CN103232272A - Composite organic microbial fertilizer and preparation method for same - Google Patents
Composite organic microbial fertilizer and preparation method for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103232272A CN103232272A CN2013101679208A CN201310167920A CN103232272A CN 103232272 A CN103232272 A CN 103232272A CN 2013101679208 A CN2013101679208 A CN 2013101679208A CN 201310167920 A CN201310167920 A CN 201310167920A CN 103232272 A CN103232272 A CN 103232272A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite organic microbial fertilizer and a preparation method for the same. The composite organic microbial fertilizer comprises 5-30 parts by weight of humic acid, 10-30 parts by weight of crop straw carbon or 20-30 parts by weight of rice husk meal, and 10-30 parts by weight of animal waste. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: crushing the crop straw carbon or rice husk meal to be 80-100 meshes, crushing the humic acid to be 80-100 meshes, and drying and sterilizing the animal waste by heating, and mixing the materials in the proportioning ratio aforementioned, and using the mixture as a carrier material for the future use; and taking 3-5 parts by weight of mixed biological agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed biological agent with 800-900 parts by weight of the standby carrier material, adjusting the humidity to be 20-30%, placing in a pit and hermetically fermenting for 48-60 hours at a temperature of 10-50 DEG C, taking out and granulating under a water content of less than 18%. The fertilizer is remarkable in the effects of suppressing soil-borne disease and promoting growth on continuous cropping fields of facility strawberry and the like, and achieves a yield increasing rate of 10-30%; and blossoming and fruit yielding are advanced, and the yield increasing rate achieves 10-30%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production technique of a kind of fertilizer and fertilizer, i.e. a kind of compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer and manufacture method.
Background technology
Biological effect on agricultural is familiar with by people gradually.Now existing more than 70 individual countries produce, use and promote microbial fertilizer in the world, and China also has the about few hundred thousand tonnes of microbial fertilizer of 250 tame enterprises' annual outputs to be applied to produce at present.Though this with the same period fertilizer production can not compare with consumption, really begun in agriculture production, to play a role, obtained certain economic benefits and social effect, begun to take shape the regular suitability for industrialized production stage.Along with research deeply and the needs of using constantly enlarge the exploitation of new variety, microbial fertilizer now forms (1) and is transformed to non-leguminous crop fertilizer by the leguminous crop Inoculant; (2) transformed to composite biological fertilizer by single Inoculant; (3) transformed to composite bacteria by single culture; (4) by simple function to multi-functional conversion; (5) by trend such as brood cell's bacterial classification production conversion are arranged to usefulness with the production of no brood cell's bacterial classification.Moreover, over nearly 20 years, many countries more recognize microbial fertilizer as the microbial preparation of living, and whether vigorous its beneficial microorganism quantity and vital movement be is the key of quality, is one of key of effect quality.For this reason, now existing many countries have set up industry or national standard and corresponding mechanism to check the quality of the products.China has also formulated Ministry of Agriculture's standard and has set up microbial quality inspection center, and formally the microorganism fertilizer material products has been carried out work such as product registration, detection and granting production licence in 1996.
In recent years, China had strengthened the research dynamics under the microbial fertilizer development situation.Believe the progress along with science, research and the needs of production development and supervisory system perfect, microbial fertilizer one develops surely healthy and orderlyly, is its due effect of performance that gets agricultural profit, and prospect will be very wide.
Microbial fertilizer is live body fertilizer, and its effect is mainly finished by a large amount of beneficial microorganism vital movements that it contains.Have only these beneficial microorganisms of working as to be under vigorous breeding and the metabolic situation, material transforms and useful meta-bolites could constantly form.Therefore, whether beneficial microorganism kind in the microbial fertilizer, vital movement be vigorous is the basis of its validity, and is based on the form of principal elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and what unlike other fertilizer.Just because of microbial fertilizer is the preparation of living, so its fertilizer efficiency and number of viable, intensity and ambient environmental conditions are closely related, comprise temperature, moisture, potential of hydrogen, nutritional condition and formerly live in that the indigenous microorganism repulsive interaction has certain influence in the soil, therefore when using, will be noted.
Along with improving constantly of living standards of the people, especially people come production safety, non-harmful green food in develop actively green agriculture (ecological Organic farming) both at home and abroad to the requirement that quality of life improves.Requirement need not or be lacked with (or the use of limiting the quantity of) chemical fertilizer, chemical pesticide and other chemical substance as far as possible in the production green food process.It requires fertilizer must at first protect and promote the subject growth and improves quality; Secondly do not cause subject to produce and the accumulation objectionable impurities; The 3rd, ecotope is had no adverse effects.Microbial fertilizer meets above three principles substantially.In recent years, multiple microbial fertilizer is made with the bacterial classification with specific function by China, not only can relax or reduce pollution of agricultural products, and can improve the quality of agricultural-food.
Beneficial microorganism can produce glucide in the microbial fertilizer, can improve soil aggregate, strengthens the physicals of soil and the loss of minimizing soil particle, under certain conditions, can also participate in soil ulmin and form.Can improve soil physical property so use microbial fertilizer, be conducive to increase soil fertility.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer is to utilize biotechnology to produce the agricultural fertilizer that beneficial microorganism is made together with appropriate carriers.Bio-bacterial manure can provide this nutrient for crop by the metabolism of microorganism, improvement crop living environment, even participate in some physiological process of crop, and strengthen resistance, improve product amount and quality.And pollution-free, no residual hazard has a good application prospect., it is single that present bio-bacterial manure exists bacterial classification, and effect is simple, involves great expense, problem such as the big transportation inconvenience of consumption, limited penetration and promotion.As seen, most bio-bacterial manures have only a bacterial classification in patent documentation.The bacterial manure bacterial classification that has is a lot, but support material is difficult to.For example, many is the bacterial manure of carbon source carrier with the coal gangue, and its auxiliary nitrogenous source carrier but is limited with wheat bran, chicken manure etc., and the source seldom is difficult to satisfy the needs of agriculture production.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer and manufacture method thereof at the deficiencies in the prior art.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of manufacture method of compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid 5-30 weight part, agricultural crop straw charcoal 10-30 weight part or rice husk meal 20-30 weight part, animal excrement 10-30 weight part; Agricultural crop straw charcoal or rice husk meal are crushed to the 80-100 order, and humic acid is crushed to the 80-100 order, and the sterilization of animal excrement heating, drying is standby as solid support material by said ratio mixing back; Get 3-5 weight part mixed biologic preparation, with standby solid support material 800-900 weight part mixing and stirring, adjust humidity 20-30%, go into to store the pond sealed fermenting, temperature 10-50 ℃, fermented 48-60 hour, take out 40 ℃ of following water content 18% following granulations.
Described manufacture method, the preparation method of described mixed biologic preparation is: the peat composed of rotten mosses or other carriers that the fermented liquid of fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid and bacillus polymyxa are added 3 times of fermented liquid weight respectively, evenly absorption, then 60 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, make water content control between 3-5%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains subtilis and Acarasiales genus bacillus living spores respectively; Saccharomycetic fermented liquid with the peat composed of rotten mosses of 3 times of fermented liquid weight or other carriers, is evenly adsorbed, then 40 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, make water content control between 8-10%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains spore alive; Get above-mentioned three kinds of microbial inoculum mixings of equivalent weight then respectively, make and contain subtilis, bacillus polymyxa and saccharomycetic mixed biologic preparation.
The bacterial manure that adopts technique scheme to make, the experiment proved that, this bacterial manure has significant inhibition soil-borne disease and promotes the growth effect continuous cropping field such as facility strawberry, and amount of increase in production reaches 10-30%, the early flowering result, amount of increase in production reaches 10-30%, can reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, hormone, avoid chemical pollution, the proterties of improving the soil, improve product quality, make product reach green or organic standard.Particularly adopt rice husk meal and animal excrement crop carrier, further reduced the cost of bacterial manure, for new approach has been opened up in the popularization and application of bacterial manure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: get humic acid (total humic acid is greater than 40%) 5-10 weight part by weight, agricultural crop straw charcoal (agricultural crop straw through incomplete combustion, is made charcoal at the method for cooking with charcoal with stalk) 10-20 weight part, animal excrement 20-30 weight part.The agricultural crop straw powdered carbon is broken to the 80-100 order, and humic acid is crushed to the 80-100 order, and the sterilization of animal excrement heating, drying is standby as solid support material by said ratio mixing back.Get 3-5 weight part mixed biologic preparation, with standby solid support material 800-900 weight part mixing and stirring, adjust humidity 20-30%, go into to store the pond sealed fermenting, temperature 10-50 ℃, fermented 48-60 hour, take out 40 ℃ of following water content 18% following granulations.
Mixed biologic formulation preparation process and method:
1. strains tested: subtilis, bacillus polymyxa, yeast.Subtilis is bought in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, deposit number is CGMCC No.6314, Paenibacillus polymyxa (Bacillus polymyxa) is bought in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, preserving number is CGMCC NO.1.224, and described yeast is commercially available yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae commonly used.
2. for examination substratum LB substratum, PDA substratum.
3. the fermentation of subtilis and bacillus polymyxa
Subtilis and the bacillus polymyxa bacterial strain list bacterium colony that will activate at the LB solid medium respectively, transferring in the volume that 5mL PDA liquid nutrient medium is housed is in the triangular flask of 20mL, shaking culture 16h under 30 ℃, 200rpm condition.With the nutrient solution (10mL) of two bacterial strains of gained of last step, all being inoculated in the volume that 400mL PDA substratum is housed is in the triangular flask of 1000mL, shaking culture 16h under 30 ℃, 200rpm condition.The 400mL nutrient solution of gained is inoculated in the mechanical agitation type fermentor tank that the 20LPDA substratum is housed, fermentation condition is set at: dissolved oxygen 100%, stirring velocity 350rpm, 30 ℃ of leavening temperatures, fermentation time 48h, pH7.0-7.2 (doing the pH regulator agent with 1M HCl and 1M NaOH).After fermentation was reached home, it was standby to collect bacterium liquid.
4. saccharomycetic fermentation
The yeast bacterial strain list bacterium colony that will activate at the PDA solid medium, transferring in the volume that 5mL PDA liquid nutrient medium is housed is in the triangular flask of 20mL, shaking culture 48h under 25 ℃, 140rpm condition.With the nutrient solution (5mL) of gained of last step, all being inoculated in the volume that 400mL PDA substratum is housed is in the triangular flask of 1000mL, shaking culture 48h under 25 ℃, 140rpm condition.The 400mL nutrient solution of gained is inoculated in the mechanical agitation type fermentor tank that the 20LPDA substratum is housed, fermentation condition is set at: dissolved oxygen 80%, stirring velocity 200rpm, 25 ℃ of leavening temperatures, fermentation time 72h, pH7.0-7.2 (doing the pH regulator agent with 1M HCl and 1M NaOH).After fermentation was reached home, it was standby to collect bacterium liquid.
5. the preparation of microbial inoculum
The evenly absorption of the peat composed of rotten mosses (or other carriers) that the fermented liquid of fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid and bacillus polymyxa is added 3 times of fermented liquid weight respectively, then 60 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, make water content control between 3-5%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains the bacteria in viable gemma; With the peat composed of rotten mosses (or other carriers) the evenly absorption of saccharomycetic fermented liquid with 3 times of fermented liquid weight, then 40 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, make water content control between 8-10%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains spore alive.Get above-mentioned three kinds of microbial inoculum mixings of equivalent weight then respectively, make and contain subtilis, bacillus polymyxa and saccharomycetic mixed biologic preparation.
Embodiment 2: get humic acid (total humic acid is greater than 40%) 20-30 part by weight, rice husk meal 20-30 part and ight soil 20-30 part, rice husk meal is crushed to the 80-100 order, and humic acid is crushed to the 80-100 order, the sterilization of animal excrement heating, drying, standby as solid support material by said ratio mixing back.Get 3-5 part mixed biologic preparation (preparation method is with embodiment 1), with standby solid support material 800-900 part mixing and stirring, adjust humidity 20-30%, go into to store the pond sealed fermenting, temperature 10-50 ℃, fermented 45-60 hour, take out 40 ℃ of following water content 18% following granulations.
Embodiment 3: get the stalk charcoal by weight (with agricultural crop straw through incomplete combustion, method for cooking with charcoal is made charcoal with stalk) 20-30 part, humic acid (total humic acid is greater than 40%) 20-30 part and animal excrement 10-20 part, stalk powdered carbon is broken to the 80-100 order, humic acid is crushed to the 80-100 order, the sterilization of animal excrement heating, drying, standby as solid support material by said ratio mixing back.Get 3-5 part mixed biologic preparation, with standby solid support material 800-900 part mixing and stirring, adjust humidity 20-30%, go into to store the pond sealed fermenting, temperature 10-50 ℃, fermented 45-60 hour, take out 40 ℃ of following water content 18% following granulations.
Application example: the red cheek of strawberry cultivars, the one peasant household strawberry continuous cropping field in Jurong City white rabbit town, carry out in the strawberry booth that former years, soil-borne disease weighed, applied every mu of 100 kilograms in cake fertilizer of fermentation in preceding 15 days doing the ridge, 2000 kilograms every mu of fermented manures, 40 kilograms every mu of nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, if test is handled: press embodiment 1,2,3 respectively by 10 kilograms of consumptions of mu, and in field planting preceding 7 days, the ridge face applied bio-bacterial manure of the present invention, do not execute compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer in addition and be contrast, 4 processing, each handles 100 square metres, and secondary repeats altogether, mu field planting 6000 strains, other control measures unanimities.In investigation on January 20 of first inflorescence fruiting period of strawberry verticillium diseased plant rate, grow, situation such as number of results.
Table 1, bacteria agent are to the disease-resistant of strawberry and the effect research that promotes fertility and fruit picking ahead of time
| Handle | Verticillium diseased plant rate % | Preventive effect % | Plant height (cm) | Number of results on January 20 (individual) | Productive life |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.67 | 81％ | 21.56 | 15.65 | December 22 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.04 | 70％ | 24.34 | 16.79 | December 19 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.89 | 74％ | 23.54 | 15.86 | December 20 |
| Conventional fertilizer (CK) | 3，45 | ---- | 18.35 | 11.47 | December 28 |
Table one is found out, compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer is compared with the contrast of not using, to the verticillium preventive effect at 74-81%, plant height increases by 3.21～5.99cm, investigate first inflorescence number of results on December 20 and increase by 4.18～5.32, collection period is done sth. in advance 6～9 days in beginning, therefore has tangible promotion to grow and the effect of early blossoming early bearing, can improve early yield.
2012 in Jurong City white rabbit town the continuous cropping field to the facility strawberry demonstrate for 50 mu, verified that further compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer has significant inhibition soil-borne disease and promotes the growth effect, yield positive results ahead of time more than 5 days, amount of increase in production reaches 10-30%, can reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, hormone, avoid chemical pollution, the proterties of improving the soil, improve product quality, make product reach green or organic standard.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the manufacture method of a compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer is characterized in that, humic acid 5-30 weight part, agricultural crop straw charcoal 10-30 weight part or rice husk meal 20-30 weight part, animal excrement 10-30 weight part; Agricultural crop straw charcoal or rice husk meal are crushed to the 80-100 order, and humic acid is crushed to the 80-100 order, and the sterilization of animal excrement heating, drying is standby as solid support material by said ratio mixing back; Get 3-5 weight part mixed biologic preparation, with standby solid support material 800-900 weight part mixing and stirring, adjust humidity 20-30%, go into to store the pond sealed fermenting, temperature 10-50 ℃, fermented 48-60 hour, take out 40 ℃ of following water content 18% following granulations.
2. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described mixed biologic preparation is: the peat composed of rotten mosses or other carriers that the fermented liquid of fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid and bacillus polymyxa are added 3 times of fermented liquid weight respectively, evenly absorption, then 60 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, and make water content control between 3-5%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains subtilis and bacillus polymyxa living spores respectively; Saccharomycetic fermented liquid with the peat composed of rotten mosses of 3 times of fermented liquid weight or other carriers, is evenly adsorbed, then 40 ℃ of oven dry down, and measure water content in good time, make water content control between 8-10%, be prepared into the microbial inoculum that contains spore alive; Get above-mentioned three kinds of microbial inoculum mixings of equivalent weight then respectively, make and contain subtilis, bacillus polymyxa and saccharomycetic mixed biologic preparation.
3. compound organic microbial-bacterial fertilizer of manufacture method according to claim 1 and 2 preparation.
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| CN104193536A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Charcoal-based stable compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104230586A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-24 | 合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司 | Strawberry compound organic fertilizer for accelerating growth cycle and preparation method thereof |
| CN104609994A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 王连祥 | Compound bio-fertilizer for decreasing content of nitrate in protected soil and vegetables |
| CN105367335A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Biochar-based coast saline-alkali land improvement conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105819921A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-08-03 | 深圳市先康达生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of microbial fertilizer |
| CN106278590A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 云南尚呈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing humic acid organic fertilizer material |
| CN106278596A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 吴美燕 | A kind of preparation method of anti-continuous cropping fertilizer |
| CN107371527A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of Ecological preventive way of strawberry continuous cropping disease |
| CN108101714A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-01 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of millet special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108484267A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-04 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of complex microorganism ecological organic fertilier and its preparation method and application |
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| CN110028360A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-07-19 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Broccoli organic fertilizer |
| CN110205138A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-06 | 河北农业大学 | Preparation method of soil conditioner |
| CN110437017A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of method that feces of livestock and poultry produces microbial manure and controls agricultural non -point pollution |
| CN112341275A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-09 | 宁夏陈敷生态科技有限公司 | Good carrier capable of preserving agricultural microbial agent for long time |
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| CN104230586A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-24 | 合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司 | Strawberry compound organic fertilizer for accelerating growth cycle and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104609994A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 王连祥 | Compound bio-fertilizer for decreasing content of nitrate in protected soil and vegetables |
| CN105367335B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Charcoal base beach saline land improves conditioner and its preparation method and application |
| CN105367335A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Biochar-based coast saline-alkali land improvement conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105819921A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-08-03 | 深圳市先康达生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of microbial fertilizer |
| CN106278590A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 云南尚呈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing humic acid organic fertilizer material |
| CN106278596A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 吴美燕 | A kind of preparation method of anti-continuous cropping fertilizer |
| CN107371527A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of Ecological preventive way of strawberry continuous cropping disease |
| CN107371527B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Ecological prevention and control method for strawberry continuous cropping diseases |
| CN108101714A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-01 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of millet special bio charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108484267A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-04 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of complex microorganism ecological organic fertilier and its preparation method and application |
| CN109650954A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-19 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | A method of using biomass carbonated+two-part fementative composition process afforestation solid organic castoff |
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| CN110205138A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-06 | 河北农业大学 | Preparation method of soil conditioner |
| CN110437017A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of method that feces of livestock and poultry produces microbial manure and controls agricultural non -point pollution |
| CN112341275A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-09 | 宁夏陈敷生态科技有限公司 | Good carrier capable of preserving agricultural microbial agent for long time |
| CN113735654A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-03 | 凤磊 | Microbial fertilizer with long shelf life and preparation method thereof |
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