CN103244939B - Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator - Google Patents
Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103244939B CN103244939B CN201310169685.8A CN201310169685A CN103244939B CN 103244939 B CN103244939 B CN 103244939B CN 201310169685 A CN201310169685 A CN 201310169685A CN 103244939 B CN103244939 B CN 103244939B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator which comprises a burner, a hearth, a connecting flue, a superheater, a convection steel pipe economizer, and a chimney. The components are sequentially communicated in a motion direction of hot smoke. The superheater is arranged above the connecting flue. The connecting flue is connected to the rear end of the hearth. The convection steel pipe economizer is arranged above the superheater. Each water-water heat exchanger is in a sleeve spiral reciprocating pipe structure which is disposed on the side of the outside of the hearth for heat exchange. Fed water enters a water feeding pump from a water inlet, is pressured by the water feeding pump, sequentially passes a water pipeline, the water-water heat exchanger, the convection steel pipe economizer, another water-water heat exchanger, a hearth tube bundle, a steam-water separator, the superheater and a steam outlet, and is heated gradually before superheated steam or saturated wet steam is discharged. The superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator special for oilfields is capable of generating both superheated steam and saturated wet steam under subcritical pressure operation conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the special equipment of a kind of petroleum industry heating exploitation underground viscous crude, under the produced superheated steam subcritical pressure service condition that specifically a kind of oil field is special, produce the steam generator of saturated moist steam.
Background technology
The normally moist steam of the common steam generator generation of current domestic and international application, its steam dryness control is within 80%, and reason have employed the only softening water treatment technology removing desalination firmly and not, must retain the salinity of at least 20%, avoid fouling on generator tube inwall, affect safe operation.
Along with deepening continuously of oil-field thick-oil exploitation, the growing needs of current thickened oil recovery New Technologies can not be met by the method for note moist steam.The high round exploitation in the Efficient Development of viscous crude and later stage mainly relies on the steam latent heat of vaporization to heat crude oil, so the water in steam not only has no to help to production, can increase on the contrary and occupy formation pore volume, make Produced Liquid moisture content increase, heavy oil production reduction.
It is effective solution to the problems described above that superheated steam is injected in employing in oil well.Utilize the superheated steam of certain pressure or wet saturated steam to inject oil well, the viscous crude in heating oil reservoir, to reduce its viscosity, strengthens mobility, thus effectively exploits out by viscous crude.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator, it is the steam generator producing saturated moist steam under special the produced superheated steam subcritical pressure service condition in a kind of oil field.Because the borehole pressure of different oil well is different, run under realizing various working of the present invention by regulating the method for feed pump feed pressure, when oil well pressure is not more than 18MPa, steam generator produces superheated steam; And oil well pressure more than 18MPa and not higher than 21MPa time, steam generator runs generation saturated vapor in the saturated condition.Use this equipment both can produce superheated steam, also the mass dryness fraction can produced under subcritical pressure boiler is no more than the saturated moist steam of 80%, efficiently solve superheated steam generator and be combined with subcritical pressure boiler steam generator the difficult problem run, meet the multi-functional demand of this equipment.
The object of the invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator, it comprises: the tube bank of burner hearth, convection type steel tube economizer, superheater, water-water heat exchanger, steam-water separator, burner, feed pump, chimney, connection flue, water pipeline, burner hearth, the tube bank of convection type steel tube economizer, superheater bank, feed-water intake, steam (vapor) outlet; Burner, burner hearth, connection flue, superheater, convection type steel tube economizer, chimney are communicated with successively along the heat smoke direction of motion; Periphery in burner hearth is provided with burner hearth tube bank; The tube bank of convection type steel tube economizer is provided with in convection type steel tube economizer; Superheater bank is provided with in superheater; Superheater is located at the top connecting flue, connects flue and connects burner hearth rear end; Convection type steel tube economizer is located at the top of superheater, and water-water heat exchanger is the side that the structure of the snakelike reciprocation pipe of barrel forms is placed in burner hearth outside, carries out heat exchange; Feedwater enters feed pump from feed-water intake, after feed pump pressurization, successively through water pipeline, water-water heat exchanger, convection type steel tube economizer, water-water heat exchanger, burner hearth tube bank, steam-water separator, superheater to steam (vapor) outlet, progressively by heat temperature raising, export superheated steam or saturated moist steam.
Described burner hearth is horizontal straight flow structure, and adopt cylindrical steel shell body, inwall is lined with aluminosilicate refractory fiber, and tail end is provided with the connection flue of square top and round bottom; Burner hearth tube bank is back and forth arranged in columnar structured for single loop straight tube is snakelike; Between the pipe center line of burner hearth tube bank and furnace wall, optimum distance is 100mm; Burner hearth tube bank, along the longitudinally snakelike arrangement of burner hearth body of wall inwall, forms a set of Water, steam circulation; Furnace outlet is communicated with the steam (vapor) outlet and the drain that arrange valve.The rectangular configuration that the superheater bank of described superheater is made up of single light pipe horizontal reciprocating, is positioned at the high-temperature flue gas region at furnace outlet place.The convection type steel tube economizer of described convection type steel tube economizer restrains the trapezium structure be made up of single finned tube horizontal reciprocating, is positioned at flue gas low-temperature region.Described steam-water separator is a spherical container, inside arranges multiple independently cyclone separator, is provided with louver separator on cyclone separator top and steam outlet, is secondary separate component.It also comprises: fuel gas inlet, fuel filler, oil heater, electric heater, and burner is communicated with fuel gas inlet and fuel filler; Fuel line is provided with oil heater and electric heater.It also comprises: air blast, air compressor machine, atomization separator, switch board, feed pump sledge seat, switch board sledge seat, burner hearth sledge seat, connection flue and steam-water separator sledge seat; Armamentarium is divided into several module, is assembled in respectively on several sledge seat, is connected and fixed between each module with bolt with modular form; Feed pump, air-compressor set are contained on feed pump sledge seat, switch board is assembled on switch board sledge seat, burner hearth, air blast, atomization separator, water-water heat exchanger are assembled on burner hearth sledge seat, and connection flue, superheater, convection type steel tube economizer, chimney, steam-water separator are assembled in and connect on flue and steam-water separator sledge seat; Burner hearth lies in a horizontal plane on burner hearth sledge seat, connects the adjacent burner hearth rear end of flue, and superheater, convection type steel tube economizer, chimney are successively set on and connect flue top, are connected and fixed between each module with bolt.Regulate the feed pressure of feed pump, when pressure is not more than 18MPa, steam generator produces superheated steam; When pressure is not more than 18MPa and higher than 21MPa, steam generator runs generation saturated vapor in the saturated condition.It also comprises switch board, and switch board is made up of programmable controller and touch-screen.Feedwater enters the cold water inlet of water-water heat exchanger through feed pump, flowed out by cooling water outlet, enter the tube bank of convection type steel tube economizer, hot water after restraining heating by convection type steel tube economizer is entered by the hot water inlet of water-water heat exchanger, flowed out by hot water outlet, enter burner hearth tube bank, cold water is at the outer Bottomhole pressure of sleeve pipe, and hot water flows round about in the inner tube of sleeve pipe.
The present invention has following advantage and good effect:
1. the saturated moist steam process separation of forced circulation boiler generation is by dry saturated steam after heat, avoids heat affected zone and analyses salt;
2., after the dry saturated steam of the high degree of superheat is mixed by steam heater with isolated brackish water again, obtain the steam of the high enthalpy being still superheat state, drastically increase heat utilization rate;
3. realize zero blowdown during superheat state;
4. the control technology of advanced person can realize boiler flow and outlet temperature and keeps constant, and intelligent level is high.
After heavy oil development adopts superheated steam send in and out, output can increase by 3 ~ 8 times, and thick oil recovery ratio significantly improves.Meanwhile, when oil well pressure is not more than 18MPa and higher than 21MPa, evaporimeter still can continue to run generation saturated vapor in the saturated condition, produces under realizing multi-state, and this is the feature not available for common superheated steam generator.
Use this equipment that client can be made to save large number quipments purchase cost, also the utilization rate of note well steam and the recovery ratio of viscous crude is improved, reduce the operating cost of steam generator, adapt to the outer novel oil production technology of the Now Domestics such as domestic and international oilfield horizontal well, steam flooding, SAGD to the requirements at the higher level of thermal recovery equipment.
Important technological parameters of the present invention:
Model: YZG23-18/375-D
Rated capacity: 23t/h
Operating pressure: 18MPa, 21MPa
Vapor (steam) temperature: 375 DEG C, 370 DEG C
The degree of superheat: 18 DEG C ,-
Steam quality :-,≤80%
Fuel: heavy oil, natural gas
Control mode: PLC+ touch-screen
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is looked on Fig. 1 left side of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 schematic top plan view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 schematic rear view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is workflow schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is burner hearth of the present invention tube bank schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that schematic diagram is looked on Fig. 6 burner hearth tube bank left side;
Fig. 8 is superheater bank schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is that schematic diagram is looked on Fig. 8 superheater bank left side;
Figure 10 is convection type steel tube economizer of the present invention tube bank schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is that schematic diagram is looked on Figure 10 convection type steel tube economizer tube bank left side;
Figure 12 is steam-water separator schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 13 is water-water heat exchanger schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 14 is louver separator schematic diagram in steam-water separator of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
In figure, drawing reference numeral is as follows: feed pump 1, switch board 2, burner 3, burner hearth 4, convection type steel tube economizer 5, superheater 6, connection flue 7, water-water heat exchanger 8, pipeline 9, steam-water separator 10, air channel 11, feed pump sledge seat 12, chimney 13, switch board sledge seat 14, air blast 15, coaster 16, ladder landing platform 17, air compressor machine 18, oil heater 19, electric heater 20, atomization separator 21, burner hearth sledge seat 22, connection flue and steam-water separator sledge seat 23, burner hearth tube bank 401, convection type steel tube economizer tube bank 501, superheater bank 601, feed-water intake 901, steam (vapor) outlet 902, Imported gas 903, sampling cooling water inlet 904, cold water inlet 801, cooling water outlet 802, hot water inlet 803, hot water outlet 804, separator exterior tubing sewage draining exit 905, drain 906, separator sewage draining exit 907, backwash mouth 908, sampling coolant outlet 909, oil-in 910, oil return opening 911, hot water deoxygenation is for steam ports 912, steam heating mouth 913, pump relief valve floss hole 914, dry saturated steam outlet 1001, saturation water outlet 1002, saturated vapor entrance 1003, louver separator 1004.
As shown in the figure: a kind of superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator, it comprises: burner hearth 4, convection type steel tube economizer 5, superheater 6, water-water heat exchanger 8, steam-water separator 10, burner 3, feed pump 1, chimney 13, connection flue 7, water pipeline 9, burner hearth tube bank 401, convection type steel tube economizer tube bank 501, superheater bank 601, feed-water intake 901, steam (vapor) outlet 902; Burner 3, burner hearth 4, connection flue 7, superheater 6, convection type steel tube economizer 5, chimney 13 are communicated with successively along the heat smoke direction of motion; Periphery in burner hearth 4 is provided with burner hearth tube bank 401; Convection type steel tube economizer tube bank 501 is provided with in convection type steel tube economizer 5; Superheater bank 601 is provided with in superheater 6; Superheater 6 is located at the top connecting flue 7, connects flue 7 and connects burner hearth 4 rear end; Convection type steel tube economizer 5 is located at the top of superheater 6, and water-water heat exchanger 8 is the side that the structure of the snakelike reciprocation pipe of barrel forms is placed in burner hearth 4 outside, carries out heat exchange; Water-water heat exchanger 8 is mainly used to improve the inlet temperature of economizer 5, makes inlet water temperature higher than the dew-point temperature of flue gas, thus avoids the steam in flue gas to condense on economizer 5 finned tube and cause the cold end corrosion of pipe; Feedwater enters feed pump 1 from feed-water intake 901, after feed pump 1 pressurizes, successively through water pipeline 9, water-water heat exchanger 8, convection type steel tube economizer 5, water-water heat exchanger 8, burner hearth tube bank 401, steam-water separator 10, superheater 6 to steam (vapor) outlet 902, progressively by heat temperature raising, export superheated steam or saturated moist steam.
Described burner hearth 4 is horizontal straight flow structure, and adopt cylindrical steel shell body, inwall is lined with aluminosilicate refractory fiber, and tail end is provided with the connection flue 7 of square top and round bottom; Burner hearth tube bank 401 is back and forth arranged in columnar structured for single loop straight tube is snakelike; Between the pipe center line of burner hearth tube bank 401 and furnace wall, optimum distance is 100mm; Consider the heat transfer of heating surface, safe operation and burner 3 maximum flame during design and regulate size, make flame and burner hearth restrain 401 and do not produce the situations such as welt phenomenon, adopt optimum distance between burner hearth tube bank 401 and furnace wall, this determines according to direct radiation-absorbing is warm and reflected radiation is hot; Burner hearth tube bank 401, along the longitudinally snakelike arrangement of burner hearth body of wall inwall, forms a set of Water, steam circulation; Its thermal efficiency is high, good heat radiation effect; Burner hearth 4 outlet arranges steam (vapor) outlet 902 and the drain 906 of valve.
The rectangular configuration that the superheater bank 601 of described superheater 6 is made up of single light pipe horizontal reciprocating, is positioned at the high-temperature flue gas region in burner hearth 4 exit; Its function is that dry saturated steam is continued heat temperature raising.
The convection type steel tube economizer of described convection type steel tube economizer 5 restrains 501 trapezium structures be made up of single finned tube horizontal reciprocating, is positioned at flue gas low-temperature region; Its function is reduced further flue-gas temperature, improves the thermal efficiency.
Described steam-water separator 10 is spherical containers, inside arranges multiple independently cyclone separator, is provided with louver separator 1004 on cyclone separator top and steam outlet, is secondary separate component; Can fine liquid particles further in separate vapour, its separative efficiency, up to more than 99%, meets the requirement of superheater to steam quality.
It also comprises: fuel gas inlet 903, fuel filler 910, oil heater 19, electric heater 20, and burner 3 is communicated with fuel gas inlet 903 and fuel filler 910; Fuel line is provided with oil heater 19 and electric heater 20.
It also comprises: air blast 15, air compressor machine 18, atomization separator 21, switch board 2, feed pump sledge seat 12, switch board sledge seat 14, burner hearth sledge seat 22, connection flue and steam-water separator sledge seat 23; Armamentarium is divided into several module, is assembled in respectively on several sledge seat, is connected and fixed between each module with bolt with modular form; Feed pump 1, air compressor machine 18 are assembled on feed pump sledge seat 12, switch board 2 is assembled on switch board sledge seat 14, burner hearth 4, air blast 15, atomization separator 21, water-water heat exchanger 8 are assembled on burner hearth sledge seat 22, and connection flue 7, superheater 6, convection type steel tube economizer 5, chimney 13, steam-water separator 10 are assembled in and connect on flue and steam-water separator sledge seat 23; Burner hearth 4 lies in a horizontal plane on burner hearth sledge seat 22, connects flue 7 adjacent burner hearth 4 rear end, and superheater 6, convection type steel tube economizer 5, chimney 13 are successively set on and connect flue 7 top, are connected and fixed between each module with bolt; So both reduce body of heater length, facilitate again split to transport, field module is assembled.
Because the borehole pressure of different oil well is different, run under realizing various working of the present invention by regulating the method for feed pump feed pressure.Regulate the feed pressure of feed pump 1, when pressure is not more than 18MPa, steam generator produces superheated steam; When pressure is not more than 18MPa and higher than 21MPa, steam generator runs generation saturated vapor in the saturated condition.
This steam generator is summarised as: five parts, i.e. burner hearth 4, water-water-to-water heat exchanger 8, superheater 6, convection type steel tube economizer 5, steam-water separator 10; Three systems, i.e. water-steam systems; Combustion system, robot control system(RCS); Combustion system comprises again: burner 3, fuel line, burning line.
Described water-steam system: refer to from the vapor channel between feed-water intake 901 to steam (vapor) outlet 902, the flow system be made up of burner hearth tube bank 401, convection type steel tube economizer tube bank 501, superheater bank 601, steam-water separator 10 and its scope interior conduit 9, as shown in flow chart 5, it is the main pressurized assembly of generator.Feedwater enters the cold water inlet 801 of water-water heat exchanger 8 through feed pump 1, flowed out by cooling water outlet 802, enter convection type steel tube economizer tube bank 501, hot water after restraining 501 heating by convection type steel tube economizer is entered by the hot water inlet 803 of water-water heat exchanger 8, flowed out by hot water outlet 804, enter burner hearth tube bank 401, cold water is at the outer Bottomhole pressure of sleeve pipe, and hot water flows round about in the inner tube of sleeve pipe.
Described combustion system: be made up of burner 3, burner hearth 4, connection flue 7, chimney 13 etc.Connect flue 7 and be provided with the warm galvanic couple of cigarette.
Described robot control system(RCS): comprise switch board 2, is made up of programmable controller and touch-screen.
Claims (7)
1. a superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator, it comprises: burner hearth (4), convection type steel tube economizer (5), superheater (6), water-water heat exchanger (8), steam-water separator (10), burner (3), feed pump (1), chimney (13), connection flue (7), water pipeline (9), burner hearth tube bank (401), the tube bank of convection type steel tube economizer (501), superheater bank (601), feed-water intake (901), steam (vapor) outlet (902); It is characterized in that: burner (3), burner hearth (4), connection flue (7), superheater (6), convection type steel tube economizer (5), chimney (13) are communicated with successively along the heat smoke direction of motion; Periphery in burner hearth (4) is provided with burner hearth tube bank (401); Convection type steel tube economizer tube bank (501) is provided with in convection type steel tube economizer (5); Superheater bank (601) is provided with in superheater (6); Superheater (6) is located at the top connecting flue (7), connects flue (7) and connects burner hearth (4) rear end; Convection type steel tube economizer (5) is located at the top of superheater (6), and the structure of the snakelike reciprocation pipe that water-water heat exchanger (8) is barrel forms is placed in the outside side of burner hearth (4), carries out heat exchange; Feedwater enters feed pump (1) from feed-water intake (901), after feed pump (1) pressurization, (401), steam-water separator (10), superheater (6) is restrained to steam (vapor) outlet (902) successively through water pipeline (9), water-water heat exchanger (8), convection type steel tube economizer (5), water-water heat exchanger (8), burner hearth, progressively by heat temperature raising, export superheated steam or saturated moist steam;
Described burner hearth (4) is horizontal straight flow structure, and adopt cylindrical steel shell body, inwall is lined with aluminosilicate refractory fiber, and tail end is provided with the connection flue (7) of square top and round bottom; Burner hearth tube bank (401) is back and forth arranged in columnar structured for single loop straight tube is snakelike; Between the pipe center line of burner hearth tube bank (401) and furnace wall, optimum distance is 100mm; Burner hearth tube bank (401), along the longitudinally snakelike arrangement of burner hearth body of wall inwall, forms a set of Water, steam circulation; Burner hearth (4) outlet arranges steam (vapor) outlet (902) and the drain (906) of valve;
It also comprises: air blast (15), air compressor machine (18), atomization separator (21), switch board (2), feed pump sledge seat (12), switch board sledge seat (14), burner hearth sledge seat (22), connection flue and steam-water separator sledge seat (23); Armamentarium is divided into several module, is assembled in respectively on several sledge seat, is connected and fixed between each module with bolt with modular form; Feed pump (1), air compressor machine (18) are assembled on feed pump sledge seat (12), switch board (2) is assembled on switch board sledge seat (14), burner hearth (4), air blast (15), atomization separator (21), water-water heat exchanger (8) are assembled on burner hearth sledge seat (22), and connection flue (7), superheater (6), convection type steel tube economizer (5), chimney (13), steam-water separator (10) are assembled in and connect on flue and steam-water separator sledge seat (23); Burner hearth (4) lies in a horizontal plane on burner hearth sledge seat (22), connect flue (7) adjacent burner hearth (4) rear end, superheater (6), convection type steel tube economizer (5), chimney (13) are successively set on and connect flue (7) top, are connected and fixed between each module with bolt;
Regulate the feed pressure of feed pump (1), when pressure is not more than 18MPa, steam generator produces superheated steam; When pressure is not more than 18MPa and higher than 21MPa, steam generator runs generation saturated vapor in the saturated condition.
2. superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rectangular configuration that the superheater bank (601) of described superheater (6) is made up of single light pipe horizontal reciprocating, be positioned at the high-temperature flue gas region in burner hearth (4) exit.
3. superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the trapezium structure that the convection type steel tube economizer of described convection type steel tube economizer (5) tube bank (501) is made up of single finned tube horizontal reciprocating, be positioned at flue gas low-temperature region.
4. superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described steam-water separator (10) is a spherical container, multiple independently cyclone separator is inside set, being provided with louver separator (1004) on cyclone separator top and steam outlet, is secondary separate component.
5. superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it also comprises: fuel gas inlet (903), fuel filler (910), oil heater (19), electric heater (20), burner (3) is communicated with fuel gas inlet (903) and fuel filler (910); Fuel line is provided with oil heater (19) and electric heater (20).
6. superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it also comprises switch board (2), and switch board (2) is made up of programmable controller and touch-screen.
7. a kind of superheated steam subcritical pressure steam generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: feed water and enter the cold water inlet (801) of water-water heat exchanger (8) through feed pump (1), flowed out by cooling water outlet (802), enter convection type steel tube economizer tube bank (501), hot water after restraining (501) heating by convection type steel tube economizer is entered by the hot water inlet (803) of water-water heat exchanger (8), flowed out by hot water outlet (804), enter burner hearth tube bank (401), cold water is at the outer Bottomhole pressure of sleeve pipe, hot water flows round about in the inner tube of sleeve pipe.
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| CN201310169685.8A CN103244939B (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator |
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| CN201310169685.8A CN103244939B (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator |
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| CN103244939B true CN103244939B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| CN106524104A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-22 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Furnace hearth split large-tonnage fixed type superheated steam generator |
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| CN102537923A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Light tube and container type special steam generator specially for oilfields |
| CN203478180U (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB377096A (en) * | 1932-01-08 | 1932-07-21 | Babcock & Wilcox Ltd | Improvements in steam generating systems |
| JPH08285204A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1996-11-01 | Toshiba Eng Co Ltd | Forced circulation type electric heating water tube boiler |
| CN101140061A (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-03-12 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Subcritical pressure pouring boiler furnace |
| CN101298911A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-11-05 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Overheat steam injection boiler |
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| CN203478180U (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气第八建设有限公司 | Superheated steam and subcritical pressure steam generator |
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