and all can reach 100%.
The indoor drug test result of table 2 Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention
*: after dipping bath, 1h, 24h check, add up residual polypide number and residual polypide number of animals.
#: adopt the method for the treatment of splashing for three days on end, respectively at 0h, 24h, 48h prescribe medicine, 24h, 48h, 72h check after splashing for the first time, add up residual polypide number and residual polypide number of animals.
3, Clinical Treatment Test
To Monopterus albus (Zuiew), U.S. Rana nigromaculata (and Tinea Ranae), 3 kinds of cultivated animals of Ranaspinosa David. (and Tinea Ranae), clinical drug therapy test has been carried out in 87 mouthfuls of ill ponds (or net cage).According to the Hirudo infection order of severity and cultivated animals, whether be convenient to the concentrated water outlet of fishing for, drug of choice immersion is bathed therapy or full pool spilling head therapy.Efficacy assessment standard is that deworming rates more than 85% is being effective, and 60%-85% is effective.Case quantity and clinical observation statistical result, as table 3, are calculated effective percentage (%) by following formula.
Table 3 Chinese herbal medicine Clinical Treatment Test of the present invention result
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of the first step, medicine: get 1.4 parts, 7.9 parts, medical material Nicotiana tabacum L., Calx, 0.7 part of the Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei of following parts by weight, Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei be dry, pulverizing first, then Calx is become after redness with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei parch, cooling, adds tobacco slag, mix homogeneously.
Second step, Chinese herbal treatment Monopterus albus (Zuiew) hirudiniasis of the present invention: medicinal liquid dip bath processes, fish for to concentrate and suffer from hirudiniasis Monopterus albus (Zuiew), use 500-700 g/m
3medicinal liquid embathes 15-20 minute; Or employing full pool spilling head method, 50-100 g/m
3splash the cultivating pool of hirudiniasis occurs, depending on the hirudiniasis order of severity, can be used in conjunction 2-3 days (dosage reduces by half).
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of the first step, medicine: get 1.4 parts, 7.9 parts, medical material Nicotiana tabacum L., Calx, 0.7 part of the Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei of following parts by weight, Nicotiana tabacum L., Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei be dry, pulverizing first, then Calx is become after redness with Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei parch, cooling, adds tobacco slag, mix homogeneously.
Second step, Chinese herbal treatment of the present invention U.S. Rana nigromaculata hirudiniasis: medicinal liquid dip bath processes, fish for to concentrate and suffer from hirudiniasis Tinea Ranae (or froglet), use 500-700 g/m
3medicinal liquid embathes 15-20 minute; Or employing full pool spilling head method, 50-100 g/m
3splash the cultivating pool of hirudiniasis occurs, depending on the hirudiniasis order of severity, can be used in conjunction 2-3 days (dosage reduces by half).
Claims (2)
1. treat a Chinese herbal medicine for aquatic animal hirudiniasis, it is to be made by the crude drug of following parts by weight: Nicotiana tabacum L. 7-8 part, Calx 1-2 part, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 0.5-1 part.
2. the Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of aquatic animal hirudiniasis according to claim 1, its preparation method is: (1), by after crude drug Nicotiana tabacum L., large ecliptic longitude sun dehydration, pulverize the order into 10-20; (2), by after lime pulverizing, 2 parts, Calx, 1 part of rhei,rhizoma pulveratum, enter a pot parch and become after redness by weight, cooling standby; (3), powder that step (2) is made adds tobacco slag, mix homogeneously, makes stock of drugs after sealing pack.
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| CN103301241B true CN103301241B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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| CN105410060A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-23 | 范健身 | Repellent for repelling leeches in rice seedling field |
| CN105493971A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-20 | 范健身 | Method for dispersing leeches in rice seedling field |
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| JPS5821615A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1983-02-08 | Fujisawa Pharmaceut Co Ltd | Preventive remedy for trematodiasis in grass-eating animals |
| CN1091969A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1994-09-14 | 黄永培 | Compound drug for curing fish diseases |
| CN1207031C (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2005-06-22 | 中国科学院华南植物研究所 | Fish medicine for preventing and controlling fish fulminant diseases and preparation process thereof |
| CN101757133A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-06-30 | 贠钦亮 | Powder for treating incised wound |
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